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鍙嬫儏鎻愮ず锛氭湰绔欐彁渚涘叏鍦�(gu贸)400澶氭墍楂樼瓑闄㈡牎鎷涙敹纰╁＋銆佸崥澹爺绌剁敓鍏ュ(xu茅)鑰冭│姝峰勾鑰冪爺鐪熼銆佽€冨崥鐪熼銆佺瓟妗堬紝閮ㄥ垎瀛�(xu茅)鏍℃洿鏂拌嚦2012骞�锛�2013骞�锛涘潎鎻愪緵鏀惰不(f猫i)涓嬭級銆� 涓嬭級娴佺▼锛� 鑰冪爺鐪熼 榛�(di菐n)鎿娾€�鑰冪爺瑭﹀嵎鈥濃€濅笅杓�; 鑰冨崥鐪熼 榛�(di菐n)鎿娾€�鑰冨崥瑭﹀嵎搴�(k霉)鈥� 涓嬭級
鈥滄硶瑾�(y菙)锛堜簩澶栵級鈥濊€冭│澶х侗-鍗椾含鐞嗗伐澶у(xu茅)
涓€銆佸京(f霉)缈�(x铆)鍙冭€冩浉(sh奴)
1锛庡寳浜鍦�(gu贸)瑾�(y菙)澶у(xu茅)娉曡獮(y菙)绯婚Μ鏇夊畯銆佹煶鍒╃法锛岄櫝鎸牤?q奴)褰�?锛屻€婃硶瑾�(y菙)銆嬶紙绗竴鍐�(c猫)锛�銆傚
瑾�(y菙)鏁欏(xu茅)鑸囩爺绌跺嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�1992銆�
2锛庡寳浜鍦�(gu贸)瑾�(y菙)澶у(xu茅)娉曡獮(y菙)绯婚Μ鏇夊畯銆佹灄瀛濈厹绶紝闄虫尟鍫�?q奴)褰�?锛屻€婃硶瑾�(y菙)銆嬶紙绗簩鍐�(c猫)锛�銆�
澶栬獮(y菙)鏁欏(xu茅)鑸囩爺绌跺嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�1992銆�
寰�(f霉)缈�(x铆)寤鸿锛氳€冪敓鎳�(y墨ng)鎺屾彙鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鐭ヨ瓨(sh铆)鐨勬牳蹇冨収(n猫i)瀹�锛屾湁姊濅欢鐨勮€冪敓閭勫彲鍙冮柋鍏朵粬鏇�(sh奴)绫嶅拰
璩囨枡锛屾摯(ku貌)鍏呰鍖噺骞堕潏娲婚亱(y霉n)鐢ㄧ煡璀�(sh铆)銆�
浜�銆佸京(f霉)缈�(x铆)瑕侀粸(di菐n)
鑰冪敓鎳�(y墨ng)鐣�(d膩ng)鍩烘湰鎺屾彙锛�
锛堜竴锛夋硶瑾�(y菙)璁€闊冲熀鏈(gu墨)鍓�
锛堜簩锛夎(gu墨)鑼冩浉(sh奴)瀵�(xi臎)锛堟嫾瀵�(xi臎)绗﹁櫉(h脿o)銆佹(bi膩o)榛�(di菐n)绗﹁櫉(h脿o)锛�
锛堜笁锛夈€婃硶瑾�(y菙)銆嬬涓€鍐�(c猫)浠ュ強绗簩鍐�(c猫)鍩虹(ch菙)瑭炲尟锛堣褰�銆佽缇╁拰甯哥敤鐭獮(y菙)鐨勬惌閰嶄娇鐢級
锛堝洓锛夋硶瑾�(y菙)鏁�(sh霉)瀛�銆佸洓鍓囬亱(y霉n)绠�銆佸熀鏁�(sh霉)瑭炲拰搴忔暩(sh霉)瑭�銆佺櫨鍒嗘瘮鍜屽皬鏁�(sh霉)榛�(di菐n)銆佸€嶆暩(sh霉)銆侀噸閲�銆�
闀�(zh菐ng)搴�銆侀潰绌�銆侀€熷害鍜岃窛闆�銆佹暩(sh霉)閲忓悕瑭炪€佹韩搴�銆佸绌嶃€侀珨绌嶃€侀悩榛�(di菐n)鐨勮〃閬�(d谩)
锛堜簲锛夊熀鏈獮(y菙)娉曠祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛�
1. 瑭炴硶
1) 鍚嶈锛氶櫚闄�(y谩ng)鎬�銆佸柈寰�(f霉)鏁�(sh霉)閰嶅悎鐨勫熀鏈娇鐢ㄨ(gu墨)鍓囷紝鏅€氬悕瑭炶垏灏�(zhu膩n)鏈夊悕瑭�锛�
寰�(f霉)鍚堝悕瑭炵殑寰�(f霉)鏁�(sh霉)
2) 鍐犺锛氬畾鍐犺銆佷笉瀹氬啝瑭�銆侀儴鍒嗗啝瑭�銆佺府鍜屽啝瑭炵殑鍩烘湰浣跨敤瑕�(gu墨)鍓�锛屽啝
瑭炵殑鐪佺暐
3) 褰㈠瑭烇細鍝佽唱(zh矛)褰㈠瑭炲拰闄愬畾褰㈠瑭烇紙鎸囩ず褰㈠瑭�銆佷富鏈夊舰瀹硅銆佹暩(sh霉)瑭烇級锛�
闄伴櫧(y谩ng)鎬�銆佸柈寰�(f霉)鏁�(sh霉)閰嶅悎鐨勫熀鏈娇鐢ㄨ(gu墨)鍓囷紝褰㈠瑭炵殑姣旇純绱�(j铆)鍜屾渶楂樼礆(j铆)鐢ㄦ硶
4) 浠ｈ锛氫富瑾�(y菙)浜虹ū(ch膿ng)浠ｈ銆佽硴瑾�(y菙)浜虹ū(ch膿ng)浠ｈ鍦ㄥ彞涓殑浣嶇疆銆侀噸璁€浜虹ū(ch膿ng)浠ｈ銆�
娉涙寚浜虹ū(ch膿ng)浠ｈ銆佷腑鎬т唬瑭� le锛岀枒鍟�(w猫n)浠ｈ锛堝寘鎷京(f霉)鍚堢枒鍟�(w猫n)浠ｈ lequel锛�锛屽壇
浠ｈ en 鍜� y銆佷富鏈変唬瑭�銆侀棞(gu膩n)绯讳唬瑭�
5) 鍓锛氬壇瑭炵殑浣嶇疆锛屽壇瑭炵殑姣旇純绱�(j铆)鍜屾渶楂樼礆(j铆)鐢ㄦ硶
6) 浠嬭鍜岄€ｈ鐨勫熀鏈娇鐢ㄨ(gu墨)鍓�
7) 鍕�(d貌ng)瑭烇細鍙婄墿鍕�(d貌ng)瑭炲拰涓嶅強鐗╁嫊(d貌ng)瑭烇紝鐒�(w煤)浜虹ū(ch膿ng)鍕�(d貌ng)瑭�锛岀涓€绲�銆佺浜岀祫銆佺涓�
绲勫嫊(d貌ng)瑭炰互鍙婁唬鍕�(d貌ng)瑭炵殑璁婁綅锛岃獮(y菙)寮忓拰鏅�(sh铆)鎱�(t脿i)妲�(g貌u)鎴愯垏浣跨敤锛堢洿闄冲紡鐝�(xi脿n)鍦ㄦ檪(sh铆)銆佹渶杩�
灏囦締(l谩i)鏅�(sh铆)銆佹渶杩戦亷(gu貌)鍘绘檪(sh铆)銆佸京(f霉)鍚堥亷(gu貌)鍘绘檪(sh铆)銆佺啊(ji菐n)鍠皣渚�(l谩i)鏅�(sh铆)銆佹湭瀹屾垚閬�(gu貌)鍘绘檪(sh铆)銆佹剤閬�(gu貌)鍘�
鏅�(sh铆)銆侀亷(gu貌)鍘诲皣渚�(l谩i)鏅�(sh铆)銆佹浠跺紡鐝�(xi脿n)鍦ㄦ檪(sh铆)銆佸懡浠ゅ紡锛�, 鐝�(xi脿n)鍦ㄥ垎瑭�銆侀亷(gu貌)鍘诲垎瑭�銆佸壇鍕�(d貌ng)
瑭炲拰鍕�(d貌ng)瑭炰笉瀹氬紡鐨勭敤娉�锛屽嫊(d貌ng)瑭炵殑琚嫊(d貌ng)鎱�(t脿i)
2. 鍙ユ硶
1) 娉曡獮(y菙)鍙ュ瓙鐨勫熀鏈祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛氬彞瀛愮殑涓昏鎴愪唤锛堜富瑾�(y菙)銆佽瑐瑾�(y菙)銆佺洿鎺ヨ硴瑾�(y菙)鍜岄枔
鎺ヨ硴瑾�(y菙)銆佺媭瑾�(y菙)銆佽(b菙)瑾�(y菙)锛�锛岄櫝杩板彞銆佸惁瀹氬彞銆佺枒鍟�(w猫n)鍙ワ紙涓€鑸枒鍟�(w猫n)鍙ュ拰鐗规畩鐤�
鍟�(w猫n)鍙ワ級
2) 鎰熷槅鍙ワ紙鎰熷槅褰㈠瑭� quel锛�
3) 寰�(f霉)鍚堝彞锛氫綔鍕�(d貌ng)瑭炶硴瑾�(y菙)鐨勮(b菙)瑾�(y菙)寰炲彞锛岄棞(gu膩n)绯讳唬瑭� qui銆乹ue銆乷霉 鍜岄棞(gu膩n)绯诲緸鍙�
姊濅欢寰炲彞锛岀洿鎺ュ紩瑾�(y菙)鍜岄枔鎺ュ紩瑾�(y菙)
4) 涓昏瑐鍊掕
锛堝叚锛夊熀鏈柋璁€鎶€鑳斤紙寰炶獮(y菙)绡囩寽娓�(c猫)瑭炵京銆佹妸鎻′俊鎭強鍒嗘瀽姒傛嫭鐨勮兘鍔涳級
锛堜竷锛夊熀鏈炕璀兘鍔涳紙涓€鑸殑鏃ュ父銆佹枃鍖�銆佺鎶€銆佹鍙茬煭鏂囩殑缈昏鎶€鑳斤級
鍏嶈铂(z茅)鑱叉槑锛氭湰鏂囩郴杞�(zhu菐n)杓夎嚜缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)锛屽鏈変镜鐘紝璜�(q菒ng)鑱�(li谩n)绯绘垜鍊戠珛鍗冲埅闄�锛屽彟锛氭湰鏂囧儏浠ｈ〃浣滆€呭€�(g猫)浜鸿榛�(di菐n)锛岃垏鏈恫(w菐ng)绔欑劇(w煤)闂�(gu膩n)銆傚叾鍘熷壍(chu脿ng)鎬т互鍙婃枃涓櫝杩版枃瀛楀拰鍏�(n猫i)瀹规湭缍�(j墨ng)鏈珯璀夊(sh铆)锛屽皪(du矛)鏈枃浠ュ強鍏朵腑鍏ㄩ儴鎴栬€呴儴鍒嗗収(n猫i)瀹�銆佹枃瀛楃殑鐪熷(sh铆)鎬�銆佸畬鏁存€�銆佸強鏅�(sh铆)鎬ф湰绔欎笉浣滀换浣曚繚璀夋垨鎵胯锛岃珛(q菒ng)璁€鑰呭儏浣滃弮鑰�锛屽苟璜�(q菒ng)鑷鏍稿(sh铆)鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鍏�(n猫i)瀹�銆�
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鏂囩珷鎼滅储
鎮ㄧ従(xi脿n)鍦ㄧ殑浣嶇疆锛� 
