鍙嬫儏鎻愮ず锛氭湰绔欐彁渚涘叏鍦�400澶氭墍楂樼瓑闄㈡牎鎷涙敹纰╁+銆佸崥澹爺绌剁敓鍏ュ(xu茅)鑰冭│姝峰勾鑰冪爺鐪熼銆佽€冨崥鐪熼銆佺瓟妗堬紝閮ㄥ垎瀛�(xu茅)鏍℃洿鏂拌嚦2012骞�锛�2013骞�锛涘潎鎻愪緵鏀惰不(f猫i)涓嬭級銆� 涓嬭級娴佺▼锛� 鑰冪爺鐪熼 榛�(di菐n)鎿娾€�鑰冪爺瑭﹀嵎鈥濃€濅笅杓�; 鑰冨崥鐪熼 榛�(di菐n)鎿娾€�鑰冨崥瑭﹀嵎搴�鈥� 涓嬭級
2021骞�鍗椾含宸ユキ(y猫)澶у(xu茅)纰╁+鐮旂┒鐢熸嫑鐢熻€冭│澶х侗
611銆婄稖鍚堝寲瀛�(xu茅)銆嬭€冭│澶х侗
涓€銆� 鑰冭│鐨勫熀鏈姹�
瑕佹眰鑰冪敓姣旇純绯荤当(t菕ng)鍦扮悊瑙e拰鎺屾彙銆婄劇姗�(j墨)鑸囧垎鏋愬寲瀛�(xu茅)銆嬨€併€婃湁姗�(j墨)鍖栧(xu茅)銆嬪拰銆婇珮鍒嗗瓙鍖栧(xu茅)銆嬫柟闈㈢殑鍩虹(ch菙)鐞嗚珫銆佸熀鏈煡璀樺拰鍩烘湰鎶€鑳斤紝鑰冨療鑰冪敓灏嶃€婄劇姗�(j墨)鑸囧垎鏋愬寲瀛�(xu茅)銆嬨€併€婃湁姗�(j墨)鍖栧(xu茅)銆嬪拰銆婇珮鍒嗗瓙鍖栧(xu茅)銆嬩腑鍩虹(ch菙)瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)绲�(ji茅)鏋滃拰鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勫垎鏋愬強瑷�(j矛)绠�锛屽煿椁�(y菐ng)瀛�(xu茅)鐢熷(sh铆)浜嬫眰鏄殑浣滈ⅷ(f膿ng)鍜岀瀛�(xu茅)鎬濈董绛夛紝鑳界稖鍚堥亱(y霉n)鐢ㄦ墍瀛�(xu茅)鐭ヨ瓨鍒嗘瀽鍟忛銆佽В姹哄晱椤屼互鍙婅€冩煡鑰冪敓鐭ヨ瓨闈㈢殑寤e害銆�
浜�銆� 鑰冭│鏂规硶鍜岃€冭│鏅�(sh铆)闁�
闁夊嵎鑰冭│锛堣嚜甯惰▓(j矛)绠楀櫒锛�锛岀附鍒�150锛岃€冭│鏅�(sh铆)闁撶偤3灏忔檪(sh铆)銆�
涓�銆� 鍙冭€冩浉鐩紙鍍呬緵鍙冭€冿級
淇炴枌绛�.鐒℃(j墨)鑸囧垎鏋愬寲瀛�(xu茅)(绗笁鐗�).鍖椾含锛氬寲瀛�(xu茅)宸ユキ(y猫)鍑虹増绀�锛�2014.
鎰涜绋嬶細鍗椾含宸ユキ(y猫)澶у(xu茅)鐒℃(j墨)鑸囧垎鏋愬寲瀛�(xu茅)
鐜嬬⿳婵ょ瓑.鏈夋(j墨)鍖栧(xu茅)锛屽ぉ娲ワ細鍗楅枊澶у(xu茅)鍑虹増绀�锛�2009
鏈辩磪杌嶇瓑.鏈夋(j墨)鍖栧(xu茅)(涓枃鐗�).鍖椾含锛氬寲瀛�(xu茅)宸ユキ(y猫)鍑虹増绀撅紝2008.
娼樼浠�.楂樺垎瀛愬寲瀛�(xu茅)锛屽寳浜�锛屽寲瀛�(xu茅)宸ユキ(y猫)鍑虹増绀�锛�2011
鍥�銆� 瑭﹂椤炲瀷锛�
鍖呮嫭濉┖椤�銆侀伕鎿囬銆佹槸闈為銆佸悕瑭炶В鏋愩€佺啊绛旈銆佽▓(j矛)绠楅銆佽珫杩伴绛夐鍨�锛屽苟鏍规摎(j霉)姣忓勾鐨勮€冭│瑕佹眰鍋氱浉鎳�(y墨ng)瑾�(di脿o)鏁�銆�
浜�銆� 鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹瑰強瑕佹眰
銆婄劇姗�(j墨)鑸囧垎鏋愬寲瀛�(xu茅)銆嬪崰姣�40%锛屻€婃湁姗�(j墨)鍖栧(xu茅)銆嬪拰銆婇珮鍒嗗瓙鍖栧(xu茅)銆嬪悇鍗�30锛�銆�
鍏烽珨鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹瑰涓嬶細
绗竴閮ㄥ垎 鐒℃(j墨)鑸囧垎鏋愬寲瀛�(xu茅)
1.1瑾ゅ樊鑸囨暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)铏曠悊
鎳�(y墨ng)鎺屾彙鐨勭煡璀橀粸(di菐n)锛氳宸垏鍋忓樊锛屾簴(zh菙n)纰哄害鑸囩簿瀵嗗害锛屾湁鏁堟暩(sh霉)瀛楀強鍏堕亱(y霉n)绠楄(gu墨)鍓�銆�
1.2 鍘熷瓙绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
鎳�(y墨ng)鎺屾彙鐨勭煡璀橀粸(di菐n)锛氶浕瀛愬洓閲忓瓙鏁�(sh霉)锛屽父瑕嬪厓绱犻浕瀛愭帓甯�锛屽厓绱犲懆鏈熻〃涓懆鏈熴€佹棌鍜屽崁(q奴)鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯�锛屼富鏃忚垏鍓棌锛屽崐寰戣垏闆昏矤(f霉)鎬ц畩鍖栬(gu墨)寰�銆�
1.3 鍒嗗瓙鍜屾櫠楂旂祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
鎳�(y墨ng)鎺屾彙鐨勭煡璀橀粸(di菐n)锛氬寲瀛�(xu茅)閸电殑鍒嗛锛屽児(ji脿)灞ら浕瀛愬皪浜掓枼鐞嗚珫锛屽叡鍍�(ji脿)閸电殑鍍�(ji脿)閸电悊璜栵紙鍚洔鍖栫悊璜栵級锛屽叡鍍�(ji脿)閸电殑鍒嗗瓙杌岄亾鐞嗚珫锛屽垎瀛愰枔浣滅敤鍔涳紙鍚矮閸碉級锛屾櫠楂旂壒鎬ц垏鍒嗛銆�
1.4 鍖栧(xu茅)骞宠 鍙婂弽鎳�(y墨ng)閫熺巼
鎳�(y墨ng)鎺屾彙鐨勭煡璀橀粸(di菐n)锛氬寲瀛�(xu茅)骞宠 鍙婂父鏁�(sh霉)锛屽寲瀛�(xu茅)骞宠 鐨勭Щ鍕曪紝婧跺害绌嶈(gu墨)鍓�锛屽寲瀛�(xu茅)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)閫熺巼锛屾湁鏁堢鎾炲弽鎳�(y墨ng)姗�(j墨)鐞�锛岄樋鍊凹鐑忔柉鏂圭▼锛屾椿鍖栬兘鑸囧偓鍖栧姂銆�
1.5 閰稿牽骞宠 鍙婇吀鍫挎淮瀹�
鎳�(y墨ng)鎺屾彙鐨勭煡璀橀粸(di菐n)锛氶吀鍫胯唱(zh矛)瀛愮悊璜�锛岃唱(zh矛)瀛愭浠讹紝閰稿牽婧舵恫pH杩戜技瑷�(j矛)绠�锛岀珐娌栨憾娑�锛岄吀鍫挎淮瀹氱殑鍩烘湰姒傚康锛岄吀鍫挎淮瀹氭洸绶氳垏婊村畾绐佽簫锛岄吀鍫挎寚绀哄姂璁婅壊鍘熺悊鑸囬伕鎿�锛岄吀鍫挎淮瀹氱浉闂�(gu膩n)瑷�(j矛)绠楋紙鍚贩鍚堝牽鐨勬脯瀹氾級銆�
1.6 閰嶄綅鍖栧悎鐗╁強閰嶄綅婊村畾
鎳�(y墨ng)鎺屾彙鐨勭煡璀橀粸(di菐n)锛氶厤浣嶅寲鍚堢墿鐨勫熀鏈蹇�锛岄厤浣嶅寲鍚堢墿鐨勯爢纾佹€ц垏鍙嶇鎬�锛屾櫠楂斿牬鐞嗚珫鍜屾櫠楂斿牬绌�(w臎n)瀹氬寲鑳�锛孍DTA婊村畾娉曪紝娣峰悎闆㈠瓙鐨勯伕鎿囨€ф淮瀹�锛岄厤浣嶆淮瀹氱殑鐩搁棞(gu膩n)瑷�(j矛)绠椼€�
1.7 姘у寲閭勫師鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍙婃哀鍖栭倓鍘熸淮瀹�
鎳�(y墨ng)鎺屾彙鐨勭煡璀橀粸(di菐n)锛氭哀鍖栭倓鍘熺殑鍩烘湰姒傚康锛屽師闆绘睜锛岄浕妤甸浕浣嶈垏鑳芥柉鐗规柟绋�锛岄珮閷抽吀閴€娉曞拰纰橀噺娉曪紝姘у寲閭勫師婊村畾鐨勭浉闂�(gu膩n)瑷�(j矛)绠�銆�
1.8 娌夋穩鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍙婂叾鍦ㄥ垎鏋愪腑鐨勬噳(y墨ng)鐢�
鎳�(y墨ng)鎺屾彙鐨勭煡璀橀粸(di菐n)锛氭矇娣€鐨勫舰鎴愬強鍚庤檿鐞�锛岄噸閲忔硶锛屽閲忔硶锛堣帿鐖炬硶鍜岀鐖惧搱寰锋硶锛�銆�
1.9 鍩烘湰瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)鎶€鑳�
鎳�(y墨ng)鎺屾彙鐨勭煡璀橀粸(di菐n)锛氬熀绀�(ch菙)鍖栧(xu茅)瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)鐨勫熀鏈搷浣滐紙绋遍噺銆侀亷婵�銆侀噸绲�(ji茅)鏅讹級銆佹淮瀹氬垎鏋愮殑鎿嶄綔娉ㄦ剰浜嬮爡(xi脿ng)銆�
绗簩閮ㄥ垎 鏈夋(j墨)鍖栧(xu茅)
2.1 鏈夋(j墨)鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鍩烘湰姒傚康鍜岀従(xi脿n)璞�
2.1.1鏈夋(j墨)鍖栧悎鐗╃殑 IUPAC 鍛藉悕娉�
2.1.2鏈夋(j墨)鐗╃殑鍚屽垎鐣版(g貌u)鐝�(xi脿n)璞$殑鍒ゆ柗銆佹(bi膩o)瑷�銆佽〃绀烘柟娉曚互鍙婄暟妲�(g貌u)楂旂殑绌�(w臎n)瀹氭€х瓑
2.1.3鏈夋(j墨)鐗╃殑鐗╃悊鎬ц唱(zh矛)鑸囩祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯�
2.1.4鑺抽鎬х殑鍒ゆ柗
2.1.5鍏夎瓬瀛�(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)閲嶉粸(di菐n)鏄传澶栧厜璀�銆佺磪澶栧厜璀�銆佽唱(zh矛)璀滀互鍙婃牳纾佸叡鎸瓬鍦ㄦ脯瀹氭湁姗�(j墨)鐗╃祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)涓殑鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄣ€�
2.2 鏈夋(j墨)鍖栧(xu茅)鐨勫熀鏈弽鎳�(y墨ng)
2.2.1纰�?x矛)婊廔鐨勮嚜鐢卞熀鍙栦唬鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛堢兎鐑�銆佺儻鐑翠互鍙婅姵鐑寸殑伪-H锛�
2.2.2涓嶉=鍜岃剛鑲兇鐨勮Κ闆诲姞鎴愬弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛堢儻銆佺倲锛夎垏鑷敱鍩哄姞鎴�
2.2.3鑺抽鐑寸殑瑕浕鍙栦唬鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)浠ュ強瀹氫綅瑕�(gu墨)寰嬶紙鑺抽鐑�銆侀洔鐠�(hu谩n)鍖栧悎鐗╋級
2.2.4纰抽洔閸电殑瑕牳鍙栦唬鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛堥沟浠g兇銆侀唶銆侀啔銆佽兒銆佺硸椤烇級銆佹秷鍘诲弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛堥沟
浠g兇銆侀唶锛�
2.2.5涓嶉=鍜岀⒊闆滈嵉鐨勮Κ鏍稿姞鎴愯垏鍙栦唬鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛堥啗銆侀叜銆佺晶閰稿強鍏惰鐢熺墿銆佽兒銆佺硸椤烇級锛�
2.2.6姘у寲閭勫師鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛堢兎鐑�銆佷笉椋藉拰鐑�銆佽姵鐑村拰鐑兇鐨勎�-H銆侀唶銆侀厷銆侀啗銆佽兒銆佺硸椤炵瓑鐨勬哀鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛屼笉椋藉拰鐑�銆侀沟浠g兇銆侀厷銆侀啗銆侀叜銆佺晶閰镐互鍙婅鐢熺墿銆佺
鍩哄寲鍚堢墿銆侀洔鐠�(hu谩n)浠ュ強绯栭绛夌殑鍌寲鍔犳矮浠ュ強鍖栧(xu茅)閭勫師锛�
2.2.7鏈夋(j墨)鍖栧悎鐗╄垏閲戝爆鐨勫弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛堢倲鐑�銆侀沟浠g兇銆侀唶銆侀厷銆佺晶閰哥瓑锛�
2.2.8浜岀景鍩哄寲鍚堢墿鐨勫弽鎳�(y墨ng)
2.2.9绺悎鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛堥噸榛�(di菐n)鏄啗閰�銆佺鍩哄寲鍚堢墿浠ュ強閰殑绺悎鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛�
2.2.10閲嶆帓鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛堥噸榛�(di菐n)鏄牷绱嶉唶椤炲嵆纰虫闆㈠瓙閲嶆帓銆佽偀鍗宠矟鍏嬫浖閲嶆帓銆侀湇澶浖闄嶇礆鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍗虫爱鐑殑閲嶆帓銆侀劙浜岄叜閲嶆帓銆佽伅(li谩n)鑻兒鍦ㄥ挤(qi谩ng)閰告浠朵笅閲嶆帓銆佸厠钀婃.閲嶆帓锛夐噸姘寲鍚堢墿鐨勪繚鐣欐爱鍜屾斁姘弽鎳�(y墨ng)
2.2.11鍗�(xi茅)鍚屽弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛堥噸榛�(di菐n)鏄� 4n 闆诲瓙鍜� 6n 闆诲瓙楂旂郴鐨勫懆鐠�(hu谩n)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆侀洐鐑姞鎴愬弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛�銆�
2.3 鏈夋(j墨)鍖栧(xu茅)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勫熀鏈師鐞�
2.3.1褰遍熆鏈夋(j墨)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勫悇绋晥鎳�(y墨ng)锛堣獦灏�(d菐o)鏁堟噳(y墨ng)銆佸叡杌涙晥鎳�(y墨ng)銆佺┖闁撴晥鎳�(y墨ng)銆佸牬鏁堟噳(y墨ng)浠ュ強婧跺姂鏁堟噳(y墨ng)绛夛級锛�
2.3.2鍏稿瀷鐨勬湁姗�(j墨)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)姗�(j墨)鐞嗭紙鑷敱鍩哄彇浠�銆佽Κ闆诲姞鎴�銆佽Κ闆诲彇浠�銆佽Κ鏍稿彇浠�銆�
瑕牳鍔犳垚銆佹秷鍘诲弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆佺⒊姝i洟瀛愰噸鎺掔瓑锛�锛岃€冩牳鐨勮寖鍦嶆槸鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)姗�(j墨)鐞嗙殑
琛ㄩ仈(d谩)銆佷腑闁撻珨鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屽弽鎳�(y墨ng)閫�(j矛n)绋�銆佸弽鎳�(y墨ng)閬庣▼涓殑绔嬮珨鍖栧(xu茅)鍟忛绛�銆�
2.4 鏈夋(j墨)鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鍖栧(xu茅)閼掑畾鏂规硶
2.4.1瀹樿兘鍦�(tu谩n)鐨勯憭瀹氾紙涓嶉=鍜岀兇銆佽嫰鐠�(hu谩n)銆侀沟浠g兇銆侀唶銆侀厷銆侀啗銆侀叜銆佺晶閰稿強鍏惰鐢熺墿銆佺鍩哄寲鍚堢墿銆佽兒銆佺硸绛夛級
2.4.2鍚屼竴椤炲寲鍚堢墿鎴栧悓鍒嗙暟妲�(g貌u)楂斾箣闁撶殑閼掑垾锛堢鐐斿拰閺堜腑鐐旂兇銆侀啗鑸囬叜銆佽姵棣欓啗鑸囪剛鑲啗銆佺敳鍩洪叜鑸囬潪鐢插熀閰€佷集浠插彅楣典唬鐑�銆佷集浠插彅閱囥€佷集浠插彅鑳�銆�
浼徊鍙旂鍩哄寲鍚堢墿銆佷竴鍏冮吀鍜屽鍏冮吀銆侀倓鍘熺硸鑸囬潪閭勫師绯栥€佸皬鐠�(hu谩n)鐑风兇鍜屼笉
椋藉拰鐑�銆佷竴鍏冮唶鑸囧鍏冮唶锛�
2.4.3鏈煡鏈夋(j墨)鐗╃殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍒ゆ柗
锛堝寘鍚厜璀滃(xu茅)鐨勬噳(y墨ng)鐢�锛涙牴鎿�(j霉)鍖栧(xu茅)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勬帹鏂�锛涗簩鑰呯祼(ji茅)鍚堢殑鎺ㄦ柗锛涙秹鍙婂悇椤炴湁姗�(j墨)鍖栧悎鐗╋級
2.5 鏈夋(j墨)鍚堟垚锛堟寚瀹氭垨閬告搰鍘熸枡锛�
2.5.1鍚勯鏈夋(j墨)鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鍚堟垚
2.5.2纰抽張鐨勫闀锋垨绺煭銆佹垚鐠�(hu谩n)鎴栭枊鐠�(hu谩n)
2.5.3瀹樿兘鍦�(tu谩n)涔嬮枔鐨勭浉浜掕綁(zhu菐n)鍖�锛屽寘鎷畼鑳藉湗(tu谩n)鐨勪繚璀�(h霉)銆佸皫(d菐o)鍚戝熀鐨勫紩鍏ョ瓑
2.5.4閲嶈鍖栧悎鐗╂垨鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勬噳(y墨ng)鐢紙绔倲銆佽嫰鐠�(hu谩n)鐨勫彇浠e熀瀹氫綅瑕�(gu墨)寰�銆佹牸姘忚│鍔戙€佺府鍚堝弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆佷笁涔欏強涓欎簩閰搁叝銆侀噸姘寲鍚堢墿銆佺董钂傚笇瑭﹀姂绛夛級
2.6 鏈夋(j墨)鐗╃殑鍒嗛洟鎻愮磾
2.6.1涓嶅悓椤炲瀷锛堝畼鑳藉湗(tu谩n)涓嶅悓锛夊寲鍚堢墿鐨勫垎闆㈢磾鍖�
2.6.2鍚屼竴椤炲瀷鐨勫寲鍚堢墿鐨勫垎闆㈢磾鍖�锛�
濡傜鐐斿拰閺堜腑鐐�銆侀啗鑸囬叜銆佽剛鑲棌鐢插熀閰拰闈炵敳鍩洪叜銆佸悇绱氳兒绛�銆�
2.7 鏈夋(j墨)瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)
鏈夋(j墨)瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)鐨勫熀鏈搷浣滐紙鍚勭ó钂搁ぞ銆佸垎娴併€佽悆鍙�銆侀噸绲�(ji茅)鏅躲€佺啍榛�(di菐n)鍜屾哺榛�(di菐n)鐨勬脯
瀹氱瓑锛夋秹鍙婄殑鍩烘湰鍘熺悊銆佹搷浣滄柟娉�銆佹敞鎰忎簨闋�(xi脿ng)绛�
绗笁閮ㄥ垎 楂樺垎瀛愬寲瀛�(xu茅)
3.1 绶掕珫
3.1.1 鎺屾彙楂樺垎瀛愮殑鍩烘湰姒傚康锛屽父瑕嬪垎椤炴柟娉曪紝甯哥敤鍛藉悕鏂规硶
3.1.2 鎺屾彙鑱氬悎鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勫垎椤炴柟娉曞強鍚勯鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勫ぇ鑷寸壒榛�(di菐n)
3.1.3 鐔熸倝楂樺垎瀛愮瀛�(xu茅)鐨勭櫦(f膩)灞曟娉�
3.2 绺仛鍜岄€愭鑱氬悎
3.2.1 鎺屾彙绶氬瀷绺仛鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勬(j墨)鐞嗙壒寰�锛屽彲閫嗚垏涓嶅彲閫嗘浠朵笅鐨勫嫊鍔涘(xu茅)鏂圭▼锛屽奖闊胯仛鍚堝害鐨勫洜绱犲強鎺у埗鏂规硶鍙婄浉闂�(gu膩n)瑷�(j矛)绠�
3.2.2 鎺屾彙楂斿瀷绺仛鐨勫嚌鑶犵従(xi脿n)璞�
3.2.3 鎺屾彙鑱氶叝銆佽仛閰拌兒銆佽仛纰抽吀閰€佽仛鐮�銆佺挵(hu谩n)姘фü鑴�銆侀厷閱涙ü鑴傜瓑閲嶈閫愭鑱氬悎鐗╃殑鍚堟垚鍘熺悊鍙婄祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鎬ц兘
3.3 鑷敱鍩鸿仛鍚�
3.3.1 鎺屾彙鑷敱鍩鸿仛鍚堝皪鍠珨鐨勮姹�锛屽父鐢ㄧ殑寮曠櫦(f膩)鍔�銆佹(j墨)鐞嗙壒寰�銆佽仛鍚堝井瑙€鍕曞姏瀛�(xu茅)鏂圭▼鍙婃帹灏�(d菐o)閬庣▼锛屽嚌鑶犳晥鎳�(y墨ng)鍙婂畯瑙€鍕曞姏瀛�(xu茅)鍕曞姏瀛�(xu茅)锛屽奖闊胯仛鍚堥€熺巼鐨勫洜绱�
3.3.2 鎺屾彙鑷敱鍩鸿仛鍚堝嫊鍔涘(xu茅)閺堥暦鐨勫惈缇�銆佽〃閬�(d谩)寮�銆佽仛鍚堝害鑸囧嫊鍔涘(xu茅)閺堥暦鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯诲洜褰遍熆鑱氬悎搴﹁垏鍕曞姏瀛�(xu茅)閺堥暦鐨勫洜绱�
3.3.3 鎺屾彙甯歌鑷敱鍩鸿仛鍚堢墿鐨勫悎鎴�锛岃嚜鐢卞熀鑱氬悎鐨勫父瑕嬬殑闃昏仛鍔戣垏绶╄仛鍔�锛屽父瑕嬬殑闃昏仛姗�(j墨)鐞�
3.4 鑷敱鍩哄叡鑱氬悎
3.4.1 鎺屾彙浜屽厓鍏辫仛鐗╃殑椤炲瀷鍙婂懡鍚嶏紝浜屽厓鍏辫仛鐗╃祫鎴愭柟绋嬪強鍏辫仛鐗╃祫鎴愭洸绶�
3.4.2 鎺屾彙绔惰仛鐜囩殑鎰忕京鍙婂奖闊垮洜绱�锛孮-e鐨勬蹇靛強鍏辫仛琛岀偤鍒ゅ畾
3.4.3 鎺屾彙鍠珨鍜岃嚜鐢卞熀鐨勬椿鎬у強鍙栦唬鍩哄皪鍠珨鍜岃嚜鐢卞熀娲绘€х殑褰遍熆
3.5 鑱氬悎鏂规硶
3.5.1 鎺屾彙姣忕ó鑱氬悎鏂规硶鐨勫畾缇�銆佺壒榛�(di菐n)銆佽仛鍚堟(j墨)鐞�銆佽仛鍚堝牬鎵€銆侀厤鏂逛富瑕佹垚鍒嗗強浣滅敤
3.5.2 鎺屾彙姣忕ó鑱氬悎鏂规硶鐨勫吀鍨嬭仛鍚堢墿鐨勫悎鎴愰亷绋�
3.6闆㈠瓙鑱氬悎
3.6.1 鎺屾彙闄伴櫧闆㈠瓙鑱氬悎鐨勫柈楂�銆佸紩鐧�(f膩)楂旂郴鍙婃椿鎬хó鐨勫舰寮�锛岃仛鍚堟(j墨)鐞嗗強鐗归粸(di菐n)锛岄洟瀛愯仛鍚堣垏鑷敱鍩鸿仛鍚堢殑鍗€(q奴)鍒�
3.6.2 鎺屾彙鍏稿瀷闄伴櫧闆㈠瓙鑱氬悎鐗╃殑鍚堟垚锛屾椿鎬ч櫚闆㈠瓙鑱氬悎鐨勫師鐞�
3.6.3 鐔熸倝闄伴櫧闆㈠瓙鑱氬悎鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍕曞姏瀛�(xu茅)鍙婂奖闊块櫚闄介洟瀛愯仛鍚堝害鐨勫洜绱�
3.7 闁嬬挵(hu谩n)鑱氬悎
3.7.1 鎺屾彙闁嬬挵(hu谩n)鑱氬悎鐨勫父瑕嬪柈楂斿強鐩告噳(y墨ng)寮曠櫦(f膩)鍔戦珨绯�
3.7.2 鐔熸倝涓夊厓鐠�(hu谩n)閱氱殑闄伴洟瀛�銆侀櫧闆㈠瓙闁嬬挵(hu谩n)鑱氬悎姗�(j墨)鐞嗭紝宸卞収(n猫i)閰拌兒鐨勯櫚闆㈠瓙闁嬬挵(hu谩n)鑱氬悎姗�(j墨)鐞�
3.8鑱氬悎鐗╃殑鍖栧(xu茅)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)
3.8.1鎺屾彙鑱氬悎鐗╃殑鍖栧(xu茅)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勫父瑕嬮鍨�锛岃仛鍚堢墿鐨勫熀鍦�(tu谩n)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛岃仛鍚堢墿闄嶈В鐨勫師鍥犲強鏂瑰紡
3.8.2 鐔熸倝浜よ伅(li谩n)銆佹帴鏋濄€佸祵娈靛叡鑱�銆佹摯(ku貌)閺堢瓑鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勭壒榛�(di菐n)鍙婂師鐞�
鍏嶈铂(z茅)鑱叉槑锛氭湰鏂囩郴杞�(zhu菐n)杓夎嚜缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)锛屽鏈変镜鐘�锛岃珛鑱�(li谩n)绯绘垜鍊戠珛鍗冲埅闄�锛屽彟锛氭湰鏂囧儏浠h〃浣滆€呭€�(g猫)浜鸿榛�(di菐n)锛岃垏鏈恫(w菐ng)绔欑劇闂�(gu膩n)銆傚叾鍘熷壍(chu脿ng)鎬т互鍙婃枃涓櫝杩版枃瀛楀拰鍏�(n猫i)瀹规湭缍�(j墨ng)鏈珯璀夊(sh铆)锛屽皪鏈枃浠ュ強鍏朵腑鍏ㄩ儴鎴栬€呴儴鍒嗗収(n猫i)瀹�銆佹枃瀛楃殑鐪熷(sh铆)鎬с€佸畬鏁存€�銆佸強鏅�(sh铆)鎬ф湰绔欎笉浣滀换浣曚繚璀夋垨鎵胯锛岃珛璁€鑰呭儏浣滃弮鑰�锛屽苟璜嬭嚜琛屾牳瀵�(sh铆)鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鍏�(n猫i)瀹广€�