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鍙嬫儏鎻愮ず锛氭湰绔欐彁渚涘叏鍦�400澶氭墍楂樼瓑闄㈡牎鎷涙敹纰╁＋銆佸崥澹爺绌剁敓鍏ュ(xu茅)鑰冭│姝峰勾鑰冪爺鐪熼銆佽€冨崥鐪熼銆佺瓟妗堬紝閮ㄥ垎瀛�(xu茅)鏍℃洿鏂拌嚦2012骞�锛�2013骞�锛涘潎鎻愪緵鏀惰不(f猫i)涓嬭級銆� 涓嬭級娴佺▼锛� 鑰冪爺鐪熼 榛�(di菐n)鎿娾€�鑰冪爺瑭﹀嵎鈥濃€濅笅杓�; 鑰冨崥鐪熼 榛�(di菐n)鎿娾€�鑰冨崥瑭﹀嵎搴�鈥� 涓嬭級
婀栧崡甯寖澶у(xu茅)纰╁＋鐮旂┒鐢熷叆瀛�(xu茅)鑰冭│鑷懡椤岃€冭│澶х侗
鑰冭│绉戠洰浠ｇ⒓锛歔848] 鑰冭│绉戠洰鍚嶇ū锛氭湁姗�(j墨)鍖栧(xu茅)
涓€銆佽│鍗风祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
1) 瑭﹀嵎鎴愮妇鍙婅€冭│鏅�(sh铆)闁�
鏈│鍗锋豢鍒嗙偤 150 鍒�锛岃€冭│鏅�(sh铆)闁撶偤 180 鍒嗛悩銆�
2)绛旈鏂瑰紡锛氶枆鍗�銆佺瓎瑭�
3)瑭﹀嵎鍏�(n猫i)瀹圭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
鏈夋(j墨)鍖栧(xu茅)鍜屾湁姗�(j墨)鍖栧(xu茅)瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n) 100%
4)椤屽瀷绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
a: 鍠爡(xi脿ng)閬告搰椤�锛�10 灏忛锛屾瘡灏忛 2 鍒嗭紝鍏� 20 鍒�
b: 绨＄瓟椤�锛�6 灏忛锛屾瘡灏忛 5 鍒嗭紝鍏� 30 鍒�
c: 鏇稿鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鏂圭▼寮�锛�10 灏忛锛屾瘡灏忛 3 鍒�锛屽叡 30 鍒�
d: 姗�(j墨)鐞嗛锛�3 灏忛锛屾瘡灏忛 5 鍒嗭紝鍏� 15 鍒�
e: 鍚堟垚椤�锛�4 灏忛锛屾瘡灏忛 5 鍒嗭紝鍏� 20 鍒�
f: 鎺ㄦ柗椤�锛�3 灏忛锛屾瘡灏忛 5 鍒�锛屽叡 15 鍒�
g: 瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)椤�,20 鍒�
浜�銆佽€冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹硅垏鑰冭│瑕佹眰
绗竴绔� 绶掕珫
鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
鐔熸倝鍜屾帉鎻℃湁姗�(j墨)鍖栧(xu茅)鍩烘湰鍘熺悊鍜屾蹇�锛屼互鍙婃湁姗�(j墨)鍚堟垚銆佸垎闆㈠拰鍒嗘瀽鏂规硶锛屼簡
瑙ｆ湁姗�(j墨)鍖栧悎鐗╃墿鐞嗗拰鍖栧(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)銆佸垎瀛愮祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佸寲瀛�(xu茅)閸�銆佸弽鎳�(y墨ng)娲绘€�銆佸弽鎳�(y墨ng)姗�(j墨)鐞�锛屾帉鎻�
鏈夋(j墨)鍚堟垚銆佸垎闆㈠拰鍒嗘瀽鐨勫(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)鏂规硶锛屼簡瑙ｆ湁姗�(j墨)鍖栧(xu茅)鐧�(f膩)灞曟柟鍚戝強鍏舵湭渚�锛岃兘鍒╃敤鎵€
瀛�(xu茅)鐨勬湁姗�(j墨)鍖栧(xu茅)鐭ヨ瓨瑙ｆ焙鏈夋(j墨)鍚堟垚銆佸垎闆㈠拰鍒嗘瀽鏂归潰鐨勫(sh铆)闅涘晱椤�銆�
鑰冭│瑕佹眰
1. 鎺屾彙鏈夋(j墨)鍖栧(xu茅)鍩烘湰鍘熺悊鍜屾蹇�锛�
2. 浜嗚В鏈夋(j墨)鍚堟垚銆佸垎闆㈠拰鍒嗘瀽鏂规硶锛�
3.浜嗚В鏈夋(j墨)鍖栧悎鐗╂€ц唱(zh矛)銆佸垎瀛愮祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佸寲瀛�(xu茅)閸佃垏鍏跺弽鎳�(y墨ng)鎬ц兘鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯伙紱
4. 浜嗚В鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)姗�(j墨)鐞�锛�
5锛庢帉鎻℃湁姗�(j墨)鍚堟垚銆佸垎闆㈠拰鍒嗘瀽鐨勫(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)鏂规硶锛�
6.浜嗚В鏈夋(j墨)鍖栧(xu茅)鐧�(f膩)灞曟柟鍚戝強鍏舵湭渚�銆�
7锛庤兘鍒╃敤鎵€瀛�(xu茅)鐨勬湁姗�(j墨)鍖栧(xu茅)鐭ヨ瓨瑙ｆ焙鏈夋(j墨)鍚堟垚銆佸垎闆㈠拰鍒嗘瀽鏂归潰鐨勫(sh铆)闅涘晱椤�
绗簩绔� 鐑风兇
鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
甯歌鐑峰熀鐨勪腑鑻辨枃鍚嶇ū锛屽懡鍚嶆硶(IUPAC)锛屽悓鍒嗙暟妲�(g貌u)鐝�(xi脿n)璞★紝鐑风兇鍒嗗瓙鐨勬垚閸�
鏂瑰紡锛岄€忚寮忓拰绱愭浖鎶曞奖寮忕殑琛ㄧず鏂规硶锛屾哺榛�(di菐n)銆佺啍榛�(di菐n)銆佺浉灏嶅瘑搴﹀拰婧惰В搴�锛岄沟浠�
鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勬(j墨)鐞嗭紝纭濆寲銆佺：鍖栥€佹哀鍖�銆佺暟妲�(g貌u)鍖栥€佽鍖�銆佽瑙ｅ弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆�
鑰冭│瑕佹眰
1.鎺屾彙甯歌鐑峰熀鐨勪腑鑻辨枃鍚嶇ū銆�
2.鎺屾彙鍛藉悕娉�(IUPAC)銆�
3.鎺屾彙娆″簭瑕�(gu墨)鍓�銆�
4.鐞嗚В鐑风兇鍒嗗瓙鐨勬垚閸垫柟寮�銆傛帉鎻￠€忚寮忓拰鎶曞奖寮忕殑琛ㄧず鏂规硶銆�
5.浜嗚В娌搁粸(di菐n)銆佺啍榛�(di菐n)銆佺浉灏嶅瘑搴﹀拰婧惰В搴︾殑涓€鑸(gu墨)寰�銆�
6.鎺屾彙楣典唬鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勬(j墨)鐞�銆�
7.鐭ラ亾纭濆寲銆佺：鍖�銆佹哀鍖栥€佺暟妲�(g貌u)鍖�銆佽鍖栥€佽瑙ｇ瓑鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆�
8.浜嗚В鐑风兇鍚屽垎鐣版(g貌u)楂旂噧鐕掔啽鍊煎拰绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)涔嬮枔鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯�銆�
绗笁绔� 鐑兇
鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
鐑兇鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛屜€ 閸电殑鐗归粸(di菐n)锛岄爢鍙嶅懡鍚嶆硶锛孼/E 妯�(bi膩o)瑷樻硶锛屽懡鍚�锛岀敱鐑兇鐨勭噧
鐕掔啽鎴栨矮鍖栫啽鎺ㄦ脯鍏剁浉灏嶇┅(w臎n)瀹氭€�锛岀儻鐑寸殑鐗╃悊鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛屽偓鍖栧姞姘垏浣嶉樆鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯伙紝鐑�
鐑寸殑瑕浕鍔犳垚鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛氬姞楣电礌銆佸姞楣靛寲姘�銆佸拰纭吀鐨勫姞鎴�銆佸姞姘淬€佹憾鍔戞睘鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆�
鍔犳楣甸吀锛岀儻鐑寸殑鑷敱鍩哄姞鎴愬弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛岀儻鐑村姞鎴愮殑瀹氫綅瑕�(gu墨)寰�锛屽弽棣皬瑕�(gu墨)鍓囷紝纭兼矮鍖�
鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛岀儻鐑寸殑姘у寲锛屛� 楣典唬鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛岀景鍩哄悎鎴愩€傜儻鐑寸殑鍚堟垚銆�
鑰冭│瑕佹眰
1.浜嗚В鐑兇鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屜€ 閸电殑鐗归粸(di菐n)銆�
2.鎺屾彙闋嗗弽鍛藉悕娉曪紝Z/E 妯�(bi膩o)瑷樻硶銆�
3.浜嗚В鐢辩儻鐑寸殑鐕冪噿鐔辨垨姘寲鐔辨帹娓叾鐩稿皪绌�(w臎n)瀹氭€�銆�
4. 鐞嗚В鐑兇鐨勮Κ闆诲姞鎴愬弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆�
5. 鐞嗚В鐑兇鐨勮嚜鐢卞熀鍔犳垚鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆�
6. 鐞嗚В鐑兇鍔犳垚鐨勫畾浣嶈(gu墨)寰�銆�
7. 鎺屾彙棣皬瑕�(gu墨)鍓囧拰鍙嶉Μ姘忚(gu墨)鍓�銆�
8. 浜嗚В鐑兇鐨勬哀鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆�
10. 鎺屾彙伪 楣典唬鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆�
11.鎺屾彙鐑兇鐨勫埗娉�銆�
绗洓绔� 鐐旂兇鍜屼簩鐑兇
鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
鍙侀嵉鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗归粸(di菐n)锛岀倲鐑寸殑鍛藉悕锛圛UPAC锛�锛岀倲鐑寸殑鐗╃悊鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛孡indlar 鍌寲鍔�
鍔犳矮鐨勭珛楂旈伕鎿囨€�锛岀倲鐑寸殑瑕浕鍔犳垚锛堝姞楣电礌銆侀沟鍖栨矮銆佹按锛夊拰瑕牳鍔犳垚锛岀〖姘�
鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛屾哀鍖栭倓鍘�锛岃仛鍚堝弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛屽弫閸电⒊涓婃矮鍘熷瓙鐨勬椿娼戞€э紝鐐旂兇鐨勫埗娉�銆備簩鐑兇
鐨勫垎椤�锛屽叡杌涗簩鐑兇鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屽叡杌涙晥鎳�(y墨ng)锛�1锛�4锛嶅姞鎴愬拰闆欑儻鍚堟垚锛堢珛楂斿皥涓€鎬х殑
闋嗗紡鍔犳垚锛�锛屼簩鐑兇鐨勮仛鍚堛€�
鑰冭│瑕佹眰
1.浜嗚В鍙侀嵉鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗归粸(di菐n)銆�
2.鎺屾彙鐐旂兇鐨勫懡鍚嶏紙IUPAC锛�銆�
3.鐭ラ亾鐐旂兇鐨勭墿鐞嗘€ц唱(zh矛)銆�
4.鐭ラ亾 Lindlar 鍌寲鍔戝姞姘殑绔嬮珨閬告搰鎬�銆�
5.鐞嗚В鐐旂兇鐨勮Κ闆诲姞鎴愶紙鍔犻沟绱犮€侀沟鍖栨矮銆佹按锛�銆�
6.鐭ラ亾鐐旂兇鐨勮Κ鏍稿姞鎴愩€�
7.鐭ラ亾鐐旂兇鐨勭〖姘寲鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆佹哀鍖栭倓鍘�銆佽仛鍚堝弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆�
8.鎺屾彙鍙侀嵉纰充笂姘師瀛愮殑娲绘綉鎬�銆�
9. 鎺屾彙鐐旂兇鐨勫埗娉曘€�
10.浜嗚В浜岀儻鐑寸殑鍒嗛銆�
11.鐞嗚В鍏辫粵浜岀儻鐑寸殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屽叡杌涙晥鎳�(y墨ng)銆�
12.鐔熺反鎺屾彙 1锛�4锛嶅姞鎴愬拰闆欑儻鍚堟垚锛堢珛楂斿皥涓€鎬х殑闋嗗紡鍔犳垚锛�銆�
13.鐭ラ亾浜岀儻鐑寸殑鑱氬悎銆�
绗簲绔� 鑴傜挵(hu谩n)鐑�
鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
鐠�(hu谩n)鐑风兇鐨勫畾缇�锛岄爢鍙嶇暟妲�(g貌u)鐝�(xi脿n)璞�锛岄洐鐠�(hu谩n)鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鍛藉悕锛� Baeyer 寮靛姏瀛�(xu茅)瑾�锛屽奖
闊跨挵(hu谩n)鐙€鍖栧悎鐗╃┅(w臎n)瀹氭€х殑鍥犵礌锛岀挵(hu谩n)宸辩兎妞呭紡妲�(g貌u)璞＄殑琛ㄧず鏂规硶锛屽钩浼忛嵉鍜岀洿绔嬮嵉鐨勭暙
娉�锛岀挵(hu谩n)宸辩兎妞呭紡妲�(g貌u)璞＄殑缈昏綁(zhu菐n)鍜屽彇浠ｇ挵(hu谩n)宸辩兎鏈€绌�(w臎n)瀹氭(g貌u)璞＄殑纰哄畾銆傚崄姘寲钀樼殑妲�(g貌u)璞�銆�
鑰冭│瑕佹眰
1.浜嗚В鐠�(hu谩n)鐑风兇鐨勫畾缇┿€�
2.鎺屾彙闆欑挵(hu谩n)鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鍛藉悕銆�
3.浜嗚В Baeyer 寮靛姏瀛�(xu茅)瑾€�
4. 鎺屾彙褰遍熆鐠�(hu谩n)鐙€鍖栧悎鐗╃┅(w臎n)瀹氭€х殑鍥犵礌銆�
5.鎺屾彙鐠�(hu谩n)宸辩兎妞呭紡妲�(g貌u)璞＄殑琛ㄧず鏂规硶锛屽钩浼忛嵉鍜岀洿绔嬮嵉鐨勭暙娉�銆�
6.浜嗚В鐠�(hu谩n)宸辩兎妞呭紡妲�(g貌u)璞＄殑缈昏綁(zhu菐n)鍜屽彇浠ｇ挵(hu谩n)宸辩兎鏈€绌�(w臎n)瀹氭(g貌u)璞＄殑纰哄畾銆�
7锛庝簡瑙ｅ崄姘寲钀樼殑妲�(g貌u)璞°€�
绗叚绔� 鑺崇兇
鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
鑻殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛屽叡鎸珫鐨勮(gu墨)瀹氾紝鑺崇兇鐨勭墿鐞嗘€ц唱(zh矛)锛堝伌(c猫)閲嶆姌鍏夌巼锛�锛岃姵鐠�(hu谩n)涓婄殑瑕浕
鍙栦唬鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛氶沟浠�銆佺鍖栥€佺：鍖�銆佸紬鈥斿厠鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆傚伌(c猫)閺堜笂鐨勯沟浠ｅ拰姘у寲鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆傞劙灏嶄綅
瀹氫綅鍩哄拰闁撲綅瀹氫綅鍩虹殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗归粸(di菐n)锛屽叾灏嶈嫰鐠�(hu谩n)鐨勬椿鍖栧拰閳嶅寲锛岃嫰鐨勪簩鍏冨彇浠ｇ墿鐨勫畾
浣嶈(gu墨)寰嬶紝瀹氫綅瑕�(gu墨)寰嬬殑鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�銆傝伅(li谩n)鑻強绋犵挵(hu谩n)鑺崇兇鐨勫懡鍚嶅拰鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛岃悩銆佽捊銆佽彶鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜�
鑺虫€т互鍙婁竴浜涙湁鎵嬫€х殑鑺崇兇銆備紤鍏嬬埦瑕�(gu墨)鍓�锛岀挵(hu谩n)涓佷簩鐑拰鐠�(hu谩n)杈涘洓鐑殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛岀挵(hu谩n)涓欑儻
姝ｉ洟瀛愩€佺挵(hu谩n)鎴婁簩鐑矤(f霉)闆㈠瓙銆佺挵(hu谩n)杈涘洓鐑矤(f霉)闆㈠瓙銆佽吉鐑殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆�
鑰冭│瑕佹眰
1.鐞嗚В鑻殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆�
2.鐭ラ亾鍏辨尟璜栫殑瑕�(gu墨)瀹�銆�
3.鐭ラ亾鑺崇兇鐨勭墿鐞嗘€ц唱(zh矛)銆�
4.鐔熺反鎺屾彙鑺崇挵(hu谩n)涓婄殑瑕浕鍙栦唬鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆�
5 浜嗚В鍋�(c猫)閺堜笂鐨勯沟浠ｅ拰姘у寲鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆�
6. 浜嗚В閯板皪浣嶅畾浣嶅熀鍜岄枔浣嶅畾浣嶅熀鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗归粸(di菐n)锛岀悊瑙ｅ叾灏嶈嫰鐠�(hu谩n)鐨勬椿鍖栧拰閳�
鍖�銆�
7. 鎺屾彙鑻殑浜屽厓鍙栦唬鐗╃殑瀹氫綅瑕�(gu墨)寰嬨€�
8. 浜嗚В钀�銆佽捊銆佽彶鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜岃姵鎬т互鍙婁竴浜涙湁鎵嬫€х殑鑺崇兇銆�
9. 鎺屾彙瑙ｄ紤鍏嬬埦瑕�(gu墨)鍓囧強鑺冲悜鎬�銆�
10. 鐠�(hu谩n)涓欑儻姝ｉ洟瀛愩€佺挵(hu谩n)鎴婁簩鐑矤(f霉)闆㈠瓙銆佺挵(hu谩n)搴氫笁鐑闆㈠瓙銆佺挵(hu谩n)杈涘洓鐑矤(f霉)闆㈠瓙銆�
杓儻鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆�
绗竷绔� 绔嬮珨鍖栧(xu茅)
鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
鍚屽垎鐣版(g貌u)鐝�(xi脿n)璞＄殑鍒嗛娉�锛屽垎瀛愮殑鎵嬫€�锛屽皪鏄犻珨锛屽垎瀛愮殑鍥涚ó灏嶇ū鍥犵礌锛氬皪绋�
闈�銆佸皪绋变腑蹇冦€佸皪绋辫桓銆佹洿鐤婂皪绋辫桓锛屾棆鍏夋€�銆佹棆鍏夊害銆佹瘮鏃嬪厜搴�锛屽娑堟棆楂斿拰
鍏�(n猫i)娑堟棆楂�锛岃不(f猫i)姝囩埦鎶曞奖寮忕殑鎶曞奖鍘熷墖锛孯/S 妯�(bi膩o)瑷樻硶锛屽惈涓€鍊�(g猫)銆佸叐鍊�(g猫)鎴栦笁鍊�(g猫)鎵嬫€х⒊
鍘熷瓙鐨勭珛楂旂暟妲�(g貌u)锛岀挵(hu谩n)鐙€鍖栧悎鐗╃殑绔嬮珨鐣版(g貌u)锛屼笉鍚墜鎬х⒊鍘熷瓙鍖栧悎鐗╃殑灏嶆槧鐣版(g貌u)锛堟墜
鎬т腑蹇�銆佸叾瀹冩墜鎬у師瀛�銆佷笝浜岀儻鍨嬪寲鍚堢墿銆佽伅(li谩n)鑻瀷锛�銆傚埗鍌欐墜鎬у寲鍚堢墿鐨勬柟娉曞強
鏃嬪厜鐣版(g貌u)鍦ㄧ爺绌惰嚜鐢卞熀鍔犳垚鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍜岄沟绱犺垏鐑兇鐨勫姞鎴愬弽鎳�(y墨ng)姝风▼涓噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄣ€�
鑰冭│瑕佹眰
1.浜嗚В鍒嗗瓙鐨勬墜鎬�锛屽皪鏄犻珨銆�
2.浜嗚В鍒嗗瓙鐨勫洓绋皪绋卞洜绱狅細灏嶇ū闈�銆佸皪绋变腑蹇冦€佸皪绋辫桓銆佹洿鐤婂皪绋辫桓銆�
3.鐞嗚В鏃嬪厜鎬с€佹棆鍏夊害銆佹瘮鏃嬪厜搴�銆佸娑堟棆楂斿拰鍏�(n猫i)娑堟棆楂旂殑娑电京銆�
4.鎺屾彙璨�(f猫i)姝囩埦鎶曞奖寮忕殑鎶曞奖鍘熷墖鍜� R/S 妯�(bi膩o)瑷樻硶銆�
5.鎺屾彙鍚竴鍊�(g猫)銆佸叐鍊�(g猫)鎴栦笁鍊�(g猫)鎵嬫€х⒊鍘熷瓙鐨勭珛楂旂暟妲�(g貌u)銆�
6. 浜嗘彙鐠�(hu谩n)鐙€鍖栧悎鐗╃殑绔嬮珨鐣版(g貌u)銆�
7.浜嗚В涓嶅惈鎵嬫€х⒊鍘熷瓙鍖栧悎鐗╃殑灏嶆槧鐣版(g貌u)锛堟墜鎬т腑蹇冦€佸叾瀹冩墜鎬у師瀛�銆佷笝浜�
鐑瀷鍖栧悎鐗�銆佽伅(li谩n)鑻瀷锛�銆�
8. 浜嗚В鍒跺倷鎵嬫€у寲鍚堢墿鐨勬柟娉�銆�
9. 鎺屾彙鏃嬪厜鐣版(g貌u)鍦ㄧ爺绌惰嚜鐢卞熀鍔犳垚鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍜岄沟绱犺垏鐑兇鐨勫姞鎴愬弽鎳�(y墨ng)姝风▼涓噳(y墨ng)
鐢ㄣ€�
绗叓绔� 楣典唬鐑�
鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
楣典唬鐑寸殑鏅€氬懡鍚嶆硶锛岀郴绲�(t菕ng)鍛藉悕娉曪紝楣典唬鐑寸殑鍒嗛鍜屽埗娉�銆傞沟浠ｇ兇鐨勫寲瀛�(xu茅)鎬�
璩�(zh矛)锛氬彇浠ｅ弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆佹秷闄ゅ弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆佹椿娼戦噾灞殑鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍜岄倓鍘熷弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆傝Κ鏍稿彇浠ｅ弽鎳�(y墨ng)姝风▼锛歋N1
鍜� SN2 鍏╃ó姝风▼鐨勫奖闊垮洜绱�锛孲N1 鍜� SN2 鐨勭珛楂斿寲瀛�(xu茅)锛岄洟瀛愬皪姗�(j墨)鐞嗭紝閯板熀鍙冭垏鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)
姗�(j墨)鐞嗗強鑺崇挵(hu谩n)涓婅Κ鏍稿彇浠ｅ弽鎳�(y墨ng)姗�(j墨)鐞�銆傛秷闄ゅ弽鎳�(y墨ng)姝风▼锛欵2 鍜� E1 鍏╃ó姝风▼鐨勫奖闊垮洜绱狅紝
E2 鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勫崁(q奴)鍩熼伕鎿囨€�锛孍2 鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勭珛楂斿寲瀛�(xu茅)銆�
鑰冭│瑕佹眰
1.浜嗚В楣典唬鐑寸殑鏅€氬懡鍚嶆硶锛屾帉鎻＄郴绲�(t菕ng)鍛藉悕娉曘€�
2.鐔熸倝楣典唬鐑寸殑鍒嗛鍜屽埗娉�銆�
3.鎺屾彙楣典唬鐑寸殑鍖栧(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)銆�
4.鐞嗚В SN1 鍜� SN2 鍏╃ó姝风▼鐨勫奖闊垮洜绱�銆�
5.鎺屾彙 SN1 鍜� SN2 鐨勭珛楂斿寲瀛�(xu茅)銆�
6.鐞嗚В娑堝幓鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)姝风▼锛欵2 鍜� E1銆�
7.鎺屾彙 E2 鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勫崁(q奴)鍩熼伕鎿囨€�銆傛帉鎻� E2 鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勭珛楂斿寲瀛�(xu茅)銆�
8.浜嗚В闆㈠瓙灏嶆(j墨)鐞�銆�
9.浜嗚В閯板熀鍙冭垏鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)姗�(j墨)鐞嗐€�
10.浜嗚В鑺崇挵(hu谩n)涓婅Κ鏍稿彇浠ｅ弽鎳�(y墨ng)姗�(j墨)鐞�銆�
绗節绔� 閱囧拰閰�
鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
閱囩殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛屽垎椤�锛屽懡鍚�锛屾矮閸靛皪鐗╃悊鎬ц唱(zh矛)鐨勫奖闊匡紝閱囩殑楣典唬銆佽劔姘淬€侀叝鍖�銆�
姘у寲銆佽劔姘瓑鍩烘湰鍖栧(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛屽彇浠ｅ拰娑堝幓鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)涓殑閲嶆帓鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛岄牷鍝唶閲嶆帓銆傞唶鐨�
鍒舵硶锛氱櫦(f膩)閰垫硶銆侀沟浠ｇ兇姘磋В銆佺儻鐑村姞鎴�锛屽強鐢辨牸寮忚│鍔戞垨閱涢叜鍒跺倷銆�1锛�2锛嶄簩閱�
鐨勫埗娉�銆傞厷鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛屽懡鍚�锛屽埗娉曪紝鐗╃悊鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛岄厷鐨勯吀鎬�锛岄厷缇ュ熀鐨勫弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛岄厷鑺崇挵(hu谩n)
涓婄殑鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆傞厷鐨勫埗鍌�銆佷締婧愬拰鐢ㄩ€�銆�
鑰冭│瑕佹眰
1.浜嗚В閱囩殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佸垎椤�銆傛帉鎻￠唶鐨勫懡鍚嶏紙IUPAC锛夊拰鍒舵硶銆�
2.鐞嗚В姘嵉灏嶆哺榛�(di菐n)鍜屾憾瑙ｅ害鐨勫奖闊�銆�
3.鎺屾彙閱囩殑楣典唬銆佽劔姘淬€侀叝鍖�銆佹哀鍖栫瓑鍩烘湰鍖栧(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)銆�
4.浜嗚В閱囧彇浠ｅ拰娑堝幓鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)涓殑閲嶆帓鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆�
5. 鎺屾彙闋诲摢閱囬噸鎺�銆�
6.鎺屾彙閱囧埗娉曪紙楣典唬鐑存按瑙�锛岀敱鐑兇銆佹牸寮忚│鍔�銆侀啗銆侀叜鍚堟垚閱囷級銆�
7.浜嗚В 1锛�2锛嶄簩閱囩殑鍒舵硶銆�
8.鐞嗚В閰氱殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛屾帉鎻￠厷鐨勫懡鍚嶅拰鍒舵硶銆�
9.鎺屾彙閰氱茎鍩虹殑鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛岄厷鑺崇挵(hu谩n)涓婄殑鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆�
10.浜嗚В閰氱殑鍒舵硶鍜岀敤閫斻€�
绗崄绔� 閱氬拰鐠�(hu谩n)姘у寲鍚堢墿
鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
閱氱殑鍒嗛鍜屽懡鍚�锛岄啔鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜岀墿鐞嗘€ц唱(zh矛)锛岄啔鐨勫寲瀛�(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛氫蒋楣界殑褰㈡垚銆侀啔閸�
鐨勬柗瑁傘€侀亷姘у寲鐗╃殑鐢熸垚锛屽厠钀婃．閲嶆帓锛岄啔鐨勫埗鍌欙細閱囧垎瀛愰枔鑴按銆佸▉寤夊閬滃悎
鎴愭硶銆佺兎姘ф睘鍖�-鑴睘鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆佷箼鐑熀閱氬埗娉曘€傚啝閱氱殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佸懡鍚�銆佹€ц唱(zh矛)鍜屽悎鎴�锛�
鐠�(hu谩n)姘у寲鍚堢墿锛氱祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佸埗娉�銆佺浉闂�(gu膩n)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍙婇枊鐠�(hu谩n)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)姗�(j墨)鐞�锛岄枊鐠�(hu谩n)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勭珛楂斿寲瀛�(xu茅)銆�
鑰冭│瑕佹眰
1.鎺屾彙鍚勭ó鍛藉悕娉�銆�
2.鐞嗚В閱氱殑鍒舵硶锛氶唶鍒嗗瓙闁撹劔姘�銆佸▉寤夊閬滃悎鎴愭硶銆佺兎姘ф睘鍖�-鑴睘鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆�
3.浜嗚В閱氱殑鐗╃悊鎬ц唱(zh矛)銆�
4.鎺屾彙閱氱殑鍖栧(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛氱敓鎴� 楣�銆侀啔閸电殑鏂疯銆侀亷姘у寲鐗╃殑褰㈡垚銆佸厠钀婃．
閲嶆帓銆�
5.浜嗚В鍐犻啔鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佸懡鍚�銆佹€ц唱(zh矛)鍜屽悎鎴�銆�
6. 鎺屾彙鐠�(hu谩n)姘у寲鍚堢墿闁嬬挵(hu谩n)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勬(j墨)鐞�銆侀枊鐠�(hu谩n)鏂瑰悜鍜岀珛楂斿寲瀛�(xu茅)銆�
7 浜嗚В 鐠�(hu谩n)姘у寲鍚堢墿鐨勫埗娉�銆�
绗崄涓€绔� 閱涘拰閰�
鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
閱涢叜鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屽懡鍚�锛岄啗閰殑鐗╃悊鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛岄啗閰殑鍖栧(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛氳Κ鏍稿姞鎴愬弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆佽垏
姘ㄨ鐢熺墿鐨勫弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛屛� -H 鐨勫弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆佹哀鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)鍜岄倓鍘熷弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆佸叾浠栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆傜景鍩哄姞鎴愬弽
鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勭珛楂斿寲瀛�(xu茅)銆傞啗閰殑鍒跺倷锛氱倲鐑寸殑姘村悎锛岃優浜岄沟浠ｇ墿鐨勬按瑙ｏ紝鐢辩儻鐑�銆佽姵閰兇
鍜岄唶鍒跺倷锛屽倕-鍏�?锛涱姮?锛岃搵寰锋浖-鏌但鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛岀緟妫瓱寰烽倓鍘�锛岄叞姘垏閲戝爆鏈夋(j墨)瑭�
鍔戜綔鐢�銆偽� 锛屛� -涓嶉＝鍜岄啗閰殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佸弽鎳�(y墨ng)鍙婂埗鍌欍€�
鑰冭│瑕佹眰
1. 閱涢叜鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屽懡鍚嶏紝閱涢叜鐨勭墿鐞嗘€ц唱(zh矛)銆�
2. 鎺屾彙閱涢叜鐨勫寲瀛�(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)銆�
3. 鎺屾彙閱涢叜瑕牳鍔犳垚鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍙婃椿鎬э紙鑸� HCN銆丯aSO3銆丷OH銆丷MgX銆佹皑鐨勮鐢熺墿
鐨勫姞鎴愶級銆�
4. 鎺屾彙閱涢叜瑕牳鍔犳垚鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)姗�(j墨)鐞嗐€�
5. 鎺屾彙伪 -H 鐨勫弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆�
6. 鎺屾彙閱涢叜姘у寲鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛圞MnO4/H
+
銆乀ollens 瑭﹀姂銆丗ehling 瑭﹀姂銆佹嫓鑰剁埦-
缍珛鏍兼哀鍖栵級銆�
7. 鎺屾彙閱涢叜閭勫師鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛堝偓鍖栨矮鍖�銆丩iAlH4,NaBH4 閭勫師銆丆lemmensen 閭勫師銆�
Wolff-kishner-榛冮炒榫嶉倓鍘�銆丮eerwein-Ponndorf 閭勫師銆侀噾灞倓鍘�銆佹鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛�
8. 鎺屾彙閱涢叜鐨� Wittig 鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛屽畨鎭绺悎锛孊eckman 閲嶆帓鍙婅垏 PCl5 鐨勫弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆�
9. 鎺屾彙缇板熀鍔犳垚鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勭珛楂斿寲瀛�(xu茅)銆�
10.浜嗚В伪 锛屛� -涓嶉＝鍜岄啗閰殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佸弽鎳�(y墨ng)鍙婂埗鍌�銆�
11.鎺屾彙閱涢叜鐨勫埗鍌欙細鐐旂兇鐨勬按鍚�锛岃優浜岄沟浠ｇ墿鐨勬按瑙ｏ紝鐢辩儻鐑�銆佽姵閰兇鍜�
閱囧埗鍌�锛屽倕-鍏�?锛涱姮顕橆儰w寰锋浖-鏌但鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛岀緟妫瓱寰烽倓鍘燂紝閰版隘鑸囬噾灞湁姗�(j墨)瑭﹀姂
浣滅敤銆�
绗崄浜岀珷 鏍哥鍏辨尟鍜岃唱(zh矛)璀�
鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
鏍哥鍏辨尟璀滅殑鍩烘湰鍘熺悊锛岃唱(zh矛)瀛愮殑灞忚斀鏁堟噳(y墨ng)鍜屽寲瀛�(xu茅)浣嶇Щ锛屽奖闊垮寲瀛�(xu茅)浣嶇Щ鐨勫洜绱�锛�
鑷棆鍋跺悎鍜岃嚜鏃嬭鍒嗭紝鏍规摎(j霉)绨″柈鏈夋(j墨)鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鏍哥鍏辨尟璀滄帹娓叾绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆傝唱(zh矛)璀滅殑鍩�
鏈師鐞�锛岃唱(zh矛)璀滄墍鑳芥彁渚涚殑淇℃伅锛孧S 涓殑 M
+
鍙婅瑙ｆ柟寮忥紝鐑撮鍜岄沟浠ｇ兇鐨勮唱(zh矛)璀滅壒
寰�銆�
鑰冭│瑕佹眰
1.浜嗚В鏍哥鍏辨尟璀滅殑鍩烘湰鍘熺悊銆�
2.鐞嗚В璩�(zh矛)瀛愮殑灞忚斀鏁堟噳(y墨ng)鍜屽寲瀛�(xu茅)浣嶇Щ銆�
3.浜嗚В鑷棆鍋跺悎鍜岃嚜鏃嬭鍒�銆�
4.鏈�(hu矛)鏍规摎(j霉)绨″柈鏈夋(j墨)鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鏍哥鍏辨尟璀滄彁渚涚殑淇℃伅锛屾帹娓叾绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆�
5.鐭ラ亾璩�(zh矛)璀滅殑鍩烘湰鍘熺悊锛岃唱(zh矛)璀滄墍鑳芥彁渚涚殑淇℃伅锛孧S 涓殑 M
+
鍙婅瑙ｆ柟寮�銆�
绗崄涓夌珷 绱呭鑸囩传澶栧厜璀�
鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
绱呭鍏夎瓬鐨勫熀鏈師鐞�锛屽奖闊跨磪澶栧惛鏀剁殑鍥犵礌锛岀传澶栧厜璀滅殑鍩烘湰鍘熺悊锛屽奖闊跨传
澶栧惛鏀剁殑鍥犵礌銆�
鑰冭│瑕佹眰
1. 浜嗚В绱呭鍏夎瓬鐨勫熀鏈師鐞嗗拰鐗瑰緛鍚告敹銆�
2. 鎺屾彙褰遍熆绱呭鍚告敹鐨勫洜绱�銆�
3. 浜嗚В绱鍏夎瓬鐨勫熀鏈師鐞嗗拰鐗瑰緛鍚告敹銆�
4. 鎺屾彙褰遍熆绱鍚告敹鐨勫洜绱�銆�
绗崄鍥涚珷 缇ч吀
鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
缇ч吀鐨勫垎椤�锛岀祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛岀墿鐞嗘€ц唱(zh矛)锛岀晶閰哥殑鍒舵硶锛岀晶閰哥殑鍛藉悕(IUPAC)?锛涚槣W(xu茅)鎬�
璩�(zh矛)锛氶吀鎬�锛屽彇浠ｅ熀灏嶉吀鎬у奖闊匡紝缇ч吀缇板熀鐨勫弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛岃劔缇у弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛屛� 锛岺 楣典唬鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆�
浜屽厓閰哥殑閰告€у強鐔卞垎瑙ｅ弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆傜晶閰哥殑鍒舵硶锛氭哀鍖栨硶锛岃厛鐨勬按瑙�锛岀敱鏍煎紡瑭﹀姂鍚堟垚
鍙婃补鑴傜殑姘磋В銆傞厷閰哥殑鍒跺倷锛�
鑰冭│瑕佹眰
1.浜嗚В缇ч吀鐨勫垎椤�銆傜悊瑙ｇ晶鍩虹殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆�
2.鐭ラ亾缇ч吀鐨勭墿鐞嗘€ц唱(zh矛)銆�
3. 鎺屾彙缇ч吀鐨勫懡鍚�(IUPAC)銆�
4. 鎺屾彙缇ч吀鐨勯吀鎬у強褰遍熆閰告€х殑鍥犵礌銆�
5. 鎺屾彙缇ч吀鐨勫埗娉�銆�
6. 鎺屾彙缇ч吀閭勫師鐐洪唶锛岃劔缇�锛屛� 锛岺 楣典唬绛夊弽鎳�(y墨ng)
7. 鎺屾彙浜屽厓閰哥殑閰告€у強鐔卞垎瑙ｅ弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆�
8. 浜嗚В閰氶吀鐨勫埗鍌�銆�
9.浜嗚В缇ュ熀閰哥殑鍒跺倷鍙婂寲瀛�(xu茅)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆�
绗崄浜旂珷缇ч吀琛嶇敓鐗�
鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
缇ч吀琛嶇敓鐗╃殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛屽懡鍚�锛岀墿鐞嗘€ц唱(zh矛)锛岄叝銆侀叞楣点€侀吀閰�銆侀叞鑳哄拰鑵堢殑鍙栦唬鍙�
鎳�(y墨ng)鍙婄浉浜掕綁(zhu菐n)鍖�锛岃Κ鏍稿彇浠ｅ弽鎳�(y墨ng)姗�(j墨)鐞嗗拰鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)娲绘€�銆傞叞姘�銆侀叝銆佽厛鑸囬噾灞│鍔戠殑鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛�
閰�銆侀叞楣�銆侀叞鑳哄拰鑵堢殑閭勫師鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆傞叝鐨勭啽娑堝幓鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆�
鑰冭│瑕佹眰
1.浜嗚В缇ч吀琛嶇敓鐗╃殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佸懡鍚嶅拰鐗╃悊鎬ц唱(zh矛)銆�
2.鎺屾彙閰�銆侀叞楣点€侀吀閰�銆侀叞鑳哄拰鑵堢殑鍙栦唬鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍙婄浉浜掕綁(zhu菐n)鍖�銆�
3. 鎺屾彙瑕牳鍙栦唬鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)姗�(j墨)鐞嗗拰鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)娲绘€с€�
4. 鎺屾彙閰版隘銆侀叝銆佽厛鑸囬噾灞│鍔戠殑鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆�
5. 鎺屾彙閰€侀叞楣�銆侀叞鑳哄拰鑵堢殑閭勫師鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆�
6.浜嗚В閰殑鐔辨秷鍘诲弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆�
绗崄鍏珷 缇ч吀琛嶇敓鐗╂秹鍙婄⒊璨�(f霉)闆㈠瓙鐨勫弽鎳�(y墨ng)鍙婂湪鍚堟垚涓殑鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�
鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
??姘殑閰告€у拰浜掕畩鐣版(g貌u)锛岄叝绺悎鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍙婂叾鍦ㄥ悎鎴愪腑鐨勬噳(y墨ng)鐢�锛屼箼閰颁箼閰镐箼閰拰
涓欎簩閰镐簩涔欓叝鍜屽叾瀹冮吀鎬у寲鍚堢墿鐨�??姘⒊璨�(f霉)闆㈠瓙鐨勮Κ鏍稿彇浠ｅ弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆佽Κ鏍稿姞鎴愬弽鎳�(y墨ng)
鍙婂湪鏈夋(j墨)鍚堟垚涓殑鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�銆�
鑰冭│瑕佹眰
1.鐞嗚В??姘殑閰告€у拰浜掕畩鐣版(g貌u)銆�
2.鎺屾彙閰府鍚堝弽鎳�(y墨ng)鍙婂叾鍦ㄥ悎鎴愪腑鐨勬噳(y墨ng)鐢�銆�
3. 鎺屾彙涔欓叞涔欓吀涔欓叝鍜屼笝浜岄吀浜屼箼閰拰鍏跺畠閰告€у寲鍚堢墿鐨�??姘⒊璨�(f霉)闆㈠瓙鐨�
瑕牳鍙栦唬鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍙婂湪鏈夋(j墨)鍚堟垚涓殑鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�銆�
4. 鎺屾彙涔欓叞涔欓吀涔欓叝鍜屼笝浜岄吀浜屼箼閰拰鍏跺畠閰告€у寲鍚堢墿鐨�??姘⒊璨�(f霉)闆㈠瓙鐨�
瑕牳鍔犳垚鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍙婂湪鏈夋(j墨)鍚堟垚涓殑鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�銆�
5.鎺屾彙鍏嬭叇鏂囪搵鐖惧弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆侀亥鍏嬬埦鍔犳垚銆佺憺浣涢Μ鏂熀鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆侀仈(d谩)鐖炬．鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍙婃櫘鐖�
閲戝弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆�
绗崄涓冪珷 鑳�
鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
鑳虹殑鍒嗛锛岀祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛岃兒鐨勫懡鍚�锛屼富瑕佺墿鐞嗘€ц唱(zh矛)锛岃兒鐨勫埗娉�锛岃兒鐨勫牽鎬у強褰遍熆鍫�
鎬х殑鍥犵礌銆傝兒鐨勫埗鍌欙細楣典唬鐑存皑瑙�锛岃搵甯冪憺鐖惧悎鎴�锛岀鍩哄寲鍚堢墿鐨勯倓鍘�锛岃厛鍙婂叾
浠栧惈姘寲鍚堢墿鐨勯倓鍘�锛岄湇澶浖閲嶆帓锛屽竷姝囩埦鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛屾浖灏艰ū鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆傝兒鐨勫寲瀛�(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛�
鑳虹殑鐑峰熀鍖�锛屽竟搴曠敳鍩哄寲鍜岄湇澶浖娑堝幓鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛屽彅鑳烘哀鍖栧拰绉戞郸娑堝幓鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛岄叞鍖栧拰
纾�?锛涱嚞纾�?y墨ng)锛屼集銆佷徊銆佸彅鑳鸿垏 HNO2 鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆傜儻鑳虹殑鐢熸垚鍙婂叾鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆傝姵鑳虹挵(hu谩n)涓婄殑鍙�
鎳�(y墨ng)銆傞噸姘寲鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍜岄噸姘菇锛岄噸姘敳鐑风殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屽弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆�
鑰冭│瑕佹眰
1.鐞嗚В鑳虹殑鍒嗛銆佺祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆�
2.鎺屾彙鑳虹殑鍛藉悕(绯荤当(t菕ng)鍛藉悕娉曡垏鍦嬮殯鍛藉悕娉曟湁鍒�)銆�
3.鐞嗚В鑳轰富瑕佺殑鐗╃悊鎬ц唱(zh矛)銆�
4.鎺屾彙鑳虹殑鍒舵硶锛氶沟浠ｇ兇姘ㄨВ锛岃搵甯冪憺鐖惧悎鎴�锛岀鍩哄寲鍚堢墿鐨勯倓鍘�锛岃厛鍙婂叾
浠栧惈姘寲鍚堢墿鐨勯倓鍘�锛岄湇澶浖閲嶆帓锛屽竷姝囩埦鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛屾浖灏艰ū鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆�
5. 鎺屾彙鑳虹殑鍫挎€у強褰遍熆鍫挎€х殑鍥犵礌锛屼簡瑙ｆ媶鍒嗘墜鎬ц兒鐨勬柟娉曘€�
6.鐞嗚В鑳虹殑鐑峰熀鍖�锛屽竟搴曠敳鍩哄寲鍜岄湇澶浖娑堝幓鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛屽彅鑳烘哀鍖栧拰绉戞郸娑堝幓鍙�
鎳�(y墨ng)锛�?锛涱嚡绐侀厠锛涱嚞纾�?y墨ng)銆�
7. 鎺屾彙浼�銆佷徊銆佸彅鑳鸿垏 HNO2 鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勫崁(q奴)鍒�銆�
8. 鎺屾彙鑺宠兒鐨勭壒娈婂弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆�
9. 鎺屾彙鐑兒鐨勭敓鎴愬強鍏跺弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆�
10. 鎺屾彙閲嶆爱鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)鍜岄噸姘菇銆�
绗崄鍏珷 鍗�(xi茅)鍚屽弽鎳�(y墨ng)
鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
鍗�(xi茅)鍚屽弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勭壒榛�(di菐n)锛屽墠绶氳粚閬撴硶锛岃粚閬撳皪绋辨€у畧鎭掑師鍓�锛岀珛楂旈伕鎿囨€х殑瑙ｉ噵銆�
4n蟺 鍜�(4n+2)蟺 闆诲瓙楂旂郴鐨勯浕鐠�(hu谩n)鍖栵紝鐠�(hu谩n)鍔犳垚鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勪竴鑸(gu墨)寰�锛屾矮鍜岀⒊鐨刐l,j]閬�
绉诲強[3,3]閬风Щ銆�
鑰冭│瑕佹眰
1.浜嗚В鍗�(xi茅)鍚屽弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勭壒榛�(di菐n)銆�
2.浜嗚В鍓嶇窔杌岄亾娉�銆�
3.浜嗚В杌岄亾灏嶇ū鎬у畧鎭掑師鍓�銆�
4.鎺屾彙鍗�(xi茅)鍚屽弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勭珛楂旈伕鎿囨€�銆�
5.浜嗚В 4n蟺 鍜� (4n+2)蟺 闆诲瓙楂旂郴鐨勯浕鐠�(hu谩n)鍖栥€�
6.鐞嗚В鐠�(hu谩n)鍔犳垚鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勪竴鑸(gu墨)寰�銆�
7. 姘拰纰崇殑[l,j]閬风Щ鍙奫3,3]閬风Щ銆�
绗崄涔濈珷 纰虫按鍖栧悎鐗�
鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
纰虫按鍖栧悎鐗╃殑瀹氱京鍜屽垎椤�锛屽柈绯栫殑 D/L 妲�(g貌u)鍨�锛岃憽钀勭硸鍜屾灉绯栫殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜岃畩鏃嬪厜
鐝�(xi脿n)璞★紝鍠硸鐨勬哀鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛欶ehling 瑭﹀姂銆乀ollens 瑭﹀姂銆佹捍姘�銆佺閰�銆侀珮纰橀吀锛�
閭勫師锛岄啔鐨勭敓鎴�锛岄叝鐨勭敓鎴愶紝閱涚硸鐨勯仦鍗囧拰閬為檷锛屾湀娈�銆佽嫹鐨勭敓鎴�銆傞噸瑕佺殑鍠硸:
钁¤悇绯�銆佹灉绯栥€佹牳绯栥€�2锛嶅幓姘ф牳绯�銆�
钄楃硸銆侀亥鑺界硸銆佺簴缍簩绯栫殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍙婄⒑瀹氬叾妲�(g貌u)鍨嬬殑瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)鏍规摎(j霉)銆�
娣€绮夌殑姘磋В鍜屽垎闆�锛岀洿閺堟穩绮�銆佹敮閺堟穩绮夌殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屾€ц唱(zh矛)锛岀硦绮剧殑鐗╃悊鎬ц唱(zh矛)鍜�
娣€绮夌殑鏀规€с€傜簴缍礌鐨勪締婧�锛岀祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛岀墿鐞嗗拰鍖栧(xu茅)鍔犲伐鏂规硶銆�
鑰冭│瑕佹眰
1.浜嗚В纰虫按鍖栧悎鐗╃殑瀹氱京鍜屽垎椤�銆�
2.浜嗚В鍠硸鐨� D/L 妲�(g貌u)鍨嬨€�
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7.鐞嗚В鏈堟锛岃嫹鐨勭敓鎴�銆�
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鑰冭│瑕佹眰
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鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
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鑰冭│瑕佹眰
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閬庢烤銆佽杽灞よ壊璀�銆佹煴灞よ壊璀滅瓑鍒嗛洟鎻愮磾鎿嶄綔鍙婃敞鎰忎簨闋�(xi脿ng)銆�
3. 鎺屾彙鏈夋(j墨)鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鐗╃悊鎬ц唱(zh矛)娓畾鎶€琛�(sh霉)锛氬鎶樺厜娓畾銆佹姌鍏夌巼銆佺啍榛�(di菐n)銆佹哺
榛�(di菐n)鐨勬脯瀹氱瓑銆�
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閰搁厫鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛�7-姘ч洔闆欑挵(hu谩n)-銆�2,2,1銆�-搴�-5-鐑�-2,3-浜岀晶閰搁厫鍒跺倷锛�锛岄噸姘寲鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛堢敳
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