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鍙嬫儏鎻愮ず锛氭湰绔欐彁渚涘叏鍦�400澶氭墍楂樼瓑闄㈡牎鎷涙敹纰╁＋銆佸崥澹爺绌剁敓鍏ュ(xu茅)鑰冭│姝峰勾鑰冪爺鐪熼銆佽€冨崥鐪熼銆佺瓟妗堬紝閮ㄥ垎瀛�(xu茅)鏍℃洿鏂拌嚦2012骞�锛�2013骞�锛涘潎鎻愪緵鏀惰不涓嬭級銆� 涓嬭級娴佺▼锛� 鑰冪爺鐪熼 榛炴搳鈥�鑰冪爺瑭﹀嵎鈥濃€濅笅杓�; 鑰冨崥鐪熼 榛炴搳鈥�鑰冨崥瑭﹀嵎搴�鈥� 涓嬭級
鈥滄硶瑾烇紙浜屽锛夆€濊€冭│澶х侗-鍗椾含鐞嗗伐澶у(xu茅)
涓€銆佸京(f霉)缈�(x铆)鍙冭€冩浉
1锛庡寳浜鍦嬭獮澶у(xu茅)娉曡獮绯婚Μ鏇夊畯銆佹煶鍒╃法锛岄櫝鎸牤?q奴)褰�?锛屻€婃硶瑾炪€嬶紙绗竴鍐婏級銆傚
瑾炴暀瀛�(xu茅)鑸囩爺绌跺嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�1992銆�
2锛庡寳浜鍦嬭獮澶у(xu茅)娉曡獮绯婚Μ鏇夊畯銆佹灄瀛濈厹绶�锛岄櫝鎸牤?q奴)褰�?锛屻€婃硶瑾炪€嬶紙绗簩鍐婏級銆�
澶栬獮鏁欏(xu茅)鑸囩爺绌跺嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�1992銆�
寰�(f霉)缈�(x铆)寤鸿锛氳€冪敓鎳�(y墨ng)鎺屾彙鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鐭ヨ瓨鐨勬牳蹇冨収(n猫i)瀹�锛屾湁姊濅欢鐨勮€冪敓閭勫彲鍙冮柋鍏朵粬鏇哥睄鍜�
璩囨枡锛屾摯鍏呰鍖噺骞堕潏娲婚亱鐢ㄧ煡璀�銆�
浜�銆佸京(f霉)缈�(x铆)瑕侀粸
鑰冪敓鎳�(y墨ng)鐣�(d膩ng)鍩烘湰鎺屾彙锛�
锛堜竴锛夋硶瑾炶畝闊冲熀鏈(gu墨)鍓�
锛堜簩锛夎(gu墨)鑼冩浉瀵紙鎷煎绗﹁櫉銆佹(bi膩o)榛炵铏燂級
锛堜笁锛夈€婃硶瑾炪€嬬涓€鍐婁互鍙婄浜屽唺鍩虹(ch菙)瑭炲尟锛堣褰€€佽缇╁拰甯哥敤鐭獮鐨勬惌閰嶄娇鐢級
锛堝洓锛夋硶瑾炴暩(sh霉)瀛�銆佸洓鍓囬亱绠�銆佸熀鏁�(sh霉)瑭炲拰搴忔暩(sh霉)瑭炪€佺櫨鍒嗘瘮鍜屽皬鏁�(sh霉)榛�銆佸€嶆暩(sh霉)銆侀噸閲�銆�
闀峰害銆侀潰绌�銆侀€熷害鍜岃窛闆€€佹暩(sh霉)閲忓悕瑭�銆佹韩搴�銆佸绌�銆侀珨绌�銆侀悩榛炵殑琛ㄩ仈
锛堜簲锛夊熀鏈獮娉曠祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛�
1. 瑭炴硶
1) 鍚嶈锛氶櫚闄芥€�銆佸柈寰�(f霉)鏁�(sh霉)閰嶅悎鐨勫熀鏈娇鐢ㄨ(gu墨)鍓�锛屾櫘閫氬悕瑭炶垏灏堟湁鍚嶈锛�
寰�(f霉)鍚堝悕瑭炵殑寰�(f霉)鏁�(sh霉)
2) 鍐犺锛氬畾鍐犺銆佷笉瀹氬啝瑭�銆侀儴鍒嗗啝瑭炪€佺府鍜屽啝瑭炵殑鍩烘湰浣跨敤瑕�(gu墨)鍓�锛屽啝
瑭炵殑鐪佺暐
3) 褰㈠瑭烇細鍝佽唱(zh矛)褰㈠瑭炲拰闄愬畾褰㈠瑭烇紙鎸囩ず褰㈠瑭炪€佷富鏈夊舰瀹硅銆佹暩(sh霉)瑭烇級锛�
闄伴櫧鎬�銆佸柈寰�(f霉)鏁�(sh霉)閰嶅悎鐨勫熀鏈娇鐢ㄨ(gu墨)鍓�锛屽舰瀹硅鐨勬瘮杓冪礆鍜屾渶楂樼礆鐢ㄦ硶
4) 浠ｈ锛氫富瑾炰汉绋变唬瑭�銆佽硴瑾炰汉绋变唬瑭炲湪鍙ヤ腑鐨勪綅缃�銆侀噸璁€浜虹ū浠ｈ銆�
娉涙寚浜虹ū浠ｈ銆佷腑鎬т唬瑭� le锛岀枒鍟忎唬瑭烇紙鍖呮嫭寰�(f霉)鍚堢枒鍟忎唬瑭� lequel锛夛紝鍓�
浠ｈ en 鍜� y銆佷富鏈変唬瑭炪€侀棞(gu膩n)绯讳唬瑭�
5) 鍓锛氬壇瑭炵殑浣嶇疆锛屽壇瑭炵殑姣旇純绱氬拰鏈€楂樼礆鐢ㄦ硶
6) 浠嬭鍜岄€ｈ鐨勫熀鏈娇鐢ㄨ(gu墨)鍓�
7) 鍕曡锛氬強鐗╁嫊瑭炲拰涓嶅強鐗╁嫊瑭�锛岀劇浜虹ū鍕曡锛岀涓€绲�銆佺浜岀祫銆佺涓�
绲勫嫊瑭炰互鍙婁唬鍕曡鐨勮畩浣�锛岃獮寮忓拰鏅傛厠(t脿i)妲�(g貌u)鎴愯垏浣跨敤锛堢洿闄冲紡鐝�(xi脿n)鍦ㄦ檪銆佹渶杩�
灏囦締鏅傘€佹渶杩戦亷鍘绘檪銆佸京(f霉)鍚堥亷鍘绘檪銆佺啊鍠皣渚嗘檪銆佹湭瀹屾垚閬庡幓鏅傘€佹剤閬庡幓
鏅�銆侀亷鍘诲皣渚嗘檪銆佹浠跺紡鐝�(xi脿n)鍦ㄦ檪銆佸懡浠ゅ紡锛�, 鐝�(xi脿n)鍦ㄥ垎瑭�銆侀亷鍘诲垎瑭�銆佸壇鍕�
瑭炲拰鍕曡涓嶅畾寮忕殑鐢ㄦ硶锛屽嫊瑭炵殑琚嫊鎱�(t脿i)
2. 鍙ユ硶
1) 娉曡獮鍙ュ瓙鐨勫熀鏈祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛氬彞瀛愮殑涓昏鎴愪唤锛堜富瑾�銆佽瑐瑾�銆佺洿鎺ヨ硴瑾炲拰闁�
鎺ヨ硴瑾�銆佺媭瑾炪€佽瑾烇級锛岄櫝杩板彞銆佸惁瀹氬彞銆佺枒鍟忓彞锛堜竴鑸枒鍟忓彞鍜岀壒娈婄枒
鍟忓彞锛�
2) 鎰熷槅鍙ワ紙鎰熷槅褰㈠瑭� quel锛�
3) 寰�(f霉)鍚堝彞锛氫綔鍕曡璩撹獮鐨勮瑾炲緸鍙�锛岄棞(gu膩n)绯讳唬瑭� qui銆乹ue銆乷霉 鍜岄棞(gu膩n)绯诲緸鍙�
姊濅欢寰炲彞锛岀洿鎺ュ紩瑾炲拰闁撴帴寮曡獮
4) 涓昏瑐鍊掕
锛堝叚锛夊熀鏈柋璁€鎶€鑳斤紙寰炶獮绡囩寽娓缇�銆佹妸鎻′俊鎭強鍒嗘瀽姒傛嫭鐨勮兘鍔涳級
锛堜竷锛夊熀鏈炕璀兘鍔涳紙涓€鑸殑鏃ュ父銆佹枃鍖栥€佺鎶€銆佹鍙茬煭鏂囩殑缈昏鎶€鑳斤級
鍏嶈铂(z茅)鑱叉槑锛氭湰鏂囩郴杞�(zhu菐n)杓夎嚜缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)锛屽鏈変镜鐘�锛岃珛鑱�(li谩n)绯绘垜鍊戠珛鍗冲埅闄わ紝鍙︼細鏈枃鍍呬唬琛ㄤ綔鑰呭€嬩汉瑙€榛�锛岃垏鏈恫(w菐ng)绔欑劇闂�(gu膩n)銆傚叾鍘熷壍(chu脿ng)鎬т互鍙婃枃涓櫝杩版枃瀛楀拰鍏�(n猫i)瀹规湭缍�(j墨ng)鏈珯璀夊锛屽皪鏈枃浠ュ強鍏朵腑鍏ㄩ儴鎴栬€呴儴鍒嗗収(n猫i)瀹�銆佹枃瀛楃殑鐪熷鎬�銆佸畬鏁存€�銆佸強鏅傛€ф湰绔欎笉浣滀换浣曚繚璀夋垨鎵胯锛岃珛璁€鑰呭儏浣滃弮鑰�锛屽苟璜嬭嚜琛屾牳瀵︾浉闂�(gu膩n)鍏�(n猫i)瀹�銆�
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鏂囩珷鎼滅储
鎮ㄧ従(xi脿n)鍦ㄧ殑浣嶇疆锛� 
