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骞冲潎鍒嗗瓙閲�銆佸垎瀛愰噺鍒嗗竷銆佸ぇ鍒嗗瓙寰祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)绛夊熀鏈蹇�锛涗簡瑙ｈ仛鍚堢墿鐨勭墿鐞嗙媭鎱�(t脿i)鍜�
涓昏鎬ц兘锛屼簡瑙ｉ珮鍒嗗瓙绉戝(xu茅)鍙婂叾宸ユキ(y猫)鐧�(f膩)灞曟鍙插拰鍓嶆櫙銆�
锛�2锛� 绺仛鑸囬€愭鑱氬悎
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鍜岃仛鍚堬紞瑙ｈ仛骞宠 銆佽嚜鐢卞熀鑱氬悎姗�(j墨)鐞�銆佸紩鐧�(f膩)鍔戙€佸叾浠栧紩鐧�(f膩)浣滅敤銆佽仛鍚堥€熺巼銆佸嫊(d貌ng)鍔涘(xu茅)
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鐢紝鍙帶/娲绘€ц嚜鐢卞熀鑱氬悎銆佽仛鍚堢啽鍔涘(xu茅)鍙婂垎瀛愰噺鍒嗗竷绛夈€�
锛�4锛� 鑷敱鍩哄叡鑱氬悎
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鏁堟噳(y墨ng)銆佸鍏冨叡鑱�銆佺(j矛ng)鑱氱巼銆佸柈楂旀椿鎬у拰鑷敱鍩烘椿鎬�銆丵锛峞 姒傚康銆佸叡鑱氶€熺巼銆�
鑰冭│瑕佹眰锛氭帉鎻′簩鍏冨叡鑱氱墿鐬檪(sh铆)绲勬垚鑸囧柈楂旂祫鎴愮殑闂�(gu膩n)绯�锛涚(j矛ng)鑱氱巼鐨勬剰缇╋紱鍏稿瀷
鐨勫叡鑱氱墿鐬檪(sh铆)绲勬垚鏇茬窔椤炲瀷浠ュ強鍏辫仛鐗╃祫鎴愯垏杞�(zhu菐n)鍖栫巼鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯�锛涘叡鑱氱墿绲勬垚鍧囦竴
鎬х殑鎺у埗鏂规硶锛涘柈楂斿強鑷敱鍩虹殑娲绘€�锛決-e 姒傚康銆備簡瑙ｅ墠鏈鏁堟噳(y墨ng)銆佸鍏冨叡鑱氬拰
鍏辫仛鍚堥€熺巼绛夈€�
锛�5锛� 鑱氬悎鏂规硶
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鑰冭│瑕佹眰锛氭帉鎻℃湰楂�銆佹憾娑层€佹嚫娴拰涔虫恫绛夊悇绋仛鍚堝(sh铆)鏂芥柟娉曠殑鐗归粸(di菐n)锛涚稉(j墨ng)鍏�
涔虫恫鑱氬悎鐨勬(j墨)鐞�銆備簡瑙ｄ竴浜涘父瑕�(ji脿n)鑱氬悎鐗╃殑鑱氬悎鏂规硶銆�
5.6锛� 闆㈠瓙鑱氬悎
鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹癸細闄伴洟瀛愯仛鍚堛€侀櫧(y谩ng)闆㈠瓙鑱氬悎銆侀洟瀛愯仛鍚堣垏鑷敱鍩鸿仛鍚堢殑姣旇純銆侀洟瀛�
鍏辫仛銆�
鑰冭│瑕佹眰锛氭帉鎻￠櫚銆侀櫧(y谩ng)闆㈠瓙鑱氬悎鐨勫柈楂斿拰寮曠櫦(f膩)鍔戯紱鎺屾彙闄伴洟瀛愯仛鍚堢殑姗�(j墨)鐞�銆�
娲绘€ц仛鍚堝強鍏舵噳(y墨ng)鐢�锛涗簡瑙ｉ櫧(y谩ng)闆㈠瓙鑱氬悎姗�(j墨)鐞�銆侀洟瀛愬叡鑱氱殑鐗归粸(di菐n)绛�銆�
锛�7锛� 閰嶄綅鑱氬悎
鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹癸細鑱氬悎鐗╃殑绔嬮珨鐣版(g貌u)鐝�(xi脿n)璞�銆乑iegler-Natta 寮曠櫦(f膩)鍔�銆佷笝鐑殑閰嶄綅鑱氬悎銆�
妤垫€у柈楂旂殑閰嶄綅鑱氬悎銆佽寕閲戝爆寮曠櫦(f膩)鍔�銆佸叡杌涗簩鐑兇鐨勯厤浣嶈仛鍚堛€�
鑰冭│瑕佹眰锛氭帉鎻¤仛鍚堢墿鐨勭珛楂旂暟妲�(g貌u)鐝�(xi脿n)璞�锛岄厤浣嶈仛鍚�銆佸畾鍚戣仛鍚堛€佺珛妲�(g貌u)瑕�(gu墨)鏁村害
绛夊熀鏈蹇�锛沍iegler-Natta 寮曠櫦(f膩)鍔戠殑绲勬垚銆備簡瑙ｄ笝鐑厤浣嶉櫚闆㈠瓙鑱氬悎姗�(j墨)鐞嗗強瀹氬悜
鐨勫師鍥�锛屾サ鎬у柈楂旂殑閰嶄綅闄伴洟瀛愯仛鍚�锛岃寕閲戝爆寮曠櫦(f膩)鍔�锛屽叡杌涗簩鐑兇閰嶄綅鑱氬悎鐨勪富
瑕佸紩鐧�(f膩)楂旂郴绛�銆�
6.8锛夐枊(k膩i)鐠�(hu谩n)鑱氬悎
鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹癸細鐠�(hu谩n)鐑风兇闁�(k膩i)鐠�(hu谩n)鑱氬悎鐔卞姏瀛�(xu茅)銆侀洔鐠�(hu谩n)闁�(k膩i)鐠�(hu谩n)鑱氬悎鐔卞姏瀛�(xu茅)鍜屽嫊(d貌ng)鍔涘(xu茅)鐗瑰緛銆佷笁
鍏冪挵(hu谩n)閱氱殑闄伴洟瀛愰枊(k膩i)鐠�(hu谩n)鑱氬悎銆佺挵(hu谩n)閱氱殑闄�(y谩ng)闆㈠瓙闁�(k膩i)鐠�(hu谩n)鑱氬悎銆佺景鍩哄寲鍚堢墿鍜屼笁姘у叚鐠�(hu谩n)鐨勯櫧(y谩ng)
闆㈠瓙闁�(k膩i)鐠�(hu谩n)鑱氬悎銆佸繁鍏�(n猫i)閰拌兒鐨勯櫚闆㈠瓙闁�(k膩i)鐠�(hu谩n)鑱氬悎銆�
鑰冭│瑕佹眰锛氭帉鎻¤兘澶犻€�(j矛n)琛岄枊(k膩i)鐠�(hu谩n)鑱氬悎鐨勫柈楂斿鐠�(hu谩n)姘т箼鐑枫€佸繁鍏�(n猫i)閰拌兒鍜屼笁姘у叚鐠�(hu谩n)
鍙婅仛鍚堟(j墨)鐞�銆備簡瑙ｄ竴浜涘父瑕�(ji脿n)闁�(k膩i)鐠�(hu谩n)鑱氬悎鐗╁鐨勫寲瀛�(xu茅)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屽師鏂欍€�
7.9锛夎仛鍚堢墿鐨勫寲瀛�(xu茅)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)
鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹癸細鑱氬悎鐗╁寲瀛�(xu茅)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勭壒寰�銆佽仛鍚堢墿鐨勫熀鍦�(tu谩n)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆佸弽鎳�(y墨ng)鍔熻兘楂樺垎瀛�銆�
鎺ユ灊鍏辫仛銆佸祵娈靛叡鑱氥€佹摯(ku貌)閺�銆佷氦鑱�(li谩n)銆侀檷瑙ｅ拰鑰佸寲銆�
鑰冭│瑕佹眰锛氭帉鎻¤仛鍚堢墿鍖栧(xu茅)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐗归粸(di菐n)锛岃仛鍚堢墿鍖栧(xu茅)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勬椿鎬у強鍏跺奖闊垮洜绱狅紝
鑱氬悎鐗╃殑鐩镐技杞�(zhu菐n)璁�銆佹帴鏋�銆佹摯(ku貌)閺堛€佷氦鑱�(li谩n)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆備簡瑙ｅ姛鑳介珮鍒嗗瓙锛岄珮鍒嗗瓙鐨勯檷瑙�銆�
鑰佸寲鍙婇槻鑰佸寲姗�(j墨)鐞嗙瓑銆�
绗簩閮ㄥ垎 銆婇珮鍒嗗瓙鐗╃悊銆�
8.1锛夌窉璜�
瀛�(xu茅)鐢熸帉鎻★細楂樺垎瀛愮墿鐞嗙爺绌剁殑灏�(du矛)璞″強鐮旂┒鐨勫収(n猫i)瀹�锛涘(xu茅)缈�(x铆)楂樺垎瀛愮墿鐞嗙殑鎰忕京鍜�
鏂规硶锛涢珮鍒嗗瓙鐨勮繎浠ｅ彶銆�
9.2锛夐珮鍒嗗瓙閺堢殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
閲嶉粸(di菐n)鎺屾彙锛氳仛鍚堢墿绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)灞ゆ锛涢珮鍒嗗瓙鐨勬(g貌u)鍨嬪強妲�(g貌u)鍨嬬殑椤炲瀷锛涢珮鍒嗗瓙澶у皬鐨勭壒
榛�(di菐n)鑸囪〃寰�锛涢珮鍒嗗瓙鐨勬(g貌u)璞″強灏�(du矛)楂樺垎瀛愭(g貌u)璞＄殑瑾�(r猫n)璀�(sh铆)锛涢珮鍒嗗瓙鐨勬煍闋嗘€у強褰遍熆鏌旈爢鎬�
鐨勫洜绱�锛涢珮鍒嗗瓙鐨勯張娈靛強閺堟鐨勭壒寰�锛涢珮鍒嗗瓙鐨勯潨鎱�(t脿i)鏌旈爢鎬ц垏鍕�(d貌ng)鎱�(t脿i)鏌旈爢鎬э紱楂樺垎
瀛愰張妲�(g貌u)璞¤〃寰佹柟娉�锛涜嚜鐢遍€ｆ帴閺堛€佽嚜鐢辨棆杞�(zhu菐n)閺�銆佸彈闃绘棆杞�(zhu菐n)閺�锛涚瓑鏁堣嚜鐢遍€ｆ帴閺堬紱
楂樺垎瀛愭煍闋嗘€х殑瀹氶噺琛ㄥ緛銆�
涓€鑸帉鎻★細楂樺垎瀛愮殑椤炲瀷锛涘柈閸靛収(n猫i)鏃嬭綁(zhu菐n)鑸囨(g貌u)璞�锛岄珮鍒嗗瓙妲�(g貌u)璞¤畩鍖栬垏楂樺垎瀛愭煍
闋嗘€�锛涘潎鏂规湯绔窛鐨勫咕浣曠畻娉曪紝鍧囨柟鏈璺濈殑绲�(t菕ng)瑷�(j矛)绠楁硶锛岄珮鍒嗗瓙杩戠▼绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐮旂┒鏂�
娉�銆�
10. 3锛夐珮鍒嗗瓙鐨勮仛闆嗘厠(t脿i)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
閲嶉粸(di菐n)鎺屾彙锛氶珮鍒嗗瓙鑱氶泦鎱�(t脿i)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勯鍨嬪強褰遍熆鍥犵礌锛涢珮鍒嗗瓙闁撲綔鐢ㄥ姏鐨勯鍨嬪強
鐗归粸(di菐n)锛屽収(n猫i)鑱氳兘瀵嗗害锛涜仛鍚堢墿鏅堕珨鐨勪富瑕佸舰鎱�(t脿i)鍜岀祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛岀祼(ji茅)鏅惰仛鍚堢墿绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勭壒寰�锛屾姌
鐤婇張妯″瀷锛屾彃绶氭澘妯″瀷锛涢潪绲�(ji茅)鏅惰仛鍚堢墿绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)妯″瀷锛涜兘鍛堢従(xi脿n)娑叉櫠鎱�(t脿i)鐨勮仛鍚堢墿绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗�
寰侊紝楂樺垎瀛愭恫鏅剁殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍙婇鍨�锛屾恫鏅舵€ц仛鍚堢墿婧舵恫鐨勬€ц兘锛涜仛鍚堢墿鍙栧悜鎱�(t脿i)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨�
鐗瑰緛锛涢珮鍒嗗瓙寰�(f霉)鍚堟潗鏂欑殑褰㈡厠(t脿i)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆�
涓€鑸帉鎻★細鏅堕珨绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勫熀鏈煡璀�(sh铆)锛岀祼(ji茅)鏅惰仛鍚堢墿鍏朵粬绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)妯″瀷锛涢珮鍒嗗瓙娑叉櫠鐨�
鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�锛涘彇鍚戠祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍠厓銆佸彇鍚戠殑鎰忕京銆佸彇鍚戝害鍙婃脯(c猫)瀹氭柟娉�銆�
锛�4锛夎仛鍚堢墿鐨勫垎瀛愰亱(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)銆佸姏瀛�(xu茅)鐙€鎱�(t脿i)鑸囪綁(zhu菐n)璁�
閲嶉粸(di菐n)鎺屾彙锛氳仛鍚堢墿鍒嗗瓙閬�(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)鐨勭壒榛�(di菐n)鍙婃檪(sh铆)-婧瓑鏁堟€э紱涓嶅悓椤炲瀷鑱氬悎鐗╁彲鑳藉憟
鐝�(xi脿n)鐨勫姏瀛�(xu茅)鐙€鎱�(t脿i)銆佸彲鑳界櫦(f膩)鐢熺殑杞�(zhu菐n)璁婂強褰㈣畩鐨勬€ц唱(zh矛)銆佸垎瀛愰亱(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)姗�(j墨)鐞�锛涚幓鐠冨寲杞�(zhu菐n)璁婃韩搴�
鐨勭壒寰併€佹剰缇╁強娓�(c猫)瀹氭柟娉�锛岀幓鐠冨寲杞�(zhu菐n)璁婄殑鑷敱楂旂⿳鐞嗚珫锛屽奖闊跨幓鐠冨寲杞�(zhu菐n)璁婃韩搴︾殑
鍥犵礌锛涜仛鍚堢墿鐨勭祼(ji茅)鏅惰兘鍔�锛屽奖闊跨祼(ji茅)鏅堕€熷害鐨勫洜绱�锛涜仛鍚堢墿绲�(ji茅)鏅剁啍铻嶇殑鐗瑰緛銆佺啍榛�(di菐n)锛�
褰遍熆绲�(ji茅)鏅惰仛鍚堢墿鐔旈粸(di菐n)鐨勫洜绱�銆�
涓€鑸帉鎻★細鑱氬悎鐗╃幓鐠冨寲杞�(zhu菐n)璁婄殑鐔卞姏瀛�(xu茅)鐞嗚珫銆佸嫊(d貌ng)鍔涘(xu茅)鐞嗚珫锛涜仛鍚堢墿绲�(ji茅)鏅堕亷(gu貌)绋�銆�
绲�(ji茅)鏅堕€熷害鍙婃脯(c猫)瀹氭柟娉�锛岀祼(ji茅)鏅跺害鑸囪仛鍚堢墿鎬ц兘鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯�銆�
锛�5锛夎仛鍚堢墿鐨勫姏瀛�(xu茅)鎬ц兘
閲嶉粸(di菐n)鎺屾彙锛氱幓鐠冩厠(t脿i)銆佺祼(ji茅)鏅舵厠(t脿i)鑱氬悎鐗╂媺浼告噳(y墨ng)鍔涒€旀噳(y墨ng)璁婃洸绶氬悇鍗€(q奴)娈电殑鐗╃悊鎰忕京锛�
鐜荤拑鎱�(t脿i)銆佺祼(ji茅)鏅舵厠(t脿i)寮�(qi谩ng)杩珮褰堟€ц畩鐨勭暟鍚岄粸(di菐n)锛涘眻鏈嶇殑褰㈣畩姗�(j墨)鐞�銆佸奖闊垮洜绱狅紙鏅�(sh铆)鈥旀韩绛�
鏁堟€э級锛涢珮褰堟€х殑鐗归粸(di菐n)锛岄珮褰堝舰璁婄殑鍒嗗瓙閬�(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)姗�(j墨)鐞�锛岄珮褰堟€х啽鍔涘(xu茅)鐞嗚珫鐨勬剰缇�锛�
鐙€鎱�(t脿i)鏂圭▼鐨勬剰缇╋紱鑱氬悎鐗╃啍楂�銆佹績婧舵恫鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛锛岃仛鍚堢墿鐔旈珨銆佹績婧舵恫鐨勫壀鍒�
娴佽畩琛岀偤锛屽奖闊胯仛鍚堢墿鐔旈珨绮樺害鐨勫洜绱狅紝鑱氬悎鐗╃啍楂斿綀鎬ф晥鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勮〃鐝�(xi脿n)鍙婂奖闊垮洜绱�锛�
鍕�(d貌ng)鎱�(t脿i)鍔涘(xu茅)娉曠爺绌惰仛鍚堢墿澶氶噸杞�(zhu菐n)璁婄殑鍘熺悊锛岀爺绌剁矘褰堟€х殑骞剧ó鍔涘(xu茅)妯″瀷鐨勭壒榛�(di菐n)锛�
Boltzmann 鍘熺悊锛涜仛鍚堢墿鍔涘(xu茅)鏉惧紱鐨勬檪(sh铆)锛嶆韩绛夋晥鍘熺悊鍙婃檪(sh铆)鈥旀韩杞�(zhu菐n)鎻�锛涜仛鍚堢墿鍔涘(xu茅)
寮�(qi谩ng)搴︾殑涓昏鎸囨(bi膩o)锛屽奖闊胯仛鍚堢墿鏂疯鏂瑰紡銆佸姏瀛�(xu茅)鎬ц兘鐨勫洜绱�锛屾柗瑁傜殑瑁傜斧鐞嗚珫銆佸垎
瀛愮悊璜栫殑鍏�(n猫i)瀹癸紱濡備綍鎻愰珮楂樺垎瀛愭潗鏂欑殑闈滃姏瀛�(xu茅)寮�(qi谩ng)搴�銆侀煂鎬�銆�
涓€鑸帉鎻★細鍔涘(xu茅)鎬ц兘鐨勪竴浜涘熀鏈噺鍙婃脯(c猫)瀹氭柟娉�锛汼BS 鍦ㄥ父婧笅鐨勫姏瀛�(xu茅)鐙€鎱�(t脿i)銆�
鎷変几鎳�(y墨ng)鍔涒€旀噳(y墨ng)璁婅鐐猴紱鍠桓鎷変几鎳�(y墨ng)鍔涘垎鏋�锛涚湡鎳�(y墨ng)鍔涒€旀噳(y墨ng)璁婃洸绶氾紱褰遍熆楂樺綀鎬х殑鍥�
绱�锛涙媺浼告祦鍕�(d貌ng)銆�
13. 6锛夎仛鍚堢墿婧舵恫鐨勬€ц唱(zh矛)
閲嶉粸(di菐n)鎺屾彙锛氳仛鍚堢墿婧惰В閬�(gu貌)绋�锛涙憾鍔戠殑閬告搰锛涙煍鎬ч張鑱氬悎鐗╃█婧舵恫 Flory-Huggins
鏅舵牸妯″瀷鐞嗚珫锛堝钩鍧囧牬(ch菐ng)鐞嗚珫锛夊強鐔卞姏瀛�(xu茅)鍙冩暩(sh霉)鎺ㄥ皫(d菐o)鐨勬€濊矾锛涜仛鍚堢墿婧舵恫鐨勭浉鍒嗛洟锛堝垎
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