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鍙嬫儏鎻愮ず锛氭湰绔欐彁渚涘叏鍦�400澶氭墍楂樼瓑闄㈡牎鎷涙敹纰╁＋銆佸崥澹爺绌剁敓鍏ュ鑰冭│姝峰勾鑰冪爺鐪熼銆佽€冨崥鐪熼銆佺瓟妗堬紝閮ㄥ垎瀛告牎鏇存柊鑷�2012骞�锛�2013骞�锛涘潎鎻愪緵鏀惰不涓嬭級銆� 涓嬭級娴佺▼锛� 鑰冪爺鐪熼 榛炴搳鈥�鑰冪爺瑭﹀嵎鈥濃€濅笅杓�; 鑰冨崥鐪熼 榛炴搳鈥�鑰冨崥瑭﹀嵎搴�鈥� 涓嬭級
婀栧崡甯寖澶у纰╁＋鐮旂┒鐢熷叆瀛歌€冭│鑷懡椤岃€冭│澶х侗
鑰冭│绉戠洰浠ｇ⒓锛歔 ] 鑰冭│绉戠洰鍚嶇ū锛氭暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)閫氫俊鑸囩恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)
涓€銆佽│鍗风祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
1) 瑭﹀嵎鎴愮妇鍙婅€冭│鏅傞枔
鏈│鍗锋豢鍒嗙偤 100 鍒�锛岃€冭│鏅傞枔鐐� 180 鍒嗛悩銆�
2)绛旈鏂瑰紡锛氶枆鍗�銆佺瓎瑭�
3)瑭﹀嵎鍏�(n猫i)瀹圭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
(涓€) 缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)鍙冭€冩ā鍨� 20%
(浜�) 鐗╃悊灞よ垏浠嬭唱(zh矛) 15%
(涓�) 鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)閺堣矾灞� 10%
(鍥�) 缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)灞� 15%
(浜�) 鍌宠几灞� 25%
(鍏�) 鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄥ堡 5%
(涓�) 缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)瀹夊叏 10%
4)椤屽瀷绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
a: 鍒ゆ柗椤�锛�5 灏忛锛屾瘡灏忛 2 鍒嗭紝鍏� 10 鍒�
b: 鍠爡閬告搰椤�锛�10 灏忛锛屾瘡灏忛 2 鍒�锛屽叡 20 鍒�
c: 瑙ｇ瓟椤�(鍖呮嫭瑷堢畻椤�)锛�5 灏忛锛屾瘡灏忛 7 鍒嗭紝鍏� 35 鍒�
d: 缍滃悎椤�锛屽叡 35 鍒�
浜屻€佽€冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹硅垏鑰冭│瑕佹眰
锛堜竴锛夌恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)鍙冭€冩ā鍨�
鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)閫氫俊绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勭祫鎴�銆佹晥鐜囩殑褰遍熆鍥犵礌锛屾暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)琛ㄧず鍙婃暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)娴�锛涚恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)鑸囧垎甯冨紡
绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勫崁(q奴)鍒ヨ垏鑱�(li谩n)绯�锛涚恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)鐨勭墿鐞嗙祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍙婂叾鍒嗛锛涚恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)鐧�(f膩)灞曟鍙插強鍏剁従(xi脿n)鐙€锛涚恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)鍗�(xi茅)
璀板強鐩搁棞(gu膩n)妯欐簴鍖栫祫绻�锛涚恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)鍒嗗堡鐩搁棞(gu膩n)姒傚康鍙婃剰缇╋紱OSI 鑸� TCP/IP 鍙冭€冩ā鍨�銆�
鑰冭│瑕佹眰
锛�1锛� 浜嗚В缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)鐧�(f膩)灞曟鍙插強鍏剁従(xi脿n)鐙€锛岀恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)鑸囧垎甯冨紡绯荤当(t菕ng)鐣板悓锛屼簡瑙ｇ恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)鐩�
闂�(gu膩n)妯欐簴鍖栫祫绻旓紱
锛�2锛� 鐞嗚В鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)閫氫俊鑸囩恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勭祫鎴�銆佹晥鐜囧奖闊垮洜绱�锛屾暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)娴佸強鍏惰〃绀�锛�
缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)鐗╃悊绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍙婂叾鍒嗛锛岀恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)鍗�(xi茅)璀板強鍏舵牳蹇冭绱�锛涚悊瑙ｇ恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)鍒嗗堡鐩搁棞(gu膩n)姒�
蹇靛強鍏舵剰缇�锛�
锛�3锛� 鎺屾彙 OSI銆乀CP/IP 鍙冭€冩ā鍨嬪悇灞ゅ姛鑳借ō(sh猫)瑷堝強鍏堕枔閫氫俊锛屾帉鎻″悇灞ら枔
灏嬪潃閬庣▼銆�
锛堜簩锛夌墿鐞嗗堡鑸囦粙璩�(zh矛)
鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鑸囦俊铏燂紝鏁�(sh霉)瀛楀偝杓歌垏妯℃摤鍌宠几锛屽偝杓镐粙璩�(zh矛)锛岄浕瑭辩恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)鍙婃湁绶氶浕瑕栫恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)锛�
甯跺鍒╃敤鐜囩殑鎻愰珮銆�
鑰冭│瑕佹眰
锛�1锛� 浜嗚В甯哥敤鍌宠几浠嬭唱(zh矛)鐨勯鍨嬪強鍏剁墿鐞嗙壒鎬�锛屼簡瑙ｉ浕瑭辩恫(w菐ng)鍙婃湁绶氶浕瑕栫恫(w菐ng)
鐩搁棞(gu膩n)姒傚康鑸囬棞(gu膩n)閸垫妧琛�(sh霉)锛�
锛�2锛� 鐞嗚В鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鑸囦俊铏熶箣闁撻棞(gu膩n)绯诲強鍏惰〃鐝�(xi脿n)鏂瑰紡锛岀悊瑙ｆ暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍌宠几鐜囬檺鍒跺師鍥�
鍙婂叾鎬ц兘楂旂従(xi脿n)鎸囨鑸囦箣闂�(gu膩n)绯�锛岀悊瑙ｉ浕璺氦鎻涚恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)銆佹暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍫辩恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)鍙婅櫅闆昏矾
缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)涔嬮枔鐨勫崁(q奴)鍒ュ強鑱�(li谩n)绯伙紱
锛�3锛� 鎺屾彙鏁�(sh霉)瀛楀偝杓歌垏妯℃摤鍌宠几涓殑涓昏绶ㄧ⒓銆佽(di脿o)鍒舵柟娉�锛屾帉鎻″埄鐢ㄩ杈�(n贸ng)
瀹氱悊鑸囧凹濂庢柉鐗瑰畾鐞嗛€茶鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍌宠几鐜囪▓绠楃殑鏂规硶锛屾帉鎻℃彁楂樺付瀵埄鐢ㄧ巼
鐨勪富瑕佹柟娉曞強鎵嬫銆�
锛堜笁锛夋暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)閺堣矾灞�
鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
閺堣矾灞ゆ閷�銆佺尘閷鍒惰垏鏂规硶锛屾垚骞€鏂规硶鑸囬張璺堡鎺у埗鍗�(xi茅)璀�锛屽璺í鍟忓崝(xi茅)璀�锛�
鏈夌窔鍙婄劇绶氬眬鍩熺恫(w菐ng)銆佸唬鍩熺恫(w菐ng)鍙婅櫅闆昏矾缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)銆�
鑰冭│瑕佹眰
锛�1锛� 浜嗚В鐒＄窔灞€鍩熺恫(w菐ng)鐨勬婧�銆佸渚�锛屼簡瑙ｇЩ鍕曢浕瑭辩恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)銆佽(w猫i)鏄熺恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)銆�
SONET/SDH 绛夊唬鍩熺恫(w菐ng)瀵︿緥锛屼簡瑙ｅ箑涓辜銆丄TM 绛夎櫅闆昏矾缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)瀵︿緥锛�
锛�2锛� 鐞嗚В閺堣矾灞ゆ垚骞€姗熷埗鑸囧悇绋€氶亾涓婄殑鎺у埗鍗�(xi茅)璀�锛岀悊瑙ｅ璺í鍟忓崝(xi茅)璀�
鐨勫伐浣滄鍒跺強閬庣▼锛岀啛鎮変互澶恫(w菐ng)妯欐簴鍙婂叾鐧�(f膩)灞曢亷绋�锛岀啛鎮夐€ｆ帴灞€鍩熺恫(w菐ng)銆�
涓诲共缍�(w菐ng)鍜岃櫅鎿眬鍩熺恫(w菐ng)鐨勭浉闂�(gu膩n)涓昏瑷�(sh猫)鍌欙紱
锛�3锛� 鎺屾彙閺堣矾甯哥敤妾㈤尟銆佺尘閷柟娉曡垏 CRC銆丠amming銆佹牎椹楀拰绛夌浉闂�(gu膩n)绶�
纰兼柟娉�锛屾帉鎻￠€ｆ帴灞€鍩熺恫(w菐ng)銆佷富骞茬恫(w菐ng)鍜岃櫅鎿眬鍩熺恫(w菐ng)鐨勭浉闂�(gu膩n)涓昏瑷�(sh猫)鍌欓厤缃€�
璺強鏂规硶銆�
锛堝洓锛夌恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)灞�
鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
IP 鍗�(xi茅)璀扮皣鍙婄恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)灞ゅ皨鍧€锛岃矾鐢辨蹇�銆佽矾鐢卞崝(xi茅)璀板強杞�(zhu菐n)鐧�(f膩)閬庣▼銆�
鑰冭│瑕佹眰
锛�1锛� 浜嗚В IP V6 鍗�(xi茅)璀扮浉闂�(gu膩n)姒傚康鍙婂叾鐗规€�锛屼簡瑙� ICMP銆両GMP 绛夊崝(xi茅)璀板強澶�
鎾矾鐢�锛�
锛�2锛� 鐞嗚В灏嬪潃銆佽矾鐢�銆佸湴鍧€瑙ｆ瀽绛� IP 鍗�(xi茅)璀板煼(zh铆)琛岄亷绋�锛岀悊瑙� IPV4 鑸� IPV6
鐨勯亷娓℃鍒讹紱
锛�3锛� 鎺屾彙缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)灞や笂鐨勭恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)鍦板潃浣跨敤鍙婂皨鍧€鏂规硶锛屾帉鎻¤窛闆㈠悜閲�銆侀張璺媭
鎱�(t脿i)绛夎矾鐢遍伕鎿囩畻娉曞強鐩搁棞(gu膩n)璺敱鍗�(xi茅)璀扮殑閰嶇疆鑸囦娇鐢�銆�
锛堜簲锛夊偝杓稿堡
鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
TCP銆乁DP 绛夊偝杓稿堡鍗�(xi茅)璀板強鍌宠几灞ゆ湇鍕�(w霉)璩�(zh矛)閲忎繚璀夋鍒惰垏鏂规硶銆�
鑰冭│瑕佹眰
锛�1锛� 浜嗚В鍌宠几灞ゆ湇鍕�(w霉)璩�(zh矛)閲忎繚璀夋鍒�锛�
锛�2锛� 鐞嗚В TCP銆乁DP 绛夊偝杓稿堡鍗�(xi茅)璀扮殑鍩�(zh铆)琛屾鍒�銆�
锛堝叚锛夋噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄥ堡
鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
鍩熷悕绯荤当(t菕ng)锛岄仩绋嬬櫥闄�銆侀浕瀛愰兊浠�銆佹枃浠跺偝杓�?sh霉)鐦革疾濞媁(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄦ湇鍕�(w霉)锛岃惉缍恫(w菐ng)鑸�
瓒呮枃鏈偝杓稿崝(xi茅)璀�锛岀恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)绠＄悊鍙婄浉闂�(gu膩n)绠＄悊鍗�(xi茅)璀�锛屽濯掗珨銆�
鑰冭│瑕佹眰
锛�1锛� 浜嗚В缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)绠＄悊姒傚康鍙婄浉闂�(gu膩n)绠＄悊鍗�(xi茅)璀�锛�
锛�2锛� 鐞嗚В DNS銆乀ELNET銆丒锛峬ail銆丗TP銆乄WW 鍙� HTTP 绛夌恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)鏈嶅嫏(w霉)
鍙婂崝(xi茅)璀扮殑宸ヤ綔姗熷埗銆�
锛堜竷锛夌恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)瀹夊叏
鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)瀹夊叏鏈嶅嫏(w霉)鍙婂洜鐗圭恫(w菐ng)涓殑瀹夊叏鎺柦銆�
鑰冭│瑕佹眰
浜嗚В缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)瀹夊叏鏈嶅嫏(w霉)绋鍙婂叾瀵︾従(xi脿n)鏂规硶锛屼簡瑙ｉ槻鐏⒒銆両PSec銆丼SL/TLS銆丳GP
绛夌恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)瀹夊叏鎺柦銆�
浜�銆佸弮鑰冩浉鐩�
[1] 锛堢編锛塀ehrouz A. Forouzan Sophia Chung Fegan 钁楋紝鍚虫檪闇�锛屽惓姘歌紳锛屽惓鑺�
鑹�锛岄瓘闇栬. 鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)閫氫俊鑸囩恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)锛堢 4 鐗堬級. 姗熸宸ユキ(y猫)鍑虹増绀�, 2008
[2] 锛堢編锛夌壒鍗楅畱濮嗚憲锛屽毚鍋�锛屾綐鎰涙皯璀�. 瑷堢畻姗熺恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)锛堢 5 鐗堬級. 娓呰彲澶у鍑�
鐗堢ぞ, 2012
鍏嶈铂鑱叉槑锛氭湰鏂囩郴杞�(zhu菐n)杓夎嚜缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)锛屽鏈変镜鐘�锛岃珛鑱�(li谩n)绯绘垜鍊戠珛鍗冲埅闄�锛屽彟锛氭湰鏂囧儏浠ｈ〃浣滆€呭€嬩汉瑙€榛烇紝鑸囨湰缍�(w菐ng)绔欑劇闂�(gu膩n)銆傚叾鍘熷壍(chu脿ng)鎬т互鍙婃枃涓櫝杩版枃瀛楀拰鍏�(n猫i)瀹规湭缍�(j墨ng)鏈珯璀夊锛屽皪鏈枃浠ュ強鍏朵腑鍏ㄩ儴鎴栬€呴儴鍒嗗収(n猫i)瀹�銆佹枃瀛楃殑鐪熷鎬�銆佸畬鏁存€с€佸強鏅傛€ф湰绔欎笉浣滀换浣曚繚璀夋垨鎵胯锛岃珛璁€鑰呭儏浣滃弮鑰冿紝骞惰珛鑷鏍稿鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鍏�(n猫i)瀹�銆�
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鎮ㄧ従(xi脿n)鍦ㄧ殑浣嶇疆锛� 
