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1
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鍙冭€冩暀鏉愭垨涓昏鍙冭€冩浉锛�
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CH3CH=CHCH2OH
CH3
CH3CCH2CH2CH=CHCHO
O
2,5-鐠�(hu谩n) 宸� 浜� 鐑� 鍩� 鐢� 閰� 姘疶sCl TM S
a. b. c.
d. e.
O COOH
f.
g. h. i. j.
OH
CH3
CH3CH3
C2H5
H
NBS
DM F
浜�銆侀伕鎿囬锛氭瘡椤� 2 鍒嗭紙20 鍒嗭級
1銆佸垎瀛愬紡鐐� C4H10O2 鐨勪簩閱囨湁澶氬皯鍊�(g猫)鍖栧悎鐗╂槸鍏锋湁鎵嬫€х殑?銆�
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
2銆佸埗鍌�(CH3CH2)3COCH3 鐨勬柟娉曟槸锛�
A. CH3Br + (CH3CH2)3COK B. (CH3CH2)3COH + CH3MgBr
C. (CH3CH2)3CMgBr + CH3OH D. (CH3CH2)3CBr + CH3OK
3銆佸湪涓嬪垪鍚勫弽鎳�(y墨ng)涓�锛屽弽-3-宸辩儻鑸囬爢-3-宸辩儻琛ㄧ従(xi脿n)涓嶅悓鐨勬槸锛�
A. 鍌寲姘寲鐢�(ch菐n)鐗� B. 鑷哀鍖栫敘(ch菐n)鐗� C. 鑸囨捍鐨� CCl4 婧舵恫鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐢�(ch菐n)鐗�
D. 纭兼矮鍖栨哀鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�(ch菐n)鐗� E. 鐕冪噿鐨勭敘(ch菐n)鐗�
4銆�1molCH3MgI 鑸� 1molCH3COCH2CH2OH 鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勪富瑕佺敘(ch菐n)鐗╂槸锛�
绗� 5 闋�锛屽叡 10 闋�
A. CH4 + CH3CCH2CH2OM gI
O
B. CH4 + CH3CCH2CH2OCH3
O
C. CH3CCH2CH2OH
OM gI
CH3
D. CH3CCH2CH2OCH3
OH
CH3
5銆佸垎瀛愬紡鐐� C7H12 鐨勭兇锛屽偓鍖栨矮鍖栧緱鍒� C7H16锛岃┎鐑磋兘鑸� Ag+
(NH3)2OH-
鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐢熸垚娌夋穩锛�
涔熻兘鑸囨捍鍔犳垚锛屽畠鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)寮忔槸锛�
A. B.
C. D.
C H3CH=CHCH=CHCH2C H3 CH3CH2CH2C CCH2CH3
CH3
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2C CH
6銆佹寜鐓� Huckel 瑕�(gu墨)鍓囷紝浠ヤ笅鍖栧悎鐗╀笉鍏峰倷鑺抽鎬х殑鏄細
A. B. C. D.H O
7銆佸湪绱呭鍏夎瓬鍦栦腑锛孋=O 鐨勭壒寰佸惛鏀跺嘲鍦ㄤ笅鍒楀摢鍊�(g猫)鍗€(q奴)鍩熶腑锛�
A. 1700-1750cm
-1
B. 2900-3000cm
-1
C. 1000-1500cm
-1
D. 2000-2100cm
-1
8銆佸湪绛夐浕榛�(di菐n)鏅�(sh铆)锛岀敇姘ㄩ吀鍦ㄦ按婧舵恫涓富瑕佷互浣曠ó褰㈠紡瀛樺湪锛�
A . B .
C. D .
H2NC H2CO O H H 2N C H 2C O O
H3NC H2C O O H H 3N CH 2C O O
9銆� 鍖� 鍚� 鐗� C
H
CH3 Br
Cl
鑸� C
CH3
H Br
Cl
鐨� 闂�(gu膩n) 绯� 鐐� 锛�
A. 灏�(du矛)鏄犻珨 B. 闈炲皪(du矛)鏄犻珨
C. 妲�(g貌u)璞＄暟妲�(g貌u)楂� D. 鍚屼竴鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鍏╁€�(g猫)涓嶅悓琛ㄩ仈(d谩)寮�
10銆佷笅鍒楀摢鍊�(g猫)鍖栧悎鐗╃鍖栨檪(sh铆)锛屼富瑕佸緱鍒伴枔浣嶇敘(ch菐n)鐗╋細
A. B.
C. D.
PhN(CH3)3 PhCH2N(CH3)3
PhCH2CH2N(CH3)3 PhCH2CH2CH2N(CH3)3
涓�銆佸洖绛斿晱椤岋細 姣忛 4 鍒嗭紙20 鍒嗭級
绗� 6 闋�锛屽叡 10 闋�
1銆佸皣涓嬪垪鍖栧悎鐗╋紝鎸夊叾鍫挎€у挤(qi谩ng)寮辨帓搴�
CH2NH2 NH2 NHCOCH3 (CH3)4NOHa. b. c. d.
2銆佸皣涓嬪垪鍖栧悎鐗�锛屾寜鍏� SN1 娲绘€уぇ灏忔帓搴�
CH2Cl
O CH3
a. b.
CH2Cl
Cl
c.
C H2Cl
C H3
d.
C H2Cl
NO 2
e.
C H2Cl
3銆佸皣涓嬪垪鍖栧悎鐗�锛屾寜鍏堕吀鎬у挤(qi谩ng)寮辨帓搴�
COOH
a. b.
COOH
NO2
c.
COOH
Cl
COOH
CH3
d.
4銆佸皣涓嬪垪鍖栧悎鐗╋紝鎸夊叾璩�(zh矛)瀛愮殑鍖栧(xu茅)浣嶇Щ鍊�(未)澶у皬鎺掑簭
d.
C=C
H
CH2CH2Br
CH3
(CH3)3C
a.
b.
c.
e.
5銆佸皣涓嬪垪閰鍖栧悎鐗╋紝鎸夊叾鍫挎€ф按瑙ｉ€熷害澶у皬鎺掑簭
CH3CO X
O
X=锛� Br 锛� 锛� OCH3 锛� 锛� NO2 锛� 锛� H
a. b. c. d.
鍥�銆佸畬鎴愪笅鍒楀弽鎳�(y墨ng)寮忥紙娉ㄦ剰鐢�(ch菐n)鐗╃殑绔嬮珨鍖栧(xu茅)锛夛紙31 鍒嗭級
绗� 7 闋侊紝鍏� 10 闋�
1.
CH2Cl
NaCN LiAlH4
2. CH3CO 2Na + BrCH2 Cl
3. C6H5CO CH2CH3 + HCO 2C2H5
1. NaO C2H5
2. H
4. C6H5CH2CHO ClCHCO 2C2H5
CH3
1. Zn
2. H3O
5.
Cl
Cl
NO 2
Na2CO 3锛� H2O 锛�
6. NH Br(CH2)4Br
7. CO NH2
Br2/O H
8.
H
H
9. CH2=C CH=CH2
O CH3
CH2=CHCHO
10.
CO 2CH3
CO 2CH3
CO 2CH3
300
0
C
锛� 4锛� 2锛� 閫� 鍙� 鎳�(y墨ng)
( ) ( )
( )
( )
+ ( )
+ ( )
+ ( )
( )
( )
+ ( )
( ) + ( )
绗� 8 闋�锛屽叡 10 闋�
11.
O CH2CH=CH2
12.
13.
CH2CO 2HHO 2C
( )
( )
14.
KM nO 4/H
15.
CH2
1. B2H6
2. H2O 2/O H
PBr3 1. M g
2. CO 2
16.
Br Cl
涔� 閱�
17.
CO 2H CH2O H
18.
OHO H
H
CH3
C(CH3)3
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
+ M g ( )
( )
( )
19.
Cl
NaO H
涔� 閱�
( )
Br2
-60鈩�
CH3
Br2
hv
CH2锛� CHCO O CH=CH2
1m olBr2
CCl4
CH3
PhCO 3H
( )
20. ( )
21. ( )
22. ( )
23. CH3C CNa CH3CH2CH2CH2Cl
1m olH2
Ni
+ ( )
24. ( )
绗� 9 闋�锛屽叡 10 闋�
O3 Zn锛� H2O
CH=CHCH3O
HBr
+
H2SO4
25. ( )
26. ( )
27. ( )
浜�銆佹帹娓�(c猫)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)姗�(j墨)鐞嗭細锛�20 鍒嗭級
1.
2.
3.
H
CH2 CH CH
OH
CH3
CH3
H3C CH3
CH3 C
CH3
CH3
C
O
H
H
CH3 CH
CH3
C
O
CH3
O
CH3
CH3M gI HBr Br
HNO3
H2SO4 NO2
H2O
4.
鍏€佸畬鎴愪笅鍒楄綁(zhu菐n)鍖栵細锛�20 鍒嗭級锛堥櫎闈炴寚瀹氬師鏂�锛屽叾瀹冭│鍔戜换閬革級
N H 2 B r B r
N O 2
1.
2.
O
C O 2C 2H 5
O
C H 2B r
绗� 10 闋�锛屽叡 10 闋�
3.
4.
CH3
NO 2
N N O H
CH3 CH3
(鍞� 涓€ 鏈� 姗�(j墨) 鍘� 鏂� )
CH2(CO2C2H5)2 CH2 CHCH2CHCO O H
CH3
涓冦€佹帹娓�(c猫)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛氾紙24 鍒嗭級
1銆� 鍖栧悎鐗� A 鍒嗗瓙寮忕偤锛圕9H10O锛�锛� 鍏锋湁濡備笅鍏夎瓬淇¤櫉(h脿o)锛岃┎鍖栧悎鐗� A 鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)寮忔槸浠€涔�锛� 锛�7
鍒嗭級
A 1
HNMR锛毼�2.0(s, 3H), 3.75(s, 2H), 7.2(m, 5H) ppm銆�
IR锛� 3100锛�3000锛�1720锛�740锛�700cm
-1
2銆佸寲鍚堢墿 B锛圕15H21NO2锛�锛岀稉(j墨ng)鍏╂瀛ｉ姩鍫跨啽娑堥櫎寰� C14H16O2锛屽悗鑰呯稉(j墨ng)鑷哀鍖栭倓鍘熸按瑙ｅ緱鍒�
2mol HCHO 鍜� 1mol 濡備笅绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勭敘(ch菐n)鐗╋紝鏄帹娓�(c猫) B 鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆傦紙7 鍒嗭級
C
COOC2H5
CHO
CHO
3銆佸寲鍚堢墿 C锛圕13H20O2锛�锛岀敤绋€楣介吀铏曠悊寰楀寲鍚堢墿 D锛圕9H10O锛夊拰涓€绋惈鍏╁€�(g猫)纰冲師瀛愮殑鍖栧悎
鐗┿€侱 鐢� Br2锛廚aOH 铏曠悊鍚庡啀閰稿寲锛屽緱鍒颁竴绋吀 E锛圕8H8O2锛�锛岀敤 Wolff-Kishner-榛冮炒榫�
閭勫師 D 寰楀寲鍚堢墿 F锛圕9H12锛�锛孌 鍦ㄧ█鍫挎憾娑蹭腑鑸囪嫰鐢查啗浣滅敤寰� G锛圕16H14O锛�銆侰銆丏銆丒銆�
F銆丟 鍦ㄥ挤(qi谩ng)鐑堟哀鍖栦笅閮界敓鎴愯嫰鐢查吀锛岃│鎺ㄦ脯(c猫) C銆丏銆丒銆丗銆丟 鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆傦紙10 鍒嗭級
鍏嶈铂(z茅)鑱叉槑锛氭湰鏂囩郴杞�(zhu菐n)杓夎嚜缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)锛屽鏈変镜鐘紝璜�(q菒ng)鑱�(li谩n)绯绘垜鍊戠珛鍗冲埅闄�锛屽彟锛氭湰鏂囧儏浠ｈ〃浣滆€呭€�(g猫)浜鸿榛�(di菐n)锛岃垏鏈恫(w菐ng)绔欑劇闂�(gu膩n)銆傚叾鍘熷壍(chu脿ng)鎬т互鍙婃枃涓櫝杩版枃瀛楀拰鍏�(n猫i)瀹规湭缍�(j墨ng)鏈珯璀夊(sh铆)锛屽皪(du矛)鏈枃浠ュ強鍏朵腑鍏ㄩ儴鎴栬€呴儴鍒嗗収(n猫i)瀹�銆佹枃瀛楃殑鐪熷(sh铆)鎬�銆佸畬鏁存€с€佸強鏅�(sh铆)鎬ф湰绔欎笉浣滀换浣曚繚璀夋垨鎵胯锛岃珛(q菒ng)璁€鑰呭儏浣滃弮鑰�锛屽苟璜�(q菒ng)鑷鏍稿(sh铆)鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鍏�(n猫i)瀹广€�
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