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绗竴绔� 鍦扮悊淇℃伅绯荤当(t菕ng)鍩虹(ch菙)
绗竴绡€(ji茅) 鍦扮悊淇℃伅绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勫熀鏈蹇�
1.鍦扮悊淇℃伅
瀹氱京锛氬湴鐞嗕俊鎭槸鎸囪垏鐮旂┒灏�(du矛)璞＄殑绌洪枔鍦扮悊鍒嗗竷鏈夐棞(gu膩n)鐨勪俊鎭�,瀹冭〃绀哄湴鐞嗙郴绲�(t菕ng)璜歌绱犵殑鏁�(sh霉)閲�銆佽唱(zh矛)
閲忋€佸垎甯冪壒寰�锛岀浉浜掕伅(li谩n)绯诲拰璁婂寲瑕�(gu墨)寰嬬殑鍦�銆佹枃銆佽伈銆佸儚绛夌殑绺界ū銆�
鐗规€э細鍦板煙鎬�锛涘缍祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛涙檪(sh铆)搴忕壒寰�銆�
2.淇℃伅绯荤当(t菕ng)
鐐轰簡鏈夋晥灏�(du矛)淇℃伅娴侀€�(j矛n)琛屾帶鍒�銆佺祫绻旂鐞嗭紝瀵�(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)闆欏悜鍌抽仦锛岄渶瑕侀€氶亷鏌愮ó淇℃伅绯荤当(t菕ng)銆傚畠鑳藉皪(du矛)鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍜�
淇℃伅閫�(j矛n)琛岄噰闆�銆佸瓨鍎�(ch菙)銆佸姞宸ュ拰鍐嶇従(xi脿n)锛屽苟鑳藉洖绛旂敤鎴朵竴绯诲垪鍟忛鐨勭郴绲�(t菕ng)锛屽叿鏈夐噰闆嗐€佺鐞�銆佸垎鏋愬拰琛ㄩ仈(d谩)
鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勮兘鍔涖€傜敱瑷�(j矛)绠楁(j墨)纭欢銆佽粺浠�銆佹暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍜岀敤鎴跺洓澶ц绱犵祫鎴�銆�
3.鍦扮悊淇℃伅绯荤当(t菕ng)
鍦扮悊淇℃伅绯荤当(t菕ng)鏄互鍦扮悊绌洪枔鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴偤鍩虹(ch菙)锛屽湪瑷�(j矛)绠楁(j墨)杌熺‖浠剁殑鏀寔涓�锛屽皪(du矛)绌洪枔鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)閫�(j矛n)琛岄噰闆�銆�
绠＄悊銆佹搷浣�銆佸垎鏋�銆佹ā鎿拰椤ず锛屽苟閲囩敤鍦扮悊妯″瀷鍒嗘瀽鏂规硶锛岄仼鏅�(sh铆)鎻愪緵澶氱ó绌洪枔鍜屽嫊(d貌ng)鎱�(t脿i)鐨勫湴鐞嗕俊鎭�锛�
鐐哄湴鐞嗙爺绌跺拰鍦扮悊姹虹瓥鏈嶅嫏(w霉)鑰屽缓绔嬭捣渚嗙殑瑷�(j矛)绠楁(j墨)鎶€琛�(sh霉)绯荤当(t菕ng)銆�
4.鍦扮悊淇℃伅绯荤当(t菕ng)鐗瑰緛
(1)鍏锋湁閲囬泦銆佺鐞�銆佸垎鏋愬拰杓稿嚭澶氱ó鍦扮悊绌洪枔淇℃伅鐨勮兘鍔涳紱
(2)浠ュ湴鐞嗙爺绌跺拰鍦扮悊姹虹瓥鐐虹洰鐨�锛屼互鍦扮悊妯″瀷鏂规硶鐐烘墜娈碉紝鍏锋湁绌洪枔鍒嗘瀽銆佸瑕佺礌缍滃悎鍒嗘瀽鍜屽嫊(d貌ng)
鎱�(t脿i)闋�(y霉)娓殑鑳藉姏锛涘苟鑳界敘(ch菐n)鐢熼珮灞ゆ鐨勫湴鐞嗕俊鎭�锛�
(3)鐢辫▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)绯荤当(t菕ng)鏀寔閫�(j矛n)琛岀┖闁撳湴鐞嗘暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)绠＄悊锛屽苟鐢辫▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)绋嬪簭妯℃摤甯歌(gu墨)鐨勬垨?q奴)锝塗鐨勫湴鐞嗗垎鏋愭柟
娉�锛屼綔鐢ㄤ簬绌洪枔鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)锛岀敘(ch菐n)鐢熸湁鐢ㄤ俊鎭�锛屽畬鎴愪汉椤為洠浠ュ畬鎴愮殑浠诲嫏(w霉)銆�
绗簩绡€(ji茅) 鍦扮悊淇℃伅绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勭祫鎴�
1.纭欢绯荤当(t菕ng)
2.瑷�(j矛)绠楁(j墨)杌熶欢绯荤当(t菕ng)
3.鍦扮悊绌洪枔鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)
4.绯荤当(t菕ng)绠＄悊浜哄摗
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鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄥ姛鑳藉寘鎷細璩囨簮绠＄悊锛涘崁(q奴)鍩熻(gu墨)鍔�锛涘湅鍦熺洠(ji膩n)娓�锛涜紨鍔╂焙绛�銆�
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绗竴绡€(ji茅) 鍦扮悊绌洪枔鍙婂叾琛ㄩ仈(d谩)
1.鍦扮悊绌洪枔
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瑕佸湪鍦扮悊绌洪枔涓簴(zh菙n)纰烘脯瀹氫綅鑷�锛岄渶瑕侀噰鐢ㄤ竴绋┖闁撳畾浣嶆鏋朵締瀵�(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)锛屼篃灏辨槸澶у湴娓噺鎺у埗绯荤当(t菕ng)锛�
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2.绌洪枔瀵�(sh铆)楂旇〃閬�(d谩)
鍦扮悊绌洪枔瀵�(sh铆)楂旓細鍖呮嫭榛�(di菐n)銆佺窔銆侀潰銆佹洸闈�銆侀珨绛夊绋鍨嬨€�
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鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)琛ㄩ仈(d谩)鐨勯棞(gu膩n)閸碉細鐣�(d膩ng)灏�(du矛)绌洪枔瀵�(sh铆)楂旈€�(j矛n)琛屾暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)琛ㄩ仈(d谩)鏅�(sh铆)锛岄棞(gu膩n)閸垫槸濡備綍琛ㄩ仈(d谩)绌洪枔鐨勪竴鍊�(g猫)榛�(di菐n)锛屽洜?y脿n)杈刢(di菐n)鏄(g貌u)鎴�
鍦扮悊绌洪枔瀵�(sh铆)楂旂殑鍩烘湰鍏冪礌銆�
3.澶у湴姘存簴(zh菙n)闈�
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4.鍦扮悆姗㈢悆楂�
灏辨槸灏囧ぇ鍦伴珨绻炵煭杌搁閫熸棆杞�(zhu菐n)鎵€褰㈡垚鐨勪竴鍊�(g猫)琛ㄩ潰鍏夋粦鐨勶紝瑕�(gu墨)鍓囩殑鍦扮悆褰㈤珨銆傛槸灏�(du矛)鍦扮悆褰㈤珨鐨勬弿杩�锛�
鏄偤浜嗘脯閲忔垚鏋滅殑瑷�(j矛)绠楀拰娓湒宸ヤ綔鐨勯渶瑕佽€屽畾缇╃殑銆�
绗簩绡€(ji茅) 鍦扮悊绌洪枔鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍙婂叾鐗瑰緛
1.鍦扮悊绌洪枔鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍒嗛(琛� 1)
琛� 1 鍦扮悊绌洪枔鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍒嗛
鎸夋暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)渚嗘簮 鎸夋暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u) 鎸夋暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐗瑰緛 鎸夊咕浣曠壒寰� 鎸夋暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐧�(f膩)甯冨舰寮�
鍦板湒鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)
褰卞儚鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)
鏂囨湰鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)
鐭㈤噺鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)
鏌垫牸鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)
绌洪枔鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)
闈炵┖闁撴暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)
榛�(di菐n)
绶�
闈�銆佹洸闈�
楂�
鏁�(sh霉)瀛楃窔鐣湒
鏁�(sh霉)瀛楁煹鏍煎湒
鏁�(sh霉)瀛楅珮绋嬫ā鍨�
鏁�(sh霉)瀛楁灏勫奖鍍忓湒
2.鍦扮悊绌洪枔鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍩烘湰鐗瑰緛
绌洪枔鐗瑰緛锛氭寚鍦扮悊鐝�(xi脿n)璞″拰閬庣▼鎵€鍦ㄧ殑浣嶈嚨銆佸舰鐙€鍜屽ぇ灏忕瓑骞句綍鐗瑰緛锛屼互鍙婅垏鐩搁劙鍦扮悊鐝�(xi脿n)璞″拰閬庣▼
鐨勭┖闁撻棞(gu膩n)绯�锛屽寘鎷柟浣嶉棞(gu膩n)绯�銆佹嫇?f霉)娼(gu膩n)绯�銆佺浉閯伴棞(gu膩n)绯�銆佺浉浼奸棞(gu膩n)绯荤瓑锛�
灞€х壒寰侊細鎸囧湴鐞嗙従(xi脿n)璞″拰閬庣▼鎵€鍏锋湁鐨勫皥灞€ц唱(zh矛)锛岄€氬父鍖呮嫭鍚嶇ū銆佹暩(sh霉)閲�銆佽唱(zh矛)閲�銆佹€ц唱(zh矛)绛�锛岀ū鐐哄爆
鎬ф暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)锛�
鏅�(sh铆)闁撶壒寰侊細鎸囦竴瀹氬崁(q奴)鍩熷収(n猫i)鐨勫湴鐞嗙従(xi脿n)璞″拰閬庣▼闅ㄨ憲鏅�(sh铆)闁撶殑璁婂寲鎯呮硜锛岀ū鐐烘檪(sh铆)闁撴暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)銆�
3.鍦扮悊绌洪枔鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鎷�?f霉)娼(gu膩n)绯�
鎷�?f霉)娼(gu膩n)绯婚鍨�
鎷�?f霉)婧у緫妯辫澶嶅瑬璋熻鑷籫鍦栧舰鐨勭浉鍚岄鍨嬪厓绱犱箣闁撶殑鎷�?f霉)娼(gu膩n)绯�锛�
鎷�?f霉)娼(gu膩n)鑱�(li谩n)锛氭寚瀛樺湪浜庝笉鍚岄鍨嬬┖闁撳厓绱犱箣闁撶殑鎷�?f霉)娼(gu膩n)绯�锛�
鎷�?f霉)娴掝弲顐捐澶嶅瑬璋熻鑷籫鍦栧舰鐨勭浉鍚岄鍨嬩絾涓嶅悓绛夌礆(j铆)鐨勫厓绱犱箣闁撶殑鎷�?f霉)娼(gu膩n)绯�銆�
绗笁绡€(ji茅) 鍦扮悊绌洪枔鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勯鍨�
1.鐭㈤噺鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
瀹氱京锛氭槸鍒╃敤姝愬咕閲屽緱骞句綍瀛�(xu茅)涓殑榛�(di菐n)銆佺窔銆侀潰鍙婂叾绲勫悎楂斾締琛ㄧず鍦扮悊瀵�(sh铆)楂旂┖闁撳垎甯冪殑涓€绋暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)绲�
绻旀柟寮�銆�
鍖呮嫭鐨勫収(n猫i)瀹癸細瀵�(sh铆)楂旀暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛涙嫇?f霉)閶�?sh霉)鎿�(j霉)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
2.鏌垫牸鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
瀹氱京锛氭寚灏囩┖闁撳垎鍓叉垚鐐烘湁瑕�(gu墨)鍓囩殑缍�(w菐ng)鏍�锛岀ū鐐烘煹鏍煎柈鍏冿紝鍦ㄥ悇鍊�(g猫)鏌垫牸鍠厓涓婄郸鍑虹浉鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勫爆鎬у€间締
琛ㄧず鍦扮悊瀵�(sh铆)楂旂殑涓€绋暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)绲勭箶褰㈠紡.
涓昏瀛樺劜(ch菙)椤炲瀷锛氭煹鏍肩煩闄ｇ祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛涙父绋嬶紙琛岀▼锛夌法纰肩祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆�
3.鐭㈤噺鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鑸囨煹鏍兼暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勫劒(y艒u)缂洪粸(di菐n)
鐭㈤噺鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛�
鍎�(y艒u)榛�(di菐n)锛氳〃绀哄湴鐞嗘暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勭簿搴﹁純楂�锛涘毚(y谩n)瀵嗙殑鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛屾暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)閲�??锛涚敤缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)閫ｆ帴娉曡兘瀹屾暣鍦版弿杩版嫇?f霉)?br/>闂�(gu膩n)绯�锛涘湒褰㈣几鍑虹簿纰虹編瑙€锛涘湒褰㈡暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍜屽爆鎬ф暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勬仮寰�(f霉)銆佹洿鏂�銆佺稖鍚堥兘鑳藉(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)銆�
缂洪粸(di菐n)锛氭暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)寰�(f霉)闆�锛涚煝閲忓閭婂舰鍦板湒鎴栧閭婂舰缍�(w菐ng)寰堥洠鐢ㄧ枈鑷垫柟娉曡垏鏌垫牸鍦栭€�(j矛n)琛岀祫鍚�锛涢’绀哄拰绻�
鍦栬不(f猫i)鐢ㄩ珮锛岀壒鍒ユ槸楂樿唱(zh矛)閲忕躬鍦�銆佸僵鑹茬躬鍦栧拰鏆堢窔鍦栫瓑锛涙暩(sh霉)瀛�(xu茅)妯℃摤姣旇純鍥伴洠锛涙妧琛�(sh霉)寰�(f霉)闆滐紝澶氶倞褰㈠収(n猫i)鐨勭┖
闁撳垎鏋愪笉瀹规槗瀵�(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)銆�
鏌垫牸鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛�
鍎�(y艒u)榛�(di菐n)锛氭暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)绨″柈锛涚┖闁撴暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勭枈鑷靛拰绲勫悎鍗佸垎瀹规槗鏂逛究锛涘悇椤炵┖闁撳垎鏋愰兘寰堟槗浜庨€�(j矛n)琛岋紱鏁�(sh霉)瀛�(xu茅)
妯℃摤鏂逛究锛涙妧琛�(sh霉)闁嬬櫦(f膩)璨�(f猫i)鐢ㄤ綆銆�
缂洪粸(di菐n)锛氬湒褰㈡暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)閲忓ぇ锛涚敤澶у儚鍏冩笡灏戞暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)閲忔檪(sh铆)锛屽彲璀�(sh铆)鍒ョ殑鐝�(xi脿n)璞＄祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)灏囨悕澶卞ぇ閲忎俊鎭�锛涘湴鍦栬几鍑轰笉
绮剧編锛涢洠浠ュ缓绔嬬恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)閫ｆ帴闂�(gu膩n)绯�锛涙姇褰辫畩鎻涜姳鐨勬檪(sh铆)闁撳銆�
4.娓哥▼绶ㄧ⒓銆佸洓鍙夋ü绶ㄧ⒓鏂瑰紡
娓哥▼绶ㄧ⒓锛氭父绋嬬法纰兼槸鎸夎鐨勯爢搴忓瓨鍎�(ch菙)澶氶倞褰㈠収(n猫i)鐨勫悇鍊�(g猫)鍍忓厓鐨勫垪铏�(h脿o)锛屽嵆鍦ㄦ煇琛屼笂寰炲乏鑷冲彸瀛樺劜(ch菙)灞�
瑭插閭婂舰鐨勫鏈儚鍏冪殑鍒楄櫉(h脿o)銆傛父绋嬮暦搴︾法纰兼煹鏍煎姞瀵嗘檪(sh铆)锛屾暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)閲忔矑鏈夋槑椤鍔�锛屽绺晥鐜囪純楂�锛屼笖鏄�
浜庢绱�銆佺枈鍔�銆佸悎骞剁瓑鎿嶄綔銆傞€欑ó绶ㄧ⒓鏂规硶鏈€閬╁悎浜庡皬鍨嬭▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)锛屽悓鏅�(sh铆)涔熸笡灏戜簡鏌垫牸鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴殑鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)杓�
鍏ラ噺锛屼絾瑷�(j矛)绠楁湡闁撶殑铏曠悊鍜屽埗鍦栬几鍑鸿檿鐞嗗伐浣滈噺閮芥湁鎵€澧炲姞銆�
鍥涘弶妯圭法纰硷細鍥涘弶妯圭法纰煎張绋辩偤鍥涘垎妯�銆佸洓鍏冩ü绶ㄧ⒓銆傚畠鏄竴绋洿鏈夋晥鍦板绶ㄦ暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勬柟娉�銆傚畠灏�
2n脳2n 鍍忓厓闄ｅ垪鐨勫崁(q奴)鍩�锛岄€愭鍒嗚В鐐哄寘鍚柈涓€椤炲瀷鐨勬柟褰㈠崁(q奴)鍩�锛屾渶灏忕殑鏂瑰舰鍗€(q奴)鍩�?y脿n)姗愮矉鈧�(g猫)鏌垫牸鍍忓厓銆傚湒
鍍忓崁(q奴)鍩熷妰鍒嗙殑鍘熷墖鏄皣鍗€(q奴)鍩熷垎鐐哄ぇ灏忕浉鍚岀殑璞￠檺锛岃€屾瘡涓€鍊�(g猫)璞￠檺鍙堝彲鏍规摎(j霉)涓€瀹氳(gu墨)鍓囧垽鏂锋槸鍚︾辜绾�(x霉)绛夊垎
鐐烘涓€灞ょ殑鍥涘€�(g猫)璞￠檺銆傚叾绲傛鍒ゆ摎(j霉)鏄紝涓嶇鏄摢涓€灞や笂鐨勮薄闄�锛屽彧瑕�?ji菐ng)婢愬€肩祷H浠ｈ〃涓€绋湴鐗╂垨绗﹀悎鏃�
瀹氳姹傜殑骞剧ó鍦扮墿鏅�(sh铆)锛屽墖涓嶅啀绻肩簩(x霉)鍔冨垎鍚﹀墖涓€鐩村垎鍒板柈鍊�(g猫)鏌垫牸鍍忓厓鐐烘銆�
5.澶氶倞褰㈠拰绲�(ji茅)榛�(di菐n)鐨勬嫇?f霉)娓氬簤?br/>渚嬪锛岃ō(sh猫)闇€瑕佸皪(du矛)澶氶倞褰� P1 閫�(j矛n)琛岀法杓�锛屽叾绠楁硶閬庣▼鐐猴細寰炰笅琛ㄦ墍绀虹殑寮ф鏂囦欢涓�锛屾鍑鸿垏鐣�(d膩ng)鍓嶇法
杓殑澶氶倞褰� P1 鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鐨勬墍鏈夎閷勶紙琛� 2锛夛細
琛� 2 灏�(du矛)澶氶倞褰� P1 閫�(j矛n)琛岀法杓殑閬庣▼锛�1锛�
寮ф铏�(h脿o) 璧风祼(ji茅)榛�(di菐n) 绲傜祼(ji茅)榛�(di菐n) 宸﹀閭婂舰 鍙冲閭婂舰
C1
C2
C3
N1
N3
N1
N2
N2
N3
P2
P1
P1
P1
P4
肖
妾㈠嚭鐨勮閷勪腑锛岃▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)妾㈡煡鐣�(d膩ng)鍓嶇法杓殑澶氶倞褰� P1 鎵€铏曠殑浣嶈嚨锛�
濡傛灉 P1 浣嶅湪宸﹀閭婂舰浣嶈嚨锛屽皣涔嬭垏浣嶄簬鍙冲閭婂舰浣嶈嚨鐨勫閭婂舰铏�(h脿o)鐩镐氦鎻�锛屽悓鏅�(sh铆)涔熷皣瑭茬殑绲�(ji茅)榛�(di菐n)铏�(h脿o)
浣嶈嚨浣滅浉鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勪氦鎻涳紱鍙嶄箣锛屽鏋滅暥(d膩ng)鍓嶇法杓殑澶氶倞褰� P1 浣嶄簬鍙冲閭婂舰浣嶈嚨锛屽墖瑭茶閷勭殑鎵€鏈夋暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)闋�(xi脿ng)闋�
搴忎笉浣滄敼璁�銆傛寜鐓т笂杩拌(gu墨)鍓囷紝妾㈠嚭鐨勮閷勮畩?y艒u)姗愰煹婊﹂棶鍓懪�?3锛夛細
琛� 3 灏�(du矛)澶氶倞褰� P1 閫�(j矛n)琛岀法杓殑閬庣▼锛�2锛�
寮ф铏�(h脿o) 璧风祼(ji茅)榛�(di菐n) 绲傜祼(ji茅)榛�(di菐n) 宸﹀閭婂舰 鍙冲閭婂舰
C1
C2
C3
N1
N2
N3
N2
N3
N1
P2
P4
肖
P1
P1
P1
寰炵稉(j墨ng)閬庝唬纰间綅鑷佃綁(zhu菐n)鎻涚殑瑷橀寗涓�锛屼换鍙栦竴鍊�(g猫)璧风祼(ji茅)榛�(di菐n)浣滅偤璧烽粸(di菐n)锛岄爢搴忛€ｆ帴鍚勫€�(g猫)绲�(ji茅)榛�(di菐n)锛屽繀瑕佹檪(sh铆)鍙皪(du矛)瑷橀寗
鐨勫墠鍚庨爢搴忎綔瑾�(di脿o)鏁�锛屼娇寰楅€ｆ帴鐨勭祼(ji茅)榛�(di菐n)鑳借嚜琛屽皝闁夛紝濡傝〃 4 鎵€绀�銆�
琛� 4 灏�(du矛)澶氶倞褰� P1 閫�(j矛n)琛岀法杓殑閬庣▼锛�3锛�
寮ф铏�(h脿o) 璧风祼(ji茅)榛�(di菐n) 绲傜祼(ji茅)榛�(di菐n) 宸﹀閭婂舰 鍙冲閭婂舰
C1
C2
C3
N1 N2
N2 N3
N3 N1
P2
P4
肖
P1
P1
P1
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1.灞ゆ鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴ā鍨�
瀹氱京锛氬堡娆℃暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)妯″瀷琛ㄧ従(xi脿n)鐐哄€掔珛鐨勬ü锛岀敤鎴舵妸灞ゆ鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴悊瑙ｇ偤娈电殑灞ゆ銆備竴鍊�(g猫)娈电瓑鍍�(ji脿)浜庝竴鍊�(g猫)鏂�
浠剁郴绲�(t菕ng)鐨勮閷勫瀷銆傚湪灞ゆ鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)妯″瀷涓紝鏂囦欢鎴栬閷勪箣闁撶殑鑱�(li谩n)绯诲舰鎴愬堡娆�銆傛彌鍙ヨ┍瑾�锛屽堡娆℃暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴妸瑷�
閷勯泦鍚堣〃绀烘垚鍊掔珛鐨勬ü绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆�
鐗归粸(di菐n)锛氭湁涓斿彧鏈変竴鍊�(g猫)绡€(ji茅)榛�(di菐n)娌掓湁闆欒Κ绡€(ji茅)榛�(di菐n)锛岄櫎鏍圭瘈(ji茅)榛�(di菐n)澶栫殑鍏朵粬绡€(ji茅)榛�(di菐n)鏈変笖鍙湁涓€鍊�(g猫)闆欒Κ绡€(ji茅)榛�(di菐n)銆�
2.缍�(w菐ng)鐙€鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴ā鍨�
瀹氱京锛氱恫(w菐ng)鐙€鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)妯″瀷鑸囧堡娆℃ā鍨嬮浼�锛屽彧鏄竴鍊�(g猫)瑷橀寗鍙互鏈夊鍊�(g猫)闆欒Κ銆傜恫(w菐ng)鐙€鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)妯″瀷鏈変笁鍊�(g猫)鍩烘湰
姒傚康锛屽嵆瑷橀寗鍨�銆佹暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)闋�(xi脿ng)锛堟垨瀛楁锛変互鍙婇張鎺ャ€傛澶�锛屽湪缍�(w菐ng)鐙€妯″瀷琛�(sh霉)瑾為噷锛岃伅(li谩n)绯昏绋辩偤绯�锛屼竴鍊�(g猫)绯昏嚦
灏戠敱鍏╁€�(g猫)瑷橀寗鍨嬬祫鎴愩€傜涓€鍊�(g猫)瑷橀寗鍨嬬ū鐐轰富瑷橀寗锛岀浉鐣�(d膩ng)浜庡堡娆℃ā鍨嬬殑闆欒Κ銆傜浜屽€�(g猫)瑷橀寗鍨嬬ū鐐烘垚鍝¤
閷�锛岀浉鐣�(d膩ng)浜庡堡娆℃ā鍨嬬殑瀛愬コ銆備富瑷橀寗鍜屽畠鐨勬垚鍝¤閷勪箣闁撶殑鑱�(li谩n)绯荤敤閺堟帴渚嗘(bi膩o)璀�(sh铆)锛屾暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鑰呯郸閫欏€�(g猫)
閺堟帴璩︿簣绯诲悕銆傞€欏€�(g猫)绯诲悕鐢ㄤ締妾㈢储鍜屾搷绺辨暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)銆�
鐗归粸(di菐n)锛氳兘澶犳洿鐐虹洿鎺ュ湴鎻忚堪鐝�(xi脿n)瀵�(sh铆)涓栫晫锛屽涓€鍊�(g猫)绲�(ji茅)榛�(di菐n)鍙互鏈夊鍊�(g猫)闆欒Κ銆傚叿鏈夎壇濂界殑鎬ц兘锛屽瓨鍙栨晥鐜�
杓冮珮銆�
3.闂�(gu膩n)绯绘暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴ā鍨�
瀹氱京锛氶棞(gu膩n)绯绘暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)妯″瀷鐢ㄧ啊鍠殑琛ㄤ唬鏇垮京(f霉)闆滅殑妯瑰拰缍�(w菐ng)鐙€绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)渚嗙啊鍖栨暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴殑鐢ㄦ埗瑕栧湒銆�
鐗归粸(di菐n)锛氱啊鍠�锛岀祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐛�(d煤)绔嬫€э紝鏄撲簬瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)銆佸(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)銆佺董璀�(h霉)鍜屼娇鐢�锛岄潏娲诲拰寮�(qi谩ng)澶х殑鏌ヨ鑳藉姏銆�
4.闈㈠悜?q奴)慰楂�?sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴郴绲�(t菕ng)
瀹氱京锛氱敱鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍜屽皪(du矛)鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勬搷浣滅祫鎴�銆傞鏄皪(du矛)澶氬€�(g猫)灏�(du矛)璞″叡鍚岀壒鎬х殑鎶借薄姒傛嫭銆傛秷鎭槸灏�(du矛)璞′箣闁撻€氫俊
鐨勫敮涓€鏂瑰紡锛岀敤渚嗘寚绀烘帴鍙楁秷鎭殑灏�(du矛)璞″煼(zh铆)琛屽畠鐨勬搷浣�銆傛柟娉曟槸灏�(du矛)璞℃敹鍒版秷鎭悗鎳�(y墨ng)閲囧彇鐨勫嫊(d貌ng)浣滅郴鍒楃殑鎻�
杩�銆�
灏�(du矛)璞″叿鏈夌殑鐗规€э細灏佽鎬э紱绻兼壙鎬�锛涘鎱�(t脿i)鎬х瓑銆�
绗洓绔� 绌洪枔鍒嗘瀽鍘熺悊鑸囨柟娉�
绗竴绡€(ji茅) 绌洪枔淇℃伅妯″瀷鐨勫熀鏈蹇�
1.绌洪枔鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴�
绌洪枔鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴富瑕佹槸鐐� GIS 鎻愪緵绌洪枔鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勫瓨鍎�(ch菙)鍜岀鐞嗘柟娉�銆傚叾涓昏鏈夊叐绋柟寮忥細绌洪枔鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鏂囦欢瀛�
鍎�(ch菙)绠＄悊鍜岀┖闁撴暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴瓨鍎�(ch菙)鍜岀鐞�銆�
2.妯″瀷
灏辨槸灏囩郴绲�(t菕ng)鐨勫悇鍊�(g猫)瑕佺礌锛岄€氶亷閬╃暥(d膩ng)?sh霉)鏆甕閬�锛岀敤涓€瀹氱殑琛ㄧ従(xi脿n)瑕�(gu墨)鍓囨弿瀵嚭渚嗙殑绨℃槑鐨勬槧璞�銆傛ā鍨嬮€氬父
琛ㄩ仈(d谩)浜嗘煇鍊�(g猫)绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勭櫦(f膩)灞曢亷绋嬫垨鐧�(f膩)灞曠祼(ji茅)鏋�銆�
绗簩绡€(ji茅) 绌洪枔鐤婅嚨鍒嗘瀽
1.绌洪枔鐤婅嚨鍒嗘瀽鐨勬蹇�
绌洪枔鐤婅嚨鍒嗘瀽鏄寚鍦ㄧ浉鍚岀殑绌洪枔鍧愭(bi膩o)绯荤当(t菕ng)瑾�(di脿o)鍍�(ji脿)涓�锛屽皣鍚屼竴鍦板崁(q奴)鍏╁€�(g猫)涓嶅悓鍦扮悊鐗瑰緛鐨勭┖闁撳拰灞€ф暩(sh霉)
鎿�(j霉)閲嶇枈鐩稿姞锛屼互鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熺┖闁撳崁(q奴)鍩熺殑澶氶噸灞€х壒寰侊紝鎴栧缓绔嬪湴鐞嗗皪(du矛)璞′箣闁撶殑绌洪枔灏�(du矛)鎳�(y墨ng)闂�(gu膩n)绯�銆�
2.鍩轰簬鐭㈤噺鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勭枈鑷靛垎鏋�
榛�(di菐n)鑸囧閭婂舰鐨勭枈鍚堬細榛�(di菐n)鑸囧閭婂舰鐨勭枈鍚堟槸閫氶亷纰哄畾涓€鍊�(g猫)榛�(di菐n)鐙€绌洪枔鐗瑰緛涓殑榛�(di菐n)钀藉湪鍙︿竴鍊�(g猫)澶氶倞褰㈢┖
闁撶壒寰佷腑鐨勫摢涓€鍊�(g猫)澶氶倞褰㈠収(n猫i)锛屼互渚夸互姣忓€�(g猫)榛�(di菐n)璩︿簣鏂扮殑澶氶倞褰㈠爆鎬с€�
绶氳垏澶氶倞褰㈢殑鐤婂悎锛氱従(xi脿n)鑸囧閭婂舰鐨勭枈鍚堟槸閫氶亷纰哄畾涓€鍊�(g猫)绶氱媭绌洪枔鐗瑰緛涓殑绶氱稉(j墨ng)閬庡彟涓€鍊�(g猫)澶氶倞褰㈢┖
闁撶壒寰佷腑鐨勫摢鍊�(g猫)澶氶倞褰�锛屼互渚跨偤绶氳肠浜堟柊鐨勫閭婂舰灞€�銆�
澶氶倞褰㈣垏澶氶倞褰㈢殑鐤婂悎锛氬閭婂舰鑸囧閭婂舰鐨勭枈鍚堟槸鎸囧皣鍏╁€�(g猫)涓嶅悓鐨勫閭婂舰绌洪枔鐗瑰緛灞€х浉閲嶇枈锛�
鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熸柊鐨勫閭婂舰鐗瑰緛灞€�锛屼互瑙ｆ焙鍦扮悊璁婇噺鐨勫婧�(zh菙n)鍓囧垎鏋�銆佸崁(q奴)鍩熷閲嶅爆鎬х殑鍒嗘瀽銆佸湴鐞嗙壒寰佺殑鍕�(d貌ng)鎱�(t脿i)璁�
鍖栧垎鏋�锛屼互鍙婂湒绗﹁绱犺窡鏂�銆佸崁(q奴)鍩熶俊鎭彁鍙栫瓑銆�
3.鏌垫牸鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勭枈鍚堝垎鏋�
鐗归粸(di菐n)锛氬弮鑸囩枈鍚堝垎鏋愮殑绌洪枔鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐐烘煹鏍兼暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆傛煹鏍兼暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勭枈鍚堢畻娉曞彲浠ユ湁澶氬€�(g猫)绌洪枔鐗瑰緛鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)
鍙冭垏鍒嗘瀽锛岃€屼笉鍍忕煝閲忕枈鍚堝垎鏋愬彧鑳藉湪绌洪枔鐗瑰緛鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)涔嬮枔閫�(j矛n)琛�銆傛煹鏍肩枈鍚堝垎鏋愰洊鐒跺崰鐢ㄥ瓨鍎�(ch菙)閲忔瘮杓冨ぇ锛�
浣嗘槸閬�(y霉n)绠楅亷绋嬫瘮杓冪啊鍠�銆�
姊濅欢锛氬叿鍌欏叐鍊�(g猫)鎴栧鍊�(g猫)鐩稿悓鍦板崁(q奴)鐨勭浉鍚岃鍒楁暩(sh霉)鐨勬煹鏍兼暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)锛屾煹鏍煎柈鍏冪殑澶у皬涔熺浉鍚�銆�
绗笁绡€(ji茅) 绌洪枔绶╂矕鍗€(q奴)鍒嗘瀽
1.绌洪枔绶╂矕鍗€(q奴)鐨勯鍨�
鍩轰簬榛�(di菐n)鐗瑰緛鐨勭珐娌栧崁(q奴)鏄湪榛�(di菐n)鐗瑰緛鐨勫懆鍦嶄互榛�(di菐n)鐐哄湏蹇�銆佹寜鐓цō(sh猫)瀹氱殑璺濋洟鐐哄崐寰戝仛鐨勫湏锛岀浉浜掗潬杩戠殑
鍦撳彲浠ョ浉浜掗噸鐤�锛屼互姝よ〃绀洪粸(di菐n)鐗瑰緛鐨勫奖闊胯寖鍦嶆垨鏈嶅嫏(w霉)鍗€(q奴)鍩�銆�
鍩轰簬绶氱壒寰佺殑绶╂矕鍗€(q奴)鏄寜绶╂矕璺濋洟鍦ㄧ窔鐨勫叐鍋�(c猫)鍋氬钩琛岀窔锛屽湪绶氱殑绔粸(di菐n)鍑哄仛鍗婂湏鑸囧钩琛岀窔閫ｆ帴鎴愬皝
闁夌殑鍗€(q奴)鍩�銆傜浉浜掗潬杩戠殑绶╂矕鍗€(q奴)鍙互鐩镐簰閲嶇枈銆�
鍩轰簬闈㈢壒寰佺殑绶╂矕鍗€(q奴)鑸囩窔鐨勭珐娌栧崁(q奴)鐩镐技锛屽彲浠ュ湪闈㈢殑澶栭儴鍋氱珐娌栧崁(q奴)锛屼篃鍙互鍦ㄩ潰鐨勫収(n猫i)閮ㄥ仛绶╂矕鍗€(q奴)锛�
鍚屾ǎ鍙互鍦ㄥ収(n猫i)澶栭兘鐢熸垚绶╂矕鍗€(q奴)銆�
2.鐭㈤噺绶╂矕鍗€(q奴)鐨勫缓绔�
寤虹珛榛�(di菐n)鐙€瀵�(sh铆)楂旂殑鐭㈤噺绶╂矕鍗€(q奴)鍙渶瑕佷互榛�(di菐n)鐙€瀵�(sh铆)楂旂偤鍦撳績锛屼互绶╂矕鍗€(q奴)璺濋洟鐐哄崐寰戠躬鍦撳嵆鍙�銆傜窔鐙€瀵�(sh铆)楂�
鍜岄潰鐙€瀵�(sh铆)楂旂珐娌栧崁(q奴)鐨勫缓绔嬩篃鏄互鐝�(xi脿n)鐙€瀵�(sh铆)楂旀垨闈㈢媭瀵�(sh铆)楂旂殑閭婄窔鐐哄弮鑰冪窔锛屽仛鍙冭€冪窔鐨勫钩琛岀窔锛屽啀鑰冩叜绔�
榛�(di菐n)鍦撳姬锛屽嵆鍙缓绔嬬珐娌栧崁(q奴)銆�
3.鏌垫牸绶╂矕鍗€(q奴)鐨勫缓绔�
鏌垫牸绶╂矕鍗€(q奴)鐨勭敓鎴愬彲浠ラ€氶亷鍏╁€�(g猫)姝ラ渚嗗(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)銆傞鍏堟槸灏�(du矛)闇€瑕佸仛绶╂矕鍗€(q奴)鐨勬煹鏍煎柈鍏冨仛璺濋洟鎿�(ku貌)鏁�锛屽強
鎶€琛�(sh霉)鍝″叾浠栨煹鏍煎埌闇€瑕佸仛绶╂矕鍗€(q奴)鐨勬煹鏍肩殑璺濋洟銆傜劧鍚庢寜鐓цō(sh猫)瀹氱殑绶╂矕鍗€(q奴)璺濋洟鎻愬彇绗﹀悎瑕佹眰鐨勬煹鏍煎柈
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绗洓绡€(ji茅) 缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)鍒嗘瀽
1.绌洪枔缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)鍒嗘瀽
缍�(w菐ng)璺垎鏋愭槸閫氶亷妯℃摤銆佸垎鏋愮恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)鐨勭媭鎱�(t脿i)浠ュ強璩囨簮鍦ㄧ恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)涓婄殑娴佸嫊(d貌ng)鍜屽垎閰嶇瓑锛岀爺绌剁恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佹祦鍕�(d貌ng)
鏁堢巼鍙婄恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)璩囨簮绛夌殑鍎�(y艒u)鍖栧晱椤岀殑涓€绋柟娉曘€�
2.缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)绲勬垚鍜屽爆鎬�
绲勬垚锛氱珯榛�(di菐n)锛涚瘈(ji茅)榛�(di菐n)锛涙嫄瑙掗粸(di菐n)锛涗腑蹇�锛涢張锛涢殰绀欍€�
灞€�
(1)闃诲挤(qi谩ng)锛氭寚璩囨簮鍦ㄧ恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)娴佸嫊(d貌ng)涓殑鑰岄樆鍔涘ぇ灏�銆�
(2)璩囨簮瀹归噺锛氭寚缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)涓績鐐轰簡婊胯冻鍚勯張鐨勯渶姹傦紝鑳藉瀹圭磵鎴栨彁渚涚殑璩囨簮绺芥暩(sh霉)閲�锛屼篃鍊煎緸鍏朵粬涓績
娴佸悜瑭蹭腑蹇冩祦鍚戝叾浠栦腑蹇冪殑璩囨簮绺介噺銆�
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绗簲绡€(ji茅) 鏁�(sh霉)瀛楀湴闈㈡ā鍨�
1.鏁�(sh霉)瀛楀湴闈㈡ā鍨�
鏁�(sh霉)瀛楀湴闈㈡ā鍨嬪氨鏄敤鏁�(sh霉)瀛楀寲鐨勫舰寮忚〃閬�(d谩)鐨勫湴褰俊鎭�銆�
2.DEM 鐨勮〃绀烘柟娉�
(1)鏁�(sh霉)瀛�(xu茅)鍒嗗娉�
鏁�(sh霉)瀛�(xu茅)鏂规硶鎿悎琛ㄩ潰鏅�(sh铆)闇€渚濋潬閫ｇ簩(x霉)鐨勪笁缍嚱鏁�(sh霉)锛岄€ｇ簩(x霉)鐨勪笁缍嚱鏁�(sh霉)鑳戒互楂樺钩婊戝害琛ㄧず寰�(f霉)闆滆〃闈�銆傚眬閮�
鎿悎娉曟槸灏囧京(f霉)闆滆〃闈㈠垎鎴愭鏂瑰舰鍍忓厓锛屾垨闈㈢⿳澶ц嚧鐩稿悓鐨勪笉瑕�(gu墨)鍓囧舰鐙€灏忓锛屾牴鎿�(j霉)鏈夐檺鍊�(g猫)闆㈡暎榛�(di菐n)鐨勯珮绋�锛�
鍙緱鍒版摤鍚堢殑 DEM銆傜洝绠″湪灏忓鐨勯倞绶�锛屽潯搴︿笉涓€瀹氶兘鏄€ｇ簩(x霉)璁婂寲鐨�锛岄倓鏄噳(y墨ng)浣跨敤鍔犳瑠(qu谩n)鍑芥暩(sh霉)渚嗕繚璀�
灏忓閫ｆ帴铏曠殑鍖归厤锛屾渶杩戝垎娈垫ā鎿凡鐢ㄤ簬鍦颁笅姘�銆佸湡澹ょ壒寰佹垨鍏跺畠鐠�(hu谩n)澧冩暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勮〃闈㈠収(n猫i)鎻�銆�
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绶氭ā寮忥細琛ㄧず鍦板舰鐨勬渶鏅€氱窔妯″紡鏄竴绯诲垪鎻忚堪楂樼▼鏇茬窔鐨勭瓑楂樼窔銆�
榛�(di菐n)妯″紡锛氫汉宸ョ恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)娉�锛涚珛楂斿儚灏�(du矛)鍒嗘瀽锛涗笉瑕�(gu墨)鍓囦笁瑙掔恫(w菐ng)鏂规硶銆�
绗簲绔� 鍦扮悊淇℃伅绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勬噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄦā鍨�
绗竴绡€(ji茅) GIS 鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄦā鍨嬬殑姒傝堪
1.GIS 鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄦā鍨嬬殑鍒嗛
鏍规摎(j霉)琛ㄩ仈(d谩)鎺т欢灏�(du矛)璞＄殑涓嶅悓鍙垎鐐轰笁椤烇細涓€椤炴槸鍩轰簬鐞嗗寲鍘熺悊鐨勭悊璜栨ā鍨�锛屽張绋辩偤鏁�(sh霉)瀛�(xu茅)妯″瀷锛涗竴椤�
鏄熀浜庤畩閲忎箣闁撶殑绲�(t菕ng)瑷�(j矛)闂�(gu膩n)绯绘垨鍟熺櫦(f膩)寮忛棞(gu膩n)绯荤殑妯″瀷锛岄€欓妯″瀷绲�(t菕ng)绋辩偤缍�(j墨ng)椹�(y脿n)?z膩i)锛�?锛屾槸閫氶亷鐞嗗寲绲�(t菕ng)瑷�(j矛)鏂规硶鍜�
澶ч噺瑙€娓│椹�(y脿n)寤虹珛鐨勬ā鍨�锛涘彟澶栦竴椤炴槸鍩轰簬鍘熺悊鍜岀稉(j墨ng)椹�(y脿n)鐨勬贩鍚堟ā鍨�锛岄€欓妯″瀷鍩轰簬鐞嗚珫鍘熺悊鐨勭⒑瀹氭€�
璁婇噺锛屼篃鏈夋噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄧ稉(j墨ng)椹�(y脿n)鍔犱互纰哄畾鐨勪笉纰哄畾鎬ц畩閲�銆�
鎸夌収鐮旂┒灏�(du矛)璞＄殑鐬檪(sh铆)鐙€鎱�(t脿i)鍜岀櫦(f膩)灞曢亷绋�锛屽彲灏囨ā鍨嬪垎鐐洪潨鎱�(t脿i)銆佸崐闈滄厠(t脿i)鍜屽嫊(d貌ng)鎱�(t脿i)涓夐銆�
2.GIS 鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄦā鍨嬬殑妲�(g貌u)寤�
鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄦā鍨嬪缓妯＄殑姝ラ锛涙噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄦā鍨嬪缓妯＄殑閫斿緫锛涙噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄦā鍨嬪缓妯＄殑鏂规硶鈥斺€斿埗鍦栧缓妯�銆�
绗簩绡€(ji茅) 閬╁疁鎬у垎鏋愭ā鍨�
1.妯″瀷姒傝堪
閬╁疁鎬у垎鏋愭槸鎸囧湡鍦伴嚌灏�(du矛)鏌愮ó鐗瑰畾闁嬬櫦(f膩)娲诲嫊(d貌ng)鐨勫垎鏋愶紝閫欎簺闁嬬櫦(f膩)娲诲嫊(d貌ng)鍖呮嫭杈�(n贸ng)妤�(y猫)鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�銆佸煄甯傚寲閬稿潃銆�
浣滅墿椤炲瀷甯冨眬銆侀亾璺伕绶�銆侀伕鎿囬噸鏂伴€犳灄鐨勬渶閬╁疁鐨勫湡鍦扮瓑銆�
2.鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄥ(sh铆)渚�
瑭�(p铆ng)鍍�(ji脿)灏�(du矛)璞�锛涜⿻(p铆ng)鍍�(ji脿)鏂规硶锛涜⿻(p铆ng)鍍�(ji脿)閬庣▼銆�
绗笁绡€(ji茅) 鐧�(f膩)灞曢爯(y霉)娓ā鍨�
1. 涓€鑸粙绱�
鐧�(f膩)灞曢爯(y霉)娓槸閬�(y霉n)鐢ㄥ凡鏈夌殑瀛樺劜(ch菙)鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍜岀郴绲�(t菕ng)鎻愪緵鐨勬墜娈�锛屽皪(du矛)浜嬬墿閫�(j矛n)琛岀瀛�(xu茅)鐨勬暩(sh霉)閲忓垎鏋�锛屾帰绱㈡煇涓€浜嬬墿
鍦ㄤ粖鍚庣殑鍙兘鐧�(f膩)灞曡定鍕�锛屽苟浣滃嚭瑭�(p铆ng)鍍�(ji脿)鍜屼及瑷�(j矛)锛屼互瑾�(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)銆佹帶鍒惰▓(j矛)鍔冩垨琛屽嫊(d貌ng)銆傞爯(y霉)娓柟娉曢€氬父鍒嗙偤瀹氭€�銆佸畾
閲忋€佸畾鏅�(sh铆)鍜屾鐜囬爯(y霉)娓�銆�
2.鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄥ(sh铆)渚�
瑭�(p铆ng)鍍�(ji脿)灏�(du矛)璞�锛涜⿻(p铆ng)鍍�(ji脿)鏂规硶锛涜⿻(p铆ng)鍍�(ji脿)閬庣▼銆�
绗洓绡€(ji茅) 鍗€(q奴)浣嶉伕鎿囨ā鍨�
1.鍗€(q奴)浣嶉伕鎿�
鎸夌収瑕�(gu墨)瀹氱殑妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)閫氶亷绌洪枔鍒嗘瀽鏂规硶锛岀⒑瀹氬粻鍧€銆侀浕绔�銆佺绶氭垨浜ら€氳矾绶氱瓑鐨勬渶浣冲崁(q奴)浣嶆垨璺緫銆�
2.寤虹珛鍗€(q奴)浣嶉伕鎿囨ā鍨嬬殑闅庢锛�
鍙垎鐐烘暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)婧�(zh菙n)鍌欓殠娈�銆佸洜瀛愮爺绌跺拰缍滃悎褰遍熆鐨勮⿻(p铆ng)鍍�(ji脿)闅庢锛屼互鍙婇伕鍧€鍒嗘瀽闅庢銆�
绗簲绡€(ji茅) 鍦扮悆绉戝(xu茅)妯℃摤妯″瀷
1.鍦扮悆绉戝(xu茅)妯℃摤妯″瀷
鍦扮悆绉戝(xu茅)妯℃摤妯″瀷鏄噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄨ▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)銆佹暩(sh霉)瀛楁ā鎿妧琛�(sh霉)鍙婄稖鍚堝垎鏋愮殑鏂规硶渚嗘ā鎿ū澶氬湴鐞嗛亷绋嬪拰鐝�(xi脿n)璞�銆�
2.鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄥ(sh铆)渚嬶細
浠ュ湡澹や镜铦曠殑妯℃摤妯″瀷鐐轰緥锛岄鍏�锛岀⒑瀹氬湡澹や镜铦曠殑鏁�(sh霉)鍊煎垎鏋愭ā鍨�锛涘叾娆�锛岃ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鍦熷￥渚佃潟鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)铏�
鐞嗘祦绋�锛涙渶鍚庯紝鍦熷￥渚佃潟鍦栫殑杓稿嚭銆�
绗叚绔� 鍦扮悊淇℃伅绯荤当(t菕ng)闁嬬櫦(f膩)鑸囨噳(y墨ng)鐢�
绗竴绡€(ji茅) 鍦扮悊淇℃伅绯荤当(t菕ng)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)娴佺▼
1.绯荤当(t菕ng)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)
绯荤当(t菕ng)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐨勪换鍕�(w霉)鏄皣绯荤当(t菕ng)鍒嗘瀽闅庢鎻愬嚭鐨勯倧杓ā鍨嬭綁(zhu菐n)鍖栫偤鐩告噳(y墨ng)鐨勭墿鐞嗗瀷锛屽叾瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐨勫収(n猫i)瀹归毃绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨�
鐩(bi膩o)銆佹暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勬€ц唱(zh矛)鍜岀郴绲�(t菕ng)鐨勪笉鍚岃€屾湁寰堝ぇ鐨勫樊鐣般€傞鍏堟噳(y墨ng)鏍规摎(j霉)绯荤当(t菕ng)鐮斿埗鐨勭洰妯�(bi膩o)锛岀⒑瀹氱郴绲�(t菕ng)蹇呴爤鍏峰倷鐨�
绌洪枔鎿嶄綔鍔熻兘锛岀ū鐐哄姛鑳借ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)锛涘叾娆℃槸鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍒嗛鍜岀法纰�锛屽畬鎴愮┖闁撴暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勫瓨鍎�(ch菙)鍜岀鐞�锛岀ū鐐烘暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)锛�
鏈€鍚庢槸绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勫缓妯″拰鐢�(ch菐n)鍝佺殑杓稿嚭锛岀ū鐐烘噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄨō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)銆�
2.绯荤当(t菕ng)瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)娴佺▼锛堝湒 1锛�
绗簩绡€(ji茅) 鍦扮悊淇℃伅绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勮ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)
1.绯荤当(t菕ng)鍒嗘瀽
閫欎竴娆′締婧愪簬缇庡湅鐨勮槶寰峰叕鍙革紝鍏跺熀鏈€濇兂鏄緸绯荤当(t菕ng)瑙€榛�(di菐n)鍑虹櫦(f膩)锛岄€氶亷灏�(du矛)浜嬬墿閫�(j矛n)琛屽垎鏋愯垏缍滃悎锛屾壘
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20%
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闆嗘垚锛涘彲鎿嶄綔鎬�銆�
绗簲绡€(ji茅) 鍦扮悊淇℃伅绯荤当(t菕ng)妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鍖�
1.涓昏鍏�(n猫i)瀹癸細绲�(t菕ng)涓€鐨勫悕瑭炶(sh霉)瑾炲収(n猫i)娑�锛涚当(t菕ng)涓€鐨勬暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)閲囬泦鍘熷墖锛涚当(t菕ng)涓€鐨勭┖闁撳畾浣嶆鏋�锛涚当(t菕ng)涓€鐨勬暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍒�
椤炴(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)锛涚当(t菕ng)涓€鐨勬暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)绶ㄧ⒓绯荤当(t菕ng)锛涚当(t菕ng)涓€鐨勬暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)绲勭箶绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛涚当(t菕ng)涓€鐨勬暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)瑷橀寗鏍煎紡锛涚当(t菕ng)涓€鐨勬暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)璩�(zh矛)閲忓惈缇�銆�
2.鍦扮悊淇℃伅绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勮⿻(p铆ng)鍍�(ji脿)锛氱郴绲�(t菕ng)鏁堢巼锛涚郴绲�(t菕ng)鍙潬鎬�锛涘彲鎿�(ku貌)灞曟€э紱鍙Щ妞嶆€�锛涚郴绲�(t菕ng)鏁堢泭锛涘畨鍏ㄦ€с€�
绗竷绔� 鍦扮悆淇℃伅绉戝(xu茅)鑸囨暩(sh霉)瀛楀湴鐞�
绗竴绡€(ji茅) 鍦扮悆淇℃伅绉戝(xu茅)
1.鍦扮悊淇℃伅绉戝(xu茅)
鍦扮悊淇℃伅绉戝(xu茅)鏄� 1992 骞� Goodchild 鎻愬嚭鐨�锛岃垏鍦扮悊淇℃伅绯荤当(t菕ng)鐩告瘮锛屽畠鏇村姞鍋�(c猫)閲嶄簬灏囧湴鐞嗕俊鎭浣�
鐐轰竴闁€绉戝(xu茅)锛岃€屼笉鍍呭儏鏄竴鍊�(g猫)鎶€琛�(sh霉)瀵�(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)锛屼富瑕佺爺绌跺湪鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄨ▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)鎶€琛�(sh霉)灏�(du矛)鍦扮悊淇℃伅閫�(j矛n)琛岃檿鐞�銆佸瓨鍎�(ch菙)銆佹彁
鍙栦互鍙婄鐞嗗拰鍒嗘瀽閬庣▼涓彁鍑虹殑涓€绯诲垪鍩烘湰鍟忛锛屽寘鎷細
(1)鍒嗗竷寮忚▓(j矛)绠�
(2)鍦扮悊淇℃伅鐨勮獚(r猫n)鐭�
(3)鍦扮悊淇℃伅鐨勪簰鎿嶄綔
(4)姣斾緥灏�
(5)绌洪枔淇℃伅鍩虹(ch菙)瑷�(sh猫)鏂界殑鏈締
(6)鍦扮悊鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勪笉纰哄畾鎬у拰鍩轰簬 GIS 鐨勫垎鏋�
(7)GIS 鍜岀ぞ鏈�(hu矛)
(8)鍦扮悊淇℃伅绯荤当(t菕ng)鍦ㄧ挵(hu谩n)澧冧腑鐨勭┖闁撳垎鏋�
(9)绌洪枔鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勭嵅鍙栧拰闆嗘垚绛夌瓑
2.涓昏鐮旂┒鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
鍦扮悆淇℃伅绉戝(xu茅)鐨勬湰璩�(zh矛)鏄緸淇℃伅娴佺殑瑙掑害渚嗘彮绀哄湴鐞冪郴绲�(t菕ng)鐨勭櫦(f膩)鐢�銆佺櫦(f膩)灞曞強鍏舵紨鍖栬(gu墨)寰�锛屽緸鑰屽(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)璩�
婧�銆佺挵(hu谩n)澧冨拰绀炬渻(hu矛)鐨勫畯瑙€瑾�(di脿o)鎺с€�
鍦扮悆淇℃伅鐮旂┒鍖呮嫭锛氬湴鐞冧俊鎭殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佹€ц唱(zh矛)銆佸垎椤炲拰琛ㄩ仈(d谩)锛涘湴鐞冨湀灞ら枔淇℃伅鍌宠几姗�(j墨)鍒�銆佺墿鐞嗛亷绋�
鍙婂叾澧炵泭鍜岃“娓涗互鍙婁俊鎭祦鐨勫舰鎴愭(j墨)鐞嗭紱鍦扮悆淇℃伅鐨勭┖闁撹獚(r猫n)璀�(sh铆)鍙婂叾涓嶇⒑瀹氭€ц垏鍙爯(y霉)瑕嬫€�锛涘湴鐞冧俊鎭ā
鎿墿璩�(zh矛)娴�銆佽兘閲忔祦鍜屼汉娴佺浉浜掍綔鐢ㄩ棞(gu膩n)绯荤殑鏅�(sh铆)绌鸿綁(zhu菐n)鎻涚壒寰侊紱鍦扮悆淇℃伅鐨勭嵅鍙栧拰铏曠悊鐨勬噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄥ熀绀�(ch菙)鐞嗚珫绛�銆�
3.鍦扮悆淇℃伅鎶€琛�(sh霉)鍖呮嫭鐨勫収(n猫i)瀹�
(1)鍦扮悆鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐛插彇鎶€琛�(sh霉)
鐢ㄤ互寰炲閮ㄤ笘鐣岀嵅寰楄閷勫湴鐞冩€ц唱(zh矛)鍜岀媭鎱�(t脿i)鐨勫湴鐞冩暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)銆傞仚鎰�銆佸叏鐞冨畾浣嶇郴绲�(t菕ng)绛夊湴鐞冩暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐛插彇鎶€琛�(sh霉)
鐨勭櫦(f膩)灞曞凡缍�(j墨ng)褰㈡垚浜嗚钃嬪叏鐞冪殑鐩�(ji膩n)娓亱(y霉n)琛岀郴绲�(t菕ng)锛屽缓绔嬭捣澶氬堡娆�銆佺珛楂旂殑灏�(du矛)鍦拌娓郴绲�(t菕ng)锛圗OS,Earth
Observation System锛夛紝鏄揩閫熺嵅鍙栧拰鏇存柊鍦扮悆鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勪富瑕佹妧琛�(sh霉)鎵嬫銆�
(2)鍦扮悆淇℃伅妯℃摤鎶€琛�(sh霉)
鐢ㄤ簬灏囧湴鐞冩暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)杞�(zhu菐n)鍖栫偤鍦扮悆淇℃伅锛屽寘鎷湴鐞冪┖闁撲俊鎭殑鍔犲伐銆佸啀鐢熶互鍙婄嵅寰楁湁闂�(gu膩n)鏌愪竴鍦扮悆绌洪枔鍟�
椤岃В姹虹殑鐩殑銆佽▓(j矛)鍔冨拰绛栫暐淇℃伅銆�
(3)鍦扮悆淇℃伅鍌虫挱鎶€琛�(sh霉)
鐢ㄤ互瀵�(sh铆)鏂界┖闁撴暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勫偝閬炲拰淇℃伅鐨勫偝鎾�銆�
绗簩绡€(ji茅) 鏁�(sh霉)瀛楀湴鐞冪殑姒傚康鍙婂叾鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熺殑鑳屾櫙
1.鍩烘湰姒傚康
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涓彲浠ョ櫦(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)锛屾垐?du矛)鏌曡噭?sh霉)瀛楀湴鐞�?q奴)W鏄棞(gu膩n)浜庢暣鍊�(g猫)鍦扮悆銆佸叏鏂逛綅鐨� GIS 鑸囪櫅鎿従(xi脿n)瀵�(sh铆)鎶€琛�(sh霉)銆佺恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)鎶€琛�(sh霉)鐩哥祼(ji茅)鍚堢殑
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2.鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熺殑鑳屾櫙
鍦� 鐞� 淇� 鎭� 绯� 绲�(t菕ng)
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娓� 绻� 鎶€ 琛�(sh霉)
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鍦� 2 鏁�(sh霉)瀛楀湴鐞冪敘(ch菐n)鐢熺殑鑳屾櫙
绗笁绡€(ji茅) 鏁�(sh霉)瀛楀湴鐞冩牳蹇冩妧琛�(sh霉)
鏍稿績鎶€琛�(sh霉)鐨勪富瑕佸収(n猫i)瀹癸細楂樺垎杈ㄧ巼琛�(w猫i)鏄熼仚鎰熸暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勫揩閫熺嵅鍙栨妧琛�(sh霉)锛涘湴鐞冪┖闁撴暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勫瓨鍎�(ch菙)鍜岃檿鐞�锛涜秴
濯掗珨绌洪枔淇℃伅绯荤当(t菕ng)锛涘湴鐞嗕俊鎭殑鍒嗗竷寮忚▓(j矛)绠�锛涚劇姣斾緥灏烘暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴紱绌洪枔鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍊夊韩锛涚┖闁撴暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)铻嶅悎(Fusion)锛�
铏涙摤鐝�(xi脿n)瀵�(sh铆)(VR,Virtual Reality)鎶€琛�(sh霉)锛涘厓鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)锛圡etadata锛�銆�
绗洓绡€(ji茅) 鈥�3S鈥濋泦鎴愭妧琛�(sh霉)
1.鈥�3S鈥濆熀鏈蹇�
(1)閬欐劅(RS)
閫氬父鏄寚閫氶亷鏌愮ó鍌虫劅鍣ㄨ鑷�锛屽湪涓嶈垏鐮旂┒灏�(du矛)璞＄洿鎺ユ帴瑙哥殑鎯呮硜涓�锛岀嵅寰楀叾鐗瑰緛淇℃伅锛屽苟灏�(du矛)閫欎簺
淇℃伅閫�(j矛n)琛屾彁鍙�銆佸姞宸�銆佽〃閬�(d谩)鍜屾噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄧ殑涓€闁€绉戝(xu茅)鎶€琛�(sh霉)銆�
(2)鍏ㄧ悆瀹氫綅绯荤当(t菕ng)(GPS)
鏄埄鐢ㄤ汉閫犲湴鐞冭(w猫i)鏄熼€�(j矛n)琛岄粸(di菐n)浣嶆脯閲忓皫(d菐o)鑸妧琛�(sh霉)銆�
GPS 绯荤当(t菕ng)鍖呮嫭涓夊ぇ閮ㄥ垎锛氱┖闁撻儴鍒嗏€斺€擥PS 琛�(w猫i)鏄熸槦搴�锛涘湴闈㈡帶鍒堕儴鍒嗏€斺€斿湴闈㈢洠(ji膩n)鎺х郴绲�(t菕ng)锛涚敤鎴惰ō(sh猫)
鍌欓儴鍒嗏€斺€擥PS 淇¤櫉(h脿o)鎺ユ敹姗�(j墨)銆�
(3)鍦扮悊淇℃伅绯荤当(t菕ng)锛圙IS锛�
鏄互鍦扮悊绌洪枔鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴偤鍩虹(ch菙)锛屽湪瑷�(j矛)绠楁(j墨)杌熺‖浠剁殑鏀寔涓�锛屽皪(du矛)绌洪枔鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)閫�(j矛n)琛岄噰闆嗐€佺鐞�銆佹搷浣溿€�
鍒嗘瀽銆佹ā鎿拰椤ず锛屽苟閲囩敤鍦扮悊妯″瀷鍒嗘瀽鏂规硶锛岄仼鏅�(sh铆)鎻愪緵澶氱ó绌洪枔鍜屽嫊(d貌ng)鎱�(t脿i)鐨勫湴鐞嗕俊鎭�锛岀偤鍦扮悊鐮旂┒鍜�
鍦扮悊姹虹瓥鏈嶅嫏(w霉)鑰屽缓绔嬭捣渚嗙殑瑷�(j矛)绠楁(j墨)鎶€琛�(sh霉)绯荤当(t菕ng)銆�
(4)3S 绯荤当(t菕ng)
3S 鎶€琛�(sh霉)鐐虹瀛�(xu茅)鐮旂┒銆佹斂搴滅鐞嗐€佺ぞ鏈�(hu矛)鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鎻愪緵浜嗘柊涓€浠ｇ殑瑙€娓墜娈�銆佹弿杩拌獮瑷€鍜屾€濈董宸ュ叿銆�3S
鐨勭祼(ji茅)鍚堟噳(y墨ng)鐢紝鍙栭暦瑁�(b菙)鐭�锛屾槸涓€鍊�(g猫)鑷劧鐨勭櫦(f膩)灞曡定鍕紝涓夎€呬箣闁撶殑鐩镐簰浣滅敤褰㈡垚浜嗏€滀竴鍊�(g猫)澶ц叇锛屽叐鍙溂鐫涒€�
鐨勬鏋�锛屽嵆 RS 鍜� GPS 鍚� GIS 鎻愪緵鎴栨洿鏂板崁(q奴)鍩熶俊鎭互鍙婄┖闁撳畾浣�锛孏IS 閫�(j矛n)琛岀浉鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勭┖闁撳垎鏋�锛屼互寰�
RS 鍜� GPS 鎻愪緵鐨勬旦濡傜厵娴风殑鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)涓彁鍙栨湁鐢ㄤ俊鎭�锛屽苟閫�(j矛n)琛岀稖鍚堥泦鎴愶紝浣夸箣鎴愮偤姹虹瓥鐨勭瀛�(xu茅)渚濇摎(j霉)銆�
2.涓昏鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�
(1)瀹氫綅
涓昏鍦ㄨ濡傛梾娓搞€佹帰闅�(xi菐n)绛夐渶瑕佸澶栧嫊(d貌ng)鎱�(t脿i)瀹氫綅淇℃伅鐨勬椿鍕�(d貌ng)涓娇鐢�銆傚鏋滀笉鑸� GIS 闆嗘垚锛屽埄鐢� GPS
鎺ユ敹姗�(j墨)鍜岀礄璩�(zh矛)鍦板舰鍦栵紝涔熷彲浠ュ(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)绌洪枔瀹氫綅锛涗絾鏄€氶亷灏� GPS 鎺ユ敹姗�(j墨)閫ｆ帴鍦ㄥ畨瑁� GIS 杌熶欢鍜岃┎鍦板崁(q奴)
绌洪枔鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勪究鏀滃紡瑷�(j矛)绠楁(j墨)涓婏紝鍙互鏂逛究鍦伴’绀� GPS 鎺ユ敹姗�(j墨)鎵€鍦ㄤ綅鑷靛苟瀵�(sh铆)鏅�(sh铆)椤ず鍏堕亱(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)杌岃贰锛岄€�(j矛n)鑰屽彲
浠ュ埄鐢� GIS 鎻愪緵鐨勭┖闁撴绱㈠姛鑳�锛屽緱鍒板畾浣嶉粸(di菐n)鍛ㄥ湇鐨勪俊鎭紝寰炶€屽(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)姹虹瓥鏀寔銆�
(2)娓噺
涓昏鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄤ簬鍦熷湴绠＄悊銆佸煄甯傝(gu墨)鍔冪瓑闋�(l菒ng)鍩燂紝鍒╃敤 GPS 鍜� GIS 鐨勯泦鎴�锛屽彲浠ユ脯閲忓崁(q奴)鍩熺殑闈㈢⿳鎴栬€呰矾
寰戠殑闀峰害銆傝┎閬庣▼椤炰技浜庡埄鐢ㄦ暩(sh霉)瀛楀寲鍎€閫�(j矛n)琛屾暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)閷勫叆锛岄渶瑕佽窡韫ゅ閭婂舰閭婄晫鎴栬矾寰�锛岄噰闆嗘娊妯ｅ悗鐨勯爞
榛�(di菐n)鍧愭(bi膩o)锛屽苟灏囧潗妯�(bi膩o)鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)閫氶亷 GIS 瑷橀寗锛岀劧鍚庤▓(j矛)绠楃浉闂�(gu膩n)鐨勯潰绌嶆垨闀峰害鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)銆�
鍦ㄩ€�(j矛n)琛� GPS 娓噺鏅�(sh铆)锛岃娉ㄦ剰浠ヤ笅涓€浜涘晱椤�锛岄鍏�锛岃纰哄畾 GPS 鐨勫畾浣嶇簿搴︽槸鍚︽豢瓒虫脯閲忕殑绮惧害
瑕佹眰锛屽灏�(du矛)瀹呭熀鍦扮殑娓噺锛岀簿搴﹂渶瑕侀仈(d谩)鍒板帢绫崇礆(j铆)锛岃€岃鍦ㄩ噹澶栨脯閲忎竴鍊�(g猫)杓冨ぇ鍗€(q奴)鍩熺殑闈㈢⿳锛岀背绱�(j铆)鐢氳嚦骞�
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鍙栫殑涓嶅悓锛屾渻(hu矛)褰遍熆鍒版渶鍚庣殑娓噺绲�(ji茅)鏋溿€�
(3)鐩�(ji膩n)鎺у皫(d菐o)鑸�
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鏂囩珷鎼滅储
鎮ㄧ従(xi脿n)鍦ㄧ殑浣嶇疆锛� 
