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鍙嬫儏鎻愮ず锛氭湰绔欐彁渚涘叏鍦�400澶氭墍楂樼瓑闄㈡牎鎷涙敹纰╁＋銆佸崥澹爺绌剁敓鍏ュ鑰冭│姝峰勾鑰冪爺鐪熼銆佽€冨崥鐪熼銆佺瓟妗�锛岄儴鍒嗗鏍℃洿鏂拌嚦2012骞�锛�2013骞�锛涘潎鎻愪緵鏀惰不涓嬭級銆� 涓嬭級娴佺▼锛� 鑰冪爺鐪熼 榛炴搳鈥�鑰冪爺瑭﹀嵎鈥濃€濅笅杓�; 鑰冨崥鐪熼 榛炴搳鈥�鑰冨崥瑭﹀嵎搴�鈥� 涓嬭級
涓湅鍦拌唱(zh矛)澶у锛堟婕級鐮旂┒鐢�
鐢熺墿鍖栧鑰冭│澶х侗
涓€銆佽€冭│鍩烘湰瑕佹眰鍙婇仼鐢ㄨ寖鍦嶆杩�
鏈€婄敓鐗╁寲瀛搞€嬭€冭│澶х侗閬╃敤浜庝腑鍦嬪湴璩�(zh矛)澶у锛堟婕級鐢熺墿瀛稿皥妤�(y猫)鐨勭ⅸ澹爺
绌剁敓鍏ュ鑰冭│銆傜敓鐗╁寲瀛告槸鐢熺墿瀛哥殑閲嶈绲勬垚閮ㄥ垎锛屾槸鍕曠墿瀛�銆佹鐗╁銆侀伜鍌冲銆�
鐢熺悊瀛�銆侀啱(y墨)瀛搞€佽静(n贸ng)瀛�銆佽棩瀛稿強椋熷搧绛夊绉戠殑鍩虹鐞嗚珫瑾茬▼锛屼富瑕佸収(n猫i)瀹癸細鎺㈣◣鐢熺墿
楂旂殑鐗╄唱(zh矛)绲勬垚浠ュ強鍒嗗瓙绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佹€ц唱(zh矛)鑸囧姛鑳�锛岀墿璩�(zh矛)浠ｈ瑵鐨勮(gu墨)寰嬨€佽兘閲忚綁(zhu菐n)鍖栧強鍏惰(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)
鎺у埗绛�銆傝姹傝€冪敓绯荤当(t菕ng)鍦扮悊瑙ｅ拰鎺屾彙鐢熺墿鍖栧鐨勫熀鏈蹇靛拰鍩烘湰鐞嗚珫锛屾帉鎻″悇椤�
鐢熺墿鍖栧澶у垎瀛愮殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佹€ц唱(zh矛)鍜屽姛鑳藉強鍏跺悎鎴愪唬璎濆拰鍒嗚В浠ｈ瑵鐨勫熀鏈€斿緫鍙婅(di脿o)鎺�
鏂规硶锛岀悊瑙ｅ熀鍥犲伐绋嬬殑鍩烘湰鐞嗚珫锛屾帉鎻＄敓鐗╁寲瀛哥殑姒傚康銆佷簡瑙ｇ敓鐗╁寲瀛哥殑鏈€鏂伴€�
灞曞強鍏剁櫦(f膩)灞曞墠鏅紝鑳界稖鍚堥亱鐢ㄦ墍瀛哥殑鐭ヨ瓨鍒嗘瀽鍟忛鍜岃В姹哄晱椤�銆�
浜�銆佽€冭│褰㈠紡
纰╁＋鐮旂┒鐢熷叆瀛哥敓鐗╁寲瀛歌€冭│鐐洪枆鍗�锛岀瓎瑭�锛岃€冭│鏅傞枔鐐� 180 鍒嗛悩锛屾湰瑭﹀嵎
婊垮垎鐐� 150 鍒�銆傝│鍗风祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛堥鍨嬶級锛氬悕瑭炶В閲�銆佸晱绛旈銆佽珫杩伴銆�
涓�銆佽€冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
1. 铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)
铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鐨勫寲瀛哥祫鎴�锛�20 绋皑鍩洪吀涓枃鍚�銆佷笁瀛楃鑸囧柈瀛楃
姘ㄥ熀閰哥殑鐞嗗寲鎬ц唱(zh矛)鍙婂寲瀛稿弽鎳�
鑲姐€佽偨閸�銆佹椿鎬у鑲�
铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鐨勫垎椤�銆佸姛鑳藉妯ｆ€�
铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)涓€绱氱祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)娓畾
铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)浜岀礆绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佽秴浜岀礆绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佺祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍩熺殑姒傚康鍙婂叾椤炲瀷
铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)涓夌礆绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佷簽鍩�銆佸洓绱氱祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勬蹇靛強鍏剁浉闂�(gu膩n)鎳夌敤瀵︿緥
铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鐨勭悊鍖栨€ц唱(zh矛)鍙婂垎闆㈢磾鍖栧拰绱斿害閼掑畾鐨勬柟娉�
铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鐨勮畩鎬т綔鐢�
铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鑸囧姛鑳界殑闂�(gu膩n)绯�
2. 閰�
閰剁殑姒傚康
閰惰垏涓€鑸偓鍖栧姂鐨勬瘮杓�
閰剁殑鍖栧鏈唱(zh矛)鑸囧寲瀛哥祫鎴�
閰剁殑鍛藉悕鑸囧垎椤�
閰剁殑灏堜竴鎬�
閰剁殑鎻愮磾鑸囨椿鍔涢憭瀹氱殑鍩烘湰鏂规硶
浜嗚В鎶楅珨閰�銆佹牳閰跺拰鍥哄畾鍖栭叾鐨勫熀鏈蹇靛拰鎳夌敤
褰遍熆閰朵績鍙嶆噳鐨勫洜绱�
閰剁殑浣滅敤姗熷埗鍜岄叾鐨勮(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)
鍚屽伐閰躲€佽獦灏庨叾
缍敓绱犺垏杓旈叾
3. 鏍搁吀
鏍搁吀鐨勫熀鏈寲瀛哥祫鎴愬強鍒嗛
鏍歌嫹閰哥殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
DNA 鍜� RNA 涓€绱氱祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佷簩绱氱祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜� DNA 鐨勪笁绱氱祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
RNA 鐨勫垎椤炲強鍚勯 RNA 鐨勭敓鐗╁鍔熻兘
鏍搁吀鐨勪富瑕佺悊鍖栫壒鎬�
鏍搁吀鐨勭爺绌舵柟娉�
PCR 鐨勬蹇�銆侀珨绯�銆佸師鐞嗗強鎳夌敤
Southern 鍗拌贰銆丯orthern 鍗拌贰銆乄estern 鍗拌贰鐨勬蹇靛強鍏跺師鐞�
浜洪鍩哄洜绲勮▓鍔�
4. 鐢熺墿鑶�
鐢熺墿鑶滅殑姒傚康
鐢熺墿鑶滅殑绲勬垚鍜屾€ц唱(zh矛)
鐢熺墿鑶滅殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜岀壒榛�
鈥滄祦楂旈懖宓屾ā鍨嬧€濈殑瑕侀粸
鐢熺墿鑶滅殑鍔熻兘
5. 鐢熺墿姘у寲
鐢熺墿姘у寲鐨勬蹇�
鐢熺墿姘у寲鐨勭壒榛�
姘у寲鍛煎惛閺堢殑姒傚康銆佺祫鎴愯垏鍛煎惛閺堜腑鍌抽仦楂旂殑鎺掑垪闋嗗簭
闆诲瓙鍌抽仦閬庣▼鑸� ATP 鐨勭敓鎴�
姘у寲纾烽吀鍖栫殑姒傚康銆佹哀鍖栬垏纾烽吀鍖栧伓鑱�(li谩n)姗熷埗
鍒嗗瓙婊查€忓瑾殑瑕侀粸
6. 绯栭浠ｈ瑵
绯栫殑浠ｈ瑵閫斿緫鍜屾湁闂�(gu膩n)鐨勯叾
绯栭叺瑙ｃ€佷笁缇ч吀寰挵(hu谩n)銆佺７閰告垔绯栭€斿緫鐨勬蹇靛強鍏跺弽鎳夐亷绋�
绯栭叺瑙ｃ€佷笁缇ч吀寰挵(hu谩n)銆佺７閰告垔绯栭€斿緫鐨勮(di脿o)鎺у強鍏剁敓鐗╁鎰忕京
绯栫殑鐒℃哀鍒嗚В銆佹湁姘ф哀鍖栫殑姒傚康銆侀儴浣嶅拰閬庣▼
绯栫暟鐢熶綔鐢ㄧ殑姒傚康銆佸牬鎵€銆佸師鏂欏強涓昏閫斿緫
绯栧師鐨勫悎鎴愯垏鍒嗚В
鍏夊悎浣滅敤鐨勬娉�
7. 鑴傞鐨勪唬璎�
鑴傝偑鍕曞摗鐨勬蹇�銆侀檺閫熼叾锛涚敇娌逛唬璎�
鑴傝偑閰哥殑尾 -姘у寲閬庣▼鍙婂叾鑳介噺鐨勮▓绠�
鑴傝偑閰肝� -姘у寲銆佅� -姘у寲鐨勬蹇�
閰珨鐨勭敓鎴愬拰鍒╃敤
鑶藉浐閱囧悎鎴愮殑閮ㄤ綅銆佸師鏂欏強鑶藉浐閱囩殑杞�(zhu菐n)鍖栧強鎺掓硠
琛€鑴傚強琛€婕胯剛铔嬬櫧
鑴傝偑閰哥殑寰為牠鍚堟垚閫斿緫
绯栭鑸囪剛鑲箣闁撶殑鐩镐簰杞�(zhu菐n)鍖�
8. 铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鐨勯叾淇冮檷瑙ｅ拰姘ㄥ熀閰镐唬璎�
铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鐨勬秷鍖栧惛鏀惰垏閰朵績闄嶈В
姘ㄥ熀閰哥殑鍒嗚В浠ｈ瑵
鑴皑鍩轰綔鐢�銆佽劔缇у熀浣滅敤銆佺⒊楠ㄦ灦浠ｈ瑵
杞�(zhu菐n)姘ㄥ熀浣滅敤銆佹哀鍖栬劔姘ㄥ熀浣滅敤銆佽伅(li谩n)鍚堣劔姘ㄥ熀浣滅敤
琛€姘ㄧ殑渚嗘簮鑸囧幓璺�
灏跨礌鐨勭敓鎴愩€佸翱绱犲惊鐠�(hu谩n)鐨勯亷绋嬭垏鐢熺墿瀛告剰缇�
姘ㄥ熀閰哥殑鍚堟垚閫斿緫
9. 鏍歌嫹閰哥殑浠ｈ瑵
鏍搁吀銆佹牳鑻烽吀鐨勫垎瑙�
鍢屽懁銆佸槯鍟舵牳鑻烽吀鐨勫垎瑙ｄ唬璎�
鍢у暥銆佸槍鍛ゆ牳鑻烽吀寰為牠鍚堟垚閫斿緫銆佽鏁戝悎鎴愰€斿緫
鐥涢ⅷ褰㈡垚鐨勫師鍥犲強鍏舵不鐧傚師鐞�
鍢屽懁銆佸槯鍟剁殑鎶椾唬璎濈墿
10. 鏍搁吀鐢熺墿鍚堟垚
涓績娉曞墖鐨勬蹇点€佷腑蹇冩硶鍓囩殑涓昏鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
DNA 鍗婁繚鐣欏京鍒躲€佸崐涓嶉€ｇ簩(x霉)寰╁埗銆佸墠灏庨張銆佹化鍚庨張銆佸病宕庣墖娈�
DNA 鍗婁繚鐣欏京鍒剁殑瀵﹂璀夋槑
鍙冭垏 DNA 寰╁埗鐨勯叾椤炶垏铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鍥犲瓙鐨勭ó椤炲拰浣滅敤
DNA 寰╁埗鐨勫熀鏈亷绋嬪強鍏剁壒榛�
鐪熸牳鐢熺墿鑸囧師鏍哥敓鐗� DNA 寰╁埗鐨勬瘮杓�
寮曡捣 DNA 鎼嶅偡鐨勫洜绱�銆丏NA 鎼嶅偡淇京鐨勯鍨嬪強鍏朵慨寰╃殑姗熺悊
杞�(zhu菐n)閷勭殑姒傚康銆佷竴鑸(gu墨)寰�銆佸弮鑸囪綁(zhu菐n)閷勭殑閰跺強鏈夐棞(gu膩n)鍥犲瓙
RNA 鑱氬悎閰剁殑浣滅敤姗熺悊
鍘熸牳鐢熺墿鑸囩湡鏍哥敓鐗╃殑杞�(zhu菐n)閷勯亷绋�
RNA 杞�(zhu菐n)閷勫悗鍔犲伐閬庣▼鍙婂叾鎰忕京
mRNA銆乼RNA銆� rRNA 鍜岄潪绶ㄧ⒓ RNA 鐨勫悗鍔犲伐
DNA 寰╁埗鑸� RNA 杞�(zhu菐n)閷勭殑鍗€(q奴)鍒�
閫嗚綁(zhu菐n)閷�銆侀€嗚綁(zhu菐n)閷勯叾鐨勬蹇�
閫嗚綁(zhu菐n)閷勭殑閬庣▼鍙婂叾鐮旂┒鎰忕京
鎺屾彙閫嗚綁(zhu菐n)閷勭梾姣掕級楂旂殑鎳夌敤
11. 铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鐢熺墿鍚堟垚
mRNA 鍦ㄨ泲鐧借唱(zh矛)鐢熺墿鍚堟垚涓殑浣滅敤
tRNA銆乺RNA 鍦ㄨ泲鐧借唱(zh矛)鐢熺墿鍚堟垚涓殑浣滅敤
閬哄偝瀵嗙⒓鐨勬蹇佃垏鐗归粸
铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鐨勭敓鐗╁悎鎴愰珨绯荤殑绲勬垚
铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鐢熺墿鍚堟垚鐨勯亷绋�
缈昏鍚庣殑鍔犲伐閬庣▼
鐪熸牳鐢熺墿鑸囧師鏍哥敓鐗╄泲鐧借唱(zh矛)鍚堟垚鐨勫崁(q奴)鍒�
鍒嗗瓙浼翠径銆佷俊铏熻偨鐨勬蹇靛強鍏朵綔鐢ㄦ鍒�
铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鐢熺墿鍚堟垚鐨勫共鎿惧拰鎶戝埗
12锛庡熀鍥犲伐绋�
鍩哄洜宸ョ▼鐨勭啊浠�
DNA 鍏嬮殕鐨勫熀鏈師鐞�
鍩哄洜宸ョ▼鎿嶄綔鐨勫熀鏈椹�
鍩哄洜宸ョ▼杓夐珨鐨勫熀鏈姹�
鍩哄洜鐨勫垎闆�銆佸悎鎴愬拰娓簭
鍩哄洜鏂囧韩銆乧DNA 鏂囧韩鐨勬蹇靛強鍏舵(g貌u)寤哄師鐞�
鍥�銆佽€冭│瑕佹眰
纰╁＋鐮旂┒鐢熷叆瀛歌€冭│绉戠洰銆婄敓鐗╁寲瀛搞€嬬偤闁夊嵎锛岀瓎瑭︼紝鑰冭│鏅傞枔鐐� 180 鍒嗛悩锛�
鏈│鍗锋豢鍒嗙偤 150 鍒嗐€傝│鍗峰嫏蹇呮浉瀵竻鏅版暣娼�銆佺铏熷拰瑗挎枃瀛楁瘝閬嬬敤寰楃暥銆傜瓟妗�
蹇呴爤瀵湪绛旈绱欎笂锛屽鍦ㄨ│椤岀礄涓婄劇鏁�銆�
浜�銆佷富瑕佸弮鑰冩暀鏉�
銆婄敓鐗╁寲瀛搞€嬶紙绗笁鐗堬級锛屼笂銆佷笅鍐� 鐜嬮彙宸栫瓑绶ㄨ憲锛岄珮绛夋暀鑲插嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2002
銆婂熀鍥犲伐绋嬨€�锛屾〒澹灄绛夌法钁�锛岀瀛稿嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2002
鍏嶈铂鑱叉槑锛氭湰鏂囩郴杞�(zhu菐n)杓夎嚜缍�(w菐ng)绲�锛屽鏈変镜鐘�锛岃珛鑱�(li谩n)绯绘垜鍊戠珛鍗冲埅闄わ紝鍙︼細鏈枃鍍呬唬琛ㄤ綔鑰呭€嬩汉瑙€榛烇紝鑸囨湰缍�(w菐ng)绔欑劇闂�(gu膩n)銆傚叾鍘熷壍(chu脿ng)鎬т互鍙婃枃涓櫝杩版枃瀛楀拰鍏�(n猫i)瀹规湭缍�(j墨ng)鏈珯璀夊锛屽皪鏈枃浠ュ強鍏朵腑鍏ㄩ儴鎴栬€呴儴鍒嗗収(n猫i)瀹�銆佹枃瀛楃殑鐪熷鎬с€佸畬鏁存€�銆佸強鏅傛€ф湰绔欎笉浣滀换浣曚繚璀夋垨鎵胯锛岃珛璁€鑰呭儏浣滃弮鑰冿紝骞惰珛鑷鏍稿鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鍏�(n猫i)瀹广€�
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鏂囩珷鎼滅储
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