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銆€銆€When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal. With regard to Futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever Futurist poetry may be鈥昬ven admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right鈥昳t can hardly be classed as Literature.
銆€銆€This, in brief, is what the Futurist says: for a century, past conditions of life have been conditionally speeding up, till now we live in a world of noise and violence and speed. Consequently, our feelings, thoughts and emotions have undergone a corresponding change. This speeding up of life, says the Futurist, requires a new form of expression. We must speed up our literature too, if we want to interpret modern stress. We must pour out a large stream of essential words, unhampered by stops, or qualifying adjectives, or finite verbs. Instead of describing sounds we must make up words that imitate them; we must use many sizes of type and different colored inks on the same page, and shorten or lengthen words at will.
銆€銆€Certainly their descriptions of battles are confused. But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river—and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers: “ Pluff! Pluff! A hundred and eighty-five kilograms.”
銆€銆€This, though it fulfills the laws and requirements of Futurist poetry, can hardly be classed as Literature. All the same, no thinking man can refuse to accept their first proposition: that a great change in our emotional life calls for a change of expression. The whole question is really this: have we essentially changed?
銆€銆€19. This passage is mainly____.
銆€銆€[A]a survey of new approaches to art
銆€銆€[B]a review of Futurist poetry
銆€銆€[C]about merits of the Futurist movement
銆€銆€[D]about laws and requirements of literature
銆€銆€20. When a novel literary idea appears, people should try to_____.
銆€銆€[A]determine its purposes
銆€銆€[B]ignore its flaws
銆€銆€[C]follow the new fashions
銆€銆€[D]accept the principles
銆€銆€21. Futurists claim that we must____.
銆€銆€[A]increase the production of literature
銆€銆€[B]use poetry to relieve modern stress
銆€銆€[C]develop new modes of expression
銆€銆€[D]avoid using adjectives and verbs
銆€銆€22. The author believes that Futurist poetry is____.
銆€銆€[A]based on reasonable principles
銆€銆€[B]new and acceptable to ordinary people
銆€銆€[C]indicative of basic change in human nature
銆€銆€[D]more of a transient phenomenon than literature
銆€銆€
銆€銆€鍚嶅斧瑙f瀽
銆€銆€19. This passage is mainly____. 鏈枃涓績鎬濇兂鏄痏___銆�
銆€銆€[A]a survey of new approaches to art 灏�(du矛)鏂扮殑钘濊(sh霉)鐞嗚珫鐨勮(di脿o)鏌�
銆€銆€[B]a review of Futurist poetry 灏�(du矛)鏈締(l谩i)娲捐┅(sh墨)姝岀殑瑭�(p铆ng)璜�
銆€銆€[C]about merits of the Futurist movement 鏈夐棞(gu膩n)鏈締(l谩i)娲鹃亱(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)鐨勫劒(y艒u)榛�(di菐n)
銆€銆€[D]about laws and requirements of literature 鏈夐棞(gu膩n)鏂囧(xu茅)鐨勮(gu墨)鍓囧拰瑕佹眰
銆€銆€銆愮瓟妗堛€� B
銆€銆€銆愯€冮粸(di菐n)銆� 鏂囩珷涓绘棬椤�銆�
銆€銆€銆愬垎鏋愩€� 鏈枃绗竴娈垫彁鍒�“鑷充簬鏈締(l谩i)娲捐┅(sh墨)姝岋紝鎯呮硜鍗绘湁榛�(di菐n)闆�锛屽洜?y脿n)姒ц瘝閽╁J(r猫n)鏈締(l谩i)娲捐┅(sh墨)姝岀悊璜栨牴鎿�(j霉)鍙兘姝g⒑锛岀劇(w煤)璜栧畠鏄€庢ǎ鐨�锛屼篃寰堥洠绋变箣鐐烘枃瀛�(xu茅)”銆傜浜屾鎻愬埌“鏈締(l谩i)涓荤京鑰呰伈绋�锛岄€欑ó鍔犻€熺殑鐢熸椿闇€瑕佷竴绋柊鐨勮〃閬�(d谩)鏂瑰紡銆傚鏋滄垜鍊戞兂瑙i噵鐝�(xi脿n)浠gぞ鏈�(hu矛)鐨勫鍔�锛屽氨蹇呴爤鍔犲揩鏂囧(xu茅)鐨勯€熷害”銆傜涓夋渚嬭垑浜嗕竴鍊�(g猫)鏈締(l谩i)鏂囧(xu茅)鐨勪緥瀛愶紝鎸囧嚭鍏堕洠浠ユ帴鍙�銆傛渶鍚庝竴娈典粛鐒舵槸灏�(du矛)鏈締(l谩i)鏂囧(xu茅)鐨勬壒瑭�(p铆ng)銆傚洜姝ゆ垜鍊戠湅鍑烘湰鏂囨槸涓€绡囨枃瀛�(xu茅)瑭�(p铆ng)璜栵紝鑰屼笖鏄皪(du矛)鏈締(l谩i)鏂囧(xu茅)鐨勮⿻(p铆ng)璜�銆傚彧鏈夐伕鎿嘯B]銆�
銆€銆€20. When a novel literary idea appears, people should try to_____.
銆€銆€鐣�(d膩ng)鍑虹従(xi脿n)涓€鍊�(g猫)鏂扮殑鏂囧(xu茅)鐞嗗康鏅�(sh铆)锛屼汉鍊戞噳(y墨ng)瑭插姫鍔沖____銆�
銆€銆€[A]determine its purposes 纰哄畾瀹冪殑鐩(bi膩o)
銆€銆€[B]ignore its flaws 蹇借瀹冪殑缂洪櫡
銆€銆€[C]follow the new fashions 璺熼毃閫欏€�(g猫)鏂扮殑娼祦
銆€銆€[D]accept the principles 鎺ュ彈鍘熷墖
銆€銆€銆愮瓟妗堛€� A
銆€銆€銆愯€冮粸(di菐n)銆� 浜嬪(sh铆)绱�(x矛)绡€(ji茅)椤�銆�
銆€銆€銆愬垎鏋愩€� 鏈鍙互瀹氫綅鍒扮涓€娈电涓€鍙�“姣忕暥(d膩ng)涓€鍊�(g猫)鏂拌棟琛�(sh霉)鎬濇疆閬�(d谩)鍒颁竴瀹氭祦琛岀▼搴︽檪(sh铆)锛�(鍦ㄨ⿻(p铆ng)鍍�(ji脿)瀹冧箣鍓�)鏈€濂藉厛鎵惧嚭鍏跺€″皫(d菐o)鑰呯殑鐩殑”銆�
銆€銆€21. Futurists claim that we must____.
銆€銆€鏈締(l谩i)涓荤京鑰呰伈绋辨垜鍊戝繀闋坃___銆�
銆€銆€[A]increase the production of literature 鍔犲ぇ鏂囧(xu茅)鐨勭敘(ch菐n)鍑�
銆€銆€[B]use poetry to relieve modern stress 鐢ㄨ┅(sh墨)姝屼締(l谩i)娓涜紩鐝�(xi脿n)浠g殑澹撳姏
銆€銆€[C]develop new modes of expression 闁嬬櫦(f膩)鍑烘柊鐨勮〃閬�(d谩)鏂瑰紡
銆€銆€[D]avoid using adjectives and verbs 閬垮厤浣跨敤褰㈠瑭炲拰鍕�(d貌ng)瑭�
銆€銆€銆愮瓟妗堛€� C
銆€銆€銆愯€冮粸(di菐n)銆� 浜嬪(sh铆)绱�(x矛)绡€(ji茅)椤�銆�
銆€銆€銆愬垎鏋愩€� 鏍规摎(j霉)椤屽共锛屾垜鍊戠劇(w煤)娉曞畾浣嶅埌浠讳綍涓€娈�锛屽彧鑳介€氶亷(gu貌)鍏烽珨鐨勯伕闋�(xi脿ng)渚�(l谩i)鍋氬叿楂旂殑鍒ゆ柗銆俒A]閬搁爡(xi脿ng)閷�(cu貌)瑾�锛屾枃涓苟娌掓湁鎻愬埌瑕佸姞澶ф枃瀛�(xu茅)鐨勭敘(ch菐n)鍑猴紝闆栫劧鏂囦腑鎻愬埌“濡傛灉鎴戝€戞兂瑙i噵鐝�(xi脿n)浠gぞ鏈�(hu矛)鐨勫鍔�锛屽氨蹇呴爤鍔犲揩鏂囧(xu茅)鐨勯€熷害銆�”浣嗘槸閫欏彞瑭辩殑鎰忔€濅笉鏄鍔犲ぇ鏂囧(xu茅)鐨勭敘(ch菐n)鍑猴紝鑰屾槸鍔犲揩鏂囧(xu茅)鐨勭瘈(ji茅)濂�銆俒B]閬搁爡(xi脿ng)閷�(cu貌)瑾�锛屽洜?y脿n)妲查椆鎬ц皵宀秮姣﹁噮r(sh铆)鍊欙紝鍙槸瑾�(shu艒)“瑙i噵”(interpret)澹撳姏锛岃€屾矑鏈夎(shu艒)鐢ㄨ┅(sh墨)姝屼締(l谩i)娓涜紩鐝�(xi脿n)浠g殑澹撳姏銆俒D]閬搁爡(xi脿ng)閷�(cu貌)瑾�锛屾枃涓彁鍒板舰瀹硅鍜屽嫊(d貌ng)瑭炵殑鍦版柟鏄浜屾“鎴戝€戝繀闋堝ぇ閲忎娇鐢ㄥ熀鏈鍖�锛屼笉鍙楀彞铏�(h脿o)锛屼慨椋炬€у舰瀹硅鍙婇檺瀹氬嫊(d貌ng)瑭炵殑闄愬埗”閫欎竴鍙�銆備絾鏄苟娌掓湁瑾�(shu艒)閬垮厤浣跨敤褰㈠瑭炲拰鍕�(d貌ng)瑭�銆俒C]閬搁爡(xi脿ng)“闁嬬櫦(f膩)鍑烘柊鐨勮〃閬�(d谩)鏂瑰紡”閫欏€�(g猫)瑾�(shu艒)娉曞悎閬╋紝鍥�?y脿n)妲查椆姊拌瘷顟界縼宀�?ldquo;鏈締(l谩i)涓荤京鑰呰伈绋�锛岄€欑ó鍔犻€熺殑鐢熸椿闇€瑕佷竴绋柊鐨勮〃閬�(d谩)鏂瑰紡”銆�
銆€銆€22. The author believes that Futurist poetry is_____. 浣滆€呯浉淇℃湭渚�(l谩i)娲捐┅(sh墨)姝屾槸_____銆�
銆€銆€[A]based on reasonable principles 鏍规摎(j霉)鍚堢悊鐨勫師鍓�
銆€銆€[B]new and acceptable to ordinary people 灏�(du矛)鏅€氫汉鑰岃█鏄柊鐨勫彲鎺ュ彈鐨�
銆€銆€[C]indicative of basic change in human nature 椤ず鍑轰汉鎬т腑鍩烘湰鐨勮畩鍖�
銆€銆€[D]more of a transient phenomenon than literature
銆€銆€鑸囧叾瑾�(shu艒)鏄枃瀛�(xu茅)涓嶅瑾�(shu艒)鏄竴绋毇鏅�(sh铆)鐨勭従(xi脿n)璞�
銆€銆€銆愮瓟妗堛€� D
銆€銆€銆愯€冮粸(di菐n)銆� 涓績涓绘棬椤�銆�
銆€銆€銆愬垎鏋愩€� 鍦ㄦ湰鏂囨渶鍚庝竴娈碉紝浣滆€呰(shu艒)“娌掓湁涓€鍊�(g猫)鍠勪簬鎬濊€冪殑浜烘渻(hu矛)鎷掔禃鎺ュ彈浠栧€戠殑棣栬涓诲嫉锛屽嵆鎯呮劅鐢熸椿鐨勫法澶ц畩鍖栬姹傝〃閬�(d谩)鏂瑰紡涔熼毃涔嬭畩鍖�銆傚(sh铆)闅涘晱(w猫n)椤屾槸锛氭垜鍊戠櫦(f膩)鐢熶簡鏍规湰鐨勮畩鍖栧棊锛�”閫欏€�(g猫)鍟�(w猫n)椤屽(sh铆)闅涗笂灏卞凡缍�(j墨ng)鍚﹀畾浜嗘湭渚�(l谩i)涓荤京鑰呯殑棣栬涓诲嫉锛屽嵆浠栧€戝皪(du矛)姝峰彶鍜岀従(xi脿n)瀵�(sh铆)鐨勮獚(r猫n)璀�(sh铆)鏄笉姝g⒑鐨�锛屾墍浠ュ叾鐞嗚珫鏍规摎(j霉)鏄珯涓嶄綇鑵崇殑銆傛墍浠ヨ(shu艒)鏈締(l谩i)娲捐┅(sh墨)姝屽苟娌掓湁绌�(w臎n)瀹氱殑鐞嗚珫鍩虹(ch菙)锛屽彧鏄竴鍊�(g猫)鏆檪(sh铆)鐨勭従(xi脿n)璞°€�
銆€銆€闆e彞瑙f瀽锛�
銆€銆€1. When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal.
銆€銆€銆愮祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍒嗘瀽銆� 鏈彞鍙互鍒嗙偤鍏╁€�(g猫)閮ㄥ垎锛�“for”鐐哄垎鐣岃銆傚湪鍓嶅崐閮ㄥ垎涓�“it”鏄舰寮忎富瑾�(y菙)锛岀湡姝g殑涓昏獮(y菙)鏄�“to”寮曞皫(d菐o)鐨勪笉瀹氬紡鐭獮(y菙)锛岄€欏€�(g猫)鐭獮(y菙)涓張鍑虹従(xi脿n)浜嗕竴鍊�(g猫)璩撹獮(y菙)寰炲彞銆�“when”寮曞皫(d菐o)涓€鍊�(g猫)鐙€瑾�(y菙)寰炲彞锛岃〃绀烘檪(sh铆)闁撱€傚悗鍗婂彞涓�“it”浠嶇劧鏄舰寮忎富瑾�(y菙)锛�“that”寮曞皫(d菐o)涓€鍊�(g猫)涓昏獮(y菙)寰炲彞銆�“however”寮曞皫(d菐o)涓€鍊�(g猫)璁撴鐙€瑾�(y菙)寰炲彞銆�
銆€銆€2. With regard to Futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever Futurist poetry may be—even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right—it can hardly be classed as Literature.
銆€銆€銆愮祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍒嗘瀽銆� 鏈彞鏄竴鍊�(g猫)鍥犳灉闂�(gu膩n)绯荤殑骞跺垪鍙�銆傚墠涓€鍊�(g猫)鍒嗗彞鐨勪富鍙ユ槸“the case is rather difficult”锛屽叾涓�“however”琛ㄧず姝ゅ彞鑸囦笂涓€鍙ヤ箣闁撴槸杞�(zhu菐n)鎶橀棞(gu膩n)绯�锛涘師鍥�?y脿n)?ldquo;for”涔嬪悗鐨勯儴鍒嗭紝鍏朵腑鐮存姌铏�(h脿o)涔嬮枔鐨勯儴鍒嗘槸鎻掑叆瑾�(y菙)锛岃〃绀轰竴绋畵姝ワ紝“on which it is based”鏄�“the theory”鐨勫畾瑾�(y菙)寰炲彞锛�“it”鎸囦唬“Futurist poetry”銆�
銆€銆€3. But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river—and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers: “Pluff! Pluff! A hundred and eighty-five kilograms.”
銆€銆€銆愮祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍒嗘瀽銆� 鏈彞“it”鏄舰寮忎富瑾�(y菙)锛岀湡姝g殑涓昏獮(y菙)鏄嫊(d貌ng)瑭炰笉瀹氬紡“to read”鍙婂悗闈㈢殑璩撹獮(y菙)寰炲彞鍜�“to find”鍙婂叾鍚庨潰鐨勮硴瑾�(y菙)寰炲彞銆�“read”鐨勮硴瑾�(y菙)寰炲彞鏄�“that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river”锛�“find”鐨勮硴瑾�(y菙)寰炲彞鏄�“that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers: ‘Pluff! Pluff! A hundred and eighty-five kilograms.’”銆�
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