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6銆佺当(t菕ng)瑷�(j矛)鐔卞姏瀛�(xu茅)鍩虹(ch菙)

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7銆侀浕瑙ｈ唱(zh矛)婧舵恫

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8銆佸彲閫嗛浕姹犵殑闆诲嫊(d貌ng)鍕�(sh矛)鍙婂叾鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�

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10銆佸寲瀛�(xu茅)鍕�(d貌ng)鍔涘(xu茅)鍩虹(ch菙)锛堜竴锛�

    鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�

    鍖栧(xu茅)鍕�(d貌ng)鍔涘(xu茅)鐨勪竴浜涘熀鏈蹇碉細鍩哄厓鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛岄潪鍩哄厓鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛屽弽鎳�(y墨ng)閫熺巼锛屽弽鎳�(y墨ng)姗�(j墨)鐞�锛屽弽鎳�(y墨ng)绱�(j铆)鏁�(sh霉)锛屽弽鎳�(y墨ng)鍒嗗瓙鏁�(sh霉)锛岄€熺巼甯告暩(sh霉)锛屽崐琛版湡锛屾椿鍖栬兘绛夈€傚叿鏈夌啊(ji菐n)鍠礆(j铆)鏁�(sh霉)鐨勫弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛屽弽鎳�(y墨ng)绱�(j铆)鏁�(sh霉)鐨勬脯(c猫)瀹�锛屽皪(du矛)宄欏弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛屽钩琛屽弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛岄€ｇ簩(x霉)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛岄張鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛屾韩搴﹀皪(du矛)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)閫熺巼鐨勫奖闊�锛屾摤瀹氬弽鎳�(y墨ng)姝风▼鐨勪竴鑸柟娉�锛屽強铏曠悊鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)姝风▼鏅�(sh铆)涓€浜涘父鐢ㄧ殑杩戜技铏曠悊鏂规硶銆傚熀鍏冨弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勮唱(zh矛)閲忎綔鐢ㄥ畾寰�锛屽井瑙€鍙€嗘€у師鐞�锛屽弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐛�(d煤)绔嬪叡瀛樺師鐞�銆�

鑰冭│瑕侀粸(di菐n)

    浜嗚В鍩哄厓鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛岄潪鍩哄厓鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛屽弽鎳�(y墨ng)閫熺巼锛屽弽鎳�(y墨ng)姗�(j墨)鐞�锛屽弽鎳�(y墨ng)绱�(j铆)鏁�(sh霉)锛屽弽鎳�(y墨ng)鍒嗗瓙鏁�(sh霉)锛屽崐琛版湡绛夊熀鏈蹇�锛屼簡瑙ｉ€熺巼甯告暩(sh霉)鍙婂叾鐗╃悊鎰忕京鍜屽奖闊垮洜绱�锛岀悊瑙ｆ椿鍖栬兘鐨勬蹇点€佸熀鍏冨弽鎳�(y墨ng)娲诲寲鑳界殑鐗╃悊鎰忕京鍙婂叾浼扮畻鏂规硶銆傜啛绶存帉鎻″強鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄥ熀鍏冨弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勮唱(zh矛)閲忎綔鐢ㄥ畾寰�銆佸井瑙€鍙€嗘€у師鐞嗗拰鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐛�(d煤)绔嬪叡瀛樺師鐞�銆傛帉鎻￠浂绱�(j铆)銆佷竴绱�(j铆)銆佷簩绱�(j铆)銆佷笁绱�(j铆)绛夊叿鏈夌啊(ji菐n)鍠礆(j铆)鏁�(sh霉)鐨勫弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勭壒榛�(di菐n)锛岃兘鍒╃敤瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)纰哄畾鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)绱�(j铆)鏁�(sh霉)锛屽苟鑳界啛绶村湴鍒╃敤閫熺巼鏂圭▼閫�(j矛n)琛岀浉闂�(gu膩n)瑷�(j矛)绠�銆傚皪(du矛)浜庡皪(du矛)宄欏弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛屽钩琛屽弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛岄€ｇ簩(x霉)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)瑕佹帉鎻″畠鍊戝悇鑷殑鐗归粸(di菐n)锛屽苟閫�(j矛n)琛屼竴浜涚啊(ji菐n)鍠▓(j矛)绠�銆傛帉鎻℃韩搴﹀皪(du矛)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)閫熺巼鐨勫奖闊�锛屽皪(du矛)寰�(f霉)鍚堝弽鎳�(y墨ng)鑳界⒑瀹氭湁鍒╀簬鍒跺倷鐩(bi膩o)鐢�(ch菐n)鐗╃殑婧害姊濅欢锛屾槑纰篈rrhenius鍏紡涓悇闋�(xi脿ng)鐨勭墿鐞嗘剰缇╁苟鎺屾彙娲诲寲鑳界殑姹傜畻鏂规硶銆傛帉鎻￠張鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勭壒榛�(di菐n)锛屾渻(hu矛)鐢ㄧ┅(w臎n)鎱�(t脿i)杩戜技銆佸钩琛″亣瑷�(sh猫)鍜岄€熸帶姝ョ瓑杩戜技鏂规硶寰炲京(f霉)闆滃弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勬(j墨)鐞嗘帹灏�(d菐o)閫熺巼鏂圭▼銆�

11銆佸寲瀛�(xu茅)鍕�(d貌ng)鍔涘(xu茅)鍩虹(ch菙)锛堜簩锛�

    鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�

绨�(ji菐n)鍠鎾炵悊璜�銆侀亷(gu貌)娓℃厠(t脿i)鐞嗚珫銆佸柈鍒嗗瓙鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨凩inedemann鐞嗚珫鍜孯RKM鐞嗚珫鍙婅垏涓婅堪鐞嗚珫鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鐨勪竴浜涘熀鏈蹇�锛屽垎瀛愬弽鎳�(y墨ng)鍕�(d貌ng)鎱�(t脿i)瀛�(xu茅)绨�(ji菐n)浠嬶紝鍦ㄦ憾娑蹭腑閫�(j矛n)琛岀殑鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆佸厜鍖栧(xu茅)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍜屽偓鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)鍕�(d貌ng)鍔涘(xu茅)锛屽揩閫熷弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勫咕绋脯(c猫)瑭︽墜娈�銆�

鑰冭│瑕侀粸(di菐n)

浜嗚В鍠垎瀛愬弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨凴RKM鐞嗚珫鐨勫熀鏈榛�(di菐n)锛屼簡瑙ｅ紱璞硶閬╃敤鐨勬浠跺強鐢ㄥ紱璞硶瑷�(j矛)绠楀揩閫熷皪(du矛)宄欏弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勯€熺巼甯告暩(sh霉)锛屼簡瑙ｅ垎瀛愬弽鎳�(y墨ng)鍕�(d貌ng)鎱�(t脿i)瀛�(xu茅)鐨勭櫦(f膩)灞曟娉�銆佸父鐢ㄥ(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)鏂规硶鍜岃┎鐮旂┒鐨勭悊璜栨剰缇�銆備簡瑙ｆ憾娑插弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勭壒榛�(di菐n)銆佹憾鍔戝皪(du矛)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勫奖闊匡紝鏈�(hu矛)鍒╃敤鍘熼菇鏁堟噳(y墨ng)鍒ゆ柗闆㈠瓙寮�(qi谩ng)搴﹀皪(du矛)婧舵恫涓湁闆㈠瓙鍙冨姞鐨勫弽鎳�(y墨ng)閫熺巼鐨勫奖闊�銆備簡瑙ｅ厜鍖栧(xu茅)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勫熀鏈畾寰�銆佸厜鍖栧(xu茅)骞宠　鑸囩啽鍖栧(xu茅)骞宠　鐨勫崁(q奴)鍒�锛屼簡瑙ｅ偓鍖栧姂鐨勭壒寰併€佸悇椤炲偓鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勭壒榛�(di菐n)鍜岀敘(ch菐n)鐢熷寲瀛�(xu茅)鎸暕鐨勫師鍥�銆�

鎺屾彙绨�(ji菐n)鍠鎾炵悊璜栫殑鍩烘湰瑕侀粸(di菐n)锛岄亷(gu貌)娓℃厠(t脿i)鐞嗚珫鐨勫熀鏈榛�(di菐n)鍜岀啽鍔涘(xu茅)銆佺当(t菕ng)瑷�(j矛)鐔卞姏瀛�(xu茅)鍏╃ó铏曠悊鏂规硶锛屾渻(hu矛)鍒╃敤绨�(ji菐n)鍠鎾炵悊璜栧拰閬�(gu貌)娓℃厠(t脿i)鐞嗚珫瑷�(j矛)绠椾竴浜涚啊(ji菐n)鍠弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勯€熺巼甯告暩(sh霉)锛屾帉鎻℃椿鍖栬兘銆侀柧鑳藉拰娲诲寲鐒撶瓑鑳介噺涔嬮枔鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯汇€傛帉鎻″柈鍒嗗瓙鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨凩inedemann鐞嗚珫鐨勫熀鏈榛�(di菐n)銆傛帉鎻￠噺瀛愮敘(ch菐n)鐜囩殑瑷�(j矛)绠楀苟鏈�(hu矛)铏曠悊绨�(ji菐n)鍠殑鍏夊寲瀛�(xu茅)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勫嫊(d貌ng)鍔涘(xu茅)鍟�(w猫n)椤�銆傛渻(hu矛)铏曠悊閰跺偓鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勫嫊(d貌ng)鍔涘(xu茅)鍟�(w猫n)椤�銆�

12銆佽〃闈㈢墿鐞嗗寲瀛�(xu茅)

    鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�

    琛ㄩ潰鍖栧(xu茅)涓殑涓€浜涘熀鏈蹇�锛屽姣旇〃闈�銆佽〃闈㈠嫉鍔�銆佽〃闈ibbs鑷敱鑳�銆佹饯(r霉n)婵�銆侀嫪灞�銆佸惛闄勭瓑锛岃〃闈㈢啽鍔涘(xu茅)鐨勫熀鏈叕寮�锛屽綆鏇茶〃闈笂鐨勯檮鍔犲鍔涘拰钂告苯澹擄紝婧舵恫鐨勮〃闈㈠惛闄�锛屾恫鈥撴恫鐣岄潰鐨勬€ц唱(zh矛)锛岃啘锛屾恫鈥撳浐鐣岄潰鐝�(xi脿n)璞�锛岃〃闈㈡椿鎬у姂鍙婂叾浣滅敤锛屽浐楂旇〃闈㈢殑鍚搁檮锛屾埃鈥撳浐鐩歌〃闈㈠偓鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆�

鑰冭│瑕侀粸(di菐n)

鐞嗚В琛ㄩ潰鍖栧(xu茅)涓殑鍩烘湰姒傚康锛屾帉鎻¤〃闈㈠嫉鍔涘拰琛ㄩ潰Gibbs鑷敱鑳芥蹇电殑鐣板悓榛�(di菐n)锛屼簡瑙ｈ〃闈㈠嫉鍔涜垏婧害鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯�銆備簡瑙ｈ〃闈㈡椿鎬х殑姒傚康鍙婂叾鍘熺悊锛岃〃闈㈡椿鎬у姂鐨勫垎椤炲強鍏跺咕绋噸瑕佷綔鐢ㄣ€備簡瑙ｆ恫鈥撴恫銆佹恫鈥撳浐鐣岄潰鐨勯嫪灞曡垏娼�(r霉n)婵曟儏娉侊紝鐞嗚В姘ｂ€撳浐琛ㄩ潰鐨勫惛闄勬湰璩�(zh矛)鍙婂惛闄勭瓑婧窔鐨勪富瑕侀鍨�锛屼簡瑙reundlich绛夋韩寮忓拰鍠閲戞柟绋嬪紡鍙婂叾閬╃敤鐨勫惛闄勯鍨�锛屼簡瑙ｅ寲瀛�(xu茅)鍚搁檮鍜岀墿鐞嗗惛闄勭殑鍗€(q奴)鍒�銆�

鎺屾彙琛ㄩ潰鐔卞姏瀛�(xu茅)鐨勫熀鏈叕寮忥紝骞惰兘閫�(j矛n)琛屼竴浜涚啽鍔涘(xu茅)瑷�(j矛)绠�銆傛帉鎻oung-Laplace鍏紡锛孠elvin鍏紡鍜孏ibbs鍚搁檮绛夋韩寮�锛岃兘灏�(du矛)涓€浜涘父瑕�(ji脿n)鐨勮〃闈㈢従(xi脿n)璞￠€�(j矛n)琛岃В閲嬩互鍙婇€�(j矛n)琛屼竴浜涚啊(ji菐n)鍠▓(j矛)绠�銆傛帉鎻angmuir鍠垎瀛愬惛闄勭悊璜栬榛�(di菐n)骞惰兘閫�(j矛n)琛岀啊(ji菐n)鍠▓(j矛)绠�锛屾帉鎻ET澶氬垎瀛愬堡鍚搁檮鐞嗚珫瑕侀粸(di菐n)鍙婂叾涓昏鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄣ€傛帉鎻℃埃鈥撳浐鐩歌〃闈㈠偓鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勫熀鏈椹�銆佸弽鎳�(y墨ng)姗�(j墨)鐞�锛岃兘瑙ｉ噵绨�(ji菐n)鍠殑琛ㄩ潰鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍕�(d貌ng)鍔涘(xu茅)锛屼互鍙婂埄鐢ㄥ弽鎳�(y墨ng)姗�(j墨)鐞�銆佸熀鍏冩椹熸椿鍖栬兘鍜屽惛闄勭啽绛夎▓(j矛)绠楁埃鈥撳浐鐩歌〃闈㈠偓鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勮〃瑙€娲诲寲鑳�銆�

13銆佽啝楂斿垎鏁ｇ郴绲�(t菕ng)鍜屽ぇ鍒嗗瓙婧舵恫

    鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�

鑶犻珨鐨勫熀鏈壒鎬�锛屾憾鑶犵殑鍒跺倷鑸囧噲鍖�锛屾憾鑶犵殑鍕�(d貌ng)鍔涙€ц唱(zh矛)銆佸厜瀛�(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)鍜岄浕瀛�(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛岄洐闆诲堡鐞嗚珫鍜屛堕浕鍕�(sh矛)锛屾憾鑶犵殑绌�(w臎n)瀹氭€у拰鑱氭矇浣滅敤锛屼钩鐙€娑�锛屽ぇ鍒嗗瓙婧舵恫锛屽嚌鑶�锛孌onnan骞宠　鍜岃仛闆昏В璩�(zh矛)婧舵恫鐨勬徊閫忓锛屾祦璁婂(xu茅)绨�(ji菐n)浠嬶紝绱嶇背鏉愭枡鍙婄磵绫崇矑瀛�銆�

鑰冭│瑕侀粸(di菐n)

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浜�銆佸弮鑰冩浉(sh奴)鐩�

[1] 鍌呯嵒(xi脿n)褰╋紝娌堟枃闇�锛屽澶╂彋(y谩ng)锛屼警鏂囪彲. 鐗╃悊鍖栧(xu茅)锛堢浜旂増锛� 涓�銆佷笅鍐�(c猫). 楂樼瓑鏁欒偛鍑虹増绀撅紝2006

[2] 鑳� 鑻� 涓荤法.  鐗╃悊鍖栧(xu茅)锛堢鍥涚増锛�.   楂樼瓑鏁欒偛鍑虹増绀�锛�1999

[3] 瀛痉鍧�锛屾矆鏂囬湠锛屽澶╂彋(y谩ng)锛屼警鏂囪彲. 鐗╃悊鍖栧(xu茅)瀛�(xu茅)缈�(x铆)鎸囧皫(d菐o). 楂樼瓑鏁欒偛鍑虹増绀撅紝2007

[4] 鑼冨磭鏀�锛屾澀鐟氾紝钄ｆ樊娓�. 鐗╃悊鍖栧(xu茅)姒傚康杈ㄦ瀽路瑙ｉ鏂规硶路鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄥ(sh铆)渚嬶紙绗�4鐗堬級. 涓湅(gu贸)绉戝(xu茅)鎶€琛�(sh霉)澶у(xu茅)鍑虹増绀�锛�2010