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绉戠洰浠ｇ⒓銆佸悕绋�(ch膿ng): 349 钘ュ(xu茅)缍滃悎
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鏈夋(j墨)鍖栧(xu茅)锛堝叾涓(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)绱勫崰 20%锛�
1. 绶掕珫顎�
鍖栧(xu茅)閸佃垏闆滃寲杌岄亾鐞嗚珫锛汢ronsted 閰稿牽鐞嗚珫鑸� Lewis 閰稿牽鐞嗚珫銆�
2. 鐑风兇鍜岀挵(hu谩n)鐑风兇
鐑风兇鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鑸囧懡鍚�锛屾(g貌u)閫犵暟妲�(g貌u)銆傝剛鐠�(hu谩n)鐑寸殑鍒嗛(l猫i)銆佸懡鍚�銆傜挵(hu谩n)宸茬兎鍙婂叾琛嶇敓鐗╃殑妲�(g貌u)璞°€傜兎鐑寸殑鍖栧(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛�
鈶犻沟鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)鍙婅嚜鐢卞熀鍙栦唬鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)姝风▼锛涒憽姘у寲鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆傜挵(hu谩n)鐑风兇鐨勫寲瀛�(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛氳嚜鐢卞熀鍙栦唬鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛屽姞鎴愬弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛屾哀
鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆�
3. 鐑兇鍜岀倲鐑�
鐑兇鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鑸囧懡鍚嶏紝妲�(g貌u)閫犵暟妲�(g貌u)銆侀爢?l猫)涓叉偐?g貌u)鑸囪〃绀烘柟娉�?锛涚槣W(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛�1.鍔犳垚鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛氣憼瑕浕鍔犳垚锛氬姞楣�
绱�锛屽姞楣靛寲姘�(鍔犳垚鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)瑕�(gu墨)鍓囷紝瑾樺皫(d菐o)鏁堟噳(y墨ng)锛岀⒊姝ｉ洟瀛愮祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佺┅(w臎n)瀹氭€у拰纰虫闆㈠瓙鐨勯噸鎺�)锛岀〖姘寲鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛堥伕
鎿囨€э級锛涒憽鍌寲姘寲锛涒憿鑷敱鍩哄姞鎴愬強鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)姝风▼锛�2.闆欓嵉鐨勬哀鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛�3.伪 -姘師瀛愮殑鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛氶沟浠ｏ紙鐑笝
鍩鸿嚜鐢卞熀锛�銆佹哀鍖�銆傜儻鐑寸殑鍒舵硶鍜岄憭鍒�銆傜倲鐑寸殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鑸囧懡鍚�?锛涚槣W(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛氣憼鍔犳垚鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛氬姞姘�銆佽Κ闆诲姞鎴�(鍔�
楣电礌銆佸姞楣靛寲绱�锛屽姞姘�)锛涒憽姘у寲鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛涒憿娲绘綉姘弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛涒懀鐐旂兇鐨勫埗鍌欒垏閼掑垾銆�
4.浜岀儻鐑搭€勫叡杌涢珨绯�
浜岀儻鐑寸殑鍒嗛(l猫i)鍜屽懡鍚�銆傚叡杌涗簩鐑兇鐨勫寲瀛�(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛氣憼鍔犳垚鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)(1,4 鍙� 1,2 鍔犳垚)锛屸憽Diels-Alder 鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆�
鐠�(hu谩n)鐑兇鍜岀挵(hu谩n)浜岀儻鐑寸殑鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆�
5. 鑺崇兇鍜岃姵棣欐€�
鑺崇兇鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鑸囧懡鍚�?锛涚槣W(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛�1.瑕浕鍙栦唬鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛�2.姘у寲鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛堝伌(c猫)閺堟哀鍖栵級锛�3.鍋�(c猫)閺堝彇浠�锛�4.瑕浕鍙�
浠ｏ細鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)姝风▼锛屽畾浣嶈(gu墨)鍓囧強娲诲寲浣滅敤锛岀悊璜栬В閲�(闆诲瓙鏁堟噳(y墨ng)锛岀┖闁撴晥鎳�(y墨ng))锛岄洐鍙栦唬鍩哄畾浣嶈(gu墨)鍓囧強鐞嗚珫瑙ｉ噵?zhu膩n)?br/>瀹氫綅瑕�(gu墨)鍓囩殑鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�銆�
鑱�(li谩n)鑻�銆佺鐠�(hu谩n)鑺崇兇銆佽悩鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍙婂寲瀛�(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)銆傝姵棣欑祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)(浼戝厠鐖捐(gu墨)鍓囥€侀潪鑻姵鐑�)銆傚父瑕�(ji脿n)瑕浕瑭﹀姂鐨勫垎椤�(l猫i)銆�
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6. 绔嬮珨鍖栧(xu茅)
鍒嗗瓙鐨勫皪(du矛)绋�(ch膿ng)鍥犵礌銆傚惈涓€鍊�(g猫)鎵嬫€х⒊鍘熷瓙鐨勫寲鍚堢墿鐨勬棆鍏夌暟妲�(g貌u)锛屽娑堟棆楂旇垏澶栨秷鏃嬪寲銆傚惈鍏╁€�(g猫)鎵嬫€х⒊鍘�
瀛愮殑鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鏃嬪厜鐣版(g貌u)锛屽皪(du矛)鏄犻珨锛岄潪灏�(du矛)鏄犻珨锛屽収(n猫i)娑堟棆楂斻€傛(g貌u)鍨嬬殑纰哄畾銆佹(bi膩o)瑷樺拰琛ㄧず鏂规硶銆傜挵(hu谩n)鐙€鍖栧悎鐗╃殑
绔嬮珨鐣版(g貌u)銆傜珛楂斿皥(zhu膩n)涓€鎬у拰绔嬮珨閬告搰鎬у弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆�
7. 楣典唬鐑�
楣典唬鐑寸殑鍒嗛(l猫i)鍜屽懡鍚�銆傞沟浠ｇ兎鐨勫寲瀛�(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛�1.瑕牳鍙栦唬鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍙婃绋�(SN1 鍜� SN2)锛�2.娑堥櫎鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛毼� -
娑堥櫎鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)姝风▼(E1 鍜� E2)锛屾秷闄ゆ柟鍚�锛屽彇浠ｈ垏娑堥櫎鐨勭(j矛ng)鐖�(zh膿ng)锛�3. 楣典唬鐑疯垏閲戝爆浣滅敤(鏍兼皬瑭﹀姂锛岀兎鍩洪嫲)銆�
楣典唬鐑寸殑鍒跺倷銆�4. 甯歌(ji脿n)瑕牳瑭﹀姂鐨勮Κ鏍告€у拰鍫挎€�銆�
8. 鏈夋(j墨)鍖栧悎鐗╃殑娉㈣瓬鍒嗘瀽
鏍哥鍏辨尟锛氬睆钄芥晥鎳�(y墨ng)鍜屽寲瀛�(xu茅)浣嶇Щ鍙婂奖闊垮洜绱�锛岃嚜鏃嬪伓鍚�-瑁傚垎銆�
1
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璩�(zh矛)璀滐細鍒嗗瓙闆㈠瓙銆佺鐗囬洟瀛愬拰鍒嗗瓙绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勬帹鏂枫€�
绱呭鍏夎瓬: 瀹樿兘鍦�(tu谩n)鐨勭壒寰佸惛鏀�銆傝瓬鍦栧垎鏋愩€�
9. 閱囧拰閰�
閱囷細绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佸垎椤�(l猫i)鍜屽懡鍚�?锛涚槣W(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛氣憼鑸囨椿娼戦噾灞殑鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛涒憽缇ュ熀鐨勫弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛氶沟浠�銆佽劔姘村弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛涒憿姘�
鍖栬垏鑴矮銆傞唶鐨勫埗鍌�銆�
閰氾細绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佸垎椤�(l猫i)鍜屽懡鍚�?锛涚槣W(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛氣憼閰氱茎鍩虹殑鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛氶吀鎬�銆佹垚閰€佹垚閱�锛涒憽鑺崇挵(hu谩n)涓婄殑鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆�
10. 閱氬拰鐠�(hu谩n)姘у寲鍚堢墿
閱氳垏鐠�(hu谩n)姘у寲鍚堢墿锛氱祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屽懡鍚�銆傚寲瀛�(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛氶亷(gu貌)姘у寲鐗╃殑鐢熸垚锛岀挵(hu谩n)閱氱殑闁�(k膩i)鐠�(hu谩n)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鑸囧弽鎳�(y墨ng)姗�(j墨)鐞�銆�
11. 閱涘拰閰€�
绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佸垎椤�(l猫i)鍜屽懡鍚嶏紝鐗╃悊鎬ц唱(zh矛)?锛涚槣W(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛氣憼鍔犳垚鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍙婃绋�锛涒憽伪 -姘師瀛愮殑鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛涒憿姘у寲鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛�
鈶ｉ倓鍘熷弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛涒懁姝у寲鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆傞啗閰殑鍒跺倷鑸囬憭鍒ャ€偽� 銆佄� -涓嶉＝鍜岄啗閰殑鎬ц唱(zh矛)銆�
12. 缇ч吀鍙婂叾琛嶇敓鐗┿€佄� -浜岀景鍩哄寲鍚堢墿
缇ч吀锛氱祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屽懡鍚�銆傚寲瀛�(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛氣憼閰告€�锛涒憽缇ч吀琛嶇敓鐗╃殑鐢熸垚锛岃Κ鏍稿姞鎴�-娑堥櫎鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)姗�(j墨)鐞嗭紱鈶㈤倓鍘熷弽
鎳�(y墨ng)锛涒懀鑴晶鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛涒懁伪 -姘師瀛愮殑鍙栦唬鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆�
缇ч吀琛嶇敓鐗╋細绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屽懡鍚�?锛涚槣W(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛氣憼缇ч吀琛嶇敓鐗╃殑鐩镐簰杞�(zhu菐n)鍖�锛涒憽鑸囨湁姗�(j墨)閲戝爆鐨勫弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛涒憿閰拌兒Hofmann
闄嶈В鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆�
纰宠矤(f霉)闆㈠瓙鐨勫弽鎳�(y墨ng)鍙婃噳(y墨ng)鐢細鈶犻叝绺悎鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛涒憽涔欓叞涔欓吀涔欓叝銆佷笝浜岄吀浜屼箼閰強椤�(l猫i)浼肩墿鐨勎� -姘弽鎳�(y墨ng)鍦ㄥ悎
鎴愪腑鐨勬噳(y墨ng)鐢�銆�
13. 鏈夋(j墨)鍚爱鍖栧悎鐗�
纭濆熀鍖栧悎鐗╋細绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屽懡鍚�?锛涚槣W(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛氣憼閭勫師鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛涒憽纭濆熀灏�(du矛)鑻挵(hu谩n)涓婂叾瀹冨彇浠ｅ熀鐨勫奖闊�銆�
鑳猴細绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屽懡鍚�?锛涚槣W(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛氣憼闇嶅か鏇兼秷闄�锛涒憽?锛涱姮顕樿檸鍙焎浜炵閰稿弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛涒懀鑸囬啗閰弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛涒懁鑺宠兒
鐨勭壒娈婂弽鎳�(y墨ng)(鑸囦簽纭濋吀浣滅敤銆佹哀鍖�銆佽姵鐠�(hu谩n)涓婄殑鍙栦唬鍙嶆噳(y墨ng))銆�
閲嶆爱鍜屽伓姘寲鍚堢墿锛氶噸姘寲鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛岄噸姘菇鐨勫埗鍌欏強鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�銆傚伓鍚堝弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛岄噸姘敳鐑�銆�
鑵堝拰鐣拌厛
14. 闆滅挵(hu谩n)鍖栧悎鐗�
鍒嗛(l猫i)銆佸懡鍚嶃€佺祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜岃姵棣欐€�銆備簲鍏冨柈闆滅挵(hu谩n)鍖栧悎鐗�(鍛嬪杻銆佸櫥鍚┿€佸悺鍜�)銆佸叚鍏冨柈闆滅挵(hu谩n)鍖栧悎鐗╋紙鍚″暥銆�
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鑰冭│鏅�(sh铆)闁擄細3 灏忔檪(sh铆)
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涓�銆佷富瑕佸弮鑰冩浉(sh奴)鐩�
1.銆婃湁姗�(j墨)鍖栧(xu茅)銆嬶紙绗洓鐗堬級楂橀椿璩擄紝楂樼瓑鏁欒偛鍑虹増绀�锛�2005銆�
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