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1
鐩寗
I 鑰冩煡鐩(bi膩o)........................................................................................ 2
II 鑰冭│褰㈠紡鍜岃│鍗风祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u) ..................................................................2
III 鑰冩煡鍏�(n猫i)瀹�..................................................................................... 2
IV. 椤屽瀷绀轰緥鍙婂弮鑰冪瓟妗�.................................................................2
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鍏ㄥ湅纰╁＋鐮旂┒鐢熷叆瀛�(xu茅)绲�(t菕ng)涓€鑰冭│
瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鍙插強鐞嗚珫鑰冭│澶х侗
I 鑰冩煡鐩(bi膩o)
鐩殑鏄瀛�(xu茅)銆佸叕骞�銆佹湁鏁堝湴娓│鑰冪敓鏄惁鍏峰倷鏀昏畝鐩搁棞(gu膩n)灏堟キ(y猫)纰╁＋鎵€蹇呴爤鐨勫熀鏈礌璩�(zh矛)銆佷竴
鑸兘鍔涘拰鍩归(y菐ng)娼涜兘锛屼互鍒╃敤閬告嫈鍏锋湁鐧�(f膩)灞�?ji茅)鎽课﹁啲?y艒u)绉€浜烘墠鍏ュ(xu茅)锛岀偤鍦嬪鐨勮ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)寤鸿ō(sh猫)鍩归(y菐ng)鍏锋湁
杓冨挤(qi谩ng)鍒嗘瀽鑸囪В姹哄(sh铆)闅涘晱椤岃兘鍔涚殑楂樺堡娆�銆佹噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄥ瀷銆佸京(f霉)鍚堝瀷鐨勫伐妤�(y猫)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)宸ョ▼灏堟キ(y猫)浜烘墠銆傝€冭│娓�
瑭﹁€冪敓鎺屾彙鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｈō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鍙插強宸ユキ(y猫)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鍙茬殑鍩烘湰姒傚康銆佸熀鏈悊璜栫殑鎵庡(sh铆)绋嬪害锛岃€冩煡鑰冪敓鑳界啛绶撮亱(y霉n)
鐢ㄩ€欎簺姒傚康鑸囩悊璜栧垎鏋愮殑鑳藉姏銆�
鍏烽珨渚嗚銆傝姹傝€冪敓锛�
鎳�(y墨ng)瑭插皪鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｈō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鍙层€佸伐妤�(y猫)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鍙茬櫦(f膩)鐢熺殑鍚勭ó鎬濇疆閬�(y霉n)鍕�锛岀従(xi脿n)浠ｈō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鍦ㄤ笉鍚屽湅瀹剁殑鐧�(f膩)灞曟娉�锛�
鏈夊厖鍒嗙殑鐞嗚В鍜屾帉鎻°€�
II 鑰冭│褰㈠紡鍜岃│鍗风祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
涓€銆佽│鍗锋豢鍒嗗強鑰冭│鏅�(sh铆)闁�
瑭﹀嵎婊垮垎鐐� 150 鍒�锛岃€冭│鏅�(sh铆)闁� 180 鍒嗛悩銆�
浜屻€佺瓟椤屾柟寮�
闁夊嵎銆佺瓎瑭�銆�
涓�銆佽│鍗峰収(n猫i)瀹硅垏椤屽瀷绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
鍚嶈瑙ｉ噵锛�7 鍊�(g猫) 锛屾瘡椤� 5 鍒�锛屽叡 35 鍒嗭級
濉┖(15 鍊�(g猫)绌� 锛屾瘡绌� 1 鍒�锛屽叡 15 鍒�)
绨＄瓟椤�(5 椤�锛屾瘡椤� 12 鍒�锛� 鍏� 60 鍒�)
璜栬堪椤�(2 椤� 20 鍒�)
鍋囧姣忛鍒�?j菒n)?sh霉)鏈夎畩鍖�锛岃畩鍖栬寖鍦嶄害涓嶅ぇ銆�
III 鑰冩煡鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
涓€銆佺従(xi脿n)浠ｈō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鍙�
1.鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｈō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鑸囩従(xi脿n)浠ｈō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鏁欒偛
2.宸ユキ(y猫)闈╁懡鍒濇湡鐨勮ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐧�(f膩)灞�?f脿n)椤﹔
3.鑻卞湅宸ヨ棟缇庤(sh霉)閬�(y霉n)鍕�
4.鏂拌棟琛�(sh霉)閬�(y霉n)鍕�
5.瑁濋＞閬�(y霉n)鍕�
6.鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇╄ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)
7.鍖呰豹鏂�
8..宸ユキ(y猫)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐨勮垐璧�
9.鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｈō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐨勮伔妤�(y猫)鍖栬垏鍒跺害鍖�
10.璞愯绀炬渻鑸囧湅闅涗富缇╅ⅷ(f膿ng)鏍�
11.涓栫晫鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｈō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)
12.鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇╀箣鍚庣殑瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)
浜�銆佸伐妤�(y猫)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鍙�
1.宸ユキ(y猫)闈╁懡鍓嶇殑瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)
3
2.1750锛�1914 骞寸殑宸ユキ(y猫)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)
3.1915锛�1939 骞寸殑宸ユキ(y猫)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)
4.1940 骞磋嚦鐣�(d膩ng)浠ｇ殑宸ユキ(y猫)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)
IV. 椤屽瀷绀轰緥鍙婂弮鑰冪瓟妗�
涓€. 鍚嶈瑙ｉ噵锛�7 鍊�(g猫) 锛屾瘡椤� 5 鍒嗭紝鍏� 35 鍒嗭級
1.鍦嬮殯涓荤京瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)
绛旓細 鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇╃稉(j墨ng)閬庡湪缇庡湅鐨勭櫦(f膩)灞曟垚鐐烘埌(zh脿n)鍚庣殑鍦嬮殯涓荤京棰�(f膿ng)鏍�銆傞€欑ó棰�(f膿ng)鏍煎湪 20 涓栫磤(j矛)鍏竷鍗佸勾浠�
浠ヤ締鐧�(f膩)灞曞埌鐧诲嘲閫犳サ鐨勫湴姝�锛屽奖闊夸簡涓栫晫鍚勫湅鐨勮ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)銆傚湅闅涗富缇╄ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鍏锋湁褰㈠紡绨″柈銆佸弽瑁濋＞
鎬с€佺郴绲�(t菕ng)鍖栫瓑鐗归粸(di菐n)锛岃ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鏂瑰紡涓婂彈鈥滃皯鍓囧鈥滃師鍓囧奖闊胯純娣�锛�20 涓栫磤(j矛) 50 骞翠唬涓嬪崐鏈熺櫦(f膩)灞曠偤
褰㈠紡涓婄殑娓涘皯涓荤京鐗瑰緛銆傚緸鏍规簮涓婄湅缇庡湅鐨勫湅闅涗富缇╄垏鎴�(zh脿n)鍓嶆瓙娲茬殑鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇╅亱(y霉n)鍕曟槸鍚屾簮鐨�锛�
鏄寘璞柉闋�(l菒ng)灏�(d菐o)浜轰締鍒扮編鍦嬪悗鐧�(f膩)灞曞嚭鐨勬柊鐨勭従(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇�銆備絾寰炴剰璀樺舰鎱�(t脿i)涓婄湅浜岃€呭嵒鏈夊緢澶у樊鐣�锛�
鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇╃殑姘戜富鑹插僵銆佺儚鎵橀偊鑹插僵钑╃劧鐒″瓨锛岃畩?y艒u)姗愮幆N鍠磾鐨勫晢妤�(y猫)棰�(f膿ng)鏍�锛岃畩鎴愪簡鐐哄舰寮忚€屽舰
寮忕殑褰㈠紡涓荤京杩芥眰銆�80 骞翠唬浠ュ悗鍦嬮殯涓荤京寮忓井鐨勪富瑕佸師鍥狅紝閫愭几琚悗鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇╅ⅷ(f膿ng)鏍兼寫鎴�(zh脿n)銆�
2.闈炵墿璩�(zh矛)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)
绛旓細淇℃伅绀炬渻瀵�(sh铆)闅涗笂灏辨槸鎵€璎傜殑闈炵墿璩�(zh矛)绀炬渻锛屽畠鏄毃钁� 20 涓栫磤(j矛) 90 骞翠唬闆昏叇鐨勬櫘鍙�銆佺恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)鐨�
寤虹珛鑸囨摯(ku貌)寮佃€屽缓绔嬬殑銆傞潪鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐞嗚珫鐨勭⒑瀹氳垏瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐞嗚珫鐨勬彁鍑烘槸鐣�(d膩ng)浠ｈō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐧�(f膩)灞曠殑涓€鍊�(g猫)閲嶈浜�
浠�銆傞潪鐗╄唱(zh矛)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鏄互淇℃伅瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐐轰富鐨勮ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)锛屾槸鍩轰簬鏈嶅嫏(w霉)鐨勮ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)銆傚湪淇℃伅绀炬渻锛岀ぞ鏈冪敓鐢�(ch菐n)銆佺稉(j墨ng)
婵�(j矛)銆佹枃鍖栫殑鍚勫€�(g猫)灞ら潰閮界櫦(f膩)鐢熶簡閲嶅ぇ璁婂寲锛岄€欎簺璁婂寲锛屽弽鏄犱簡寰炰竴鍊�(g猫)鍩轰簬鍒堕€犲拰鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐢�(ch菐n)鍝�
鐨勭ぞ鏈�锛屽悜涓€鍊�(g猫)鍩轰簬鏈嶅嫏(w霉)鐨勭稉(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)鍨嬬ぞ鏈冪殑杞�(zhu菐n)璁�锛屼笉鍍呮摯(ku貌)澶т簡瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐨勮寖鍦�锛屼娇瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐨勫姛鑳藉拰绀�
鏈冧綔鐢ㄥぇ澶у寮�(qi谩ng)锛岃€屼笖灏�(d菐o)鑷磋ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鏈唱(zh矛)鐨勮畩鍖�锛屼互鑷宠タ鏂瑰(xu茅)鑰呭皣瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)瀹氱京鐐轰竴鍊�(g猫)鈥滃伣閫嶁€濈殑闋�(l菒ng)
鍩燂紝寰炰竴鍊�(g猫)璎涚┒鑹ソ鐨勫舰寮忓拰鍔熻兘鐨勬枃鍖�锛岃綁(zhu菐n)鍚戜竴鍊�(g猫)闈炵墿璩�(zh矛)鐨勩€佸鍏冨啀鐝�(xi脿n)鐨勬枃鍖�锛屽嵆閫�(j矛n)鍏ヤ竴
鍊�(g猫)闈炵墿璩�(zh矛)鐨勮櫅鎿ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)銆佹暩(sh霉)瀛楀寲瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐐轰富瑕佺壒寰佺殑瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鏂伴牁(l菒ng)鍩�锛岃ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐨勫姛鑳姐€佸瓨鍦ㄦ柟寮�銆佸舰寮�
閮戒笉鍚屼簬鐗╄唱(zh矛)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)銆�
3.CI 瑷�(j矛)鍔�
绛旓細浼佹キ(y猫)褰㈣薄璀樺垾绯荤当(t菕ng)锛屾棩鏈� CI 灏堝灞辩敯鑻辩悊杓冩簴(zh菙n)纰哄湴姒傛嫭浜嗕汉鍊戝皪 CI 鐨勮獚(r猫n)璀橈細绗竴锛�
CI 鏄竴绋鏄庣⒑鍦拌獚(r猫n)璀樹紒妤�(y猫)鐞嗗康鑸囦紒妤�(y猫)鏂囧寲鐨勬椿鍕�锛涚浜岋紝CI 鏄互妯�(bi膩o)蹇楀拰妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)瀛楅珨浣滅偤婧�
閫氫紒妤�(y猫)鐞嗗康鍜屼紒妤�(y猫)鏂囧寲鐨勫伐鍏�銆傚痉鍦嬪(xu茅)鑰呰搵鐖惧搱鐗孤烽Μ钂備簽鏂暀鎺堝墖閫�(j矛n)涓€姝ユ槑纰烘寚鍑�锛屼紒妤�(y猫)
褰㈣薄鐨勭祫鎴愰儴鍒嗘噳(y墨ng)鐐猴細楂旂従(xi脿n)浼佹キ(y猫)鍊�(g猫)鎬х殑浼佹キ(y猫)鍝插(xu茅)銆侀珨鐝�(xi脿n)浼佹キ(y猫)褰㈣薄鐨勬墜娈碉紝閫欑ó鎵嬫鍙堝彲鍒嗙偤
浼佹キ(y猫)琛岀偤瑕�(gu墨)鑼�銆佷紒妤�(y猫)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)瑕�(gu墨)鑼�銆佷紒妤�(y猫)鐨勪氦闅涙墜娈电瓑锛岃鍦ㄤ紒妤�(y猫)寤ｅ憡銆佷紒妤�(y猫)淇冮姺銆佷紒妤�(y猫)鍏棞(gu膩n)鏂�
鍚戜粯璜稿姫鍔涚瓑锛屼娇浼佹キ(y猫)褰㈣薄鍒嗙偤琛岀偤鑸夋銆佸鍦ㄥ舰璞�銆佷氦娴佹椿鍕曠瓑妲�(g貌u)鎴愬堡闈�銆�
4.楂樼鎶€棰�(f膿ng)鏍�
绛旓細楂樼鎶€棰�(f膿ng)鏍间笉鍍呭湪瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)涓噰鐢ㄩ珮鏂版妧琛�(sh霉)锛岃€屼笖鍦ㄧ編瀛�(xu茅)涓婇紦鍚硅〃鐝�(xi脿n)鏂版妧琛�(sh霉)銆傞珮绉戞妧棰�(f膿ng)鏍兼簮
浜� 20 涓栫磤(j矛) 20-30 骞翠唬鐨勬(j墨)鍣ㄧ編瀛�(xu茅)锛岄€欑ó缇庡(xu茅)鐩存帴鍙嶆槧浜嗙暥(d膩ng)鏅�(sh铆)浠ユ(j墨)姊扮偤浠ｈ〃鐨勬妧琛�(sh霉)鐗瑰緛銆備絾
鈥滈珮绉戞妧鈥濋ⅷ(f膿ng)鏍肩敱浜庨亷搴﹂噸瑕栨妧琛�(sh霉)鍜屾檪(sh铆)浠ｇ殑楂旂従(xi脿n)锛屾妸瑁濋＞澹撳€掍簡鏈€浣庨檺搴�锛屽洜鑰岄’寰楀喎婕犺€�
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鏉版柉瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐨勫反榛庤摤鐨潨鍦嬪钘濊(sh霉)鑸囨枃鍖栦腑蹇�銆�
5.缍犺壊瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)
绛旓細鍙堢ū鐐虹敓鎱�(t脿i)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)锛屾槸 20 涓栫磤(j矛) 90 骞翠唬闁嬪鍕冭垐鐨勪竴绋柊鐨勮ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鏂瑰紡銆傜稜鑹茶ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)婧愪簬浜哄€�
灏嶄簬鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｆ妧琛�(sh霉)鏂囧寲鎵€寮曡捣鐨勭挵(hu谩n)澧冨強鐢熸厠(t脿i)鐮村鐨勫弽鎬濓紝楂旂従(xi脿n)浜嗚ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)甯殑閬撳痉鍜岀ぞ鏈冭铂(z茅)浠诲績鐨勫洖
姝�銆傝ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)甯綁(zhu菐n)鍚戝緸娣卞堡娆′笂鎺㈢储宸ユキ(y猫)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鑸囦汉椤炲彲鎸佺簩(x霉)鐧�(f膩)灞曠殑闂�(gu膩n)绯�锛屽姏鍦栭€氶亷瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)娲诲嫊锛屽湪
浜衡€斺€旂ぞ鏈冣€斺€旂挵(hu谩n)澧冧箣闁撳缓绔嬭捣涓€绋崝(xi茅)瑾�(di脿o)鐧�(f膩)灞曠殑姗�(j墨)鍒�銆�
缍犺壊瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)钁楃溂浜庝汉鑸囪嚜鐒剁殑鐢熸厠(t脿i)骞宠 闂�(gu膩n)绯伙紝鍦ㄨō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)閬庣▼涓殑姣忎竴鍊�(g猫)姹虹瓥涓兘鍏呭垎鑰冩叜鍒�
4
鐠�(hu谩n)澧冩晥鐩�锛岀洝閲忔笡灏戝皪鐠�(hu谩n)澧冪殑鐮村銆備笉鍍呰鐩￠噺娓涘皯鐗╄唱(zh矛)鍜岃兘閲忕殑娑堣€�銆佹笡灏戞湁瀹崇墿璩�(zh矛)鐨勬帓
鏀�锛岃€屼笖瑕佷娇鐢�(ch菐n)鍝佸強闆堕儴浠惰兘澶犳柟渚垮湴鍒嗛鍥炴敹骞跺啀鐢熷惊鐠�(hu谩n)鎴栭噸鏂板埄鐢�銆�
6.褰煎緱路璨濆€柉
绛旓細鏂板缓绛戦亱(y霉n)鍕曠殑鏃╂湡闋�(l菒ng)琚栵紝寰峰湅鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇╄ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)钘濊(sh霉)鐨勫厛椹�(q奴)锛屸€滈潚骞撮ⅷ(f膿ng)鏍尖€濅唬琛ㄤ汉鐗╀箣涓€銆�
褰煎緱路璨濆€柉鐐哄痉鍦嬮€氱敤闆诲櫒鍏徃浣滃嚭浜嗕笘鐣屼笂 浼佹キ(y猫)褰㈣薄瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)锛屽苟瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)浜嗛€忓钩姗�(j墨)宸ュ粻寤犳埧锛�
閫欏湪鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇╁缓绛戣ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)涓叿鏈夐噷绋嬬鐨勬剰缇┿€傝矟鍊柉鍦ㄦ敞閲嶅姛鑳借垏鎶€琛�(sh霉)琛ㄧ従(xi脿n)鐨勫熀绀�(ch菙)涓�锛岃拷姹�
瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)褰㈠紡鐨勭啊绱�銆�
7.寰峰湅宸ユキ(y猫)鍚岀洘
绛旓細鍦ㄨ但鐖炬浖路绌嗙壒淇柉鐨勫€¤涓�锛�1907 骞� 10 鏈堟垚绔嬩簡鏃ㄥ湪淇冮€�(j矛n)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐨勫崐瀹樻柟姗�(j墨)妲�(g貌u)鈥斺€斿痉
鍦嬪伐妤�(y猫)鍚岀洘銆傚叾鎴愬摗鍖呮嫭浜嗗埗閫犲晢銆佸缓绛戝鍜屽伐钘濆銆傚痉鍦嬪伐妤�(y猫)鍚岀洘鎶婂伐妤�(y猫)闈╁懡鍜屾皯涓婚潻鍛�
鎵€鏀硅畩鐨勭ぞ鏈冪暥(d膩ng)浣滀笉鍙伩鍏嶇殑鐝�(xi脿n)瀵�(sh铆)渚嗗瑙€鎺ュ彈锛屽苟鍒╃敤姗�(j墨)姊版妧琛�(sh霉)闁嬬櫦(f膩)婊胯冻闇€瑕佺殑鐢�(ch菐n)鍝�銆傚痉鍦�
宸ユキ(y猫)鍚岀洘鎴愮珛鍚庡嚭鐗堝勾閼�锛岄枊灞曡ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)娲诲嫊锛屽弮鑸囦紒妤�(y猫)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)锛岃垑杈﹁ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)灞曡锛屽挨鍏跺叿鏈夋剰缇╃殑
鏄粬鍊戞湁闂�(gu膩n)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐨勬(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鍖栧拰鍊�(g猫)浜鸿棟琛�(sh霉)鎬х殑瑷庤珫锛屾寔閫欏叐绋蹇电殑鍒嗗垾鏄﹩鐗逛慨鏂拰浜�
鍒┞峰嚒路寰仿峰▉鐖惧痉銆�1914 骞�锛岀﹩鐗逛慨鏂サ鍔涘挤(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)鐢�(ch菐n)鍝佺殑妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鍖�锛屼富寮碘€滀竴鍒囨椿鍕曢兘鎳�(y墨ng)鏈�
钁楁(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鍖栦締閫�(j矛n)琛屸€濓紱鑰屽▉鐖惧痉鍓囪獚(r猫n)鐐鸿棟琛�(sh霉)瀹舵湰璩�(zh矛)涓婃槸鍊�(g猫)浜轰富缇╄€�锛屼笉鍙兘鐢ㄦ(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鍖栦締鎶戝埗浠�
鍊戠殑鍓�(chu脿ng)閫犳€�锛岃嫢鍙€冩叜閵峰敭灏变笉鏈冩湁鍎�(y艒u)鑹搧璩�(zh矛)鐨勫埗浣�銆傞€欏叐绋蹇典唬琛ㄤ簡宸ユキ(y猫)鍖栫櫦(f膩)灞曟湡浜哄€�
灏嶇従(xi脿n)浠ｈō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐨勮獚(r猫n)璀�銆傚悓鐩熺殑涓績浜虹墿鍜屽(sh铆)韪愯€呮槸褰煎緱路璨濆€柉锛屼粬鍙楄仒鐐哄痉鍦嬮€氱敤闆诲櫒鍏徃
鐨勮ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)椤у晱锛岀偤瑭插叕鍙歌ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)浜嗗粻鎴裤€侀浕鍣�銆佹(bi膩o)蹇椼€佹捣鍫�(b脿o)鍙婄敘(ch菐n)鍝佽鏄庢浉绛�锛屼粬鐨勮ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)妤靛ソ鍦拌┊
閲嬩簡鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｈō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐨勭悊蹇碉紝鎴愮偤宸ユキ(y猫)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鍙蹭笂绗竴鍊�(g猫)宸ユキ(y猫)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)甯�銆�
浜�.濉┖(15 鍊�(g猫)绌� 锛屾瘡绌� 1 鍒�锛屽叡 15 鍒�)
1. 鑻卞湅鐨勨€滃伐钘濈編琛�(sh霉)鈥濋亱(y霉n)鍕曟槸鐢扁€滃伐妤�(y猫)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)涔嬬埗鈥� 鍊″皫(d菐o)鐨勩€傦紙濞佸粔路鑾噷鏂級
2. 浣滅偤鈥滄柊钘濊(sh霉)鈥濈櫦(f膩)婧愬湴鐨勬硶鍦�锛屽湪闁嬪涔嬪垵灏卞舰鎴愪簡鍏╁€�(g猫)涓績锛氫竴鏄� 锛涘彟涓€
鍊�(g猫)鏄� 銆傦紙宸撮粠銆佸崡鏂競锛�
3.鍦ㄧ従(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇╄ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)閬�(y霉n)鍕曚腑锛岃〃鐝�(xi脿n)鏈€绐佸嚭鐨勬槸寰峰湅锛屽叾娆℃槸 鍜岃嵎铇€傦紙淇勫湅锛�
4.20 涓栫磤(j矛)鍒�锛屽氨鍦ㄥ痉鍦嬬従(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇╄ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)杩呴€熺櫦(f膩)灞曟檪(sh铆)锛岃嵎铇篃鍑虹従(xi脿n)浜嗗叿鏈夌浉鍚岃ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)棰�(f膿ng)鏍肩壒寰佺殑
閬�(y霉n)鍕曗€斺€� 銆傦紙鈥滈ⅷ(f膿ng)鏍兼淳鈥濋亱(y霉n)鍕曪級
5.缇庡湅浜�20涓栫磤(j矛)30骞翠唬鍓�(chu脿ng)閫犳€у湴褰㈡垚浜嗕竴绋ⅷ(f膿ng)琛岀編鍦嬩箖鑷充笘鐣岀殑鏂拌ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)棰�(f膿ng)鏍尖€斺€� 銆�
锛堚€滄祦绶氬瀷棰�(f膿ng)鏍尖€濓級
6.1953 骞存垚绔嬩簡寰峰湅鍦ㄦ埌(zh脿n)鍚庨噸瑕佺殑瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)瀛�(xu茅)闄⑩€斺€� 銆傦紙鐑忕埦濮嗚ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)瀛�(xu茅)闄級
7.鈥滃伐钘濈編琛�(sh霉)鈥濋亱(y霉n)鍕曟渶涓昏鐨勪唬琛ㄤ汉鐗╂槸鑻卞湅鐨� 锛堝▉寤夎帿閲屾柉锛�銆備粬鏄嫳鍦嬪伐
钘濈編琛�(sh霉)閬�(y霉n)鍕曠殑濂犲熀浜�锛屾槸鐪熸瀵�(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)鑻卞湅鐞嗚珫瀹� 锛堟媺鏂噾锛夋€濇兂鐨勪竴鍊�(g猫)閲嶈瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)
鍏堥﹨(q奴)銆�
8.鑻卞湅鈥滄尝鏅€濊ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)姣旇純闆嗕腑鍙嶆槧鍦� 銆� 銆� 銆� 骞惧€�(g猫)
鏂归潰銆傦紙鏅�(sh铆)瑁濊ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)銆佸鍏疯ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)銆佸鍏�(n猫i)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)銆佸钩闈㈣ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)锛�
9.鍦ㄨ槆鏍艰槶鐨勨€滄柊钘濊(sh霉)鈥濋亱(y霉n)鍕曚腑锛屾牸鎷夋柉鍝ラⅷ(f膿ng)鏍肩殑涓昏濂犲熀浜烘湁 銆� 鍜�
楹ョ暥(d膩ng)濞滃濡�锛屼粬鍊戠ū鐐烘牸鎷夋柉鍝ュ洓浜�銆傦紙棣噾鎵樹粈銆佽但浼壒路棣厠濂堬級
涓�.绨＄瓟椤�(5 椤�锛屾瘡椤� 12 鍒嗭紝 鍏� 60 鍒�)
1.绨¤堪宸ユキ(y猫)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐨勪笁鍊�(g猫)鐧�(f膩)灞曟檪(sh铆)鏈熷強鐗归粸(di菐n)銆�
绛旓細绗竴鍊�(g猫)鏅�(sh铆)鏈燂紙1750鈥�1914 骞寸殑宸ユキ(y猫)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)锛夎嚜 18 涓栫磤(j矛)涓嬪崐钁夎嚦 20 涓栫磤(j矛)鍒濇湡锛岄€欐槸宸ユキ(y猫)
瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐨勯啚閲€鍜屾帰绱㈤殠娈点€�2銆佺浜屽€�(g猫)鏅�(sh铆)鏈燂紙1915鈥�1939 骞寸殑宸ユキ(y猫)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)锛夊湪涓€鎴�(zh脿n)鍜屼簩鎴�(zh脿n)涔嬮枔锛�
閫欐槸 鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｅ伐妤�(y猫)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)褰㈡垚鑸囩櫦(f膩)灞曠殑鏅�(sh铆)鏈�銆� 3銆佺涓夊€�(g猫)鏅�(sh铆)鏈燂紙1940 骞磋嚦鐣�(d膩ng)浠ｇ殑宸ユキ(y猫)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)锛夊湪浜�
鎴�(zh脿n)涔嬪悗锛岄€欎竴鏅�(sh铆)鏈熷伐妤�(y猫)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鑸囧伐妤�(y猫)鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鍜岀瀛�(xu茅)鎶€琛�(sh霉)绶婂瘑绲�(ji茅)鍚堬紝鍥犺€屽彇寰椾簡閲嶅ぇ鎴愬氨銆� 宸ユキ(y猫)
瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鏄互宸ユキ(y猫)鍖栧ぇ鎵归噺鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鐐烘浠剁櫦(f膩)灞曡捣渚嗙殑锛岃垏姗�(j墨)姊板寲鐢熺敘(ch菐n)瀵嗗垏鐩搁棞(gu膩n)銆�
2.鈥滄柊钘濊(sh霉)鈥濋亱(y霉n)鍕曡垏鈥滃伐钘濈編琛�(sh霉)鈥濋亱(y霉n)鍕曚箣闁撶殑涓嶅悓
5
绛旓細鈥滃伐钘濈編琛�(sh霉)鈥濋亱(y霉n)鍕曟瘮杓冮噸瑕栦腑涓栫磤(j矛)鐨勫摜鐗归ⅷ(f膿ng)鏍硷紝鎶婂摜鐗归ⅷ(f膿ng)鏍间綔鐐轰竴鍊�(g猫)閲嶈鐨勫弮鑰冭垏鍊熼憭
渚嗘簮锛岃€屸€滄柊钘濊(sh霉)鈥濋亱(y霉n)鍕曞墖瀹屽叏鏀炬浠讳綍涓€绋偝绲�(t菕ng)瑁濋＞棰�(f膿ng)鏍�锛屽畬鍏ㄨ蛋鍚戣嚜鐒堕ⅷ(f膿ng)鏍�锛屽挤(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)鑷劧
涓笉瀛樺湪鐩寸窔锛屽挤(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)鑷劧涓矑鏈夊畬鍏ㄧ殑骞抽潰锛屽湪瑁濋＞涓婄獊鍑鸿〃鐝�(xi脿n)鏇茬窔銆佹湁姗�(j墨)褰㈡厠(t脿i)锛岃€岃椋剧殑
鍕曟(j墨)鍩烘湰渚嗘簮浜庤嚜鐒跺舰鎱�(t脿i)锛屽厖鍒嗛亱(y霉n)鐢ㄤ簡妞嶇墿銆佹槅锜�銆佸コ浜洪珨鍜岃薄寰佷富缇╋紱鎶婃劅瑕哄洜绱犲紩鍏ヤ簡
瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)锛屽苟缍�(j墨ng)甯搁亱(y霉n)鐢ㄦ槑椤殑鎬ф劅褰㈣薄銆�
3. 鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇╄ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐨勫舰寮忓強鍏剁壒寰�
绛旓細1锛�銆佺従(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇╄ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐢变簬鏈€鍒濈櫦(f膩)绔簬寤虹瓚闋�(l菒ng)鍩�锛屾墍浠ュ叾瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)褰㈠紡鐨勬渶绲傚舰鎴�锛屽湪寤虹瓚瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)
涓〃鐝�(xi脿n)寰楁渶鐐哄厖鍒�銆傚湪绺介珨涓婏紝鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇╁缓绛戣ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鍫�(ji膩n)鎸侀潰鍚戝ぇ鐪剧殑瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)绔嬪牬锛屾敼璁婂偝绲�(t菕ng)鐨�銆�
鏄傝泊鐨勫缓绛戞潗鏂欏拰寤鸿ō(sh猫)鏂规硶锛岄€氶亷閲囩敤鏂拌垐鐨勫伐妤�(y猫)鏉愭枡渚嗛檷浣庢垚鏈�锛屽悓鏅�(sh铆)锛岄倓鏀硅畩浜嗗缓绛戠殑
鍩烘湰绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屽缓绛戞柟娉�锛岄噰鐢ㄥぇ閲忛爯(y霉)鍒朵欢銆佺従(xi脿n)鍫寸祫瑁濈瓑鏂瑰紡锛屽畬鍏ㄥ彇娑堝浣欑殑瑁濋＞銆傚湪寤虹瓚鐨�
澶栬瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)涓�锛屽閲囩敤绨″柈鐨勭珛楂斾富缇╅€犲瀷锛岃壊褰╁熀鏈笂鏄櫧鑹�銆侀粦鑹�锛涘湪寤虹瓚绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)涓�锛�
澶氱敤姊佹煴鏀拹锛屽叏閮ㄩ噰鐢ㄦ墍璎傜殑鐜荤拑骞曞⒒銆�2锛�銆佹暣鍊�(g猫)寤虹瓚楂旂従(xi脿n)鍑洪鏄庣殑鍔熻兘涓荤京鍘熷墖锛屾垚鐐�
涓€绋柈绱斿埌妤甸粸(di菐n)锛屽皯鍓囧锛屽喎婕犺€岀悊鎬э紝绔嬮珨涓荤京鐨勬柊寤虹瓚褰㈠紡銆傚叾鎵€杩芥眰鐨勫姛鑳界涓€锛屽舰
寮忕浜岀殑瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐞嗗康锛屼娇鐢�(ch菐n)鍝佺殑鐢熺敘(ch菐n)瀵�(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)浜嗘(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鍖�銆佹壒閲忓寲锛屾彁楂樹簡鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鏁堢巼锛屼績閫�(j矛n)浜嗙敓鐢�(ch菐n)鍔�
鐨勭櫦(f膩)灞�銆�
4. 瑁濋＞钘濊(sh霉)鐨勯ⅷ(f膿ng)鏍肩壒寰�
绛旓細棣栧厛锛屽緸閫犲瀷瑾炶█渚嗚锛屽畠瓒ㄤ簬骞句綍浣嗕笉閬庡垎寮�(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)灏嶇ū锛岃定浜庣洿绶氫絾鍙堜笉鍥夸簬鐩寸窔銆傚咕
浣曟墖褰�銆佹斁灏勭媭绶氭銆侀杻闆诲瀷銆佹洸鎶樺瀷銆侀噸鐤婄闋瀷銆佹槦鏄熼杻鐖嶅瀷銆侀€ｉ帠鐨勫咕浣曟(g貌u)鍦栥€佷箣瀛�
褰㈡垨閲戝瓧濉斿舰鐨勯€犲瀷鏄叾瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)閫犲瀷鐨勪富瑕佸舰鎱�(t脿i)锛屽苟閫氶亷璨撮噸閲戝爆銆佸鐭虫垨璞＄墮绛夐珮妾旀潗鏂欒〃
鐝�(xi脿n)鍑轰締锛岀郸浜轰互鏂板鍜屾檪(sh铆)楂︾殑閫犲瀷鎰熷彈锛屽綄婕憲璨存棌楂橀泤鐨勬儏瑾�(di脿o)銆傚叾娆�锛屽緸鑹插僵鐨勯亱(y霉n)鐢ㄨ€岃█锛�
瀹冨叿鏈夐鏄�銆佸挤(qi谩ng)鐑堢殑鑹插僵鎸佸緛锛岄绱�銆侀钘�(l谩n)銆侀榛�銆侀姗欎互鍙婇噾灞壊鍙楀埌浜嗙壒鍒ョ殑閲嶈銆傞€�
閬庨€欎簺鑹插僵鐨勯亱(y霉n)鐢紝浣垮叾瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)閬�(d谩)鍒颁簡绲㈤簵濂洰鐢氳嚦閲戠ⅶ杓濈厡鐨勬晥鏋�銆�
6.鑽疯槶棰�(f膿ng)鏍兼淳閬�(y霉n)鍕曠殑楫槑鐗瑰緛
绛旓細鑽疯槶棰�(f膿ng)鏍兼淳鍏锋湁浠ヤ笅鍥涘€�(g猫)鏂归潰锛氱涓€锛屽皣鍌崇当(t菕ng)鐨勫缓绛�銆佸鍏峰拰鐢�(ch菐n)鍝佽ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)銆佺躬鐣�銆侀洉濉戠殑
鐗瑰緛瀹屽叏鎷嬫锛岃畩鎴愭渶鍩烘湰鐨勫咕浣曠祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍠珨锛屾垨鑰呯ū鐐衡€滃厓绱犫€濓紙element锛夈€傜浜�锛屾妸鏈€鍩�
鏈殑骞句綍绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍠珨锛屾垨鑰呭厓绱犻€�(j矛n)琛岀祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)绲勫悎锛屽舰鎴愮啊鍠殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)绲勫悎锛屼絾鏄紝鍦ㄦ柊鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)绲勫悎
鐣�(d膩ng)涓�锛屽柈楂斾緷鐒朵繚鎸佺浉灏嶇殑鐛�(d煤)绔嬫€у拰楫槑鐨勫彲瑙€鎬э紝鍗冲€�(g猫)楂旂殑鏁撮珨涓�锛屼笉鍥犳暣楂旇€屽け鍘诲€�(g猫)楂�
鐨勫舰鎱�(t脿i)鐗瑰緛銆傜涓�锛岄€犲瀷鑸囪椋捐棟琛�(sh霉)涓�锛岄櫎浜嗗皪绋辨€т互澶�锛岄潪灏嶇ū鎬ф槸楂旂従(xi脿n)钘濊(sh霉)鏁堟灉鐨勬渶鏈�
鏁堟墜娈点€傚ぇ澶氭暩(sh霉)鐨勮棟琛�(sh霉)瀹跺皪闈炲皪绋辨€ч€�(j矛n)琛屼簡娣卞叆鐨勭爺绌跺拰閬�(y霉n)鐢ㄣ€傜鍥�锛屽湪閫犲瀷涓�锛岄潪甯哥壒鍒�
鍦板弽寰�(f霉)閬�(y霉n)鐢ㄥ咕浣曠祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛屽湪鑹插僵鐨勪娇鐢ㄤ笂锛岄噸瑕栧熀鏈師鑹插拰涓€ц壊銆�
鍥涳紟璜栬堪椤�(2 椤� 20 鍒�)
1. 鍚庣従(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇╁缓绛戠殑鐗瑰緛
绛旓細寰炩€滃悗鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇╄ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鈥濈悊璜栨帰绱㈣€呮枃鏉滈噷鍜岃┕鍏嬫柉鐨勭悊璜栦腑锛屼互鍙婂悗鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇╁缓绛戣ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)
鐨勫(sh铆)韪愪腑锛屽彲浠ョ附绲�(ji茅)鐧�(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)锛屽湪鍚庣従(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇╄ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐗瑰緛涔嬩笅锛屼綔鐐鸿ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)闋�(l菒ng)鍩熸渶閲嶈鍒嗘敮涔嬩竴鐨勫缓
绛�锛屽叿鏈変互涓嬬壒寰侊細
绗竴锛屽挤(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)寤虹瓚鐨勭簿绁炲姛鑳斤紝娉ㄩ噸瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)褰㈠紡鐨勮畩鍖�銆� 鍚庣従(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇╁缓绛戣獚(r猫n)鐐虹従(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇╁缓
绛戠殑鏂圭洅瀛愮己涔忎汉鎬�锛屼富寮靛缓绛戞噳(y墨ng)瑭茶€屼笖蹇呴爤鏈夎椋�銆傚湪寤虹瓚鐨勭窗(x矛)绡€(ji茅)涓�锛屽線寰€閲囩敤鍚勭ó鍙ゅ吀
瑁濋＞锛岄亱(y霉n)鐢ㄨ畩褰€€佸垎瑁�銆佸埅绡€(ji茅)銆佸じ寮�銆佺煕鐩剧瓑鎵嬫浣胯椋惧厖婊胯叮鍛虫€у拰璞″緛鎬с€傝€岀従(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇�
寤虹瓚寮�(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)闈炶椋惧寲鐗归粸(di菐n)锛屽じ澶х劇瑁濋＞鍖栧褰㈢壒榛�(di菐n)锛屽湪瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)褰㈠紡涓婇櫡鍏ヤ簡娓涘皯涓荤京棰�(f膿ng)鏍肩殑娉ユ窎
涔嬩腑銆�
绗簩锛屽悗鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇╁缓绛戝挤(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)姝峰彶鏂囧寲锛屽嵆鎵€璎傗€滄枃鑴堜富缇┾€�銆� 鍚庣従(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇╃殑寤虹瓚瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)
甯€戝湪鎷嬫鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇╁钩婊戠殑鏂圭洅瀛愬缓绛戝舰寮忔檪(sh铆)锛岃獚(r猫n)鐐烘焙瀹氬缓绛戝瑙€鐨勪笉鍠磾鏄収(n猫i)閮ㄥ姛鑳�锛岃€�
涓旈倓鍙楀埌缇ら珨銆佺挵(hu谩n)澧�銆佸湴鍗€(q奴)銆佹鍙茬瓑鐨勫奖闊�锛屽挤(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)寤虹瓚鐨勫舰楂旇唱(zh矛)閲忔劅锛屾彁鍊″缓绛戠殑鈥滃収(n猫i)鈥�銆�
鈥滃鈥濋洐閲嶆€�锛岄噸瑕栧堡娆℃劅鍜屾繁搴︽劅銆傚悗鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇╁缓绛戣ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)甯挤(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)閲嶈鍌崇当(t菕ng)姝峰彶棰�(f膿ng)鏍�锛屼富寮�
6
灏嶆鍙查ⅷ(f膿ng)鏍奸噰鐢ㄦ娊鍑�銆佹贩鍚堛€佹嫾鎺ョ瓑鏂规硶锛屽苟涓斿皣閫欑ó鎶樿》铏曠悊寤虹珛鍦ㄧ従(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇╄ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐨勬(g貌u)閫�
鍩虹(ch菙)涔嬩笂銆�
绗笁銆佸悗鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇╁缓绛戣獮瑷€鍏峰倷鈥滈毐鍠烩€�銆佲€滆薄寰佲€濆拰鈥滃缇┾€濈殑鐗归粸(di菐n)锛岃〃鐝�(xi脿n)鍦ㄥ缓绛戦€犲瀷
鑸囪椋句笂鐨勫妯傛€у拰铏曠悊瑁濋＞绱�(x矛)绡€(ji茅)涓婄殑鍚硦鎬�銆� 鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇╁缓绛戝舰鎱�(t脿i)瑾炶█鍩烘湰涓婃槸鍠竴鐨�锛�
鍙嚭浜庡皪鍔熻兘瑾�(r猫n)璀橈紱鑰屽悗鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇╁缓绛戞墍浣跨敤鐨勫缓绛戝舰寮忓線寰€鍖呭惈鏈変竴绯诲垪鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｇ铏熷(xu茅)鐨勫収(n猫i)
瀹�锛岄€氶亷榛�(di菐n)銆佺窔銆侀潰鍜岃壊褰╃殑璁婂寲锛屼娇鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇╂槑纰�銆侀珮搴︾悊鎬у寲锛屾涓嶅惈绯婄殑褰㈡厠(t脿i)瑾炶█鍏�
鏈変簡鈥滈毐鍠烩€�銆佲€滆薄寰佲€濆拰鈥滃缇┾€濈殑鍚京浠ュ強鎴茶瑪銆佽(di脿o)渚冪殑鑹插僵銆傛墍浠�锛屼簡瑙ｅ悗鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇╁缓
绛戯紝鎳�(y墨ng)瑭插緸绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佺铏熴€佸舰寮忕瓑澶氱ó瑙掑害鍑虹櫦(f膩)銆�
鐣�(d膩ng)鐒讹紝鍚庣従(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇╁缓绛戠殑涓婅堪鐗归粸(di菐n)锛屾槸鍦ㄤ竴鍊�(g猫)姝峰彶閬庣▼涓舰鎴愬拰琛ㄧ従(xi脿n)鍑轰締鐨勶紝骞朵笉鏄湪
鎵€鏈夌殑鍚庣従(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇╁缓绛戣ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)涓兘鏈夊厖鍒嗙殑楂旂従(xi脿n)銆備竴鏂归潰锛屾濡傛垜鍊戝墠闈㈡墍鎸囧嚭鐨�锛屽緸鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｄ富
缇╁彈鍒拌唱(zh矛)鐤戝埌鍚﹀畾锛屽緸鍚庣従(xi脿n)浠ｄ富缇╄悓鑺藉埌鏈€绲傜⒑绔�锛屾湁涓€鍊�(g猫)鐧�(f膩)灞曢亷绋�锛涘彟涓€鏂归潰锛屽缓绛戜綔鐐�
涓€鍒囪棟琛�(sh霉)鐨勭稖鍚�锛屽畠涓嶅儏鍙楀埌浜哄€戠殑鎬濇兂瑙€蹇电殑褰遍熆锛岃€屼笖閭勮垏鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｇ鎶€锛岀壒鍒ユ槸鏂版潗鏂欍€�
鏂版妧琛�(sh霉)鐨勭櫦(f膩)灞曞瘑鍒囩浉闂�(gu膩n)?锛孎(xi脿n)浠ｇ鎶€鐨勬瘡涓€閫�(j矛n)姝ワ紝鍙兘鏈冩敼璁婂缓绛戠殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)褰㈠紡鍜岃椋鹃潰璨�銆�
2.缇庡湅宸ユキ(y猫)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐨勬柊鐗归粸(di菐n)
绛旓細20 涓栫磤(j矛) 60銆�70 骞翠唬锛岄毃钁楃編鍦嬬稉(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)鐨勭櫦(f膩)灞�锛岀壒鍒ユ槸缇庡湅鍦ㄥ叏鐞冪稉(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)澶у湅鐨勭⒑绔嬪拰绉戞妧
鐨勯牁(l菒ng)鍏�锛屼娇缇庡湅鐨勫伐妤�(y猫)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鍑虹従(xi脿n)浜嗕互涓嬫柊鐗归粸(di菐n)锛�
棣栧厛锛岃▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)鐢�(ch菐n)鍝佺殑瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鍜屾洿鏂�?li谩n)Q浠�锛屽紩鐧�(f膩)浜嗗伐妤�(y猫)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)闈╁懡銆傚湪瑷�(j矛)绠楅牁(l菒ng)鍩�锛岀編鍦嬩竴鐩磋檿
浜庨牁(l菒ng)鍏堝湴浣�锛屽紩灏�(d菐o)鎴栧乏鍙充簡瑷�(j矛)绠楁(j墨)闈╁懡鐢氳嚦缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)鏅�(sh铆)浠�锛岄€欑ó鐙€娉�锛屼竴鏂归潰淇濊瓑浜嗙編鍦嬬瀛�(xu茅)鎶€
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鏂囩珷鎼滅储
鎮ㄧ従(xi脿n)鍦ㄧ殑浣嶇疆锛� 
