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璩�(zh矛)銆傞唶鐨勫埗鍌欒垏閼掑垾銆�
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姘嵉)銆傚寲瀛告€ц唱(zh矛)锛氣憼閰氱茎鍩虹殑鍙嶆噳锛氶吀鎬�銆佹垚閰€佹垚閱�锛涒憽鑺崇挵(hu谩n)涓�
鐨勫弽鎳夛細楣典唬銆佺鍖�銆佺:鍖栥€佺兎鍩哄寲銆佽垏缇板熀鍖栧悎鐗╃府鍚�銆丗ries 閲�
鎺掕垏 Claisen 閲嶆帓銆佹按妤婇啗鑸囨按妤婇吀鐨勫埗鍌�锛涒憿鑸囦笁姘寲閻电殑椤壊鍙�
鎳夛紱鈶f哀鍖栬垏閭勫師銆侀唽銆傞厷鐨勫埗鍌欒垏閼掑垾銆�
绗笁绡€(ji茅) 閱氳垏鐠�(hu谩n)姘у寲鍚堢墿锛氱祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屽懡鍚�銆傜墿鐞嗘€ц唱(zh矛)?锛涚槣W鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛�
浣菇鐨勭敓鎴愬拰閱氶嵉鐨勬柗瑁�锛岄亷姘у寲鐗╃殑鐢熸垚锛岀挵(hu谩n)閱氱殑闁嬬挵(hu谩n)鍙嶆噳鑸囧弽鎳�
姗熺悊 (鑸囨按銆侀唶銆佹皑銆佹牸姘忚│鍔戠瓑浣滅敤)銆傚啝閱氳垏涓诲楂斿寲瀛搞€傞啔鐨�
鍒跺倷鑸囬憭鍒�銆�
绗洓绡€(ji茅) 鍚~鍖栧悎鐗�:纭唶 纭啔
绗崄绔� 閱涘拰閰�
绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佸垎椤炲拰鍛藉悕锛岀墿鐞嗘€ц唱(zh矛)?锛涚槣W鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛氣憼鍔犳垚鍙嶆噳锛氬姞姘鞍閰�
鍙婅Κ鏍稿姞鎴愬弽鎳夋绋嬨€佸姞浜炵~閰告矮閳�銆佸姞閱囥€佸姞鏍兼皬瑭﹀姂銆佽垏姘ㄨ
鐢熺墿绺悎銆佽垏 Wittig 瑭﹀姂鍙嶆噳锛涒憽伪-姘師瀛愮殑鍙嶆噳锛氶沟浠e弽鎳�銆�
缇ラ啗绺悎鍙嶆噳锛涒憿姘у寲鍙嶆噳锛氬急姘у寲鍔� (Fehling 瑭﹀姂銆乀ollens
4
瑭﹀姂)銆佸挤姘у寲鍔�銆侀亷姘ч吀姘у寲锛涒懀閭勫師鍙嶆噳: 鍌寲鍔犳矮銆佺敤姘寲
閶侀嫲閭勫師銆佺敤纭兼矮鍖栭垑閭勫師銆佺暟涓欓唶閶侀倓鍘熴€丆=O 閭勫師鎴� CH2銆侀噾
灞倓鍘燂紱鈶ゆ鍖栧弽鎳�銆� 閱涢叜鐨勫埗鍌欒垏閼掑垾銆偽�銆佄�-涓嶉=鍜岄啗閰殑
鎬ц唱(zh矛)(瑕牳鍔犳垚銆佽Κ闆诲姞鎴�銆佹哀鍖栭倓鍘�)銆�
绗崄涓€绔� 鍎€鍣ㄥ垎鏋�
绗竴绡€(ji茅) 鏍哥鍏辨尟: 鍩烘湰鍘熺悊銆傚睆钄芥晥鎳夊拰鍖栧浣嶇Щ鍙婂奖闊垮洜绱�锛�
鑷棆鍋跺悎-瑁傚垎銆� 1H NMR 鍦栬瓬鍒嗘瀽銆�13C NMR 璀滃垎鏋愩€�
绗簩绡€(ji茅) 璩�(zh矛)璀�: 鍩烘湰鍘熺悊銆傚垎瀛愰洟瀛愬拰鍒嗗瓙閲�銆佸垎瀛愬紡纰哄畾銆傜
鐗囬洟瀛愬拰鍒嗗瓙绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勬帹鏂�銆�
绗笁绡€(ji茅) 绱呭鍏夎瓬: 鍩烘湰鍘熺悊銆傚畼鑳藉湗鐨勭壒寰佸惛鏀�銆傝瓬鍦栧垎鏋�銆�
绗洓绡€(ji茅) 绱鍏夎瓬: 涓€鑸蹇�銆傚垎瀛愮祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜岀传澶栧惛鏀剁殑闂�(gu膩n)绯�銆傝姵
棣欏寲鍚堢墿鐨勭传澶栧厜璀溿€�
绗簲绡€(ji茅) 鍏朵粬鍎€鍣ㄥ垎鏋愭柟娉曞湪鏈夋鍖栧涓婄殑鎳夌敤绨′粙銆�
绗崄浜岀珷 缇ч吀鍙婂叾琛嶇敓鐗�
绗竴绡€(ji茅) 缇ч吀锛氱祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屽懡鍚�銆傜墿鐞嗘€ц唱(zh矛)?锛涚槣W鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛氣憼閰告€�锛涒憽
缇ч吀琛嶇敓鐗╃殑鐢熸垚锛岃Κ鏍稿姞鎴�-娑堥櫎鍙嶆噳姗熺悊锛涒憿閭勫師鍙嶆噳锛涒懀鑴晶
鍙嶆噳锛涒懁伪-姘師瀛愮殑鍙栦唬鍙嶆噳銆備簩鍏冪晶閰稿強伪-缇ュ熀閰�銆傜晶閰哥殑鍒跺倷
鑸囬憭鍒ャ€�
绗簩绡€(ji茅) 缇ч吀琛嶇敓鐗╋細绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屽懡鍚嶃€傜墿鐞嗘€ц唱(zh矛)銆傚寲瀛告€ц唱(zh矛)锛氣憼.
缇ч吀琛嶇敓鐗╃殑鐩镐簰杞�(zhu菐n)鍖�锛涒憽鑸囨湁姗熼噾灞殑鍙嶆噳锛涒憿閭勫師锛涒懀閰拌兒鐨�
Hofmann 闄嶇礆鍙嶆噳銆傜晶閰歌鐢熺墿鐨勫埗鍌欒垏閼掑垾銆傜⒊閰歌鐢熺墿锛岃劜銆�
绗笁绡€(ji茅) 纰宠矤闆㈠瓙鐨勫弽鎳夊強鍦ㄥ悎鎴愪笂鐨勬噳鐢�: 鈶犵⒊璨犻洟瀛�: 绲�(ji茅)
妲�(g貌u)銆佸舰鎴�銆佺┅(w臎n)瀹氭€у拰鍙嶆噳锛涒憽閰府鍚堝弽鎳�锛涒憿涔欓叞涔欓吀涔欓叝銆佷笝浜岄吀
浜屼箼閰強椤炰技鍖栧悎鐗╃殑伪-姘弽鎳夊湪鍚堟垚涓殑鎳夌敤:鑸囬沟浠g兇鐨勮Κ鏍�
鍙栦唬銆佽垏缇ч吀琛嶇敓鐗╃殑瑕牳鍔犳垚-娑堥櫎銆佽垏缇板熀鐨勮Κ鏍稿姞鎴�銆�
绗崄涓夌珷 鍚爱鍖栧悎鐗�
绗竴绡€(ji茅) 纭濆熀鍖栧悎鐗╋細鍒嗛銆佺祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屽懡鍚�銆傜墿鐞嗘€ц唱(zh矛)?锛涚槣W鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛�
鈶犺垏鍫夸綔鐢�锛涒憽閭勫師鍙嶆噳锛� 鈶㈢鍩哄皪鑻挵(hu谩n)涓婂叾瀹冨彇浠e熀鐨勫奖闊�銆傚埗
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绗簩绡€(ji茅) 鑳猴細鍒嗛銆佺祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屽懡鍚嶃€傜墿鐞嗘€ц唱(zh矛)?锛涚槣W鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛氣憼鍫挎€э紱
5
鈶$兇鍩哄寲锛� 鈶㈤湇澶浖娑堥櫎 锛涒懀?锛涱姮?锛� 鈶よ垏浜炵閰稿弽鎳�锛� 鈶ヨ垏閱�
閰弽鎳�锛� 鈶﹁姵鑳虹殑鐗规畩鍙嶆噳(鑸囦簽纭濋吀浣滅敤銆佹哀鍖栥€佽姵鐠�(hu谩n)涓婄殑鍙栦唬鍙�
鎳�)銆� 瀛i姩楣�銆佸閵ㄥ牽銆傞櫧闆㈠瓙琛ㄩ潰娲绘€у姂銆傝兒鐨勫埗鍌欒垏閼掑垾銆�
绗笁绡€(ji茅) 閲嶆爱鍜屽伓姘寲鍚堢墿锛氶噸姘寲鍙嶆噳锛岄噸姘菇鐨勫寲瀛告€ц唱(zh矛)鍙�
鍏跺湪鍚堟垚涓殑鎳夌敤銆傚伓鍚堝弽鎳夛紝閲嶆爱鐢茬兎銆�
绗洓绡€(ji茅) 鑵堝拰鐣拌厛
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鍒嗛銆佸懡鍚�銆佺祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜岃姵棣欐€�銆� 浜斿厓鍠洔鐠�(hu谩n)鍖栧悎鐗�(鍛嬪杻銆佸櫥鍚�銆�
鍚″挴)锛氱墿鐞嗘€ц唱(zh矛)銆佸寲瀛告€ц唱(zh矛)(瑕浕鍙栦唬銆佸姞鎴�銆佺壒娈婂弽鎳�)锛岀碃閱� 鍚�
鍝�銆傚叚鍏冨柈闆滅挵(hu谩n)鍖栧悎鐗╋細鍚″暥銆佸柟鍟夛細鐗╂€с€佸寲鎬�(鍙栦唬銆佸急鍫挎€�銆�
姘у寲鑸囬倓鍘�)銆�
绗崄浜旂珷 鍗�(xi茅)鍚屽弽鎳�
绗竴绡€(ji茅) 闆荤挵(hu谩n)鍖栧弽鎳�
绗簩绡€(ji茅) 鐠�(hu谩n)鍔犳垚鍙嶆噳
绗笁绡€(ji茅) 蟽-閬风Щ銆�
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绗簩绡€(ji茅) 鍠硸锛氳憽钀勭硸銆佹灉绯�銆佹牳绯栫殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屽寲瀛告€ц唱(zh矛)
绗笁绡€(ji茅) 浜岀硸锛氳敆绯栥€侀亥鑺界硸鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屽寲瀛告€ц唱(zh矛)
绗洓绡€(ji茅) 澶氱硸銆佹穩绮夊拰绾栫董绱犲強鍏惰鐢熺墿绨′粙
绗崄涓冪珷 姘ㄥ熀閰�銆佽泲鐧借唱(zh矛)銆佹牳閰�
绗竴绡€(ji茅) 姘ㄥ熀閰革細鍒嗛鍜屽懡鍚嶃€傚叐鎬�銆佺瓑闆婚粸銆傚弽鎳�銆佸悎鎴�銆�
绗簩绡€(ji茅) 澶氳偨銆佽泲鐧借唱(zh矛)銆佹牳閰哥啊浠嬨€�
绗崄鍏珷 鏈夋鍚堟垚
绗竴绡€(ji茅) 鍩烘湰姒傚康锛氱洰妯欏垎瀛�銆佸垏鍓�銆佸悎鎴愬瓙銆侀€嗗悜鍚堟垚鍒嗘瀽
绗簩绡€(ji茅) 鍚堟垚姝ラ瑷▓锛氣憼鍩烘湰纰抽鏋剁殑妲�(g貌u)鎴�(澧為張鍙嶆噳銆佹笡閺堝弽
鎳�銆佹垚鐠�(hu谩n)鍙嶆噳)锛涒憽鍦ㄧ⒊楠ㄦ灦鍚堥仼鐨勪綅缃笂寮曞叆鎵€闇€鐨勫畼鑳藉湗(瀹樿兘
鍦樼殑寮曞叆銆佸畼鑳藉湗鐨勯櫎鍘�銆佸畼鑳藉湗鐨勮綁(zhu菐n)鍖�)锛涒憿鍙嶆噳鐨勯伕鎿囨€�銆佷繚璀�
鍩哄拰灏庡悜鍩�锛涒懀绔嬮珨鍖栧鎺у埗銆�
绗崄涔濈珷 鏈夋瀵﹂閮ㄥ垎
6
绗竴绡€(ji茅) 鍩烘湰鎿嶄綔锛氭櫘閫氳捀椁�銆佹按钂告埃钂搁ぞ銆佹笡澹撹捀椁�銆佸垎椁俱€�
鍏辨哺钂搁ぞ銆佽悆鍙�銆侀噸绲�(ji茅)鏅�銆佸崌鑿�銆佸共鐕�銆佸姞鐔便€佸喎鍗�銆佹敧鎷�銆佺啍榛�
娓畾
绗簩绡€(ji茅) 涓€浜涘寲鍚堢墿鐨勫悎鎴愬椹楋細涔欓吀涔欓叝銆佺挵(hu谩n)宸辩儻銆�1-婧翠竵鐑枫€�
鑻箼閰�銆侀劙鑻簩鐢查吀浜屼竵閰�銆�

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