鍙嬫儏鎻愮ず锛氭湰绔欐彁渚涘叏鍦�400澶氭墍楂樼瓑闄㈡牎鎷涙敹纰╁+銆佸崥澹爺绌剁敓鍏ュ(xu茅)鑰冭│姝峰勾鑰冪爺鐪熼銆佽€冨崥鐪熼銆佺瓟妗�锛岄儴鍒嗗(xu茅)鏍℃洿鏂拌嚦2012骞�锛�2013骞�锛涘潎鎻愪緵鏀惰不涓嬭級銆� 涓嬭級娴佺▼锛� 鑰冪爺鐪熼 榛炴搳鈥�鑰冪爺瑭﹀嵎鈥濃€濅笅杓�; 鑰冨崥鐪熼 榛炴搳鈥�鑰冨崥瑭﹀嵎搴�鈥� 涓嬭級
娴欐睙甯寖澶у(xu茅)纰╁+鐮旂┒鐢熷叆瀛�(xu茅)鑰冭│鍒濊│绉戠洰
鑰冭│澶х侗
绉戠洰浠g⒓銆佸悕绋�:
|
閬嬬睂瀛�(xu茅)
|
閬╃敤灏堟キ(y猫):
|
0812z2 鏅鸿兘浜ら€氭妧琛�(sh霉)
|
|
|
|
涓€銆佽€冭│褰㈠紡鑸囪│鍗风祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
锛堜竴锛夎│鍗锋豢鍒� 鍙� 鑰冭│鏅傞枔
鏈│鍗锋豢鍒嗙偤150鍒�锛岃€冭│鏅傞枔鐐�180鍒嗛悩銆�
锛堜簩锛夌瓟椤屾柟寮�
绛旈鏂瑰紡鐐洪枆鍗�銆佺瓎瑭︺€�
瑭﹀嵎鐢辫│椤屽拰绛旈绱欑祫鎴�锛涚瓟妗堝繀闋堝鍦ㄧ瓟椤岀礄锛堢敱鑰冮粸鎻愪緵锛夌浉鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勪綅缃笂銆�
锛堜笁锛夎│鍗烽鍨嬬祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
鍠伕椤岋細10灏忛锛屾瘡灏忛2鍒�锛屽叡20鍒�
濉┖椤岋細7灏忛锛屾瘡绌�2鍒�锛屽叡20鍒�
绨$瓟椤岋細3灏忛锛屾瘡灏忛5鍒�锛屽叡15鍒�
寤烘ā椤岋細2灏忛锛屾瘡灏忛10鍒嗭紝鍏�20鍒�
瑷堢畻椤岋細5灏忛锛屾瘡灏忛15鍒�锛屽叡75鍒�
浜�銆佽€冩煡鐩锛堝京(f霉)缈�(x铆)瑕佹眰锛�
鍏ㄦ棩鍒舵敾璁€纰╁+瀛�(xu茅)浣嶇爺绌剁敓鍏ュ(xu茅)鑰冭│閬嬬睂瀛�(xu茅)绉戠洰鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹瑰寘鎷窔鎬ц(gu墨)鍔�銆佹暣鏁�(sh霉)瑕�(gu墨)鍔�銆侀亱杓稿晱椤屻€佺恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)瑕�(gu墨)鍔�銆佸嫊鎱�(t脿i)瑕�(gu墨)鍔冪瓑鍏�(n猫i)瀹癸紝瑕佹眰鑰冪敓绯荤当(t菕ng)鎺屾彙鐩搁棞(gu膩n)瀛�(xu茅)绉戠殑鍩烘湰鐭ヨ瓨銆佸熀绀�(ch菙)鐞嗚珫鍜屽熀鏈柟娉�锛屽苟鑳介亱鐢ㄧ浉闂�(gu膩n)鐞嗚珫鍜屾柟娉曞垎鏋�銆佽В姹虹敓鐢�(ch菐n)瀵﹁笎涓殑瀵﹂殯鍟忛銆�
涓�銆佽€冩煡鑼冨湇鎴栬€冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹规瑕�
绗竴绔犮€€绶氭€ц(gu墨)鍔�
1锛庣窔鎬ц(gu墨)鍔冨晱椤屾暩(sh霉)瀛�(xu茅)妯″瀷鐨勪笁鍊嬭绱狅紙姹虹瓥璁婇噺銆佺磩鏉熸浠�銆佺洰妯欏嚱鏁�(sh霉)锛�
2锛庣窔鎬ц(gu墨)鍔冨晱椤岀殑瑙g殑骞剧ó鍙兘鎯呮硜锛堢劇鍙瑙�銆佹湁鐒$晫瑙c€佹湁鍞竴鏈€鍎�(y艒u)瑙�銆佹湁鐒$澶氭渶鍎�(y艒u)瑙o級銆�
3锛庣窔鎬ц(gu墨)鍔冨晱椤岀殑寤烘ā鏂规硶銆�
4锛庣窔鎬ц(gu墨)鍔冨晱椤屾暩(sh霉)瀛�(xu茅)妯″瀷鐨勪竴鑸舰寮忓強妯欐簴褰㈠紡銆�
5锛庣窔鎬ц(gu墨)鍔冨晱椤岀殑鍩恒€佸熀鏈В銆佸彲琛岃В銆佸熀鏈彲琛岃В鐨勬蹇靛強瀹冨€戜箣闁撶殑闂�(gu膩n)绯�銆�
6锛庡嚫闆嗙殑姒傚康銆�
7锛庡湒瑙f硶鐨勬椹熷強骞句綍鎰忕京銆�
8锛庡柈绱斿舰娉曠殑鍩烘湰鍘熺悊鍙婂咕浣曟剰缇�銆�
9锛庡柈绱斿舰娉曠殑鎬濊矾鑸囧湒瑙f硶鐨勬€濊矾鐨勭浉鍚屼箣铏曘€�
10锛庡柈绱斿舰娉曠殑瑷堢畻姝ラ鍙婂闅涢亱鐢�銆�
绗簩绔犮€€绶氭€ц(gu墨)鍔冪殑灏嶅伓鐞嗚珫鑸囬潏鏁忓害鍒嗘瀽
1锛庣窔鎬ц(gu墨)鍔冪殑灏嶅伓鍟忛銆�
2锛庡皪鍋跺晱椤岀殑鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛堝皪鍋舵€у畾鐞�銆佹澗寮涗簰瑁滃畾鐞嗭級銆�
3锛庡皪鍋跺柈绱斿舰绠楁硶鐨勮▓绠楁椹熷強瀵﹂殯鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�銆�
4锛庨潏鏁忓害鍒嗘瀽鐨勬蹇�銆�
5锛庡埄鐢ㄥ柈绱斿舰琛ㄩ€茶甯哥敤鐨勫咕绋潏鏁忓害鍒嗘瀽銆�
绗笁绔犮€€閬嬭几鍟忛
1锛庨亱杓稿晱椤屽強鍏舵暩(sh霉)瀛�(xu茅)妯″瀷銆�
2锛庣敤琛ㄤ笂浣滄キ(y猫)娉曟眰瑙g敘(ch菐n)閵峰钩琛$殑閬嬭几鍟忛锛堣タ鍖楄娉�銆佹渶灏忓厓绱犳硶銆佷綅鍕㈡硶锛�銆�
3锛庢渻灏囩敘(ch菐n)閵蜂笉骞宠 鐨勯亱杓稿晱椤岃綁(zhu菐n)鍖栨垚鐢�(ch菐n)閵峰钩琛″晱椤屽苟鐢ㄨ〃涓婁綔妤�(y猫)娉曟眰瑙c€�
绗簲绔犮€€鏁存暩(sh霉)瑕�(gu墨)鍔�
1锛庢暣鏁�(sh霉)瑕�(gu墨)鍔冪殑姒傚康銆佺壒榛炲拰鏁�(sh霉)瀛�(xu茅)妯″瀷銆�
2锛庡壊骞抽潰娉曘€佸垎鏀畾鐣屾硶鐨勬€濇兂銆�
3锛庢渻鐢ㄥ壊骞抽潰娉曟眰瑙g磾鏁存暩(sh霉)瑕�(gu墨)鍔冨晱椤�銆�
4. 鏈冪敤鍒嗘敮瀹氱晫娉曟眰瑙g啊鍠殑绱旀暣鏁�(sh霉)瑕�(gu墨)鍔冨晱椤�銆�
5. 鏈冪敤鍖堢墮鍒╃畻娉曟眰瑙f渶鍎�(y艒u)鍒嗛厤鍟忛锛堝嵆鎸囨淳鍟忛锛�銆�
绗叚绔犮€€缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)瑕�(gu墨)鍔冿紙鍦栬珫锛�
1锛庡湒鐨勫熀鏈蹇点€�
2锛庢ü鐨勫畾缇╁強骞剧ó绛夊児瀹氱京銆�
3锛庢渻鐢ㄧ媱鍏嬫柉鐗规媺绠楁硶姹傝В鏈€鐭矾寰戝晱椤�銆�
4. 鏈€灏忕敓鎴愭ü鐨勬蹇靛強姹傝В鏈€灏忕敓鎴愭ü鐨勬柟娉�銆�
5. 閬嬭几缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)鍙婂叾鐩搁棞(gu膩n)姒傚康銆�
6. 鏈冩眰閬嬭几缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)鐨勬渶澶ф祦鍙婃渶灏忓壊銆�
绗叓绔犮€€鍕曟厠(t脿i)瑕�(gu墨)鍔�
1锛庡闅庢鐨勬焙绛栧晱椤�
2锛庡嫊鎱�(t脿i)瑕�(gu墨)鍔冪殑鍩烘湰姒傚康锛堝寘鎷殠娈�銆佺媭鎱�(t脿i)銆佹焙绛栥€佸厑瑷辨焙绛栭泦鍚�銆佺媭鎱�(t脿i)杞�(zhu菐n)绉绘柟绋�銆侀仦姝告柟绋嬬瓑锛夈€�
3锛庡嫊鎱�(t脿i)瑕�(gu墨)鍔冪殑閫嗗簭瑙f硶銆�
4锛庡嫊鎱�(t脿i)瑕�(gu墨)鍔冪殑鎳�(y墨ng)鐢細鏈冧娇鐢ㄥ嫊鎱�(t脿i)瑕�(gu墨)鍔冩眰瑙f渶鍎�(y艒u)璺緫鍟忛銆佹姇璩囧晱椤�銆�0-1鑳屽寘鍟忛绛夈€�
鍙冭€冩暀鏉愭垨涓昏鍙冭€冩浉锛�
1锛庛€婇亱绫屽(xu茅)鏂规硶鑸囨ā鍨嬨€嬪倕瀹惰壇 涓荤法 寰�(f霉)鏃﹀ぇ瀛�(xu茅)鍑虹増绀�锛�2007.02
2锛庛€婇亱绫屽(xu茅)鏁欑▼绗笁鐗堛€嬭儭閬嬫瑠(qu谩n) 涓荤法 娓呰彲澶у(xu茅)鍑虹増绀撅紝2008.06
鍥�銆佹ǎ鍗�
锛堜竴锛夊柈闋呴伕鎿囬锛堝緸涓嬪垪鍚勯鍥涘€嬪倷閬哥瓟妗堜腑閬稿嚭涓€鍊嬫纰虹瓟妗堬紝绛旀閬搁尟鎴栨湭閬歌€�锛岃┎椤屼笉寰楀垎銆傛瘡灏忛2鍒�锛屽叡20鍒嗭級
1. 鍦ㄧ窔鎬ц(gu墨)鍔冩ā鍨嬩腑锛屾豢瓒崇磩鏉熸浠跺拰闈炶矤姊濅欢鐨勮В绋辩偤( )
A锛庡熀鏈В B锛庡熀鏈彲琛岃В C锛庡彲琛岃В D锛庢渶鍎�(y艒u)瑙�
2. 绶氭€ц(gu墨)鍔冨彲琛屽煙鐨勯爞榛炰竴瀹氭槸( )
A锛庡熀鏈彲琛岃В B锛庢渶鍎�(y艒u)瑙� C锛庨潪鍙瑙� D锛庨潪鍩烘湰瑙�
3. X鏄窔鎬ц(gu墨)鍔冪殑鍩烘湰鍙瑙e墖鏈�( )
A锛嶺涓殑鍩鸿畩閲忛潪璨狅紝闈炲熀璁婇噺鐐洪浂 B锛嶺鏄渶鍎�(y艒u)瑙�
C锛嶺涓嶄竴瀹氭豢瓒崇磩鏉熸浠� D锛嶺涓殑鍩鸿畩閲忛潪闆讹紝闈炲熀璁婇噺鐐洪浂
4. 绶氭€ц(gu墨)鍔冩渶鍎�(y艒u)瑙e敮涓€鏄寚( )
A锛庡彲琛岃В闆嗗悎鐒$晫 B锛庢渶鍎�(y艒u)琛ㄤ腑瀛樺湪闈炲熀璁婇噺鐨勬椹楁暩(sh霉)鐐洪浂
C锛庡彲琛岃В闆嗗悎鏄┖闆� D锛庢渶鍎�(y艒u)琛ㄤ腑闈炲熀璁婇噺鐨勬椹楁暩(sh霉)鍏ㄥぇ浜庨浂
5. 鍘熷晱椤屾湁4鍊嬭畩閲�3鍊嬬磩鏉�锛屽叾灏嶅伓鍟忛( )
A锛庢湁3鍊嬭畩閲�4鍊嬬磩鏉� B锛庢湁4鍊嬭畩閲�3鍊嬬磩鏉�
C锛庢湁4鍊嬭畩閲�3鍊嬬磩鏉� D锛庢湁4鍊嬭畩閲�4鍊嬬磩鏉�
6. 鍦ㄩ亱杓稿晱椤屼腑锛屾瘡娆¤凯浠f檪锛屽鏋滄湁鏌愰潪鍩鸿畩閲忕殑妾㈤鏁�(sh霉)绛変簬闆讹紝鍓囪┎閬嬭几鍟忛
( )
A锛庣劇鏈€鍎�(y艒u)瑙� B锛庢湁鍞竴鏈€鍎�(y艒u)瑙�
C锛庢湁鐒$澶氬€嬫渶鍎�(y艒u)瑙� D锛庝笉纰哄畾
7. 灏嶅伓鍠磾褰㈡硶涓�锛岃嫢婊胯冻( )锛屽墖鍘熷晱椤屾矑鏈夊彲琛岃В銆�
A锛庡熀璁婇噺鐨勫彇鍊煎嚭鐝�(xi脿n)璨犲€�
B锛庢椹楁暩(sh霉)涓嚭鐝�(xi脿n)姝f暩(sh霉)
C锛庢椹楁暩(sh霉)鍏ㄩ儴灏忎簬闆�
D锛庡瓨鍦ㄦ煇鍊嬪熀璁婇噺鐐鸿矤鏁�(sh霉)锛屼笖鍏舵墍鍦ㄨ鐨勭郴鏁�(sh霉)鍏ㄩ儴澶т簬鎴栫瓑浜庨浂
8. 鑻ユüT鏈塶鍊嬮爞榛�锛岄偅涔堝畠鐨勯倞鏁�(sh霉)涓€瀹氭槸( )
A锛巒-1 B锛巒+1 C锛巒 D锛巒2
9. 鍘熷晱椤岃垏灏嶅伓鍟忛閮芥湁鍙瑙�锛屽墖鏈�( )
A銆佸師鍟忛鏈夋渶鍎�(y艒u)瑙�锛屽皪鍋跺晱椤屽彲鑳芥矑鏈夋渶鍎�(y艒u)瑙�
B銆佸師鍟忛鑸囧皪鍋跺晱椤屽彲鑳介兘娌掓湁鏈€鍎�(y艒u)瑙�
C銆佸彲鑳戒竴鍊嬪晱椤屾湁鏈€鍎�(y艒u)瑙�锛屽彟涓€鍊嬪晱椤屽叿鏈夌劇鐣岃В
D銆佸師鍟忛鑸囧皪鍋跺晱椤岄兘鍏锋湁鏈€鍎�(y艒u)瑙�
10.鐢ㄥ壊骞抽潰娉曟眰瑙f暣鏁�(sh霉)瑕�(gu墨)鍔冩檪锛屾(g貌u)閫犵殑鍓插钩闈㈠彧鑳藉垏鍘�( )
A锛庢暣鏁�(sh霉)鍙瑙� B锛庢暣鏁�(sh霉)瑙f渶鍎�(y艒u)瑙� C锛庨潪鏁存暩(sh霉)瑙� D锛庣劇娉曠⒑瀹�
锛堜簩锛夊~绌洪锛堟瘡绌烘牸2鍒�锛屽叡20鍒嗭級
1. 绶氭€ц(gu墨)鍔冭В鐨勬儏褰㈡湁鍞竴鏈€鍎�(y艒u)瑙�銆� 銆� 鍜岀劇鍙瑙c€�
2. 濡傛灉鍦ㄧ窔鎬ц(gu墨)鍔冩ā鍨嬩腑璁婇噺xj鐨勭铏熶笉鍙楅檺鍒�锛屽嵆璁婇噺xj鍙栨鍊�锛屽彇璨犲€兼垨鍙栭浂閮藉彲浠�锛屽墖绋眡j鐐� 銆�
3. 濡傛灉绶氭€ц(gu墨)鍔冨晱椤�(LP)鐨勫熀鏈В鍙堟豢瓒抽潪璨犳浠�锛屽嵆鏈� (i=1,鈥�,m)锛屽墖绋卞畠鐐�(LP)鐨勪竴鍊� 銆�
4. 绶氭€ц(gu墨)鍔冨晱椤岀殑妯欐簴褰㈠紡鐨勭壒榛炵偤鐩鍑芥暩(sh霉)姹傛渶灏忓€�銆� 銆� 鍜屽彸绔父鏁�(sh霉)闋呴兘闈炶矤銆�
5. 妯归€i€�锛屼絾涓嶅瓨鍦� 銆�
6. 濡傛灉鏌愪竴鏁存暩(sh霉)瑕�(gu墨)鍔冿細
Min Z=-7X1-9X2
-X1 +3X2 鈮� 6
7X1 + X2 鈮� 35
X1, X2 鈮� 0涓斿潎鐐烘暣鏁�(sh霉)
鎵€灏嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勭窔鎬ц(gu墨)鍔冿紙鏉惧紱鍟忛锛夌殑鏈€鍎�(y艒u)瑙g偤X1=9/2锛孹2=7/2锛孧in Z=-63锛屾垜鍊戠従(xi脿n)鍦ㄨ灏峏1閫茶鍒嗘灊锛屾噳(y墨ng)瑭插垎鐐� 鍜� 銆�
7. 姹傝В闈炶矤璩︽瑠(qu谩n)鍦栫殑鏈€鐭矾寰戝晱椤岀殑杓冨ソ绠楁硶鏄� 銆�
锛堜笁锛夌啊绛旈锛堝叡3灏忛锛屾瘡椤�5鍒�锛屽叡15鍒嗭級
1. 绶氭€ц(gu墨)鍔冨彧瑕佹湁鍙瑙d竴瀹氭湁鍩烘湰鍙瑙c€傞偅涔�锛岃兘鍚︾⒑瀹氫竴瀹氬瓨鍦ㄦ渶鍎�(y艒u)瑙�锛�
2. 宸茬煡鍘熷晱椤屾湁鏈€鍎�(y艒u)瑙o紝閭d箞灏嶅伓鍟忛鍛�锛熷畠鍊戠殑浠€涔堟槸鐩哥瓑鐨�锛�
3. 鐐轰粈涔堣浠讳竴閬嬭几缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)涓嚦灏戝瓨鍦ㄤ竴鍊嬪彲琛屾祦锛�
锛堝洓锛夊缓妯¢锛堝叡2灏忛锛屾瘡椤�10鍒�锛屽叡20鍒嗭級
1. 涓€鍊嬭粖闁撹鍔犲伐3绋浂浠讹紝鍏堕渶瑕侀噺鍒嗗垾鐐�4000浠�銆�5000浠跺拰3500浠�. 杌婇枔鍏�(n猫i)鐝�(xi脿n)鏈�4鑷烘搴�锛岄兘鍙敤渚嗗姞宸ラ€�3绋浂浠�锛屾瘡鑷烘搴婂彲鍒╃敤鐨勫伐鏅傚垎鍒ョ偤1600, 1250, 1800鍜�2000. 姗熷簥i#鍔犲伐闆朵欢j#鎵€闇€宸ユ檪鍜屾垚鏈敱琛�1绲﹀嚭锛屽晱濡備綍瀹夋帓鐢熺敘(ch菐n)锛屾墠鑳戒娇鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鎴愭湰鏈€浣�锛岃珛鍒楀嚭鏁�(sh霉)瀛�(xu茅)妯″瀷锛屼笉闇€瑕佹眰瑙�銆�
琛�1
2. 瀵嚭涓嬪垪绶氭€ц(gu墨)鍔冨晱椤岀殑灏嶅伓鍟忛锛�
Max f =3x1 -2x2-5x3-8x5;
s.t. 2x1 +3x2 -3x3- x4 -5x5 鈮�-2,
x2 -2x3+3x4 +4x5 =-5,
-x1 +2x3 -2x4 -3x5 鈮�-5.
x1 鈮� 0, x2鐒$磩鏉�, x3鈮� 0, x4鈮� 0, x5鐒$磩鏉�.
锛堜簲锛夎▓绠楅锛堝叡5灏忛锛屾瘡椤�15鍒嗭級
1. 鐢ㄥ柈绱斿舰娉曟眰瑙d笅鍒楃窔鎬ц(gu墨)鍔冨晱椤岋細
min f =-5x1 -4x2;
s.t. x1 + 2x2 鈮�6,
2x1 -x2 鈮�4,
5x1 +3x2 鈮�15,
x1 鈮� 0, x2 鈮� 0.
2. 姹傝В琛�2鎵€绲﹂亱杓稿晱椤岋細
(1) 鐢ㄨタ鍖楄娉曟眰鍒濆瑙�锛�
(2) 鐢ㄤ綅鍕㈡硶姹傛渶鍎�(y艒u)瑙c€�
琛�2
3. 鐢ㄥ壊骞抽潰娉曟眰瑙d笅鍒楁暣鏁�(sh霉)瑕�(gu墨)鍔冿細
min f =-3x1 -4x2;
s.t. 2x1 +5x2 +x3 = 15,
2x1 -2x2 +x4 = 5,
xj 鈮� 0, 鏁存暩(sh霉), j=1,2,3,4.
宸茬煡鐩告噳(y墨ng)鐨�(LP)鐨勬渶鍎�(y艒u)鍠磾褰㈣〃濡傝〃3鎵€绀�銆�
琛�3
XB
|
x1
|
x2
|
x3
|
x4
|
|
x2
|
0
|
1
|
1/7
|
-1/7
|
10/7
|
x1
|
1
|
0
|
1/7
|
5/14
|
55/14
|
r
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1/2
|
35/2
|
4. 姹傚湒1涓�v1鑷�v10鐨勬渶鐭矾寰戝拰闀峰害銆�
鍦�1
5. 姹傞亱杓哥恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)鍦栧湒2鐨勬渶澶ф祦鍙婃渶灏忓壊銆�
鍦�2
鍏嶈铂(z茅)鑱叉槑锛氭湰鏂囩郴杞�(zhu菐n)杓夎嚜缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)锛屽鏈変镜鐘�锛岃珛鑱�(li谩n)绯绘垜鍊戠珛鍗冲埅闄�锛屽彟锛氭湰鏂囧儏浠h〃浣滆€呭€嬩汉瑙€榛�锛岃垏鏈恫(w菐ng)绔欑劇闂�(gu膩n)銆傚叾鍘熷壍(chu脿ng)鎬т互鍙婃枃涓櫝杩版枃瀛楀拰鍏�(n猫i)瀹规湭缍�(j墨ng)鏈珯璀夊锛屽皪鏈枃浠ュ強鍏朵腑鍏ㄩ儴鎴栬€呴儴鍒嗗収(n猫i)瀹�銆佹枃瀛楃殑鐪熷鎬�銆佸畬鏁存€�銆佸強鏅傛€ф湰绔欎笉浣滀换浣曚繚璀夋垨鎵胯锛岃珛璁€鑰呭儏浣滃弮鑰�锛屽苟璜嬭嚜琛屾牳瀵︾浉闂�(gu膩n)鍏�(n猫i)瀹�銆�