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鍙嬫儏鎻愮ず锛氭湰绔欐彁渚涘叏鍦�400澶氭墍楂樼瓑闄㈡牎鎷涙敹纰╁＋銆佸崥澹爺绌剁敓鍏ュ(xu茅)鑰冭│姝峰勾鑰冪爺鐪熼銆佽€冨崥鐪熼銆佺瓟妗堬紝閮ㄥ垎瀛�(xu茅)鏍℃洿鏂拌嚦2012骞�锛�2013骞�锛涘潎鎻愪緵鏀惰不(f猫i)涓嬭級銆� 涓嬭級娴佺▼锛� 鑰冪爺鐪熼 榛�(di菐n)鎿娾€�鑰冪爺瑭﹀嵎鈥濃€濅笅杓�; 鑰冨崥鐪熼 榛�(di菐n)鎿娾€�鑰冨崥瑭﹀嵎搴�鈥� 涓嬭級
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锛堜竴锛夎€冭│澶х侗
1銆佺窉璜�
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2銆佺窔鎬ц〃
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锛�2锛夌窔鎬ц〃鐨勫(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)鍙婃噳(y墨ng)鐢�锛屽寘鎷爢搴忓瓨鍎�(ch菙)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆侀張?zh菙n)閰遍幆?ch菙)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)(鍠張琛ㄣ€佸惊鐠�(hu谩n)閺堣〃鍜岄洐鍚戦張
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3銆佸爢妫ц垏闅�(du矛)鍒�
锛�1锛夊爢妫ц垏闅�(du矛)鍒楃殑鍩烘湰姒傚康銆佸熀鏈搷浣溿€�
锛�2锛夊爢妫ц垏闅�(du矛)鍒楃殑闋嗗簭瀛樺劜(ch菙)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆侀張?zh菙n)閰遍幆?ch菙)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勬(g貌u)閫犲師鐞�銆�
锛�3锛夊湪涓嶅悓瀛樺劜(ch菙)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勫熀绀�(ch菙)涓婂皪鍫嗘＇銆侀殜(du矛)鍒楀(sh铆)鏂藉熀鏈搷浣滐紙鎻掑叆鑸囧埅闄ょ瓑锛夊皪鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勭畻娉曡ō(sh猫)
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4銆佹暩(sh霉)绲勫拰寤ｇ京琛�
锛�1锛夋暩(sh霉)绲勭殑姒傚康銆佸缍暩(sh霉)绲勭殑瀵�(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)銆�
锛�2锛夊皪绋辩煩闄ｅ拰绋€鐤忕煩闄ｇ殑澹撶府瀛樺劜(ch菙)銆�
锛�3锛夊唬缇╄〃鐨勫熀鏈蹇点€�
5銆佹ü鑸囦簩鍙夋ü
锛�1锛夋ü鐨勬蹇靛拰鎬ц唱(zh矛)銆�
锛�2锛変簩鍙夋ü鐨勬蹇点€佹€ц唱(zh矛)鍜屽(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)銆�
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6銆佸湒
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锛�3锛夊湒鐨勯亶姝锋搷浣�锛屽寘鎷繁搴﹀劒(y艒u)鍏堟悳绱€€佸唬搴﹀劒(y艒u)鍏堟悳绱�銆�
锛�4锛夋渶灏忕敓鎴愭ü锛屾渶鐭矾寰�锛岄棞(gu膩n)閸佃矾寰戙€佹嫇?f霉)娓戝垽铔╂兇菛鑴戭劰鐮糲瀵�(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)銆�
7銆佹枃浠跺強鏌ユ壘
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锛�2锛夐爢搴忔煡鎵炬硶銆佸垎濉婃煡鎵炬硶銆佹姌鍗婃煡鎵炬柟娉曠殑鍘熺悊鑸囧(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)銆�
锛�3锛塀 妯瑰強鍏跺熀鏈搷浣�銆丅+妯圭殑鍩烘湰姒傚康銆�
锛�4锛夋暎鍒�(Hash)琛�銆�
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8銆佹帓搴�
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姝稿苟鎺掑簭銆佸熀鏁�(sh霉)鎺掑簭銆佸閮ㄦ帓搴忕畻娉曠殑鍘熺悊銆佸京(f霉)闆滃害銆�
锛�3锛夋帓搴忕畻娉曠殑鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�銆�
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绌洪枔寰�(f霉)闆滃害鐨勫垎鏋�銆�
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瀵�(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)绠楁硶鐨勮兘鍔�銆�
锛堜笁锛変富瑕佸弮鑰冩浉鐩�
1銆佹暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛圕 瑾炶█鐗堬級. 鍤�(y谩n)钄氭晱锛屽惓鍋夋皯 绶ㄨ憲锛屽寳浜細娓呰彲澶у(xu茅)鍑虹増绀撅紝2007 骞�銆�
浜�銆佽▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)绲勬垚鍘熺悊
锛堜竴锛夎€冭│澶х侗
1銆佽▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)绯荤当(t菕ng)姒傝珫
锛�1锛夎▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)鐧�(f膩)灞曟鍙�
锛�2锛夎▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)绯荤当(t菕ng)灞ゆ绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
瑷�(j矛)绠楁(j墨)绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勫熀鏈祫鎴�锛岃▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)纭欢鐨勫熀鏈祫鎴�锛岃▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)杌熶欢鍜岀‖浠剁殑闂�(gu膩n)绯�锛岃▓(j矛)绠�
姗�(j墨)鐨勫伐浣滈亷绋�
锛�3锛夎▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)鎬ц兘鎸囨(bi膩o)
2銆佹暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勮〃绀哄拰閬�(y霉n)绠�
(1) 鏁�(sh霉)鍒惰垏绶ㄧ⒓
閫�(j矛n)浣嶈▓(j矛)鏁�(sh霉)鍒跺強鍏剁浉浜掕綁(zhu菐n)鎻�锛岀湡鍊煎拰姗�(j墨)鍣ㄦ暩(sh霉)锛孊CD 纰�锛屽瓧绗﹁垏瀛楃涓�锛屾牎椹�(y脿n)纰�
(2) 瀹氶粸(di菐n)鏁�(sh霉)鐨勮〃绀哄拰閬�(y霉n)绠�
瀹氶粸(di菐n)鏁�(sh霉)鐨勮〃绀�锛屽畾榛�(di菐n)鏁�(sh霉)鐨勯亱(y霉n)绠楋紙瀹氶粸(di菐n)鏁�(sh霉)鐨勪綅绉婚亱(y霉n)绠�锛屽師纰煎畾榛�(di菐n)鏁�(sh霉)鐨勫姞娓涢亱(y霉n)绠楋紝瑁�(b菙)纰煎畾
榛�(di菐n)鏁�(sh霉)鐨勫姞/娓涢亱(y霉n)绠�锛屽畾榛�(di菐n)鏁�(sh霉)鐨勪箻闄ら亱(y霉n)绠楋紝瀹氶粸(di菐n)鏁�(sh霉)閬�(y霉n)绠楀櫒绲勬垚锛�
(3) 娴粸(di菐n)鏁�(sh霉)鐨勮〃绀哄拰閬�(y霉n)绠�
娴粸(di菐n)鏁�(sh霉)鐨勮〃绀�锛孖EEE754 妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)锛屾诞榛�(di菐n)鏁�(sh霉)鐨勫姞/娓涢亱(y霉n)绠�锛屾诞榛�(di菐n)閬�(y霉n)绠楀櫒
(4) 绠楄(sh霉)閭忚集鍠厓 ALU
涓茶鍔犳硶鍣ㄥ拰骞惰鍔犳硶鍣�锛岀畻琛�(sh霉)閭忚集鍠厓 ALU 鐨勫姛鑳藉拰绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
3銆佸瓨鍎�(ch菙)鍣ㄧ郴绲�(t菕ng)
(1) 瀛樺劜(ch菙)鍣ㄦ杩�
(2) 瀛樺劜(ch菙)鍣ㄧ殑灞ゆ鍖栫祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
(3) 鍗婂皫(d菐o)楂旈毃姗�(j墨)瀛樺彇瀛樺劜(ch菙)鍣�
SRAM 瀛樺劜(ch菙)鍣紝DRAM 瀛樺劜(ch菙)鍣�锛屽彧璁€瀛樺劜(ch菙)鍣�锛� Flash 瀛樺劜(ch菙)鍣�
(4) 涓诲瓨鍎�(ch菙)鍣ㄨ垏 CPU 鐨勯€ｆ帴
(5) 闆欏彛 RAM 鍜屽妯″瀛樺劜(ch菙)鍣�
(6) 楂橀€熺珐娌栧瓨鍎�(ch菙)鍣�(Cache)
Cache 鐨勫熀鏈伐浣滃師鐞�锛孋ache 鍜屼富瀛樹箣闁撶殑鏄犲皠鏂瑰紡锛孋ache 涓富瀛樺鐨勬浛鎻涚畻娉曪紝
Cache 瀵瓥鐣�
(7) 铏涙摤瀛樺劜(ch菙)鍣�
铏涙摤瀛樺劜(ch菙)鍣ㄧ殑鍩烘湰姒傚康锛岄爜寮忚櫅鎿瓨鍎�(ch菙)鍣紝娈靛紡铏涙摤瀛樺劜(ch菙)鍣�锛屾闋佸紡铏涙摤瀛樺劜(ch菙)鍣�
4銆佹寚浠ょ郴绲�(t菕ng)
(1) 鎸囦护鏍煎紡
鎸囦护鐨勫熀鏈牸寮�锛屽畾闀锋搷浣滅⒓鎸囦护鏍煎紡锛屾摯(ku貌)灞曟搷浣滅⒓鎸囦护鏍煎紡
(2) 鎿嶄綔鏁�(sh霉)椤炲瀷
(3) 鎸囦护鐨勫皨鍧€鏂瑰紡
鏈夋晥鍦板潃鐨勬蹇碉紝鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)灏嬪潃鍜屾寚浠ゅ皨鍧€锛屽父瑕嬪皨鍧€鏂瑰紡
(4) CISC 鍜� RISC 鐨勫熀鏈蹇�
5銆佷腑澶檿鐞嗗櫒(CPU)
(1) CPU 鐨勫姛鑳藉拰绲勬垚
(2) 鎸囦护鍩�(zh铆)琛岄亷绋�
(3) 鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)閫氳矾鐨勫姛鑳藉拰鍩烘湰绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
(4) 鎺у埗鍣ㄧ殑鍔熻兘鍜屽伐浣滃師鐞�
纭竷绶氭帶鍒跺櫒锛屽井绋嬪簭鎺у埗鍣�
(5) 鎸囦护娴佹按绶�
鎸囦护娴佹按绶氱殑鍩烘湰姒傚康锛屾寚浠ゆ祦姘寸窔鐨勫熀鏈(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)锛岃秴妯�(bi膩o)閲忓拰鍕�(d貌ng)鎱�(t脿i)娴佹按绶氱殑鍩烘湰姒傚康
(6) RISC CPU
6銆佺附绶氱郴绲�(t菕ng)
(1) 绺界窔姒傝堪
绺界窔鐨勫熀鏈蹇碉紝绺界窔绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)褰㈡厠(t脿i)锛岀附绶氱殑绲勬垚鍙婃€ц兘鎸囨(bi膩o)
(2) 绺界窔浠茶
闆嗕腑浠茶鏂瑰紡锛屽垎甯冧徊瑁佹柟寮�
(3) 绺界窔鎿嶄綔鍜屽畾鏅�(sh铆)
鍚屾瀹氭檪(sh铆)鏂瑰紡锛岀暟姝ュ畾鏅�(sh铆)鏂瑰紡
(4) 绺界窔妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)
7銆佽几鍏ヨ几鍑�(I/O)绯荤当(t菕ng)
(1) I/O 绯荤当(t菕ng)鍩烘湰姒傚康
(2) 澶栭儴瑷�(sh猫)鍌�
杓稿叆瑷�(sh猫)鍌欙細閸电洡銆侀紶妯�(bi膩o)锛岃几鍑鸿ō(sh猫)鍌欙細椤ず鍣�銆佹墦鍗版(j墨)锛屽瀛樺劜(ch菙)鍣細纭洡瀛樺劜(ch菙)鍣�銆佺鐩�
闄ｅ垪銆佸厜鐩ゅ瓨鍎�(ch菙)鍣�
(3) I/O 鎺ュ彛(I/O 鎺у埗鍣�)
I/O 鎺ュ彛鐨勫姛鑳藉拰鍩烘湰绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛� I/O 绔彛鍙婂叾绶ㄥ潃
(4) I/O 鏂瑰紡
绋嬪簭鏌ヨ鏂瑰紡锛岀▼搴忎腑鏂锋柟寮�锛孌MA 鏂瑰紡锛岄€氶亾鏂瑰紡
锛堜簩锛夎€冭│瑕佹眰
1銆� 鎺屾彙瑷�(j矛)绠楁(j墨)鐨勫堡娆＄祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍙婅粺纭欢绲勬垚绛夋蹇�銆�
2銆� 鎺屾彙瑷�(j矛)绠楁(j墨)涓暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勬牸寮�銆佹(j墨)鍣ㄦ暩(sh霉)鐨勮〃绀烘柟娉曞拰鐗归粸(di菐n)锛岀啛绶存帉鎻″畾榛�(di菐n)鍔犳笡鐨勯亱(y霉n)绠楁柟娉�
鍜岀壒榛�(di菐n)锛屾帉鎻℃诞榛�(di菐n)閬�(y霉n)绠楁柟娉曞拰鐗归粸(di菐n)銆�
3銆� 鎺屾彙瀛樺劜(ch菙)绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勫垎椤�銆佸垎绱氱祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鑸囦富瀛樺劜(ch菙)鍣ㄧ殑鎶€琛�(sh霉)鎸囨(bi膩o)锛屼簡瑙� SRAM銆丏RAM銆丒PROM銆侀杻
閫熷瓨鍎�(ch菙)鍣�銆佺浉鑱�(li谩n)瀛樺劜(ch菙)鍣ㄧ殑宸ヤ綔鍘熺悊锛屾帉鎻� Cache 瀛樺劜(ch菙)鍣�銆佽櫅鎿瓨鍎�(ch菙)鍣ㄧ殑鍔熻兘鍜屽熀鏈伐
浣滃師鐞嗐€�
4銆� 鐔熺反鎺屾彙鎸囦护鏍煎紡銆佹寚浠ゅ拰鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勫皨鍧€鏂瑰紡锛岀悊瑙� RISC 鍜� CISC 鐨勭壒榛�(di菐n)銆�
5銆� 鎺屾彙 CPU 鐨勫姛鑳�銆佸熀鏈祫鎴愬拰鍚勫€�(g猫)閮ㄥ垎鐨勫伐浣滄祦绋�锛屼簡瑙ｅ井绋嬪簭鎺у埗鍣ㄧ殑鍩烘湰宸ヤ綔鍘�
鐞�锛屼簡瑙ｅ井绋嬪簭鎺у埗鎶€琛�(sh霉)鍜岀‖甯冪窔鎺у埗鎶€琛�(sh霉)锛屼簡瑙ｆ祦姘� CPU 鐨勫伐浣滃師鐞嗗強鐗归粸(di菐n)銆�
6銆� 鎺屾彙绺界窔绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勫熀鏈蹇靛拰鍩烘湰鎶€琛�(sh霉)浠ュ強绺界窔浠茶鏂瑰紡鐨勫熀鏈伐浣滃師鐞嗗拰鐗归粸(di菐n)锛屼簡瑙�
PCI 绺界窔鐨勭壒榛�(di菐n)銆�
7銆� 浜嗚В I/O 绯荤当(t菕ng)鍩烘湰姒傚康銆両/O 鎺ュ彛鐨勫伐浣滃師鐞嗗拰鐗归粸(di菐n)锛岀悊瑙ｇ▼搴忔煡瑭㈡柟寮忋€佺▼搴忎腑鏂锋柟
寮忓拰 DMA 鏂瑰紡宸ヤ綔鍘熺悊銆�
锛堜笁锛変富瑕佸弮鑰冩浉鐩�
1銆佽▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)绲勬垚鍘熺悊锛堢浜旂増锛�.鐧戒腑鑻�锛屾埓蹇楁郡绶ㄨ憲;绉戝(xu茅)鍑虹増绀�锛�2013 骞�銆�
鍏�銆佹搷浣滅郴绲�(t菕ng)
锛堜竴锛夎€冭│澶х侗
1銆佹搷浣滅郴绲�(t菕ng)姒傝堪
锛�1锛夎▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)鍩烘湰妲�(g貌u)鎴愩€佽檿鐞嗗櫒鐨勫収(n猫i)閮ㄧ祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆侀珮閫熺珐娌栧瓨鍎�(ch菙)鍣� CACHE
锛�2锛夋搷浣滅郴绲�(t菕ng)鐨勬蹇�銆佹紨璁婃绋�銆佺壒鎬�銆佸垎椤炪€侀亱(y霉n)琛岀挵(hu谩n)澧�銆佸姛鑳�
锛�3锛夊瓨鍎�(ch菙)鍣ㄧ殑灞ゆ绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
2銆侀€�(j矛n)绋�
閫�(j矛n)绋�銆侀€�(j矛n)绋嬫弿杩板強閫�(j矛n)绋嬬媭鎱�(t脿i)杞�(zhu菐n)鎻�
3銆佺窔绋�銆佸皪绋卞铏曠悊 SMP 鍜屽井鍏�(n猫i)鏍�
锛�1锛夌窔绋嬬殑姒傚康锛屽畾缇╃窔绋嬬殑蹇呰鎬у拰鍙兘鎬�锛�
锛�2锛夌窔绋嬬殑鍔熻兘鐗规€ц垏瀵�(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)鏂瑰紡锛�
锛�3锛夊皪绋卞铏曠悊 SMP 楂旂郴绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛�
锛�4锛夋搷浣滅郴绲�(t菕ng)鐨勯珨绯荤祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛堝井鍏�(n猫i)鏍歌垏宸ㄥ収(n猫i)鏍革級鍙婂叾鎬ц兘鍒嗘瀽銆�
4銆佸苟鐧�(f膩)鎬�
锛�1锛夊苟鐧�(f膩)鎬у晱椤屽強鐩搁棞(gu膩n)姒傚康锛屽鑷ㄧ晫鍗€(q奴)銆佷簰鏂�銆佷俊铏�(h脿o)閲忓拰绠＄▼绛�锛�
锛�2锛夐€�(j矛n)绋嬩簰鏂ャ€佸悓姝ュ拰閫氫俊鐨勫悇绋畻娉�锛�
锛�3锛夋閹栫殑姒傚康銆佹閹栫殑鍘熷洜鍜屾浠�
锛�4锛夋閹栫殑闋�(y霉)闃�銆侀伩鍏嶅拰妾㈡脯绠楁硶銆�
5銆佸瓨鍎�(ch菙)鍣ㄧ鐞�
锛�1锛夊垎鍗€(q奴)瀛樺劜(ch菙)绠＄悊銆佽钃嬭垏浜ゆ彌锛�
锛�2锛夐爜寮忕鐞嗗強娈靛紡绠＄悊锛�
锛�3锛夋銆侀爜寮忓瓨鍎�(ch菙)绠＄悊鏂规硶鍙婂(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)鎶€琛�(sh霉)锛�
锛�4锛夎櫅瀛樼殑鍘熺悊鍙婄浉闂�(gu膩n)鐨勫悇绋畻娉曞拰鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆�
6銆佸柈铏曠悊鍣ㄨ(di脿o)搴�
锛�1锛夎檿鐞嗗櫒鐨勪笁绋(di脿o)搴﹂鍨�锛�
锛�2锛夐€�(j矛n)绋嬭(di脿o)搴︾殑鍚勭ó绠楁硶鍙婂叾鐗归粸(di菐n)銆�
7銆佸铏曠悊鍣ㄨ(di脿o)搴﹀拰瀵�(sh铆)鏅�(sh铆)瑾�(di脿o)搴�
锛�1锛夊铏曠悊鍣ㄥ皪閫�(j矛n)绋嬭(di脿o)搴︾殑褰遍熆
锛�2锛夊铏曠悊鍣ㄧ挵(hu谩n)澧冧笅鐨勯€�(j矛n)绋嬪拰绶氱▼瑾�(di脿o)搴︾畻娉�锛�
锛�3锛夊(sh铆)鏅�(sh铆)閫�(j矛n)绋嬬殑鐗归粸(di菐n)锛�
锛�4锛夐檺鏈熻(di脿o)搴﹀拰閫熺巼鍠(di脿o)瑾�(di脿o)搴︽柟娉�銆�
8銆佽ō(sh猫)鍌欑鐞嗗拰纾佺洡瑾�(di脿o)搴�
锛�1锛夋搷浣滅郴绲�(t菕ng)涓几鍏�/杓稿嚭鍔熻兘鐨勭祫绻旓紱
锛�2锛変腑鏂疯檿鐞�锛�
锛�3锛夎ō(sh猫)鍌欓﹨(q奴)鍕�(d貌ng)绋嬪簭銆佽ō(sh猫)鍌欑劇闂�(gu膩n)鐨勮粺浠舵帴鍙ｅ拰 spooling 鎶€琛�(sh霉)锛�
锛�4锛夌珐娌栫瓥鐣�锛�
锛�5锛夌鐩よ(di脿o)搴︾畻娉�锛�
锛�6锛夌鐩ら櫍鍒椼€�
9銆佹枃浠剁郴绲�(t菕ng)
锛�1锛夋枃浠剁郴绲�(t菕ng)鐗归粸(di菐n)鑸囨枃浠剁祫绻旀柟寮�锛�
锛�2锛夋枃浠剁郴绲�(t菕ng)鐨勬暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛�
锛�3锛夌洰閷勭殑鍩烘湰鎬ц唱(zh矛)鍙婂叾瀵�(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)鏂规硶锛�
锛�4锛夌鐩ょ┖闁撶殑绠＄悊銆�
10銆佸垎甯冨紡绯荤当(t菕ng)
锛�1锛夊垎甯冨紡铏曠悊鐨勭壒榛�(di菐n)銆侀鍨�锛�
锛�2锛夊灞ら珨绯荤祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佷腑闁撲欢鎶€琛�(sh霉)锛�
锛�3锛夋(j墨)缇ょ郴绲�(t菕ng)锛�
锛�4锛夊垎甯冨紡閫�(j矛n)绋嬬鐞嗙浉闂�(gu膩n)鐨勬搷浣滅郴绲�(t菕ng)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鍟忛銆�
锛堜簩锛夎€冭│瑕佹眰
1銆� 浜嗚В鎿嶄綔绯荤当(t菕ng)鎵€绠¤絼鐨勮粺銆佺‖浠惰硣婧�锛涗簡瑙ｆ搷浣滅郴绲�(t菕ng)鐨勯棞(gu膩n)閸垫蹇�锛屽緸鏁撮珨涓婃妸鎻℃搷
浣滅郴绲�(t菕ng)鐨勭壒鎬ц垏鍔熻兘绛夋蹇碉紱寤虹珛鎿嶄綔绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勮硣婧愮鐞嗗拰鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄦ帴鍙ｇ殑鑱疯兘姒傚康銆�
2銆� 鎺屾彙閫�(j矛n)绋嬬殑鏈唱(zh矛)鐗瑰緛锛屾槑纰洪€�(j矛n)绋嬬殑鍕�(d貌ng)鎱�(t脿i)鐗规€�锛岀啛鎮夐€�(j矛n)绋嬬媭鎱�(t脿i)闁撹綁(zhu菐n)鎻涚殑鍘熷洜锛屽缓绔嬮€�(j矛n)
绋嬫槸璩囨簮鍒嗛厤鍠厓鍜屼竴绋亱(y霉n)琛屽(sh铆)楂旂殑鍩烘湰鐞嗗康銆�
3銆� 鐞嗚В寮曞叆绶氱▼浣滅偤鍩烘湰閬�(y霉n)琛屽(sh铆)楂旂殑蹇呰鎬у拰鍙兘鎬э紱鎺屾彙绶氱▼鍚勭ó瀵�(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)鏂瑰紡鍙婂叾鐗�
榛�(di菐n)锛涚啛鎮� SMP 楂旂郴绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佹搷浣滅郴绲�(t菕ng)鐨勯珨绯荤祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆�
4銆� 闈堟椿閬�(y霉n)鐢ㄤ俊铏�(h脿o)閲�銆佺绋嬬瓑鎶€琛�(sh霉)瑙ｆ焙浜掓枼鍚堝悓姝ュ晱椤�锛涚悊瑙ｆ閹栫殑姒傚康鍜岀敘(ch菐n)鐢熸閹栫殑
鍏呭垎蹇呰姊濅欢锛涚啛绶存帉鎻℃閹栫殑闋�(y霉)闃�銆侀伩鍏嶅拰妾㈡脯绠楁硶锛涗簡瑙ｈ檿鐞嗘閹栧晱椤屾檪(sh铆)閬垮厤
楗戦鐨勬柟娉�銆�
5銆� 鐞嗚В瀛樺劜(ch菙)绠＄悊鐨勫姛鑳藉強瀛樺劜(ch菙)绠＄悊灏嶅閬撶▼搴忚ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐨勬敮鎸侊紱鎺屾彙娈�銆侀爜寮忓瓨鍎�(ch菙)绠＄悊鏂�
娉曞強瀵�(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)鎶€琛�(sh霉)锛涙帉鎻¤櫅瀛樼殑鍘熺悊鍙婄浉闂�(gu膩n)鐨勫悇绋畻娉曞拰鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆�
6銆� 浜嗚В闀风▼銆佷腑绋嬪拰鐭▼涓夌ó瑾�(di脿o)搴﹂鍨�锛涢噸榛�(di菐n)鎺屾彙閫�(j矛n)绋嬭(di脿o)搴︾殑鍚勭ó绠楁硶鍙婂叾閬╃敤鐠�(hu谩n)澧�銆�
7銆� 鐔熸倝鎺屾彙澶氳檿鐞嗗櫒鐠�(hu谩n)澧冧笅閫�(j矛n)绋嬪拰绶氱▼瑾�(di脿o)搴︾畻娉曪紝浜嗚В瀵�(sh铆)鏅�(sh铆)閫�(j矛n)绋嬬殑鏈唱(zh矛)锛屾帉鎻￠檺鏈熻(di脿o)
搴﹀拰閫熺巼鍠(di脿o)瑾�(di脿o)搴︽柟娉曘€�
8銆� 鐞嗚В杓稿叆杓稿嚭瑷�(sh猫)鍌欏強鎿嶄綔绯荤当(t菕ng)涓几鍏�/杓稿嚭鍔熻兘鐨勭祫绻�銆佹帉鎻′腑鏂疯檿鐞�銆佽ō(sh猫)鍌欓﹨(q奴)鍕�(d貌ng)绋�
搴�銆佽ō(sh猫)鍌欑劇闂�(gu膩n)鐨勮粺浠舵帴鍙ｅ拰 spooling 绛夋妧琛�(sh霉)锛岄噸榛�(di菐n)鎺屾彙鍚勭ó鐢ㄤ簬鎻愰珮鎬ц兘鐨勭珐娌栫瓥
鐣ュ拰纾佺洡瑾�(di脿o)搴︾畻娉�锛涗簡瑙ｅ彲鎻愰珮鎬ц兘鍜屽彲闈犳€х殑鍚勭ó纾佺洡闄ｅ垪閰嶇疆鏂瑰紡銆�
9銆� 鐞嗚В鏂囦欢绯荤当(t菕ng)鐗归粸(di菐n)鑸囨枃浠剁祫绻旓紝鎺屾彙鏂囦欢绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勫熀鏈暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛屼簡瑙ｆ枃浠�銆佺洰閷勭殑
鍩烘湰鎬ц唱(zh矛)鍙婂叾瀵�(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)鏂规硶锛涢噸榛�(di菐n)鎺屾彙纾佺洡绌洪枔鐨勭鐞�銆佹枃浠剁郴绲�(t菕ng)鐨勬€ц兘鍙婂彲闈犳€�銆佹枃
浠剁郴绲�(t菕ng)鐨勫畨鍏ㄦ€у強淇濊(h霉)姗�(j墨)鍒剁瓑銆�
10銆� 浜嗚В鍒嗗竷寮忚檿鐞嗙殑鐗归粸(di菐n)銆侀鍨嬶紱鎺屾彙澶氬堡楂旂郴绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佷腑闁撲欢鎶€琛�(sh霉)鍜屾(j墨)缇ょ郴绲�(t菕ng)鐨勫熀鏈�
姒傚康鍜岀壒榛�(di菐n)锛涢噸榛�(di菐n)鎺屾彙閫�(j矛n)绋嬮伔绉�銆佸垎甯冨紡鍏ㄥ眬鐙€鎱�(t脿i)鐨勮獚(r猫n)瀹�銆佸垎甯冨紡浜掓枼鑸囨閹栭爯(y霉)闃�
绛夋妧琛�(sh霉)銆�
锛堜笁锛変富瑕佸弮鑰冩浉鐩�
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瀛�(xu茅)鍑虹増绀�锛�2011 骞�
涓�銆佽▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)
锛堜竴锛夎€冭│澶х侗
1銆佺窉璜�
锛�1锛夎▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)鐨勬蹇�銆佸垎椤�銆佹(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)銆佺祫鎴愯垏鍔熻兘
锛�2锛夎▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)鍒嗗堡绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛屽崝(xi茅)璀般€佹帴鍙�銆佹湇鍕�(w霉)绛夋蹇碉紝ISO/OSI 妯″瀷鍜� TCP/IP 妯″瀷
2銆佺墿鐞嗗堡
锛�1锛夐€氫俊淇￠亾銆佷俊铏�(h脿o)銆佸甯�銆佺⒓鍏冦€佹尝鐗�銆侀€熺巼銆佷俊婧愯垏淇″绛夊熀鏈蹇�锛屽濂庢柉鐗�
瀹氱悊鑸囬杈�(n贸ng)瀹氱悊锛岀法纰艰垏瑾�(di脿o)鍒�锛岄浕璺氦鎻�銆佸牨(b脿o)鏂囦氦鎻涜垏鍒嗙祫浜ゆ彌锛屾暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍫�(b脿o)鑸囪櫅闆昏矾
锛�2锛夐洐绲炵窔銆佸悓杌搁浕绾�銆佸厜绾栬垏鐒＄窔鍌宠几浠嬭唱(zh矛)锛岀墿鐞嗗堡鎺ュ彛鐨勭壒鎬�锛屼腑绻煎櫒锛岄泦绶氬櫒
3銆佹暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)閺堣矾灞�
锛�1锛夋暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)閺堣矾灞ょ殑鍔熻兘锛岀祫骞€锛屽樊閷�(cu貌)鎺у埗锛堟閷�(cu貌)鑸囩尘閷�(cu貌)绶ㄧ⒓锛�
锛�2锛夋祦閲忔帶鍒�銆佸彲闈犲偝杓歌垏婊戣吉绐楀彛姗�(j墨)鍒讹紝鍋滄-绛夊緟鍗�(xi茅)璀�锛屽悗閫€ N 骞€鍗�(xi茅)璀�(GBN)锛岄伕
鎿囬噸鍌冲崝(xi茅)璀�(SR)
锛�3锛夐牷鍒嗗璺京(f霉)鐢�銆佹檪(sh铆)鍒嗗璺京(f霉)鐢ㄣ€佹尝鍒嗗璺京(f霉)鐢�銆佺⒓鍒嗗璺京(f霉)鐢ㄧ殑姒傚康鍜屽熀鏈師鐞�锛�
ALOHA 鍗�(xi茅)璀�銆丆SMA 鍗�(xi茅)璀�銆丆SMA/CA 鍗�(xi茅)璀�銆佷护鐗屽偝閬炲崝(xi茅)璀�
锛�4锛夊眬鍩熺恫(w菐ng)鐨勬蹇靛強鍏堕珨绯荤祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛屼互澶恫(w菐ng)鑸� IEEE 802.3锛孖EEE802.11锛屼护鐗岀挵(hu谩n)缍�(w菐ng)
锛�5锛夊唬鍩熺恫(w菐ng)鐨勬蹇�锛孭PP 鍗�(xi茅)璀帮紝HDLC 鍗�(xi茅)璀�
锛�6锛夌恫(w菐ng)姗嬬殑姒傚康鍜屽師鐞�锛屼氦鎻涙(j墨)鍙婂叾宸ヤ綔鍘熺悊銆�
4銆佺恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)灞�
锛�1锛夌恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)灞ょ殑鍔熻兘锛岀暟妲�(g貌u)缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)浜掕伅(li谩n)锛岃矾鐢辫垏杞�(zhu菐n)鐧�(f膩)锛屾搧濉炴帶鍒�
锛�2锛夎矾鐢辩畻娉�锛岄潨鎱�(t脿i)璺敱鑸囧嫊(d貌ng)鎱�(t脿i)璺敱锛岃窛闆�-鍚戦噺璺敱绠楁硶锛岄張璺媭鎱�(t脿i)璺敱绠楁硶锛屽堡娆�
璺敱
锛�3锛塈Pv4 鍒嗙祫锛孖Pv4 鍦板潃鑸� NAT锛屽瓙缍�(w菐ng)鍔冨垎鑸囧瓙缍�(w菐ng)鎺╃⒓銆丆IDR锛孉RP 鍗�(xi茅)璀般€丏HCP 鍗�(xi茅)璀�
鑸� ICMP 鍗�(xi茅)璀�
锛�4锛塈Pv6 鐨勪富瑕佺壒榛�(di菐n)锛孖Pv6 鍦板潃
锛�5锛夎矾鐢卞崝(xi茅)璀�锛岃嚜娌荤郴绲�(t菕ng)锛屽煙鍏�(n猫i)璺敱鑸囧煙闁撹矾鐢�锛孯IP 璺敱鍗�(xi茅)璀�銆丱SPF 璺敱鍗�(xi茅)璀�銆丅GP
璺敱鍗�(xi茅)璀�
锛�6锛夌祫鎾殑姒傚康锛孖P 绲勬挱鍦板潃
锛�7锛夌Щ鍕�(d貌ng) IP 鐨勬蹇�锛岀Щ鍕�(d貌ng) IP 鐨勯€氫俊閬庣▼
锛�8锛夎矾鐢卞櫒鐨勭祫鎴愬拰鍔熻兘锛岃矾鐢辫〃鑸囪矾鐢辫綁(zhu菐n)鐧�(f膩)
5銆佸偝杓稿堡
锛�1锛夊偝杓稿堡鐨勫姛鑳�锛屽偝杓稿堡灏嬪潃鑸囩鍙�锛岀劇閫ｆ帴鏈嶅嫏(w霉)鑸囬潰鍚戦€ｆ帴鏈嶅嫏(w霉)
锛�2锛塙DP 鍗�(xi茅)璀�锛孶DP 鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍫�(b脿o)锛孶DP 鏍￠(y脿n)
锛�3锛塗CP 鍗�(xi茅)璀�锛孴CP 娈碉紝TCP 閫ｆ帴绠＄悊锛孴CP 鍙潬鍌宠几锛孴CP 娴侀噺鎺у埗鑸囨搧濉炴帶鍒�
6銆佹噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄥ堡
锛�1锛夊鎴�/鏈嶅嫏(w霉)鍣ㄦā鍨嬶紝P2P 妯″瀷
锛�2锛塂NS 姒傚康锛屽堡娆″煙鍚嶇┖闁擄紝鍩熷悕鏈嶅嫏(w霉)鍣�锛屽煙鍚嶈В鏋愰亷绋�
锛�3锛塅TP 鍗�(xi茅)璀扮殑宸ヤ綔鍘熺悊锛屾帶鍒堕€ｆ帴鑸囨暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)閫ｆ帴
锛�4锛夐浕瀛愰兊浠剁郴绲�(t菕ng)鐨勭祫鎴愮祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛岄浕瀛愰兊浠舵牸寮忚垏 MIME锛孲MTP 鍗�(xi茅)璀拌垏 POP3 鍗�(xi茅)璀�
锛�5锛塛WW 鐨勬蹇佃垏绲勬垚绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛孒TTP 鍗�(xi茅)璀�
锛堜簩锛夎€冭│瑕佹眰
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鍏稿瀷缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)瑷�(sh猫)鍌欑殑宸ヤ綔鍘熺悊锛�
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鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�銆�
锛堜笁锛変富瑕佸弮鑰冩浉鐩�
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浜細娓呰彲澶у(xu茅)鍑虹増绀�锛�2012 骞淬€�
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绶ㄥ埗鍠綅锛氫腑鍦嬬瀛�(xu茅)闄㈠ぇ瀛�(xu茅)
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鎮ㄧ従(xi脿n)鍦ㄧ殑浣嶇疆锛� 
