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鍙嬫儏鎻愮ず锛氭湰绔欐彁渚涘叏鍦�400澶氭墍楂樼瓑闄㈡牎鎷涙敹纰╁＋銆佸崥澹爺绌剁敓鍏ュ鑰冭│姝峰勾鑰冪爺鐪熼銆佽€冨崥鐪熼銆佺瓟妗�锛岄儴鍒嗗鏍℃洿鏂拌嚦2012骞达紝2013骞�锛涘潎鎻愪緵鏀惰不涓嬭級銆� 涓嬭級娴佺▼锛� 鑰冪爺鐪熼 榛炴搳鈥�鑰冪爺瑭﹀嵎鈥濃€濅笅杓�; 鑰冨崥鐪熼 榛炴搳鈥�鑰冨崥瑭﹀嵎搴�鈥� 涓嬭級
1
鐩寗
I 鑰冩煡鐩........................................................................................ 2
II 鑰冭│褰㈠紡鍜岃│鍗风祼妲� ..................................................................2
III 鑰冩煡鍏�(n猫i)瀹�..................................................................................... 2
IV. 椤屽瀷绀轰緥鍙婂弮鑰冪瓟妗�.................................................................5
2
鍏ㄥ湅纰╁＋鐮旂┒鐢熷叆瀛哥当(t菕ng)涓€鑰冭│
瑷堢畻姗熺祫鎴愬師鐞嗚垏鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)绲愭鑰冭│澶х侗
I 鑰冩煡鐩
銆婅▓绠楁绲勬垚鍘熺悊銆嬫槸鎴戞牎鐐哄叏鍦嬬ⅸ澹爺绌剁敓鍏ュ绲�(t菕ng)涓€鑰冭│瑷疆鐨勫叿鏈夐伕鎷旀€ц唱鐨勮€冭│
绉戠洰銆傚叾鐩殑鏄瀛�銆佸叕骞�銆佹湁鏁堝湴娓│鑰冪敓鏄惁鍏峰倷鏀昏畝鐩搁棞纰╁＋灏堟キ(y猫)鎵€蹇呴爤鐨勫熀鏈礌璩�銆�
涓€鑸兘鍔涘拰鍩归(y菐ng)娼涜兘锛屼互鍒╀簬閬告嫈鍏锋湁鐧�(f膩)灞�?ji茅)鎽课﹁啲?y艒u)绉€浜烘墠鍏ュ锛岀偤鍦嬪鍩归(y菐ng)鍏锋湁杓冨挤鍒嗘瀽
鑸囪В姹哄闅涘晱椤岃兘鍔涚殑楂樺堡娆�銆佹噳鐢ㄥ瀷銆佸京鍚堝瀷鐨勪汉鎵�銆傝姹傝€冪敓姣旇純绯荤当(t菕ng)鍦版帉鎻℃暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)绲愭
鍜岃▓绠楁绲勬垚鍘熺悊閫欏叐闁€灏堟キ(y猫)鍩虹瑾茬▼鐨勫熀鏈蹇点€佸熀鏈師鐞嗗拰鍩烘湰鏂规硶锛岃兘澶犻亱鐢ㄦ墍瀛哥殑
鍩烘湰鍘熺悊鍜屽熀鏈柟娉曞垎鏋愩€佸垽鏂峰拰瑙ｆ焙鏈夐棞鐞嗚珫鍟忛鍜屽闅涘晱椤�銆�
II 鑰冭│褰㈠紡鍜岃│鍗风祼妲�
涓€銆佽│鍗锋豢鍒嗗強鑰冭│鏅傞枔
瑭﹀嵎婊垮垎鐐� 150 鍒�锛岃€冭│鏅傞枔 180 鍒嗛悩銆�
浜屻€佺瓟椤屾柟寮�
绛旈鏂瑰紡鐐洪枆鍗�銆佺瓎瑭�銆�
涓�銆佽│鍗烽鍨嬬祼妲�
鍠爡閬告搰椤� 20 鍒�(姣忓皬椤� 2 鍒�,鍏� 10 椤�)
绨＄瓟椤� 30 鍒�(姣忓皬椤� 5 鍒�,鍏� 6 椤�)
缍滃悎鎳夌敤椤� 100 鍒�(椤屾暩(sh霉)涓嶅浐瀹�)
III 鑰冩煡鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
? 鑰冩煡鐩锛�
1.鐞嗚В鍠檿鐞嗗櫒瑷堢畻姗熺郴绲�(t菕ng)涓悇閮ㄤ欢鐨勫収(n猫i)閮ㄥ伐浣滃師鐞�銆佺祫鎴愮祼妲嬩互鍙婄浉浜掗€ｆ帴鏂瑰紡锛屽叿鏈夊畬
鏁寸殑瑷堢畻姗熺郴绲�(t菕ng)鐨勬暣姗熸蹇�銆�
2.鐞嗚В瑷堢畻姗熺郴绲�(t菕ng)灞ゆ鍖栫祼妲嬫蹇�锛岀啛鎮夌‖浠惰垏杌熶欢涔嬮枔鐨勭晫闈�锛屾帉鎻℃寚浠ら泦楂旂郴绲愭鐨勫熀
鏈煡璀樺拰鍩烘湰瀵︾従(xi脿n)鏂规硶銆�
3.鑳藉閬嬬敤瑷堢畻姗熺祫鎴愮殑鍩烘湰鍘熺悊鍜屽熀鏈柟娉曪紝灏嶆湁闂滆▓绠楁纭欢绯荤当(t菕ng)涓殑鐞嗚珫鍜屽闅涘晱椤�
閫茶瑷堢畻銆佸垎鏋�锛屽苟鑳藉皪涓€浜涘熀鏈儴浠堕€茶绨″柈瑷▓銆�
? 鑰冩煡鍏�(n猫i)瀹癸細
涓€銆佽▓绠楁绯荤当(t菕ng)姒傝堪
(涓€)瑷堢畻姗熺櫦(f膩)灞曟绋�
(浜�)瑷堢畻姗熺郴绲�(t菕ng)灞ゆ绲愭
1.瑷堢畻姗熺‖浠剁殑鍩烘湰绲勬垚
2.瑷堢畻姗熻粺浠剁殑鍒嗛
3.瑷堢畻姗熺殑宸ヤ綔閬庣▼
(涓�)瑷堢畻姗熸€ц兘鎸囨
CPU 鏅傞悩鍛ㄦ湡銆佷富闋�銆丆PI锛汳IPS銆丮FLOPS锛涙寚浠ゅ煼(zh铆)琛屾檪闁撱€�
浜�銆佹暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勮〃绀哄拰閬嬬畻
(涓€)鏁�(sh霉)鍒惰垏绶ㄧ⒓
1.閫蹭綅瑷堟暩(sh霉)鍒跺強鍏剁浉浜掕綁鎻�
3
2.鐪熷€煎拰姗熷櫒鏁�(sh霉)
3.BCD 纰�
4.瀛楃鑸囧瓧绗︿覆
5.鏍￠纰�
(浜�)瀹氶粸鏁�(sh霉)鐨勮〃绀哄拰閬嬬畻
1.瀹氶粸鏁�(sh霉)鐨勮〃绀�
鐒＄铏熸暩(sh霉)鐨勮〃绀�锛涙湁绗﹁櫉鏁�(sh霉)鐨勮〃绀�銆�
2.瀹氶粸鏁�(sh霉)鐨勯亱绠�
瀹氶粸鏁�(sh霉)鐨勭Щ浣嶉亱绠�锛涘畾榛炴暩(sh霉)鐨勫姞/娓涢亱绠�锛涘畾榛炴暩(sh霉)鐨勪箻/闄ら亱绠楋紱婧㈠嚭姒傚康鍜屽垽鍒ユ柟娉�銆�
(涓�)娴粸鏁�(sh霉)鐨勮〃绀哄拰閬嬬畻
1.娴粸鏁�(sh霉)鐨勮〃绀�
娴粸鏁�(sh霉)鐨勮〃绀�锛屾诞榛炴暩(sh霉)鐨勮(gu墨)鏍煎寲锛孖EEE-754 妯欐簴
2.娴粸鏁�(sh霉)鐨勫姞/娓涢亱绠�
(鍥�)绠楄閭忚集鍠厓 ALU
1.骞惰鍔犳硶鍣�
2.绠楄閭忚集鍠厓 ALU 鐨勭祫鎴愬拰绲愭
涓夈€佸瓨鍎插櫒灞ゆ绲愭
(涓€)瀛樺劜鍣ㄧ殑鍒嗛
(浜�)瀛樺劜鍣ㄧ殑灞ゆ鍖栫祼妲�
(涓�)鍗婂皫楂旈毃姗熷瓨鍙栧瓨鍎插櫒
1.SRAM 瀛樺劜鍣ㄧ殑宸ヤ綔鍘熺悊
2.DRAM 瀛樺劜鍣ㄧ殑宸ヤ綔鍘熺悊
3.鍙畝瀛樺劜鍣�
(鍥�)涓诲瓨鍎插櫒鑸� CPU 鐨勯€ｆ帴
(浜�)闆欏彛 RAM 鍜屽妯″瀛樺劜鍣�
(鍏�)楂橀€熺珐娌栧瓨鍎插櫒(Cache)
1.Cache 鐨勫熀鏈伐浣滃師鐞�
2.Cache 鍜屼富瀛樹箣闁撶殑鏄犲皠鏂瑰紡
3.Cache 涓富瀛樺鐨勬浛鎻涚畻娉�
4.Cache 瀵瓥鐣�
(涓�)铏涙摤瀛樺劜鍣�
1.铏涙摤瀛樺劜鍣ㄧ殑鍩烘湰姒傚康
2.闋佸紡铏涙摤瀛樺劜鍣�
3.娈靛紡铏涙摤瀛樺劜鍣�
4.娈甸爜寮忚櫅鎿瓨鍎插櫒
5.蹇〃
鍥�銆佹寚浠ょ郴绲�(t菕ng)
(涓€)鎸囦护鏍煎紡
1.鎸囦护鐨勫熀鏈牸寮�
2.瀹氶暦鎿嶄綔纰兼寚浠ゆ牸寮�
3.鎿村睍鎿嶄綔纰兼寚浠ゆ牸寮�
(浜�)鎸囦护鐨勫皨鍧€鏂瑰紡
1.鏈夋晥鍦板潃鐨勬蹇�
2.甯歌灏嬪潃鏂瑰紡
4
(涓�)CISC 鍜� RISC 鐨勫熀鏈蹇�
浜斻€佷腑澶檿鐞嗗櫒(CPU)
(涓€)CPU 鐨勫姛鑳藉拰鍩烘湰绲愭
(浜�)鎸囦护鍩�(zh铆)琛岄亷绋�
(涓�)鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)閫氳矾鐨勫姛鑳藉拰鍩烘湰绲愭
(鍥�)鎺у埗鍣ㄧ殑鍔熻兘鍜屽伐浣滃師鐞�
1.纭竷绶氭帶鍒跺櫒
2.寰▼搴忔帶鍒跺櫒
寰▼搴�銆佸井鎸囦护鍜屽井鍛戒护锛涘井鎸囦护鐨勭法纰兼柟寮�锛涘井鍦板潃鐨勫舰鎴愭柟寮�銆�
(浜�)鎸囦护娴佹按绶�
1.鎸囦护娴佹按绶氱殑鍩烘湰姒傚康
2.鎸囦护娴佹按绶氱殑鐩搁棞鑸囨矕绐�
鍏�銆佺附绶�
(涓€)绺界窔姒傝堪
1.绺界窔鐨勫熀鏈蹇�
2.绺界窔鐨勫垎椤�
3.绺界窔鐨勭祫鎴愬強鎬ц兘鎸囨
(浜�)绺界窔浠茶
1.闆嗕腑浠茶鏂瑰紡
2.鍒嗗竷浠茶鏂瑰紡
(涓�)绺界窔鎿嶄綔鍜屽畾鏅�
1.鍚屾瀹氭檪鏂瑰紡
2.鐣版瀹氭檪鏂瑰紡
(鍥�)绺界窔妯欐簴
涓�銆佽几鍏ヨ几鍑�(I/O)绯荤当(t菕ng)
(涓€)I/O 绯荤当(t菕ng)鍩烘湰姒傚康
(浜�)澶栭儴瑷倷
1.杓稿叆瑷倷锛氶嵉鐩�銆侀紶妯�
2.杓稿嚭瑷倷锛氶’绀哄櫒銆佹墦鍗版
3.澶栧瓨鍎插櫒锛氱‖鐩ゅ瓨鍎插櫒銆佺鐩ら櫍鍒�銆佸厜鐩ゅ瓨鍎插櫒
(涓�)I/O 鎺ュ彛(I/O 鎺у埗鍣�)
1.I/O 鎺ュ彛鐨勫姛鑳藉拰鍩烘湰绲愭
2.I/O 绔彛鍙婂叾绶ㄥ潃
3.I/O 鍦板潃绌洪枔鍙婂叾绶ㄧ⒓
(鍥�)I/O 鏂瑰紡
1.绋嬪簭鏌ヨ鏂瑰紡
2.绋嬪簭涓柗鏂瑰紡
涓柗鐨勫熀鏈蹇�锛涗腑鏂烽熆鎳夐亷绋�锛涗腑鏂疯檿鐞嗛亷绋嬶紱澶氶噸涓柗鍜屼腑鏂峰睆钄界殑姒傚康銆�
3.DMA 鏂瑰紡
DMA 鎺у埗鍣ㄧ殑绲勬垚锛汥MA 鍌抽€侀亷绋�銆�
4.閫氶亾鏂瑰紡
5
IV. 椤屽瀷绀轰緥鍙婂弮鑰冪瓟妗�
涓€銆佸柈闋呴伕鎿囬锛堟瘡灏忛 2 鍒�,鍏� 20 鍒嗭級
1. 涓嬪垪閬搁爡涓�锛屾弿杩版诞榛炴暩(sh霉)鎿嶄綔閫熷害鎸囨鐨勬槸
A锛嶮IPS B锛嶤PI C锛嶪PC D锛嶮FLOPS
2. 瑷诞榛炴暩(sh霉)鐨勯殠纰煎拰灏炬暩(sh霉)鍧囬噰鐢ㄨ纰艰〃绀�锛屼笖浣嶆暩(sh霉)鍒嗗垾鐐� 5 浣嶅拰 7 浣嶏紙鍧囧惈 2 浣嶇铏熶綅锛�銆�
鑻ユ湁鍏╁€嬫暩(sh霉) X=27
脳29/32锛孻=25
脳5/8锛屽墖鐢ㄦ诞榛炲姞娉曡▓绠� X+Y 鐨勬渶绲傜祼鏋滄槸
A锛�00111 1100010 B.00111 0100010
C锛�01000 0010001 D.鐧�(f膩)鐢熸孩鍑�
3. 鍋囧畾鐢ㄨ嫢骞插€� 2K脳4 浣嶈姱鐗囩祫鎴愪竴鍊� 8K脳8 鐐哄瓨鍎插櫒锛屽墖 0B1FH 鎵€鍦ㄨ姱鐗囩殑鏈€灏忓湴
鍧€鏄�
A. 0000H B. 0600H C. 0700H D. 0800H
4. 涓嬪垪鏈夐棞 RAM 鍜� ROM 鐨勬晿杩颁腑姝ｇ⒑鐨勬槸
鈪�. RAM 鏄槗澶辨€у瓨鍎插櫒锛孯OM 鏄潪鏄撳け鎬у瓨鍎插櫒
鈪�. RAM 鍜� ROM 閮芥槸閲囩敤闅ㄦ瀛樺彇鏂瑰紡閫茶淇℃伅瑷晱
鈪�. RAM 鍜� ROM 閮藉彲鐢ㄥ仛 Cache
鈪�. RAM 鍜� ROM 閮介渶瑕侀€茶鍒锋柊
A. 鍍呪厾鍜屸叀 B. 鍍呪叀鍜屸參
C. 鍍呪厾銆佲叀銆佲參 D. 鍍呪叀銆佲參銆佲叄
5. 鏌愯▓绠楁瀛樺劜鍣ㄦ寜瀛楃瘈(ji茅)绶ㄥ潃锛屼富瀛樺湴鍧€绌洪枔澶у皬鐐� 64MB锛岀従(xi脿n)鐢� 4M脳8 浣嶇殑 RAM 鑺墖
绲勬垚 32MB 鐨勪富瀛樺劜鍣紝鍓囧瓨鍎插櫒鍦板潃瀵勫瓨鍣� MAR 鐨勪綅鏁�(sh霉)鑷冲皯鏄�
A锛�22 浣� B锛�23 浣� C锛�25 浣� D锛�26 浣�
6. 鍋忕Щ灏嬪潃閫氶亷灏囨煇鍊嬪瘎瀛樺櫒鍏�(n猫i)瀹硅垏涓€鍊嬪舰寮忓湴鍧€鐩稿姞鑰岀敓鎴愭湁鏁堝湴鍧€銆備笅鍒楀皨鍧€鏂瑰紡涓�锛�
涓嶅爆浜庡亸绉诲皨鍧€鏂瑰紡鐨勬槸
A锛庨枔鎺ュ皨鍧€ B锛庡熀鍧€灏嬪潃 C锛庣浉灏嶅皨鍧€ D锛庤畩鍧€灏嬪潃
7. 棣疯渚濇浖瑷堢畻姗熶腑鎸囦护鍜屾暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍧囦互浜岄€插埗褰㈠紡瀛樻斁鍦ㄥ瓨鍎插櫒涓紝CPU 鍗€(q奴)鍒嗗畠鍊戠殑渚濇摎(j霉)鏄�
A锛庢寚浠ゆ搷浣滅⒓鐨勮纰肩祼鏋�
B锛庢寚浠ゅ拰鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勫皨鍧€鏂瑰紡
C锛庢寚浠ゅ懆鏈熺殑涓嶅悓闅庢
D锛庢寚浠ゅ拰鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鎵€鍦ㄧ殑瀛樺劜鍠厓
8. 鍠礆涓柗绯荤当(t菕ng)涓�锛屼腑鏂锋湇鍕欑▼搴忓煼(zh铆)琛岄爢搴忔槸
I銆佷繚璀风従(xi脿n)鍫�
II銆侀枊涓柗
III銆侀棞涓柗
IV銆佷繚瀛樻柗榛�
V銆佷腑鏂蜂簨浠惰檿鐞�
VI銆佹仮寰╃従(xi脿n)鍫�
VII銆佷腑鏂疯繑鍥�
A锛欼銆乂銆乂I銆両I銆乂II B锛欼II銆両銆乂銆乂II
C锛欼II銆両V銆乂銆乂I銆乂II D锛欼V銆両銆乂銆乂I銆乂II
9. 鍦ㄧ郴绲�(t菕ng)绺界窔鐨勬暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)绶氫笂锛屼笉鍙兘鍌宠几?sh霉)姘�?br/>A锛庢寚浠�
B锛庢搷浣滄暩(sh霉)
C锛庢彙鎵嬶紙鎳夌瓟锛変俊铏�
6
D锛庝腑鏂烽鍨嬭櫉
10. 鏌愯▓绠楁铏曠悊鍣ㄤ富闋荤偤 50MHz锛岄噰鐢ㄥ畾鏅傛煡瑭㈡柟寮忔帶鍒惰ō鍌� A 鐨� I/O锛屾煡瑭㈢▼搴忛亱琛屼竴
娆℃墍鐢ㄧ殑鏅傞悩鍛ㄦ湡鏁�(sh霉)鑷冲皯鐐� 500銆傚湪瑷倷 A 宸ヤ綔鏈熼枔锛岀偤淇濊瓑鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)涓嶄笩澶憋紝姣忕闇€灏嶅叾鏌ヨ
鑷冲皯 200 娆�锛屽墖 CPU 鐢ㄤ簬瑷倷 A 鐨� I/O 鐨勬檪闁撳崰鏁村€� CPU 鏅傞枔鐨勭櫨鍒嗘瘮鑷冲皯鏄�
A. 0.50% B. 0.20% C. 0.05% D. 0.02%
浜�銆佺啊绛旈锛氾紙5 鍒�*6=30 鍒嗭級
1. 棣�.璜句緷鏇奸珨绯昏▓绠楁鏈夊摢涓夊€嬬壒榛�锛�
2. 浠€涔堟槸灏嬪潃鏂瑰紡锛熻珛瀵嚭鐨� 4 绋皨鍧€鏂瑰紡锛屽苟瑾槑濡備綍寰楀埌鎿嶄綔鏁�(sh霉)锛�
3. 鍗婂皫楂斿瓨鍎插櫒鐨勫瓨鍙栨檪闁� tA 鍜屽瓨鍎插懆鏈� tm鐨勬蹇垫槸浠€涔�锛熺偤浠€涔� tA(R1)锛屽嵆灏� R0 涓殑鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鑸� R1
鐨勫収(n猫i)瀹规墍鎸囦富瀛樺柈鍏冪殑鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐩稿姞锛屽苟灏囩祼鏋滈€佸叆 R1 鐨勫収(n猫i)瀹规墍鎸囦富瀛樺柈鍏冧腑淇濆瓨銆�
8
瀛樺劜鍣紙M锛�
CB
AB
DB
R0
AddrData
MAR MARin
MDRout
MDR
MDRoutE
MDRinEMDRin
R0out
R1
R1out
R1in
R0in
ACACin
ACout
Add
A
ALU
PC
PCout
PCin
PC+1
IR
鑷虫寚浠よ纰奸儴浠�
IRin
MemR MemW
Ain
鍏�(n猫i)绺界窔
涓嬭〃绲﹀嚭浜嗕笂杩版寚浠ゅ彇鎸囦护鍜岃纰奸殠娈垫瘡鍊嬬瘈(ji茅)鎷嶏紙鏅傞悩鍛ㄦ湡锛夌殑鍔熻兘鍜屾湁鏁堟帶鍒朵俊铏�锛岃珛
鎸夎〃涓弿杩版柟寮忕敤琛ㄦ牸鍒楀嚭鎸囦护鍩�(zh铆)琛岄殠娈垫瘡鍊嬬瘈(ji茅)鎷嶇殑鍔熻兘鍜屾湁鏁堟帶鍒朵俊铏�銆�
鏅傞悩 鍔熻兘 鏈夋晥鎺у埗淇¤櫉
C1 MAR 鈫� (PC) PCout, MARin
C2 MDR鈫怣(MAR)
PC鈫�(PC)+1
MemR, MDRinE
PC+1
C3 IR鈫�(MDR) MDRout, IRin
C4 鎸囦护璀⒓ 鐒�
涓冦€侊紙15 鍒嗭級鏌� 16 浣嶈▓绠楁涓�锛屽付绗﹁櫉鏁存暩(sh霉)鐢ㄨ纰艰〃绀�锛屾暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉) Cache 鍜屾寚浠� Cache 鍒嗛洟銆�
涓嬭〃绲﹀嚭浜嗘寚浠ょ郴绲�(t菕ng)涓儴鍒嗘寚浠�锛屽叾涓� Rs 鍜� Rd 琛ㄧず瀵勫瓨鍣�锛宮em 琛ㄧず瀛樺劜鍠厓鍦板潃锛�(x)
琛ㄧず瀵勫瓨鍣� x 鎴栧瓨鍎插柈鍏� x 鐨勫収(n猫i)瀹�銆�
鍚嶇ū 鎸囦护鐨勫尟绶ㄦ牸寮� 鎸囦护鍔熻兘
鍔犳硶鎸囦护 ADD Rs,Rd (Rs) + (Rd)鈫扲d
绠楄/閭忚集宸︾Щ SHL Rd 2*(Rd)鈫扲d
绠楄鍙崇Щ SHR Rd (Rd)/2鈫扲d
鍙栨暩(sh霉)鎸囦护 LOAD Rd,mem (mem)鈫扲d
瀛樻暩(sh霉)鎸囦护 STORE Rs,mem (Rs)鈫抦em
瑭茶▓绠楁閲囩敤 5 娈垫祦姘存柟寮忓煼(zh铆)琛屾寚浠わ紝鍚勬祦姘存鍒嗗垾鏄彇鎸�(IF)銆佽纰�/璁€瀵勫瓨鍣�(ID)銆佸煼(zh铆)琛�
/瑷堢畻鏈夋晥鍦板潃(EX)銆佽í鍟忓瓨鍎插櫒(M)鍜岀祼鏋滃鍥炲瘎瀛樺櫒(WB)锛屾矑鏈夐噰鐢ㄦ梺璺妧琛撹檿鐞嗘暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)
鐩搁棞锛屽苟涓斿悓涓€鍊嬪瘎瀛樺櫒鐨勮畝鍜屽鎿嶄綔涓嶈兘鍦ㄥ悓涓€鍊嬫檪閻樺懆鏈熷収(n猫i)閫茶銆傝珛鍥炵瓟涓嬪垪鍟忛銆�
9
(1) 鑻ラ珮绱氳獮瑷€绋嬪簭涓煇璩﹀€艰獮鍙ョ偤 x = a+b锛寈銆乤 鍜� b 鍧囩偤 int 鍨嬭畩閲�锛屽畠鍊戠殑瀛樺劜鍠厓鍦�
鍧€鍒嗗垾鐐� [x]銆乕a]鍜孾b]銆傝┎瑾炲彞灏嶆噳鐨勬寚浠ゅ簭鍒楀強鍏跺湪鎸囦护娴佹按绶氫腑鐨勫煼(zh铆)琛岄亷绋嬬ず鎰忓湒
濡備笅鎵€绀�銆�
I1 LOAD R1,[a]
I2 LOAD R2,[b]
I3 ADD R1,R2
I4 STORE R2,[x]
鏅傞枔鍠厓
鎸囦护 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
I1 IF ID EX M WB
I2 IF ID EX M WB
I3 IF ID EX M WB
I4 IF ID EX M WB
鍓囬€� 4 姊濇寚浠ゅ煼(zh铆)琛岄亷绋嬩腑锛孖3 鐨� ID 娈佃闃诲鐨勫師鍥犲悇鏄粈涔�锛�
(2) 鑻ラ珮绱氳獮瑷€绋嬪簭涓煇璩﹀€艰獮鍙ョ偤 x = 2*x+a锛寈 鍜� a 鍧囩偤 unsigned int 椤炲瀷璁婇噺锛屼粬鍊戠殑瀛�
鍎插櫒鍠厓鍦板潃鍒嗗垾琛ㄧず鐐篬x]銆乕a]锛屽墖鍩�(zh铆)琛岄€欐瑾炲彞鑷冲皯闇€瑕佸灏戝€嬫檪閻樺懆鏈�锛熻姹傛ā浠�
椤�(1)鐣嚭閫欐瑾炲彞灏嶆噳鐨勬寚浠ゅ簭鍒楀強鍏跺湪娴佹按绶氫腑鐨勫煼(zh铆)琛岄亷绋嬬ず鎰忓湒銆�
鍏�銆侊紙15 鍒嗭級鏌愯▓绠楁绯荤当(t菕ng)鍏辨湁浜旂礆涓柗锛屽叾涓柗闊挎噳鍎�(y艒u)鍏堢礆寰為珮鍒颁綆鐐� 1锛�2锛�3锛�4锛�5銆�
浣嗙郴绲�(t菕ng)鐨勪腑鏂疯檿鐞嗛儴鍒嗕綔鍑哄涓嬭(gu墨)瀹氾細铏曠悊 1 绱氫腑鏂锋檪灞忚斀鍏朵粬绱氫腑鏂�锛涜檿鐞� 2 绱氫腑鏂锋檪灞�
钄� 4锛�5 绱氫腑鏂�锛涜檿鐞� 3 绱氫腑鏂锋檪灞忚斀 2锛�4锛�5 绱氫腑鏂�锛涜檿鐞� 4 绱氫腑鏂锋檪涓嶅睆钄藉叾浠栦腑鏂�锛�
铏曠悊 5 绱氫腑鏂锋檪灞忚斀 4 绱氫腑鏂�銆�
(1) 瑭﹀晱涓柗铏曠悊鍎�(y艒u)鍏堢礆锛堝緸楂樺埌浣庯級鏄粈涔堬紵骞剁敤琛ㄦ牸瀵嚭鍦ㄥ悇涓柗铏曠悊绋嬪簭涓ō缃殑涓�
鏂峰睆钄藉瓧锛�1 琛ㄧず灞忚斀锛�0 琛ㄧず鍏佽ū锛�銆�
(2) 鍋囧畾鍦ㄩ亱琛岀敤鎴剁▼搴忔檪鍚屾檪鍑虹従(xi脿n) 1 绱�銆�2 绱氬拰 3 绱氫腑鏂疯珛姹傦紝鍦ㄨ檿鐞� 2 绱氫腑鏂锋檪锛屽張鍑�
鐝�(xi脿n)浜� 4 绱氫腑鏂疯珛姹傘€傚湪铏曠悊 4 绱氫腑鏂锋檪鍙堝嚭鐝�(xi脿n)浜� 5 绱氫腑鏂疯珛姹�銆傝│鍟忎互涓婂悇鍊嬩腑鏂疯檿鐞嗗畬鎴�
鐨勯爢搴忥紙鍙互鏂囧瓧鏁樿堪涔熷彲浠ョ暙鍦栬〃绀猴級銆�
鍙冭€冪瓟妗�
涓€銆佸柈闋呴伕鎿囬
1. D; 2. D; 3. D; 4. A; 5. D; 6. A; 7.C; 8. A; 9. C; 10. B;
浜�銆佺啊绛旈锛氾紙5 鍒�*10=50 鍒嗭級
1. 绛旓細閲囩敤浜岄€插埗锛屽瓨鍎茬▼搴忔帶鍒�锛岀敱瀛樺劜鍣�銆侀亱绠楀櫒銆佹帶鍒跺櫒銆佽几鍏ヨō鍌�銆佽几鍑�
瑷倷閫欎簲鍊嬮儴鍒嗘鎴愩€�
2. 绛旓細鏍规摎(j霉)鎸囦护涓殑褰㈠紡鍦板潃鎵惧埌鎿嶄綔鏁�(sh霉)鏈夋晥鍦板潃鐨勬柟寮�锛岀ū鐐哄皨鍧€鏂瑰紡銆�
10
瀵勫瓨鍣ㄥ皨鍧€锛屾寚浠や腑瀛樻斁鐨勬槸瀵勫瓨鍣ㄧ殑鍦板潃锛屽瘎瀛樺櫒涓偤鎿嶄綔鏁�(sh霉)銆�
瀵勫瓨鍣ㄩ枔鎺ュ皨鍧€锛屾寚浠や腑瀛樻斁鐨勬槸瀵勫瓨鍣ㄧ殑鍦板潃锛屽瘎瀛樺櫒涓偤鍏�(n猫i)瀛樻湁鏁堝湴鍧€锛岃┎鍦板潃
涓殑鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐐烘搷浣滄暩(sh霉)銆�
鐩存帴灏嬪潃锛屾寚浠や腑瀛樻斁鐨勬槸鍏�(n猫i)瀛樼殑鏈夋晥鍦板潃锛岃┎鍦板潃涓殑鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐐烘搷浣滄暩(sh霉)銆�
闁撴帴灏嬪潃锛屾寚浠や腑瀛樻斁鐨勬槸鏈夋晥鍦板潃鐨勫湴鍧€锛岃┎鍦板潃涓殑鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐐烘搷浣滄暩(sh霉)鐨勬湁鏁堝湴鍧€锛�
瑭插湴鍧€涓殑鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐐烘搷浣滄暩(sh霉)銆�
3. 绛旓細瀛樺彇鏅傞枔 tA锛氬緸瀛樺劜鍣ㄨ畝鍙栦竴娆′俊鎭紙鎴栧鍏ヤ竴娆′俊鎭級鎵€闇€瑕佺殑鏅傞枔锛�
瀛樺劜鍛ㄦ湡 tm锛氬瓨鍎插櫒閫茶涓€娆″畬鏁寸殑璁€瀵搷浣滄墍闇€鐨勫叏閮ㄦ檪闁�銆�
tm銆塼 A 锛屽洜鐐哄湪璁€鎴栧鎿嶄綔涔嬪悗锛岀附鏈冩湁涓€娈靛収(n猫i)閮ㄧ媭鎱�(t脿i)鐨勬仮寰╂檪闁擄紙鐮村鎬ц畝鍑猴級鎴�
绌�(w臎n)瀹氭檪闁擄紙闈炵牬澹炴€ц畝鍑猴級銆�
4. 绛旓細
涓夌礆瀛樺劜楂旂郴鐢遍珮閫熺珐娌栧瓨鍎插櫒 Cache銆佷富瀛樺劜鍣� MM 鍙婂瀛樺劜鍣ㄧ祫鎴�銆侰ache-MM 灞�
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涓茶閺堝紡锛岄€氶亷鐩稿悓鐨勭附绶氳珛姹傜窔鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熻珛姹�锛屾噳绛斾俊铏熶覆琛岀殑缍�(j墨ng)閬庢瘡鍊嬮儴浠�锛岀‖浠剁啊鍠�锛�
鍎�(y艒u)鍏堢礆鍥哄畾锛岄尟浠跺嚭閷檪锛屽悗绻奸儴浠剁劇娉曠嵅鍙栫附绶氫娇鐢ㄦ瑠銆�
瑷堟暩(sh霉)鏌ヨ銆傚劒(y艒u)鍏堢礆鍙潏娲昏(di脿o)鏁�锛岄€熷害鎱�锛岀附绶氫笂鐨勯儴浠剁附鏁�(sh霉)鍙楄▓鏁�(sh霉)鍣ㄤ綅鏁�(sh霉)鐨勯檺鍒�銆�
鐛ㄧ珛璜嬫眰绶�銆傛瘡鍊嬮儴浠舵湁鐛ㄧ珛鐨勮珛姹傜窔鍜屾噳绛旂窔锛岀敱纭欢鐩存帴姹哄畾鍎�(y艒u)鍏堢礆锛岄€熷害蹇�锛屽劒(y艒u)
鍏堢礆鍥哄畾銆�
6. 绛旓細
閫插叆涓柗鍛ㄦ湡INTC涔嬪墠鏄煼(zh铆)琛屽懆鏈烢XEC锛屼腑鏂峰懆鏈熺祼鏉熷悗鏄彇鎸囧懆鏈烣IC锛岄€插叆DMA
鍛ㄦ湡 DMAC 涔嬪墠鍙互鏄换浣曚竴鍊� CPU 鍛ㄦ湡銆�
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X:
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瑕�(gu墨)鏍煎寲绲愭灉锛�
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11 001101
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= 10 110100
瑕�(gu墨)鏍煎寲绲愭灉锛�
11 011010 1 110
11
鍥涖€侊紙1锛�
瀵﹂鍎€鐨勬搷浣�
鏅傞悩绡€(ji茅)鎷� S0~S6 S7 S8~S10 S11 S12~S14 S15 S16 S17
0000000 1 000 0 000 0 1 0
0010000 0 001 0 001 0 1 1
0000000 0 000 1 100 1 0 0
锛�2锛夐€氬父灏囧湪鍚屼竴鍊嬪井鎸囦护鍛ㄦ湡涓笉鑳藉悓鏅傚嚭鐝�(xi脿n)鐨勫井鍛戒护绋辩偤鐩告枼鎬у井鍛戒护銆傚皣鍦ㄥ悓
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浜�銆侊紙1锛変富瀛樺湴鍧€锛�
涓诲瓨鍗€(q奴)铏� 鍗€(q奴)鍏�(n猫i)濉婅櫉 濉婂収(n猫i)鍦板潃
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