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鐩寗
I 鑰冩煡鐩(bi膩o)........................................................................................ 2
II 鑰冭│褰㈠紡鍜岃│鍗风祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u) ..................................................................2
III 鑰冩煡鍏�(n猫i)瀹�..................................................................................... 2
IV. 椤屽瀷绀轰緥鍙婂弮鑰冪瓟妗�.................................................................5
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鍏ㄥ湅纰╁＋鐮旂┒鐢熷叆瀛�(xu茅)绲�(t菕ng)涓€鑰冭│
澶у(xu茅)鐗╃悊鑰冭│澶х侗
I 鑰冩煡鐩(bi膩o)
鍏ㄥ湅纰╁＋鐮旂┒鐢熷叆瀛�(xu茅)绲�(t菕ng)涓€鑰冭│鐗╃悊闆诲瓙纰╁＋灏堟キ(y猫)瀛�(xu茅)浣嶃€婂ぇ瀛�(xu茅)鐗╃悊銆嬭€冭│鏄偤鎴戞牎鎷涙敹鐗�
鐞嗛浕瀛愮ⅸ澹敓鑰岃ō(sh猫)缃殑鍏锋湁閬告嫈鎬ц唱(zh矛)鐨勮€冭│绉戠洰銆傚叾鐩殑鏄瀛�(xu茅)銆佸叕骞�銆佹湁鏁堝湴娓�(c猫)瑭﹁€冪敓鏄�
鍚﹀叿鍌欐敾璁€鐗╃悊闆诲瓙灏堟キ(y猫)纰╁＋鎵€蹇呴爤鐨勫熀鏈礌璩�(zh矛)銆佷竴鑸兘鍔涘拰鍩归(y菐ng)娼涜兘锛屼互鍒╃敤閬告嫈鍏锋湁鐧�(f膩)
灞�?ji茅)鎽课﹁啲?y艒u)绉€浜烘墠鍏ュ(xu茅)锛岀偤鍦嬪鐨勭稉(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)寤鸿ō(sh猫)鍩归(y菐ng)鍏锋湁鑹ソ鑱锋キ(y猫)閬撳痉銆佹硶鍒惰蹇靛拰鍦嬮殯瑕栭噹銆�
鍏锋湁杓冨挤(qi谩ng)鍒嗘瀽鑸囪В姹哄(sh铆)闅涘晱椤岃兘鍔涚殑楂樺堡娆�銆佹噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄥ瀷銆佸京(f霉)鍚堝瀷鐨勭当(t菕ng)瑷�(j矛)灏堟キ(y猫)浜烘墠銆傝€冭│瑕佹眰鏄�
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II 鑰冭│褰㈠紡鍜岃│鍗风祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
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瑭﹀嵎婊垮垎鐐� 150 鍒�锛岃€冭│鏅�(sh铆)闁� 180 鍒嗛悩銆�
浜屻€佺瓟椤屾柟寮�
绛旈鏂瑰紡鐐洪枆鍗枫€佺瓎瑭︺€傚厑瑷变娇鐢ㄨ▓(j矛)绠楀櫒锛堝儏鍍呭叿鍌欏洓鍓囬亱(y霉n)绠楀拰闁嬫柟閬�(y霉n)绠楀姛鑳界殑瑷�(j矛)绠楀櫒锛夛紝
浣嗕笉寰椾娇鐢ㄥ付鏈夊叕寮忓拰鏂囨湰瀛樺劜(ch菙)鍔熻兘鐨勮▓(j矛)绠楀櫒銆�
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濉┖椤� 鍏� 60 鍒�
瑷�(j矛)绠楄垏鍒嗘瀽椤� 鍏� 90 鍒�
III 鑰冩煡鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
锛�銆佸姏瀛�(xu茅)
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锛�銆侀浕纾佸(xu茅)
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锛�5锛夋(j墨)姊版尝鐨勭敘(ch菐n)鐢熸浠�锛岀敱宸茬煡璩�(zh矛)榛�(di菐n)鐨勭啊(ji菐n)璜ф尟鍕�(d貌ng)鏂圭▼寰楀嚭骞抽潰绨�(ji菐n)璜ф尝鐨勬尝鍑芥暩(sh霉)鐨勬柟娉�
鍙婃尝鍑芥暩(sh霉)鐨勭墿鐞嗘剰缇┿€傜悊瑙ｆ尝褰㈠湒绶�銆傛尝鐨勮兘閲忓偝鎾壒寰佸強鑳芥祦銆佽兘娴佸瘑搴︽蹇�銆�
锛�6锛夋儬鏇存柉鍘熺悊鍜屾尝鐨勭枈鍔犲師鐞�銆傛尝鐨勭浉骞叉浠讹紝鑳芥噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄧ浉浣嶅樊鍜屾尝绋嬪樊鍒嗘瀽銆佺⒑瀹�
鐩稿共娉㈢枈鍔犲悗鎸箙鍔犲挤(qi谩ng)鍜屾笡寮辩殑姊濅欢銆�
锛�7锛夐娉㈠強鍏跺舰鎴愭浠�銆備簡瑙ｉ娉㈠拰琛屾尝鐨勫崁(q奴)鍒�銆�
锛�8锛夋(j墨)姊版尝鐨勫鏅嫆鏁堟噳(y墨ng)鍙婂叾鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熷師鍥�锛屽湪娉㈡簮鎴栬瀵熻€呭柈鐛�(d煤)鐩稿皪(du矛)浠嬭唱(zh矛)閬�(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)锛屼笖閬�(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)
鏂瑰悜娌夸簩鑰呴€ｇ窔鐨勬儏娉佷笅锛岃兘鐢ㄥ鏅嫆闋荤Щ鍏紡閫�(j矛n)琛岃▓(j矛)绠�銆�
锛栥€佹尝鍕�(d貌ng)鍏夊(xu茅)
锛�1锛夌嵅寰楃浉骞插厜鐨勬柟娉�銆傚厜绋嬬殑姒傚康浠ュ強鍏夌▼宸拰鐩镐綅宸殑闂�(gu膩n)绯�銆傚垎鏋�銆佺⒑瀹氭姘忛洐
绺共娑夋绱嬪強钖勮啘绛夊帤骞叉秹姊濈磱鐨勪綅缃紝閭佸厠瀛共娑夊剙鐨勫伐浣滃師鐞�銆�
锛�2锛夋儬鏇存柉-鑿叉秴鑰冲師鐞�銆傚垎鏋愬柈绺か鐟璨�(f猫i)琛嶅皠鏆楃磱鍒嗗竷瑕�(gu墨)寰嬬殑鏂规硶銆傚垎鏋愮斧瀵強娉�
闀�(zh菐ng)灏�(du矛)琛嶅皠璀滅窔鍒嗗竷鐨勫奖闊裤€�
锛�3锛夊厜鏌佃灏勫叕寮�锛屾渻(hu矛)纰哄畾鍏夋煹琛嶅皠璀滅窔鐨勪綅缃�銆傛渻(hu矛)鍒嗘瀽鍏夋煹甯搁噺鍙婃尝闀�(zh菐ng)灏�(du矛)鍏夋煹琛嶅皠
璀滅窔鍒嗗竷鐨勫奖闊�銆�
锛�4锛夎嚜鐒跺厜鍜岀窔鍋忔尟鍏夛細甯冨剴鏂壒瀹氬緥鍙婇Μ鍛傛柉瀹氬緥锛涢洐鎶樺皠鐝�(xi脿n)璞�锛涚窔鍋忔尟鍏夌殑鐛插緱
鏂规硶鍜屾椹�(y脿n)鏂规硶銆�
锛�銆侀噺瀛愮墿鐞嗗熀绀�(ch菙)
锛�1锛夋矮鍘熷瓙鍏夎瓬鐨勫(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瑕�(gu墨)寰嬪強鐜荤埦鐨勬矮鍘熷瓙鐞嗚珫銆�
锛�2锛夊厜闆绘晥鎳�(y墨ng)鍜屽悍鏅爴鏁堟噳(y墨ng)鐨勫(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瑕�(gu墨)寰嬩互鍙婃剾鍥犳柉鍧︾殑鍏夊瓙鐞嗚珫灏�(du矛)閫欏叐鍊�(g猫)鏁堟噳(y墨ng)鐨勮В閲�锛�
鍏夌殑娉㈢矑浜岃薄鎬�銆�
锛�3锛夊痉甯冪緟鎰忕殑鐗╄唱(zh矛)娉㈠亣瑷�(sh猫)鍙婄湡姝ｇ⒑鎬х殑瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)璀夊(sh铆)銆傚(sh铆)鐗╃矑瀛愮殑娉㈢矑浜岃薄鎬�銆�
锛�4锛夋弿杩扮墿璩�(zh矛)娉㈠嫊(d貌ng)鎬х殑鐗╃悊閲忥紙娉㈤暦(zh菐ng)銆侀牷鐜囷級鍜岀矑瀛愭€х殑鐗╃悊閲忥紙鍕�(d貌ng)閲�銆佽兘閲忥級闁撶殑
闂�(gu膩n)绯�銆�
锛�5锛夋尝鍑芥暩(sh霉)鍙婂叾绲�(t菕ng)瑷�(j矛)瑙ｉ噵銆備竴缍潗妯�(bi膩o)鍕�(d貌ng)閲忎笉纰哄畾闂�(gu膩n)绯�銆備竴缍畾鎱�(t脿i)钖涘畾鎰曟柟绋�銆�
5
IV. 椤屽瀷绀轰緥鍙婂弮鑰冪瓟妗�
娉細1銆佽€冭│涓彲浠ヤ娇鐢ㄨ▓(j矛)绠楀櫒锛�
2銆佺墿鐞嗗父鏁�(sh霉)锛� 2
9.80 /g m s? 锛� 12 2 2
0
8.85 10 /C N m?
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8.31 /R J mol K? ? 锛�
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9.11 10e
m kg
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涓€銆佸～绌洪锛�60 鍒�锛屾瘡绌� 3 鍒嗭級
1銆佺敳鑸逛互 v1=10m/s 鐨勯€熷害鍚戝崡鑸锛屼箼鑸逛互 v2=10m/s 鐨勯€熷害鍚戞澅鑸锛屽墖鐢茶埞涓婄殑浜鸿瀵�
涔欒埞鐨勯€熷害澶у皬鐐� 锛屽悜 鑸銆�
2銆佽唱(zh矛)閲忕偤 m 鐨勮唱(zh矛)榛�(di菐n)锛屽湪璁婂姏锛�=F0 (1锛峩t)锛團0 鍜� k 鍧囩偤甯搁噺锛変綔鐢ㄤ笅娌� ox 杌镐綔鐩寸窔閬�(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)銆�
鑻� 宸� 鐭� t= 锛� 鏅�(sh铆) 锛� 璩�(zh矛) 榛�(di菐n) 铏� 浜� 鍧� 妯�(bi膩o) 鍘� 榛�(di菐n) 锛� 閫� 搴� 鐐� v0 銆� 鍓� 璩�(zh矛) 榛�(di菐n) 閬�(y霉n) 鍕�(d貌ng) 寰� 鍒� 鏂� 绋�
鐐� 锛岃唱(zh矛)榛�(di菐n)閫熷害闅ㄦ檪(sh铆)闁撹畩鍖栬(gu墨)寰嬬偤 v= 锛岃唱(zh矛)榛�(di菐n)閬�(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)瀛�(xu茅)鏂�
绋嬬偤 x= 銆�
3銆佸叐鐏 A銆丅 娌垮悓涓€鐩寸窔鐩稿悜閬�(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)锛屾脯(c猫)寰楀叐鑰呯浉灏�(du矛)鍦扮悆鐨勯€熷害澶у皬鍒嗗垾鏄� cvA
9.0? 锛�
cvB
8.0? 銆傚墖鍏╄€呬簰娓�(c猫)鐨勭浉灏�(du矛)閬�(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)閫熷害____________銆�
4銆佺湡绌轰腑涓€杓夋湁闆绘祦I鐨勯暦(zh菐ng)鐩磋灪绶氱锛屽柈浣嶉暦(zh菐ng)搴︾殑绶氬湀鍖濇暩(sh霉)鐐� n 锛岀鍏�(n猫i)涓閮ㄥ垎鐨勭鎰熸噳(y墨ng)
寮�(qi谩ng)搴︾偤________锛岀榛�(di菐n)閮ㄥ垎鐨勭鎰熸噳(y墨ng)寮�(qi谩ng)搴︾偤__________銆�
5銆佸紩璧峰嫊(d貌ng)鐢熼浕鍕�(d貌ng)鍕�(sh矛)鐨勯潪闈滈浕鍔涙槸 鍔�锛屽紩璧锋劅鐢熼浕鍕�(d貌ng)鍕�(sh矛)鐨勯潪闈滈浕鍔涙槸
鍔涖€�
6銆佸湪鍫�(ch菐ng)寮�(qi谩ng)澶у皬鐐� E 鐨勫潎鍕婚浕鍫�(ch菐ng)涓彇涓€鍗婄悆闈紝鍏跺崐寰戠偤 R锛岄浕鍫�(ch菐ng)寮�(qi谩ng)搴︾殑鏂瑰悜鑸囧崐鐞冮潰鐨勫皪(du矛)
绋辫桓骞宠銆傚墖閫氶亷閫欏€�(g猫)鍗婄悆闈㈢殑闆婚€氶噺鐐� 锛岃嫢鐢ㄥ崐寰戠偤 R 鐨勫湏闈㈠皣鍗婄悆闈㈠皝
闁夛紝鍓囬€氶亷閫欏€�(g猫)灏侀枆鐨勫崐鐞冮潰鐨勯浕閫氶噺鐐� 銆�
7銆侊紙a锛�銆佷竴鍒楀钩闈㈢啊(ji菐n)璜ф尝娌� x 姝ｆ柟鍚戝偝鎾�锛屾尝闀�(zh菐ng)鐐� ? 銆傝嫢鍦� 2/??x 铏曡唱(zh矛)榛�(di菐n)鐨勬尟鍕�(d貌ng)鏂圭▼鐐�
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锛坆锛�銆佸鏋滃湪涓婅堪娉㈢殑娉㈢窔涓� Lx ? 锛� / 2L ?? 锛夎檿鏀句竴鍨傜洿娉㈢窔鐨勬尝瀵嗕粙璩�(zh矛)鍙嶅皠闈�锛屼笖
鍋囪ō(sh猫)鍙嶅皠娉㈢殑鎸箙琛版笡鐐� A? 锛屽墖鍙嶅皠娉㈢殑琛ㄥ紡鐐� 锛� Lx ? 锛�銆�
97
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8銆佷竴鏉熸尝闀�(zh菐ng)鐐� ? 鐨勫柈鑹插厜锛屽緸绌烘埃鍨傜洿鍏ュ皠鍒版姌灏勭巼鐐� n 鐨勯€忔槑钖勮啘涓�锛岃浣垮弽灏勫厜寰楀埌
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9銆佷竴鏉熷钩琛岀殑鑷劧鍏夛紝浠� 60掳瑙掑叆灏勫埌骞崇幓鐠冭〃闈笂锛岃嫢鍙嶅皠鍏夋槸瀹屽叏鍋忔尟鐨�锛屽墖鎶樺皠鍏�
鏉熺殑鎶樺皠瑙掔偤_________锛涚幓鐠冪殑鎶樺皠鐜囩偤__________銆�
10銆佽ō(sh猫)姘�?d煤)閴冩p鍘熷瓙鍓涙€у垎瀛愮祫鎴愮殑鐞嗘兂姘ｉ珨锛屽叾鍒嗗瓙鐨勫钩鍕�(d貌ng)鑷敱搴︽暩(sh霉)鐐篲________锛岃綁(zhu菐n)鍕�(d貌ng)
鑷敱搴︾偤_________锛涘垎瀛愬収(n猫i)鍘熷瓙闁撶殑鎸嫊(d貌ng)鑷敱搴︾偤__________銆�
浜�銆佽▓(j矛)绠楅锛�90鍒嗭紝姣忛15鍒嗭級
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m 鑸� 2
m 锛屾粦杓殑杞�(zhu菐n)鍕�(d貌ng)鎱ｉ噺鐐� J 锛屽崐寰戠偤 r 锛�
锛�1锛夊鐗╅珨 2 鑸囨闈㈤枔鐨勬懇鎿︾郴鏁�(sh霉)鐐�? 锛屾眰绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勫姞閫熷害 a 鍙婄供涓殑寮靛姏 1
T 鍜� 2
T 锛堣ō(sh猫)绻╁瓙
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T 鍜� 2
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