鍙嬫儏鎻愮ず锛氭湰绔欐彁渚涘叏鍦�400澶氭墍楂樼瓑闄㈡牎鎷涙敹纰╁+銆佸崥澹爺绌剁敓鍏ュ鑰冭│姝峰勾鑰冪爺鐪熼銆佽€冨崥鐪熼銆佺瓟妗�锛岄儴鍒嗗鏍℃洿鏂拌嚦2012骞�锛�2013骞�锛涘潎鎻愪緵鏀惰不涓嬭級銆� 涓嬭級娴佺▼锛� 鑰冪爺鐪熼 榛炴搳鈥�鑰冪爺瑭﹀嵎鈥濃€濅笅杓�; 鑰冨崥鐪熼 榛炴搳鈥�鑰冨崥瑭﹀嵎搴�鈥� 涓嬭級
婀栧崡甯寖澶у纰╁+鐮旂┒鐢熷叆瀛歌€冭│鑷懡椤岃€冭│澶х侗 鑰冭│绉戠洰浠g⒓锛歔823] 鑰冭│绉戠洰鍚嶇ū锛氱鐞嗗缍滃悎 涓€銆佽€冭│褰㈠紡鑸囪│鍗风祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u) 1)瑭﹀嵎鎴愮妇鍙婅€冭│鏅傞枔锛� 鏈│鍗锋豢鍒嗙偤 150 鍒�锛岃€冭│鏅傞枔鐐� 180 鍒嗛悩銆� 2)绛旈鏂瑰紡锛氶枆鍗�銆佺瓎瑭� 3)瑭﹀嵎鍏�(n猫i)瀹圭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u) 鍫辫€冩渻瑷堝灏堟キ(y猫) 鍫辫€冧紒妤�(y猫)绠$悊灏堟キ(y猫) 锛堜竴锛夌鐞嗗鍘熺悊閮ㄥ垎鍗� 40%锛�60 鍒� 锛堜簩锛夊熀绀�(ch菙)鏈冭▓閮ㄥ垎榛� 60%锛�90 鍒� 锛堜竴锛夌鐞嗗鍘熺悊閮ㄥ垎鍗� 60%锛�90 鍒� 锛堜簩锛夊熀绀�(ch菙)鏈冭▓閮ㄥ垎榛� 40%锛�60 鍒� 4)椤屽瀷绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u) 鍚嶈瑙i噵椤岋細6 灏忛锛屾瘡灏忛 5 鍒�锛屽叡 30 鍒� 鍒ゆ柗椤岋細 10 灏忛锛屾瘡灏忛 2 鍒�锛屽叡 20 鍒� 绨$瓟椤岋細 2 灏忛锛屾瘡灏忛 10 鍒�锛屽叡 20 鍒� 鍒嗘瀽璜栬堪椤岀瓑锛�4 灏忛锛屾瘡灏忛 20 鍒嗭紝鍏� 80 鍒� 浜�銆佽€冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹硅垏鑰冭│瑕佹眰 锛堜竴锛夌鐞嗗鍘熺悊閮ㄥ垎 鑰冭│鐩锛� 閫氶亷瀛哥繏瑕佹眰瀛哥敓鎺屾彙浼佹キ(y猫)绠$悊鎬濇兂鐨勭櫦(f膩)灞曟部闈�銆佺鐞嗙殑鏂规硶銆佹墜娈典互鍙婁紒妤�(y猫)绠� 鐞嗛亷绋嬬瓑銆� 鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�: 涓€銆佺附璜� (涓€)绠$悊鐨勫畾缇�銆佺鐞嗙殑鍩烘湰鑱疯兘鍙婂叾鐩镐簰闂�(gu膩n)绯�锛� 锛堜簩锛夌鐞嗚€呯殑瑙掕壊鑸囨妧鑳�锛岀鐞嗙殑灞€�锛� 锛堜笁锛夌鐞嗗鐨勫皪璞¤垏鏂规硶锛� 锛堝洓锛変腑瑗挎柟绠$悊鎬濇兂鐨勪富瑕佷唬琛ㄤ汉鐗╁強鍏舵€濇兂锛岀鐞嗘€濇兂鐨勭櫦(f膩)灞曟绋�锛� 锛堜簲锛夌鐞嗗師鐞嗙殑鍩烘湰鐗瑰緛锛岀鐞嗙殑绯荤当(t菕ng)銆佷汉鏈€佽铂浠�銆佹晥鐩婂師鐞嗐€� 锛堝叚锛夐亾寰风鐞�銆佷紒妤�(y猫)绀炬渻璨换鐨勫畾缇┿€佺壒寰�锛屽奖闊跨鐞嗛亾寰风殑鍥犵礌銆佹敼鍠� 浼佹キ(y猫)閬撳痉鐨勯€斿緫銆� 锛堜竷锛夌鐞嗙殑鏂规硶璜�锛屼簡瑙f硶寰�銆佽鏀�銆佺稉(j墨ng)婵�銆佹暀鑲�銆佹妧琛�(sh霉)绛夋柟娉�銆� 浜�銆佹焙绛� 锛堜竴锛夋焙绛栫殑瀹氱京銆佸師鍓囧拰渚濇摎(j霉)锛� 锛堜簩锛夋焙绛栫殑鍒嗛鍜岀壒榛烇紝姹虹瓥鐞嗚珫鎻愬嚭鐨勮儗鏅�銆佺壒榛炲強鍩烘湰鍏�(n猫i)瀹�锛� 锛堜笁锛夋焙绛栭亷绋嬪強鍏朵腑鐨勫師鍓囷紝涓昏姹虹瓥鏂规硶鐨勪娇鐢�锛� 锛堝洓锛夎▓鍔冪殑姒傚康銆佸収(n猫i)瀹�銆佹€ц唱(zh矛)锛岃▓鍔冪殑灞ゆ楂旂郴锛岃▓鍔冪殑绶ㄥ埗閬庣▼銆� 锛堜簲锛夎▓鍔冪祫绻斿鏂界殑涓昏鏂规硶锛堝寘鎷熀鏈€濇兂鍜岀壒寰侊級銆� 涓夈€佺祫绻� 锛堜竴锛夌祫绻旇ō(sh猫)瑷堢殑褰遍熆鍥犵礌锛岀祫绻旇ō(sh猫)瑷堢殑浠诲嫏(w霉)鍜屽師鍓囷紱 锛堜簩锛夌祫绻旈儴闁€鍖栫殑鎰忕京鍙婇儴闁€鍖栫殑鍩烘湰褰㈠紡锛� 锛堜笁锛夌祫绻斿堡绱氳垏绠$悊骞呭害鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯�锛岀祫绻斿堡绱氬寲瑷�(sh猫)瑷堜腑闂�(gu膩n)浜庢瑠(qu谩n)鍔涘垎閰嶇殑骞惧€� 鍩烘湰姒傚康鍜屽郊姝ょ殑鐩镐簰闂�(gu膩n)绯伙紝鐣朵粖鍏稿瀷鐨勭祫绻旂祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)椤炲瀷鍙婂叾鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�銆� 锛堝洓锛変汉鍝¢厤鍌欑殑浠诲嫏(w霉)銆佺▼搴忓拰鍘熷墖锛屾帉鎻$鐞嗕汉鍝$殑閬歌仒銆佽€冭⿻鍜屽煿瑷�銆� 鏄庣⒑姝e紡绲勭箶鑸囬潪姝e紡绲勭箶鐨勫崁(q奴)鍒�锛岀洿绶氳垏鍙冭瑎鐨勫畾缇�锛屼簡瑙e鍝℃渻鐨勫姛鑳姐€� 锛堜簲锛夋帉鎻$祫绻旇畩闈�銆佺祫绻旀枃鍖栫殑鍏�(n猫i)娑�銆備簡瑙g祫绻旇畩闈╃殑涓€鑸(gu墨)寰�锛屼互鍙婅畩 闈╀腑鐨勫鍔�銆侀樆鍔涖€佺祫绻旀矕绐佸強鍏剁浉鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勭鐞嗚睛娉�銆傛帉鎻$祫绻旀枃鍖栫殑鐗瑰緛鑸囧姛鑳斤紝 浜嗚В绲勭箶鏂囧寲鐨勫閫犻€斿緫銆� 鍥涖€侀牁(l菒ng)灏� 锛堜竴锛夐牁(l菒ng)灏�銆侀牁(l菒ng)灏庤€呯殑鍏�(n猫i)娑�銆佷綔鐢紱 锛堜簩锛夐牁(l菒ng)灏庢柟寮忕殑鐞嗚珫锛岀鐞嗘柟鏍艰珫銆佹瑠(qu谩n)璁婄悊璜�銆侀牁(l菒ng)灏庣敓鍛藉懆鏈熺悊璜栫殑 鍏�(n猫i)瀹广€� 锛堜笁锛夋縺鍕电殑姒傚康銆佹縺鍕电殑鍘熺悊锛屼富瑕佹縺鍕电悊璜栫殑鏍稿績鍏�(n猫i)瀹瑰強鍏舵剰缇�銆� 锛堝洓锛夋簼閫氱殑姒傚康鍜岄亷绋�锛屾簼閫氱殑閲嶈鎰忕京锛屽奖闊挎湁鏁堟簼閫氱殑鍥犵礌鍙婂厠鏈嶆簼 閫氶殰绀欑殑婧栧墖銆� 浜�銆佹帶鍒� 锛堜竴锛夌鐞嗕俊鎭畾缇╋紝浜嗚В绠$悊淇℃伅绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勯枊鐧�(f膩)锛岀鐞嗕俊鎭妧琛�(sh霉)鐨勯亱鐢ㄥ強鐧�(f膩) 灞曘€� 锛堜簩锛夋帶鍒剁殑鍏�(n猫i)娑靛強鎺у埗宸ヤ綔鐨勪富瑕佸収(n猫i)瀹�锛屾帶鍒剁殑蹇呰鎬�锛屾帶鍒剁殑閬庣▼鍙婂叾 涓殑娉ㄦ剰浜嬮爡锛屽鐝�(xi脿n)鏈夋晥鐨勬帶鍒剁殑骞惧€嬪師鍓�锛� 锛堜笁锛夋帶鍒剁殑椤炲瀷浠ュ強闋�(y霉)绠�銆佸瑷堢瓑鎺у埗鏂规硶锛� 锛堝洓锛夋帶鍒剁殑椤炲瀷浠ュ強闋�(y霉)绠�銆侀潪闋�(y霉)绠�銆佹垚鏈�銆佺瓑鎺у埗鏂规硶銆� 鍏€佺鐞嗗鍓嶆部 鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹癸細绠$悊瀛稿墠娌垮強鐔遍粸鍟忛锛岃€冨療瀛哥敓灏嶇浉闂�(gu膩n)闋�(l菒ng)鍩熺啽榛炲晱椤岀殑闂�(gu膩n)娉ㄨ垏 鎬濊€冦€� (浜�) 鍩虹(ch菙)鏈冭▓閮ㄥ垎 鑰冭│鐩锛� 閫氶亷瀛哥繏浜嗚В鏈冭▓鐨勮伔鑳�銆佹柟娉�銆佺洰妯�锛屽師鐞�銆佸師鍓�銆佹渻瑷堝亣瑷�(sh猫)锛屾帉鎻′紒妤�(y猫) 涓昏缍�(j墨ng)婵熸キ(y猫)鍕�(w霉)鐨勬牳绠楋紝浜嗚В鏈冭▓淇℃伅鐨勫舰鎴愰亷绋嬩互鍙婃渻瑷堜俊鎭枔鐨勫嬀绋介棞(gu膩n)绯�銆� 鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹癸細 涓€.绺借珫 (涓€)鏈冭▓鐨勫熀鏈伔鑳姐€佹渻瑷堝皪璞$殑娑电京浠ュ強浼佹キ(y猫)缍�(j墨ng)婵熸椿鍕曠殑鍏烽珨鍏�(n猫i)瀹�锛� (浜�)璩囩敘(ch菐n)銆佽矤鍌�銆佹墍鏈夎€呮瑠(qu谩n)鐩�銆佹敹鍏�銆佽不鐢ㄥ拰鍒╂饯鍏ぇ鏈冭▓瑕佺礌鍙婃渻瑷堢鐩� 鐨勫畾缇╀互鍙婄⒑瑾嶆浠跺拰瑷堥噺灞€�銆� (涓�)鏈冭▓绛夊紡鐨勬亽绛夊師鐞嗐€佹渻瑷堝熀鏈亣瑷�(sh猫)鍜屾瑠(qu谩n)璨櫦(f膩)鐢熷埗绛夋渻瑷堝熀鏈悊璜�锛� (鍥�)鏈冭▓鏍哥畻鏂规硶鐨勭祫鎴愬収(n猫i)瀹瑰拰鐩镐簰鑱�(li谩n)绯伙紝浜嗚В鏈冭▓寰挵(hu谩n)鐨勫収(n猫i)瀹�锛� (浜�)寰�(f霉)寮忚璩殑鍘熺悊鍜岀壒榛�锛屽€熻哺瑷樿超娉曠殑璩埗绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佽璩(gu墨)鍓�銆佽超鎴剁殑灏� 鎳�(y墨ng)闂�(gu膩n)绯�銆佹渻瑷堝垎閷勭殑绶ㄥ埗浠ュ強鍊熻哺瑷樿超娉曠殑瑭︾畻骞宠 鍘熺悊銆� 浜�.璩埗鐨勫垎椤� (涓€)璩埗鎸夌敤閫斿拰绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍒嗛鐨勭洰鐨�锛� (浜�)璩埗鎸夌稉(j墨ng)婵熷収(n猫i)瀹瑰垎椤炵殑鐩殑锛屽悇澶ч璩埗涓寘鎷殑涓€浜涘父瑕嬭超鎴�锛� (涓�)鎸夌敤閫斿強鍏剁祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍒嗛鐨勫悇璩埗鐗归粸銆佺祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛� (鍥�)鎸夌稉(j墨ng)婵熷収(n猫i)瀹硅垏鎸夌敤閫斿拰绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍏╃ó璩埗鍒嗛涔嬮枔鐨勮伅(li谩n)绯�銆� 涓�. 浼佹キ(y猫)涓昏缍�(j墨ng)婵熸キ(y猫)鍕�(w霉)鐨勬牳绠� (涓€)浼佹キ(y猫)绫岃硣妤�(y猫)鍕�(w霉)鏍哥畻锛� (浜�)浼佹キ(y猫)閲囪臣閬庣▼鐨勬牳绠�锛� 锛堜笁锛変紒妤�(y猫)鐢熺敘(ch菐n)閬庣▼鐨勬牳绠楋紱 锛堝洓锛変紒妤�(y猫)鐢�(ch菐n)鍝侀姺鍞亷绋嬬殑鏍哥畻锛� 锛堜簲锛変紒妤�(y猫)鍒╂饯鐨勫舰鎴愯垏鍒嗛厤鐨勬牳绠�锛� 锛堝叚锛夎硣閲戦€€鍑虹殑鏍哥畻锛� 鍥�.鏈冭▓鎲戣瓑 锛堜竴锛夊~鍒跺拰瀵╂牳鏈冭▓鎲戣瓑鐨勬剰缇�锛� 锛堜簩锛夋渻瑷堟啈璀夌殑绋銆� 锛堜笁锛夊師濮嬫啈璀夌殑鍩烘湰瑕佺礌銆佸~鍒惰姹傚拰瀵╂牳鍏�(n猫i)瀹�锛涙帉鎻″師濮嬫啈璀夌殑绋鍜屽~ 鍒跺師濮嬫啈璀夌殑鎶€琛�(sh霉)鏂规硶銆� 锛堝洓锛夎璩啈璀夌殑鍩烘湰瑕佺礌銆佸~鍒惰姹傚拰瀵╂牳鍏�(n猫i)瀹�锛涜璩啈璀夌殑绋鍜屽~鍒惰 璩啈璀夌殑鎶€琛�(sh霉)鏂规硶銆� 锛堜簲锛夋渻瑷堟啈璀夌殑鍌抽仦鍜屼繚绠°€� 浜�. 鏈冭▓璩翱 锛堜竴锛夎ō(sh猫)缃拰鐧昏鏈冭▓璩翱鐨勯噸瑕佹剰缇�銆佹渻瑷堣超绨跨殑绋銆佽ō(sh猫)缃渻瑷堣超绨跨殑 鍘熷墖浠ュ強鏈冭▓璩翱鐨勫熀鏈绱�锛� 锛堜簩锛夌従(xi脿n)閲戞棩瑷樿超鍜岄妧琛屽瓨娆炬棩瑷樿超銆佺附鍒嗛璩�銆佹槑绱板垎椤炶超鐨勬牸寮忋€佸収(n猫i)瀹� 鍜岀櫥瑷樻柟娉�锛� 锛堜笁锛夌附鍒嗛璩垏鏄庣窗鍒嗛璩殑闂�(gu膩n)绯诲強鍏跺钩琛岀櫥瑷樿(gu墨)鍓�锛� 锛堝洓锛夋渻瑷堣超绨跨殑鍟熺敤瑕�(gu墨)鍓�锛� 锛堜簲锛夋渻瑷堣超绨跨殑鐧昏瑕�(gu墨)鍓囦互鍙婇尟璩洿姝g殑鏂规硶 鍏�.鏈冭▓寰挵(hu谩n)鍜屾渻瑷堣超鍕�(w霉)铏曠悊绋嬪簭 锛堜竴锛夋渻瑷堝惊鐠�(hu谩n)鐨勬剰缇�锛� 锛堜簩锛夋渻瑷堣超鍕�(w霉)铏曠悊绋嬪簭鐨勬剰缇╁拰閬哥敤璩嫏(w霉)铏曠悊绋嬪簭鎳�(y墨ng)鑰冩叜鐨勫洜绱狅紱 锛堜笁锛夋渻瑷堣超鍕�(w霉)铏曠悊绋嬪簭鐨勭壒榛�銆佹椹�銆佷富瑕佸劒(y艒u)缂洪粸鍜岄仼鐢ㄨ寖鍦� 涓�銆佽病鐢�(ch菐n)娓呮煡 锛堜竴锛夎病鐢�(ch菐n)娓呮煡鐨勬剰缇�銆佺ó椤炲拰娓呮煡鐨勪竴鑸▼搴忥紱 锛堜簩锛夎波骞h硣閲�銆佸偟娆�(qu谩n)鍌靛嫏(w霉)鐨勬竻鏌ユ柟娉�锛屼互鍙婂瓨璨ㄧ殑鐩ゅ瓨鍒跺拰鐩ら粸瀵︾墿璨$敘(ch菐n) 鐨勬柟娉�锛� 锛堜笁锛夎病鐢�(ch菐n)娓呮煡绲�(ji茅)鏋滅殑铏曠悊绋嬪簭锛屾帉鎻¤病鐢�(ch菐n)娓呮煡绲�(ji茅)鏋滅殑璩嫏(w霉)铏曠悊銆� 鍏�.璨″嫏(w霉)鍫卞憡 锛堜竴锛夎病鍕�(w霉)鍫卞憡鐨勬(g貌u)鎴�銆佽病鍕�(w霉)鍫辫〃鐨勭ó椤炲拰璨″嫏(w霉)鍫卞憡绶ㄥ埗瑕佹眰锛� 锛堜簩锛夎病鍕�(w霉)鍫辫〃鍒楀牨鐨勫熀鏈姹�锛� 锛堜笁锛夎硣鐢�(ch菐n)璨犲偟琛ㄧ殑鏍煎紡鍜屽~鍒楁柟娉曪紱 锛堝洓锛夊埄娼よ〃鐨勬牸寮忓拰濉垪鏂规硶锛� 锛堜簲锛夌従(xi脿n)閲戞祦閲忚〃鐨勬剰缇┿€佹(g貌u)鎴愬強绶ㄥ埗鍘熺悊 涔�.鏈冭▓瀛稿墠娌� 鏈冭▓瀛稿墠娌垮強鐔遍粸鍟忛锛岃€冨療瀛哥敓灏嶇浉闂�(gu膩n)闋�(l菒ng)鍩熺啽榛炲晱椤岀殑闂�(gu膩n)娉ㄨ垏鎬濊€�銆� 涓�銆佸弮鑰冩浉鐩� [1] 鍛ㄤ笁澶�,闄冲偝鏄�, 榄槑娉�, 绠$悊瀛革細鍘熺悊鑸囨柟娉�. 5ed. 2011, 寰�(f霉)鏃﹀ぇ瀛� 鍑虹増绀�: 涓婃捣. [2] 鏂拏鑺�?P.缇呰硴鏂�,鐟簵?搴埦鐗�, 绠$悊瀛�. 11ed. 2012, 鍖椾含: 涓湅浜烘皯 澶у鍑虹増绀�. [3] 鍚虫按婢�锛岋紙寤堥杸澶у鏈冭▓瀛哥郴鍒楁暀鏉愶級鏈冭▓瀛稿師鐞�锛�1 ed. 2011锛屽寳浜�锛� 缍�(j墨ng)婵熺瀛稿嚭鐗堢ぞ
鍏嶈铂鑱叉槑锛氭湰鏂囩郴杞�(zhu菐n)杓夎嚜缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)锛屽鏈変镜鐘紝璜嬭伅(li谩n)绯绘垜鍊戠珛鍗冲埅闄�锛屽彟锛氭湰鏂囧儏浠h〃浣滆€呭€嬩汉瑙€榛�锛岃垏鏈恫(w菐ng)绔欑劇闂�(gu膩n)銆傚叾鍘熷壍(chu脿ng)鎬т互鍙婃枃涓櫝杩版枃瀛楀拰鍏�(n猫i)瀹规湭缍�(j墨ng)鏈珯璀夊锛屽皪鏈枃浠ュ強鍏朵腑鍏ㄩ儴鎴栬€呴儴鍒嗗収(n猫i)瀹�銆佹枃瀛楃殑鐪熷鎬�銆佸畬鏁存€�銆佸強鏅傛€ф湰绔欎笉浣滀换浣曚繚璀夋垨鎵胯锛岃珛璁€鑰呭儏浣滃弮鑰冿紝骞惰珛鑷鏍稿鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鍏�(n猫i)瀹�銆�
|