鑰冭│绉戠洰锛�  鏈夋(j墨)鍖栧(xu茅)A              浠ｇ⒓锛�926                   

鑰冭│鍩烘湰瑕佹眰

鏈€婃湁姗�(j墨)鍖栧(xu茅)銆嬭€冭│澶х侗閬╃敤浜庢湰鏍″寲瀛�(xu茅)鏂瑰悜鐨勭ⅸ澹爺绌剁敓鍏ュ(xu茅)鑰冭│銆傛湁姗�(j墨)鍖栧(xu茅)鏄寲瀛�(xu茅)鐨勯噸瑕佸垎鏋濓紝鏄ū澶氬(xu茅)绉戝皥妤�(y猫)鐨勫熀绀�(ch菙)鐞嗚珫瑾茬▼锛屽畠瑕佹眰鑰冪敓灏嶅叾鍩烘湰姒傚康鏈夎純娣卞叆鐨勪簡瑙ｏ紝鑳藉绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勬帉鎻″悇椤炴湁姗�(j墨)鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鍛藉悕銆佺祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗归粸(di菐n)銆佹€ц唱(zh矛)銆佸弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆佷締婧愬拰鍒跺倷鏂规硶绛夊収(n猫i)瀹�锛涜兘瀹屾垚鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆佺祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)閼掑畾銆佸埗鍌欏悎鎴愮瓑鍚勯鍟忛锛涚啛鎮夊吀鍨嬬殑鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)姝风▼鍙婃蹇�锛涗簡瑙ｅ寲瀛�(xu茅)閸电殑鍩烘湰姒傚康锛屽垵姝ユ帉鎻＄⒊姝ｉ洟瀛愮瓑涓枔楂旂殑鐩稿皪娲绘€у強鍏朵綔鐢�锛涜兘鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄩ浕瀛愭晥鎳�(y墨ng)鍜岀┖闁撴晥鎳�(y墨ng)渚嗚В閲嬩竴浜涙湁姗�(j墨)鍖栧悎鐗╃殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鑸囨€ц兘鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯伙紱浜嗚В鏍哥鍏辨尟璀滃強绱呭鍏夎瓬鐨勫熀鏈師鐞嗗強鍏跺湪娓畾鏈夋(j墨)鍖栧悎鐗╃祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)涓殑鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�銆傚叿鏈夌稖鍚堥亱(y霉n)鐢ㄦ墍瀛�(xu茅)鐭ヨ瓨鍒嗘瀽鍟忛鍙婅В姹哄晱椤岀殑鑳藉姏銆�

鑰冭│鍩烘湰鍏�(n猫i)瀹�

1.        鏈夋(j墨)鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鍚屽垎鐣版(g貌u)鍙婂懡鍚�銆�

鏈夋(j墨)鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鍚屽垎鐣版(g貌u)鐝�(xi脿n)璞�锛涙湁姗�(j墨)鍖栧悎鐗╃祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)寮忕殑鍚勭ó琛ㄧず鏂规硶锛涚珛楂斿寲瀛�(xu茅)鐨勫熀鏈蹇�锛涙湁姗�(j墨)鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鏅€氬懡鍚嶅強鍦嬮殯IUPAC鍛藉悕鍘熷墖銆�

2.        鏈夋(j墨)鍖栧(xu茅)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆�

閲嶈瀹樿兘鍦�(tu谩n)鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鍏稿瀷鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍙婄浉浜掕綁(zhu菐n)鎻涚殑甯哥敤鏂规硶锛涢噸瑕佸畼鑳藉湗(tu谩n)鍖栧悎鐗╁寘鎷儻鐑�銆佺倲鐑淬€侀沟浠ｇ兇銆佽姵鐑淬€侀唶銆侀厷銆侀啔銆侀啗閰�銆佺晶閰稿強鍏惰鐢熺墿銆佽兒鍙婂叾浠栧惈姘寲鍚堢墿绛�锛涗富瑕佹湁姗�(j墨)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍖呮嫭鍙栦唬鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆佸姞鎴愬弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆佹秷闄ゅ弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆佺府鍚堝弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆佹哀鍖栭倓鍘熷弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆侀噸鎺掑弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆佽嚜鐢卞熀鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆佸懆鐠�(hu谩n)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)绛�銆�

3.        鏈夋(j墨)鍖栧(xu茅)鐨勫熀鏈悊璜栧強鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)姗�(j墨)鐞�銆�

瑾樺皫(d菐o)鏁堟噳(y墨ng)銆佸叡杌涙晥鎳�(y墨ng)銆佽秴鍏辫粵鏁堟噳(y墨ng)銆佺珛楂旀晥鎳�(y墨ng)锛涚⒊姝ｉ洟瀛�銆佺⒊璨�(f霉)闆㈠瓙銆佺⒊鑷敱鍩�銆佸崱璩撶瓑娲绘€т腑闁撻珨锛涘叡鎸珫锛涙湁姗�(j墨)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)姗�(j墨)鐞嗙殑琛ㄩ仈(d谩)銆�

4.        鏈夋(j墨)鍚堟垚銆�

瀹樿兘鍦�(tu谩n)灏�(d菐o)鍏ャ€佽綁(zhu菐n)鎻�銆佷繚璀�(h霉)锛涚⒊纰抽嵉褰㈡垚鍙婃柗瑁傜殑鍩烘湰鏂规硶銆�

5.        鏈夋(j墨)鍖栧悎鐗╃殑甯哥敤鐨勫寲瀛�(xu茅)銆佺墿鐞嗛憭瀹氭柟娉�銆�

甯歌瀹樿兘鍦�(tu谩n)鐨勭壒寰佸寲瀛�(xu茅)閼掑垾鏂规硶锛涘父瑕嬫湁姗�(j墨)鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鏍哥鍏辨尟璀滐紙1H NMR锛夎瓬瀛�(xu茅)鐗瑰緛銆�

鑰冭│瑕佹眰锛堣姹傛帉鎻″拰浜嗚В鐨勫悇绔犲収(n猫i)瀹癸級

绗竴绔� 绶掕珫

1.1 浜嗚В鏈夋(j墨)鍖栧悎鐗╃殑娑电京銆佹湁姗�(j墨)鍖栧(xu茅)鍙婂叾鐧�(f膩)灞曠啊鍙�銆佹湁姗�(j墨)鍖栧(xu茅)鐨勯噸瑕佹€�銆�

1.2 鐔熸倝骞舵帉鎻℃湁姗�(j墨)鍖栧悎鐗╃殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鑸囩壒鎬�銆�

鍏卞児(ji脿)閸电殑鏈唱(zh矛)锛涘叡鍍�(ji脿)閸电殑鍙冩暩(sh霉)锛涙湁姗�(j墨)鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鐗规€э紱妲�(g貌u)鍨嬭垏妲�(g貌u)璞�锛涘叡鍍�(ji脿)閸垫柗瑁傛柟寮忓拰鏈夋(j墨)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)椤炲瀷锛涙湁姗�(j墨)鍖栧悎鐗╃殑閰稿牽姒傚康銆�

1.3 浜嗚В鏈夊寲鍚堢墿鐨勫垎椤�銆�

绗簩绔� 鐑风兇

2.1 鎺屾彙鐑风兇鐨勫垎椤炪€佸懡鍚�銆佺祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佸悓绯诲垪鍜屽悓鍒嗙暟妲�(g貌u)鐝�(xi脿n)璞°€�

浜嗚В鐢茬兎鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛涢洔鍖栥€佹(g貌u)鍨嬫蹇碉紱浜嗚В妲�(g貌u)璞″強鐩镐簰杞�(zhu菐n)璁婇棞(gu膩n)绯�銆�

2.2 浜嗚В鐑风兇鐨勯噸瑕佺墿鐞嗘€ц唱(zh矛)锛屾帉鎻″垎瀛愮祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)灏嶇墿鐞嗗寲瀛�(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)鐨勫奖闊裤€�

2.3 鐞嗚В鐑风兇鐨勯沟浠ｅ弽鎳�(y墨ng)姝风▼锛岄沟浠ｅ弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勯伕鎿囨€ц窡鑷敱鍩虹┅(w臎n)瀹氭€х殑闂�(gu膩n)绯汇€�

绗笁绔� 鐑兇

3.1 鎺屾彙鍠儻鐑寸殑鍒嗛銆佸懡鍚�銆佺祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍙婂悓鍒嗙暟妲�(g貌u)鐝�(xi脿n)璞°€�

鎺屾彙鐑兇鐨勫悓鍒嗙暟妲�(g貌u)楂斿拰鍛藉悕锛岄爢鍙嶇暟妲�(g貌u)楂旂殑鍛藉悕銆侀爢/鍙�銆乑/E绛�銆�

3.2 鎺屾彙鍠儻鐑寸殑閲嶈鍖栧(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)鍙婂弽鎳�(y墨ng)瑕�(gu墨)寰嬨€�

鎺屾彙瑕浕鍔犳垚鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)姝风▼銆佹捍閹撻洟瀛�銆佽Κ闆昏│鍔�銆侀Μ姘忚(gu墨)鍓囥€佽獦灏�(d菐o)鏁堟噳(y墨ng)锛岄亷姘у寲鐗╂晥鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勮В閲�銆侀Μ鐖惧彲澶凹鍙か瑕�(gu墨)鍓�銆佸姞鎴愬弽鎳�(y墨ng)涓殑纰虫闆㈠瓙銆佺⒊姝ｉ洟瀛愮殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍙婃€ц唱(zh矛)銆�

3.3 鐑殑渚嗘簮鍜屽埗鍌�銆�

鎺屾彙閱囩殑鑴按銆侀沟浠ｇ兇鑴沟鍖栨矮銆侀劙浜岄沟浠ｇ兎鑴沟绱犲埗鍌欑儻鐑�銆�

绗洓绔� 鐐旂兇鍜屼簩鐑兇

4.1 鎺屾彙鐐旂兇鐨勫垎椤�銆佸懡鍚嶃€�

4.2 鎺屾彙鐐旂兇閲嶈鐗╃悊鍖栧(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)鍙婂弽鎳�(y墨ng)瑕�(gu墨)寰�銆�

鍔犳垚鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛涜垏鍫块噾灞強娑叉皑閭勫師鍔犳垚锛涙哀鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛涚倲閸电⒊涓婄殑姘師瀛愮殑鎬ц唱(zh矛)鍜岄憭瀹氥€�

4.3 浜嗚В鐐旂殑鍒跺倷鏂规硶鍙婄敤閫�銆�

4.4 鎺屾彙鍏辫粵浜岀儻鐑寸壒鍒ユ槸1锛�3-涓佷簩鐑殑鎬ц唱(zh矛)銆佺祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗归粸(di菐n)鍙婄敤閫�銆�

鍏辫粵浜岀儻鐑寸殑鍒嗗瓙绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛氶洟鍩熼嵉銆侀洟鍩熻兘銆佸叡杌涙晥鎳�(y墨ng)锛涘叡杌涗簩鐑兇鐨勫寲瀛�(xu茅)鐗规€у寘鎷�1,4-鍔犳垚鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆佺媱鑰虫柉-闃跨埦寰凤紙Diels-Alder锛夌挵(hu谩n)鍔犳垚鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆佽仛鍚堝弽鎳�(y墨ng)绛�銆�

绗簲绔� 鑴傜挵(hu谩n)鐑�

5.1 鎺屾彙甯歌鑴傜挵(hu谩n)鐑寸殑鍛藉悕瑕�(gu墨)鍓�銆�

5.2 鎺屾彙灏忕挵(hu谩n)鐨勫嫉鍔涘強绌�(w臎n)瀹氭€э紝鑴傜挵(hu谩n)鐑寸殑妲�(g貌u)鍨嬭垏妲�(g貌u)璞＄瓑銆�

绗叚绔� 鑺崇兇

6.1 鎺屾彙鑺抽鐑撮鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鍛藉悕鍜岀祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛岃姵棣欐€у強绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛銆�

鍏辨尟璜栫啊浠嬶紝鑺抽鎬цВ閲�锛涘柈鐠�(hu谩n)鑺抽鐑寸殑鐣版(g貌u)鐝�(xi脿n)璞″拰鍛藉悕銆�

6.2 鎺屾彙鑺崇兇椤炲寲鍚堢墿鐨勯噸瑕佹€ц唱(zh矛)锛岃嫰鐨勫弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛屽彇浠ｅ弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勫畾浣嶈(gu墨)寰�銆佸彇浠ｆ晥鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勮В閲嬶紝骞惰兘鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄥ湪鏈夋(j墨)鍚堟垚涓�銆�

鍙栦唬鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍖呮嫭楣典唬銆佺鍖�銆佺：鍖�銆佸倕-鍏嬶紙Fridel-Crafts锛夊弽鎳�(y墨ng)绛�锛涜嫰鐠�(hu谩n)瑕浕鍙栦唬鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)姝风▼锛埼�-绲�(lu貌)鍚堢墿锛�锛涜嫰鐠�(hu谩n)涓婂彇浠ｅ弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勫畾浣嶈(gu墨)寰嬶紙鐞嗚珫瑙ｉ噵鍜屽悎鎴愪笂鐨勬噳(y墨ng)鐢級銆佽秴鍏辫粵鏁堟噳(y墨ng)锛涢沟绱狅紙Cl锛夌敳鍩哄寲鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛屼集濂囬倓鍘熷弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛屾哀鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)绛夈€�

6.3 浜嗚В鑻�銆佺敳鑻�銆佽悩鐨勬€ц唱(zh矛)鍙婇噸瑕佺敤閫�锛屼簡瑙ｅ鐠�(hu谩n)鑺抽鍖栧悎鐗╁拰闈炶嫰鑺抽楂旂郴銆�

鎺屾彙钀樼殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛屽彇浠ｅ弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛屽姞鎴愬弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛屾哀鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛涗簡瑙ｈ捊鍜岃彶鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屾€ц唱(zh矛)銆�

6.4 浜嗚В闈炶嫰鑺崇兇锛屼紤鍏嬬埦锛圚uckel锛夎(gu墨)鍓囧強鍏舵噳(y墨ng)鐢�銆�

绗竷绔� 绔嬮珨鍖栧(xu茅)

7.1 浜嗚В灏嶆槧鐣版(g貌u)鐝�(xi脿n)璞°€佺墿璩�(zh矛)鐨勬棆鍏夋€ц垏鍒嗗瓙绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯�銆�

鎵嬫€�(Chiral)銆佸皪绋卞洜绱狅紙灏嶇ū闈�銆佸皪绋变腑蹇冿級銆佸钩闈㈠亸鎸厜鍜屾棆鍏夋€с€佹棆鍏夊剙鍜屾瘮鏃嬪厜搴�銆�

7.2 鐔熸倝鍚湁鎵嬫€х⒊鍘熷瓙鍖栧悎鐗╃殑灏嶆槧鐣版(g貌u)銆�

鍚湁涓€鍊嬫墜鎬х⒊鍘熷瓙鍖栧悎鐗╃殑灏嶆槧鐣版(g貌u)銆佸皪鏄犻珨銆佸娑堟棆楂�銆佽不(f猫i)姝囩埦锛團ischer锛夋姇褰卞紡锛屾帉鎻℃(g貌u)鍨嬬殑R/S娉曪紙娆″簭瑕�(gu墨)鍓囷級銆佷簡瑙/L娉�锛涘惈鍏╁€嬫墜鎬х⒊鍘熷瓙鍖栧悎鐗╃殑灏嶆槧鐣版(g貌u)锛堥潪灏嶆槧楂�銆佸収(n猫i)娑堟棆楂旓級锛涗簡瑙ｄ笉鍚墜鎬х⒊鍘熷瓙鍖栧悎鐗╃殑灏嶆槧鐣版(g貌u)銆�

7.3 浜嗚В澶栨秷鏃嬮珨銆佹媶鍒嗗拰涓嶅皪绋卞悎鎴�銆�

绗叓绔� 楣典唬鐑�

8.1 浜嗚В楣典唬鐑寸殑鍒嗛鍙婂懡鍚�銆佺祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佸悓鍒嗙暟妲�(g貌u)鍜岀墿鐞嗘€ц唱(zh矛)銆�

8.2 鎺屾彙楣典唬鐑寸殑閲嶈鍖栧(xu茅)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆�

鍙栦唬鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍖呮嫭姘磋В銆侀唶瑙�銆佹皑瑙�銆佽垏纭濋吀閵€鍙婃鞍鍖栭垑鐨勫弽鎳�(y墨ng)绛夛紱娑堝幓鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勬湱渚濆垏澶紙Saytzeff锛夎(gu墨)鍓�锛涜垏閲戝爆鐨勫弽鎳�(y墨ng)鍖呮嫭鏍兼皬锛圙rignard锛夎│鍔戠瓑锛涙帉鎻￠＝鍜岀⒊鍘熷瓙涓婄殑瑕牳鍙栦唬鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍙栦唬鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勯洟瀛愭(j墨)鐞哠N1銆丼N2锛涙秷闄ゅ弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勬(j墨)鐞咵1銆丒2锛涜Κ鏍稿彇浠ｇ殑绔嬮珨鍖栧(xu茅)锛涚兇鍩虹祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆侀洟鍘诲熀鍦�(tu谩n)灏嶈Κ鏍稿彇浠ｅ弽鎳�(y墨ng)閫熷害鐨勫奖闊�锛涚祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鑸囧弽鎳�(y墨ng)娲绘€х殑闂�(gu膩n)绯伙紙鑴傝偑鐑磋垏鑺抽鐑村皪姣�锛屼集浠插彅灏嶆瘮绛夛級銆�

8.3 鎺屾彙骞剧ó閲嶈鐨勯沟浠ｇ兇鍒跺倷鏂规硶銆�

鐢辩兇鍒跺倷銆佺敱閱囧埗鍌欍€侀沟浠ｇ兇鐨勪簰鎻涚瓑銆�

绗節绔� 閱囪垏閰�

9.1 鐔熸倝閱�銆侀厷鐨勫垎椤�銆佸懡鍚嶅拰绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆�

9.2 鎺屾彙閱�銆侀厷鐨勯噸瑕佹€ц唱(zh矛)鍜屽弽鎳�(y墨ng)瑕�(gu墨)寰�銆�

姘嵉锛涢唶鑸囩殑閰氱殑閰告€у皪姣�锛涚啛鎮夋帉鎻￠唶鑸囨椿娼戦噾灞殑鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛岃垏楣靛寲纾凤紙鎴栦簽纭叞姘級鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛岄叞姘拰閰搁厫绛夌殑鎴愰叝鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛岃劔姘村弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛屾哀鍖栧拰鑴矮鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛岀浉閯颁簩閱囩壒鏈夌殑鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆侀牷閭ｉ唶閲嶆帓銆佺茎鍩鸿缃彌鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛堥劙鍩哄弮鑸囨晥鎳�(y墨ng)锛夌瓑锛涙帉鎻℃秷鍘诲弽鎳�(y墨ng)姝风▼鍖呮嫭尾-娑堝幓鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)姝风▼锛屾秷闄ゅ弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勫彇鍚戯紝鑸囪Κ鏍稿彇浠ｅ弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勭鐖瓑锛涙帉鎻￠厷缇ュ熀鐨勬€ц唱(zh矛)鍖呮嫭寮遍吀鎬с€侀厷閱氱殑鐢熸垚銆侀’鑹插弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛團eCl3锛夌瓑锛涜嫰鐠�(hu谩n)涓婅Κ闆诲彇浠ｅ弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛屾哀鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆�

9.3 浜嗚В閱囥€侀厷涓噸瑕佺殑鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鎬ц唱(zh矛)銆佸悎鎴愭柟娉曞強鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄣ€�

鎺屾彙閱囩殑鍒舵硶鍖呮嫭楣典唬鐑存按瑙ｏ紝閱�銆侀叜鐨勯倓鍘燂紝鐢辨牸姘忚│鍔戝悎鎴�锛岀儻鐑寸殑缇ユ睘鍖栵紱閱囩殑閼掑垾绛�銆傛帉鎻￠厷椤炲寲鍚堢墿鐨勫悇绋悎鎴愭柟娉曘€�

绗崄绔� 閱氬拰鐠�(hu谩n)姘у寲鍚堢墿

10.1 鐔熸倝閱氱殑鍒嗛銆佸懡鍚嶅拰绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆�

10.2 鎺屾彙閱氱殑閲嶈鎬ц唱(zh矛)鍜屽弽鎳�(y墨ng)瑕�(gu墨)寰�銆�

閱氶嵉鐨勬柗瑁�銆侀亷姘у寲鐗╃殑鐢熸垚绛�锛孋laisen閲嶆帓鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆�

10.3 浜嗚В閱氱殑鍚堟垚鏂规硶鍙婃噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄣ€�

閱氱殑鍒舵硶鍖呮嫭閱囩殑鑴按锛屽▉寤夊閬滐紙Williamson锛夋硶绛�銆�

10.4 鐠�(hu谩n)姘у寲鍚堢墿鐨勯枊鐠�(hu谩n): 鎺屾彙閰告€ч枊鐠�(hu谩n)鑸囧牽鎬ч枊鐠�(hu谩n)銆�

鎺屾彙闁嬬挵(hu谩n)鐨勬柟鍚戣垏绔嬮珨鍖栧(xu茅)銆�

绗崄涓€绔� 閱涜垏閰�

11.1 鎺屾彙閱�銆侀叜鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鍒嗛銆佸懡鍚�銆佺祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍙婄暟妲�(g貌u)銆佺墿鎬у強鍏夎瓬鐗规€�銆�

11.2 鎺屾彙閱�銆侀叜椤炵景鍩哄寲鍚堢墿鐨勯噸瑕佹€ц唱(zh矛)鍜屽弽鎳�(y墨ng)瑕�(gu墨)寰�銆�

鐔熸倝骞舵帉鎻¤垏鍚哀銆佸惈纭�銆佸惈纰�銆佸惈姘Κ鏍歌│鍔戠殑鍔犳垚鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍙婂弽鎳�(y墨ng)姝风▼锛屽姞鎴�-娑堝幓鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)姝风▼锛屽奖闊跨景鍩烘椿鎬х殑鍥犵礌銆傚寘鎷姞HCN銆丯aHSO3銆丷SH銆丷MgX銆丷OH銆丠2O锛岃垏鏈夋(j墨)鑳哄強鍏惰鐢熺墿鐨勫姞鎴愮府鍚堝弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛岃垏姘ㄥ強琛嶇敓鐗�锛浳�-姘師瀛愮殑鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍖呮嫭楣典唬锛堥沟浠垮弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛�銆佺茎閱涚府鍚�锛涙帉鎻″叾姘у寲閭勫師鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍖呮嫭鎵樺€紙Tollens锛夎│鍔戙€佽不(f猫i)鏋楋紙Fehling锛夎│鍔戠瓑鐨勬哀鍖栦互鍙奌2锛孡iAlH4锛孨aBH4锛孊2H6锛孼n/Hg/H+锛孨H2NH2/KOH绛夌殑閭勫師鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛涙鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)绛�銆�

11.3 鐔熸倝閲嶈閱涖€侀叜鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鎬ц唱(zh矛)銆佸悎鎴愭柟娉曞拰鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�銆�

鎺屾彙閱涖€侀叜鐨勫埗娉曞寘鎷唶鐨勬哀鍖�銆佺兇鐨勬哀鍖栵紝鍋曚簩楣典唬鐗╃殑姘磋В锛屽倕-鍏�?锛涱姮顕；?y墨ng)锛岀倲鐑寸殑缇板熀鍖栵紝缇ч吀鍙婂叾琛嶇敓鐗╃殑閭勫師锛涜矟鍏嬫浖锛圔eckmann锛夐噸鎺掑弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛涚啛鎮壩�锛屛�-涓嶉＝鍜岄啗閰殑鐗规€�銆�

绗崄浜岀珷 鏍哥鍏辨尟姘瓬鍙婄磪澶栧厜璀�

12.1 浜嗚В鏍哥鍏辨尟鐨勫熀鏈師鐞�锛屾帉鎻＄啊鍠吀鍨嬪寲鍚堢墿鐨勬牳纾佸叡鎸瓬鍓栨瀽銆�

灞忚斀鏁堟噳(y墨ng)鍜屽寲瀛�(xu茅)浣嶇Щ锛屽嘲闈㈢⿳鐨勫挤(qi谩ng)搴﹁垏璩�(zh矛)瀛愭暩(sh霉)锛岃嚜鏃嬪伓鍚堣垏鑷棆瑁傚垎锛涚瓑鍍�(ji脿)璩�(zh矛)瀛愯垏闈炵瓑鍍�(ji脿)璩�(zh矛)瀛愶紝鍋跺悎甯告暩(sh霉)锛岃兘澶犲埄鐢ㄤ俊鎭苟绲�(ji茅)鍚堢啊鍠寲瀛�(xu茅)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍘诲垽鏂疯純鐐哄京(f霉)闆滅殑鍖栧悎鐗╃殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆�

12.2 浜嗚В閸电殑鎬ц唱(zh矛)鑸囩磪澶栧惛鏀堕枔鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯�锛涗簡瑙ｅ奖闊跨磪澶栧惛鏀剁殑鍥犵礌锛涙帉鎻″父瑕嬪畼鑳藉湗(tu谩n)鐨勭壒寰佸惛鏀堕牷鐜囷紱鐞嗚В鍏稿瀷IR璀滃湒瀵�(sh铆)渚嬪垎鏋愭柟娉�銆�

绗崄涓夌珷 缇ч吀鍙婂叾琛嶇敓鐗�

13.1 浜嗚В缇ч吀鍙婂叾琛嶇敓鐗╃殑鍒嗛鍜屽懡鍚嶃€�

13.2 鎺屾彙缇ч吀鐨勯噸瑕佹€ц唱(zh矛)銆�

鐔熸倝缇ч吀鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鑸囬吀鎬�锛涚晶鍩轰腑姘師瀛愮殑鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛堝彇浠ｅ熀灏嶉吀鎬х殑褰遍熆銆佽獦灏�(d菐o)鏁堟噳(y墨ng)锛�銆佸舰鎴愰吀楣点€侀叝銆侀叞鑳�銆佽劔缇�銆佄�-H鐨勯沟浠ｅ弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆侀倓鍘燂紙琚矮鍖栭媮閶伴倓鍘燂級銆侀叝鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勬(j墨)鐞嗙瓑銆�

13.3 鐔熸倝缇ч吀鐨勫埗鍌欐柟娉曞強鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�銆�

鐢辩兇銆佷集閱囨垨閱涚殑姘у寲锛涚敱閰埗鍌�锛涚敱鑵堟按瑙ｅ強閲戝爆鏈夋(j墨)瑭﹀姂鍚堟垚濡傛牸寮忚│鍔戝埗鍌欑瓑銆傜啛鎮夐沟浠ｇ晶閰哥殑鍚堟垚鑸囧弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆�

13.4 鐔熸倝缇ч吀琛嶇敓鐗╃殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)姣旇純銆佺墿鐞嗗拰鍖栧(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)銆佸弽鎳�(y墨ng)鍜屽埗鍌�銆�

鎺屾彙缇ч吀琛嶇敓鐗╃殑鍖栧(xu茅)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍙婂叾鐩镐簰杞�(zhu菐n)鍖栧寘鎷Κ鏍稿彇浠ｅ弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛堝姞鎴�-娑堝寲鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)姝风▼锛�銆佹按瑙�銆侀唶瑙�銆佹皑瑙ｇ殑姝风▼锛涜垏閲戝爆瑭﹀姂鐨勫弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛涚晶閰歌鐢熺墿鐨勯倓鍘�锛涢叝绺悎鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛涢湇澶浖锛圚ofmann锛夐檷瑙ｅ弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆�

绗崄鍥涚珷 娑夊強缇ч吀琛嶇敓鐗┪�-纰宠矤(f霉)闆㈠瓙鍙冭垏鐨勫弽鎳�(y墨ng)

14.1 尾-浜岀景鍩哄寲鍚堢墿鐨勭壒鎬у強鍦ㄥ悎鎴愪笂鐨勬噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄣ€�

尾-浜岀晶鍩哄寲鍚堢墿鐨勭壒鎬�銆佷笝浜岄吀閰悎鎴愭硶銆佷箼閰颁箼閰镐箼閰悎鎴愭硶銆�1, 3-浜岀晶鍩哄寲鍚堢墿鐨勭兎鍩哄寲鍜�?锛涱姮?銆侀叝绺悎鐨勯€嗗悜鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)绛�銆�

14.2 鎺屾彙楹ュ厠鐖惧姞鎴愬弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勫師鐞嗚垏鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�銆�

绗崄浜旂珷 鍚爱鍖栧悎鐗�

15.1 鎺屾彙鑳洪鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鍒嗛銆佸懡鍚嶃€佺祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗╂€�銆�

鑳虹殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屽牽鎬�

15.2 鎺屾彙鑳洪鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)瑕�(gu墨)寰嬪拰閲嶈鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�銆�

鍥涚礆閵ㄩ菇鐨勫舰鎴�銆佺壒榛�(di菐n)鍙婃噳(y墨ng)鐢紙寰瑰簳鐢插熀鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆佸洓绱氶姩鍫跨殑褰㈡垚锛岀浉杞�(zhu菐n)绉诲偓鍖栧姂锛�銆丠ofmann 娑堥櫎锛堣(gu墨)寰�銆佸弽鎳�(y墨ng)姗�(j墨)鐞嗭級锛�?锛涱姮顕；?y墨ng)锛涜兒鐨勬哀鍖栧拰Cope娑堥櫎锛涜兒鑸囦簽纭濋吀鐨勫弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛堥噸姘寲鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛岄噸鎺掑弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛夌瓑銆�

15.3 鐔熸倝鎺屾彙鑳虹殑鍒跺倷銆�

姘ㄦ垨鑳虹殑鐑村熀鍖栵紱钃嬪竷鐟炵埦锛圙abriel锛夊悎鎴愭硶锛涚敤閱囧埗鍌�锛涚鍩哄寲鍚堢墿鐨勯倓鍘�锛涜厛銆侀叞鑳虹殑閭勫師绛夈€�

15.4 鎺屾彙纭濆熀鍖栧悎鐗╃殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佸垎椤炪€佸懡鍚嶅拰閲嶈鐨勫寲瀛�(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)

纭濆熀灏嵨�-姘師瀛愮殑褰遍熆锛堜簰璁婄暟妲�(g貌u)锛夐倓鍘�銆佺鍩哄皪鑻挵(hu谩n)涓婂彇浠ｅ熀鐨勫奖闊裤€�

15.5 浜嗚В鑵堢殑鍒嗗瓙绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佹按瑙ｅ拰閭勫師鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆�

15.6 鎺屾彙閲嶆爱楣界殑鍒舵硶鍙婃€ц唱(zh矛)銆�

鍘绘爱鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛堣- H銆丱H銆�-X銆�-CN 鍙栦唬锛�銆佺暀姘弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛堝伓鍚堝拰閭勫師锛�銆�

绗崄鍏珷 鍗�(xi茅)鍚屽弽鎳�(y墨ng)

16.1 鐔熸倝鐠�(hu谩n)鍔犳垚鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆�

16.2 鎺屾彙[3,3]-蟽閬风Щ鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆�

绗崄涓冪珷 闆滅挵(hu谩n)鍖栧悎鐗�

17.1 浜嗚В甯歌闆滅挵(hu谩n)鍖栧悎鐗╃殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屽懡鍚嶆柟娉�銆�

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