鍗楁槍鑸┖澶у(xu茅)2020骞寸爺绌剁敓鍏ュ(xu茅)鑰冭│鍒濊│澶х侗

鑰冭│绉戠洰鍚嶇ū锛� 鐗╃悊鍖栧(xu茅)

鑰冭│绉戠洰浠ｇ⒓锛�825

鑰冭│褰㈠紡锛�绛嗚│

鑰冭│鏅�(sh铆)闁擄細180鍒嗛悩锛�

婊垮垎锛� 150 鍒�

鍙冭€冩浉鐩細鍗版案鍢�銆佸姝ｆシ銆佸嫉妯规案绛�..鐗╃悊鍖栧(xu茅)绨�(ji菐n)鏄庢暀绋�(绗洓鐗堬級[M].鍖椾含锛氶珮绛夋暀鑲插嚭鐗堢ぞ

涓€銆佽│鍗风祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛�

鍟忕瓟椤�

瑷�(j矛)绠楅

鐩稿湒鍒嗘瀽椤�

浜�銆佽€冭│鑼冨湇锛�

1.鐔卞姏瀛�(xu茅)绗竴瀹氬緥

锛�1锛夌啽鍔涘(xu茅)姒傝珫鍙婂熀鏈蹇�锛涳紙2锛夌啽鍔涘(xu茅)绗竴瀹氬緥鐨勬枃瀛楄垏鏁�(sh霉)瀛�(xu茅)琛ㄩ仈(d谩)寮�锛涳紙3锛夐珨绌嶅姛鐨勫畾缇╁強瑷�(j矛)绠楋紝鍙€嗛亷绋嬪畾缇╁強鐗归粸(di菐n)锛涳紙4锛夌瓑澹撻亷绋嬬啽銆佺瓑瀹归亷绋嬬啽鐨勮▓(j矛)绠�锛�(5)鐔卞姏瀛�(xu茅)绗竴瀹氬緥灏�(du矛)鐞嗘兂姘ｉ珨绛夋韩閬庣▼銆佺瓑瀹归亷绋�銆佺瓑澹撻亷绋嬨€佺禃鐔遍亷绋嬬殑鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�锛涳紙6锛夌啽鍔涘(xu茅)绗竴瀹氬緥灏�(du矛)瀵�(sh铆)闅涙埃楂旂殑鎳�(y墨ng)鐢細绡€(ji茅)娴佽啫鑴�銆佺劍鑰�-婀閬滅郴鏁�(sh霉)锛涳紙7锛夌啽鍖栧(xu茅)姒傚康銆佸弽鎳�(y墨ng)閫�(j矛n)搴�銆侊紙鎽╃埦锛夌瓑澹撳弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐔�銆侊紙鎽╃埦锛夌瓑瀹瑰弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐔�銆佹(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鎽╃埦鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐔卞強鐔卞寲瀛�(xu茅)鏂圭▼寮忕殑姒傚康銆佸寲瀛�(xu茅)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐒撹畩鐨勮▓(j矛)绠椼€佸熀鐖鹃湇澶柟绋�銆�

2.鐔卞姏瀛�(xu茅)绗簩瀹氬緥

锛�1锛夌啽鍔涘(xu茅)绗簩瀹氬緥鐨勬暩(sh霉)瀛�(xu茅)琛ㄩ仈(d谩)寮�銆佺喌鍒ゆ摎(j霉)銆佺喌澧炲師鐞�锛涳紙2锛夌喌鐨勭当(t菕ng)瑷�(j矛)鎰忕京锛岀啽鍔涘(xu茅)绗笁瀹氬緥锛涳紙3锛夌喌璁婄殑瑷�(j矛)绠楋紱锛�4锛変亥濮嗛湇鑼茶嚜鐢辫兘鍜屽悏甯冩柉鑷敱鑳界殑瀹氱京鍙婂垽鎿�(j霉)锛岀啽鍔涘(xu茅)鍑芥暩(sh霉)闁撶殑闂�(gu膩n)绯伙紝鐔卞姏瀛�(xu茅)鍥涘€�(g猫)鍩烘湰鍏紡锛涳紙5锛夊悏甯冩柉鑷敱鑳借畩鐨勮▓(j矛)绠楀強鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�銆�

3.澶氱祫鍒嗛珨绯荤啽鍔涘(xu茅)鍙婂叾鍦ㄦ憾娑蹭腑鐨勬噳(y墨ng)鐢�

锛�1锛夊亸鎽╃埦閲忓強鍖栧(xu茅)鍕�(sh矛)鐨勬蹇靛強鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�锛涳紙2锛夋媺鐑忕埦瀹氬緥銆佷酣鍒╁畾寰嬪強閬╃敤姊濅欢锛涳紙3锛夋贩鍚堟埃楂斾腑鍚勭祫鍒嗙殑鍖栧(xu茅)鍕�(sh矛)锛涳紙4锛夌悊鎯虫恫鎱�(t脿i)娣峰悎鐗╃殑姒傚康锛屼换鎰忕祫鍒嗗寲瀛�(xu茅)鍕�(sh矛)鐨勮〃閬�(d谩)寮�锛岀悊鎯虫恫鎱�(t脿i)娣峰悎鐗╃殑鐩搁棞(gu膩n)瑷�(j矛)绠�锛涳紙5锛夌悊鎯崇█婧舵恫鐨勬蹇�銆佺悊鎯崇█婧舵恫浠绘剰绲勫垎鐨勫寲瀛�(xu茅)鍕�(sh矛)锛涳紙6锛夌█婧舵恫鐨勪緷鏁�(sh霉)鎬э紙钂告埃澹撻檷浣�銆佸嚌鍥洪粸(di菐n)涓嬮檷銆佹哺榛�(di菐n)鍗囬珮銆佹徊閫忓锛夌殑鐩搁棞(gu膩n)瑷�(j矛)绠�銆�

4.鍖栧(xu茅)骞宠　

(1) 鍖栧(xu茅)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鏂瑰悜鍜屽钩琛＄殑鍒ゆ摎(j霉)锛涳紙2锛夌悊鎯虫埃楂斿弽鎳�(y墨ng)妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)骞宠　甯告暩(sh霉)銆佸叾瀹冨钩琛″父鏁�(sh霉)銆佺瓑婧柟绋嬪紡鐨勬噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄥ強鐩搁棞(gu膩n)瑷�(j矛)绠楋紱锛�3锛夊京(f霉)鐩稿弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勬(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)骞宠　甯告暩(sh霉)銆佸垎瑙ｅ鐨勭浉闂�(gu膩n)瑷�(j矛)绠楋紱锛�4锛夋(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)骞宠　甯告暩(sh霉)鐨勮▓(j矛)绠楋紙5锛夎寖鐗硅嵎澶瓑澹撴柟绋嬪舰寮忓強鐩搁棞(gu膩n)瑷�(j矛)绠�锛涳紙6锛夋韩搴︺€佸鍔涘強鎯版€ф埃楂斿皪(du矛)鍖栧(xu茅)骞宠　鐨勫奖闊�銆�

5.鐩稿钩琛�

(1)鐗╃ó鏁�(sh霉)銆佺祫鍒�?j菒n)?sh霉)銆佺浉銆佺浉鏁�(sh霉)銆佽嚜鐢卞害绛夊熀鏈蹇�锛岀浉寰嬬殑鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄥ強瑷�(j矛)绠�锛�(2)Clapeyron鍜�Clapeyron鈥斺€�Clausius鏂圭▼鍙婄浉闂�(gu膩n)瑷�(j矛)绠�锛�(3)鍠祫鍒嗙郴绲�(t菕ng)鍜屼簩绲勫垎绯荤当(t菕ng)鍏稿瀷鐩稿湒鐨勭壒榛�(di菐n)鍜屾噳(y墨ng)鐢紝绲�(ji茅)鍚堢浉鍦栧皪(du矛)鍚勫崁(q奴)鍩熺浉闂�(gu膩n)鐨勭浉寰嬮€�(j矛n)琛屽垎鏋愬苟鐣鍐锋洸绶�锛�(4)鐢ㄦ潬妗胯(gu墨)寰嬮€�(j矛n)琛岃▓(j矛)绠�銆�

6.闆诲寲瀛�(xu茅)

锛堜竴锛夐浕瑙ｈ唱(zh矛)婧舵恫

锛�1锛夊皫(d菐o)楂斿強鍏跺垎椤�锛岄浕瑙ｆ睜銆佸師闆绘睜鐨勯浕妤靛弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆侀浕姹犲弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛岄浕瑙ｈ唱(zh矛)婧舵恫鐨勫皫(d菐o)闆绘(j墨)鐞�銆佹硶鎷夊紵闆昏В瀹氬緥锛涳紙2锛夐浕瑙ｈ唱(zh矛)婧舵恫鐨勯浕闃荤巼銆侀浕灏�(d菐o)銆侀浕灏�(d菐o)鐜囥€侀浕灏�(d菐o)姹犲父鏁�(sh霉)鐨勭浉闂�(gu膩n)瑷�(j矛)绠�锛屾懇鐖鹃浕灏�(d菐o)鐜囪垏婵冨害鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯�锛涳紙3锛夊挤(qi谩ng)闆昏В璩�(zh矛)鐨勯洟瀛愭椿搴�銆侀洟瀛愮殑骞冲潎娲诲害銆佸钩鍧囨椿搴﹀洜瀛�銆侀洟瀛愬挤(qi谩ng)搴︾瓑姒傚康鍙婄浉闂�(gu膩n)瑷�(j矛)绠�銆�

(浜�)鍙€嗛浕姹犻浕鍕�(d貌ng)鍕�(sh矛)鍙婂叾鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�

(1) 闆绘睜琛ㄧず寮忚垏鏂圭▼寮忕殑浜掕锛涳紙2锛夊彲閫嗛浕姹犵殑姊濅欢銆侀浕妤靛弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆侀浕姹犲弽鎳�(y墨ng)鍙婇浕姹犵殑瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)銆佸彲閫嗛浕姹�?z茅)宕冾洷W(xu茅)锛涳紙3锛夎兘鏂壒鏂圭▼鐨勮▓(j矛)绠楀強鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�锛涳紙4锛夐浕姹犻浕鍕�(d貌ng)鍕�(sh矛)鐨勬噳(y墨ng)鐢�銆�

(涓�) 闆昏В鑸囨サ鍖栦綔鐢�

(1) 闆绘サ鐨勬サ鍖栫従(xi脿n)璞�銆佸師闆绘睜鑸囬浕瑙ｆ睜鐨勬サ鍖栫従(xi脿n)璞★紝瓒呴浕鍕�(sh矛)銆佺悊璜栧垎瑙ｅ銆佸(sh铆)闅涘垎瑙ｅ銆佹績宸サ鍖栥€侀浕鍖栧(xu茅)锛堟椿鍖栵級妤靛寲锛涳紙2锛夐浕瑙ｆ檪(sh铆)闆绘サ涓婄殑鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆�

7.鐣岄潰鐝�(xi脿n)璞�

(1) 琛ㄩ潰鍚夊竷鏂嚜鐢辫兘銆佽〃闈㈠嫉鍔涘強鍏跺奖闊垮洜绱�锛涳紙2锛夊綆鏇叉恫闈㈢殑闄勫姞澹撳姏-laplace鍏紡銆佹瘺绱�(x矛)鐝�(xi脿n)璞�銆侀＝鍜岃捀姘ｅ鑸囨洸鐜囩殑闂�(gu膩n)绯�-kelvin鍏紡鍙婂叾鎳�(y墨ng)鐢紙閬庨＝鍜屾憾娑�銆佽捀姘�銆侀亷鍐风従(xi脿n)璞＄瓑锛屼粙瀹夌媭鎱�(t脿i)锛夛紙3锛夋憾娑茶〃闈㈢殑鍚搁檮鐝�(xi脿n)璞�銆佸悏甯冩柉鍚搁檮鍏紡锛涳紙4锛夋恫楂旂殑娼�(r霉n)婵曡垏閶睍銆佹帴瑙歌锛涳紙5锛夎〃闈㈡椿鎬у姂瀹氱京銆佺祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗归粸(di菐n)銆佹憾娑茬壒鎬с€佸垎椤炲強鍏朵綔鐢�锛涳紙6锛夊浐楂旇〃闈㈢殑鍚搁檮閬庣▼锛屽惛闄勭啽鍔涘(xu茅)銆佸惛闄勭瓑婧柟绋嬶紙铇牸绻嗙埦鏂圭▼锛夈€�

8.鍖栧(xu茅)鍕�(d貌ng)鍔涘(xu茅)鍩虹(ch菙)

 (1) 鍖栧(xu茅)鍕�(d貌ng)鍔涘(xu茅)姒傚康锛涳紙2锛夊寲瀛�(xu茅)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)閫熺巼銆侀珨绌嶅弽鎳�(y墨ng)閫熺巼鐨勫畾缇�锛涳紙3锛夊寲瀛�(xu茅)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)閫熺巼鏂圭▼銆佸熀鍏冨弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆佸京(f霉)鍚堝弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆佽唱(zh矛)閲忎綔鐢ㄥ畾寰�銆佸弽鎳�(y墨ng)绱�(j铆)鏁�(sh霉)銆佸弽鎳�(y墨ng)閫熺巼甯告暩(sh霉)绛夊熀鏈蹇�锛涳紙4锛夊叿鏈夌啊(ji菐n)鍠礆(j铆)鏁�(sh霉)鐨勫弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛�1銆�2绱�(j铆)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勫井鍒�銆佺⿳鍒嗘柟绋�銆佸崐琛版湡銆佸弽鎳�(y墨ng)绱�(j铆)鏁�(sh霉)绛夌浉闂�(gu膩n)瑷�(j矛)绠�锛涳紙5锛夐樋渚栧凹鐑忔柉鍏紡鐨勬噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄥ強鐩搁棞(gu膩n)瑷�(j矛)绠椼€�