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鍙嬫儏鎻愮ず锛氭湰绔欐彁渚涘叏鍦�400澶氭墍楂樼瓑闄㈡牎鎷涙敹纰╁＋銆佸崥澹爺绌剁敓鍏ュ(xu茅)鑰冭│姝峰勾鑰冪爺鐪熼銆佽€冨崥鐪熼銆佺瓟妗�锛岄儴鍒嗗(xu茅)鏍℃洿鏂拌嚦2012骞�锛�2013骞�锛涘潎鎻愪緵鏀惰不涓嬭級銆� 涓嬭級娴佺▼锛� 鑰冪爺鐪熼 榛炴搳鈥�鑰冪爺瑭﹀嵎鈥濃€濅笅杓�; 鑰冨崥鐪熼 榛炴搳鈥�鑰冨崥瑭﹀嵎搴�鈥� 涓嬭級
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825锛圓 鍗凤級绗� 1 闋�锛屽叡 4 闋�
瀹夊窘宸ユキ(y猫)澶у(xu茅) 2016 骞寸ⅸ澹爺绌剁敓鎷涚敓灏堟キ(y猫)鍩虹(ch菙)瑾茶│鍗凤紙A 鍗凤級
绉戠洰鍚嶇ū锛� 鏈夋(j墨)鍖栧(xu茅) 绉戠洰浠ｇ⒓锛� 825 婊垮垎锛� 150 鍒�
鑰冪敓璜嬫敞鎰忥細鎵€鏈夌瓟妗堝繀闋堝鍦ㄧ瓟椤岀礄涓�锛屽仛鍦ㄨ│椤岀礄鎴栬€呰崏绋跨礄涓婄殑涓€寰嬬劇鏁�锛�
涓€銆� 鍛藉悕鎴�?q奴)鎳楅笨閾濊阿顕閿忔厱Y(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)寮忥紙姣忛 2 鍒�锛屽叡 20 鍒嗭級
1銆�
CH3CH2CHCH2OH
Cl 6銆佺敳鍩虹挵(hu谩n)宸辩兎
2銆� BrCH2CH2Br
7銆佸皪鐢插熀鑻厷
3銆�
H2C C C
H
CH2
CH3
8銆�4-姘敳鑻�
4銆�
H3C CH3
CHO
9銆佺挵(hu谩n)姘т箼鐑�
5銆�
O O
10銆佷簩鑻敳閰�
浜�銆佸畬鎴愪笅鍒楀寲瀛�(xu茅)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛屽晱铏熶綅缃鍑虹浉鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勫弽鎳�(y墨ng)姊濅欢鍜岀祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)寮忥紙姣忕┖ 2 鍒�锛屽叡 40 鍒嗭級
1銆�
OH
MeI
O
COOH
CH3
MeOH
婵僅2SO4K2CO3
??
KMnO4
鍚″暥
2銆�
(CH3)2C CH2
1)B2H6
2)H2O2,OH- ?
3銆�
CHO + MgBr
1)骞查啔
2) H+
/H2O
?
4銆�
CHO2
婵僋aOH
? ?
5銆�
CH2
HBr Mg
骞查啔H2O2
? ?
6銆� 锛� NaCNNBS
鈻�
CH3CH=CHBr NaBr
锛�
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825锛圓 鍗凤級绗� 2 闋侊紝鍏� 4 闋�
7銆�
? ?NH3
Br2 + NaOH
C COOH
H
CH3
CH3CH2
SOCl2 C CONH2
H
CH3
CH3CH2
8銆�
CH3CH=CHCHO LiAlH4
锛�
9銆� AlCl3 AlCl3
CH3CH2BrClCH2CH(CH3)2
? ?
10銆�
CH3 CH3
NO2
CH3
NHCOCH3
CH3
NHCOCH3
CH3
N2
+
HSO4
-
CH3
NO2 NO2
NH2
CH3
F
Fe/HCl (CH3CO)2O HNO3/H2SO4
H+
/H2O NaNO2/H2SO4 H3PO2/H2O
Fe/HCl NaNO2/HBF4
锛� 锛�
锛� 锛�
锛�
涓�銆佸柈闋呴伕鎿囧～绌洪锛堟瘡灏忛 3 鍒嗭紝鍏� 30 鍒嗭級
1銆佷笅鍒楁渶绌�(w臎n)瀹氱殑纰虫闆㈠瓙鐐猴細( )銆�
(A) (C)(B) (D)CH2CH=CH3 CH3CHCH3 CH3CH2CH2 CH3CH=CH
2銆佹寜 SN1 鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)姝风▼鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)閫熺巼鏈€蹇殑鐐猴細( )銆�
(D) CH3CH2Br(A) CH3CH2CH2CH2Br (B) CH3CH2CHBr
CH3
(C) CH3CBr
CH3
CH3
3銆佷笅鍒楅沟鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)閫熺巼鏈€寮�(qi谩ng)鐨勬槸锛�( )銆�
(A) 鑻� (B)涔欏熀鑻� (C)纭濆熀鑻� (D) 姘嫰
4銆佷笅鍒楃墿璩�(zh矛)閰告€ф渶寮�(qi谩ng)鐨勬槸锛�( )銆�
(A) 灏嶅彅涓佸熀鑻敳閰� (B)灏嶇敳姘у熀鑻敳閰� (C)灏嶇敳鍩鸿嫰鐢查吀 (D)灏嶇鍩鸿嫰鐢查吀
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825锛圓 鍗凤級绗� 3 闋侊紝鍏� 4 闋�
5銆佷笅鍒楃墿璩�(zh矛)鍫挎€ф渶寮�(qi谩ng)鐨勬槸锛�( )銆�
NH3
NH2
(A) (C)(B) (D)
NH2
NHCOCH2CH3
6銆佷笅鍒楄姵棣欏寲鍚堢墿瑕浕鍙栦唬鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勬椿鎬ч爢搴忔槸锛氾紙 锛夈€�
NO2
CO O H
ClO Me
鈶� 鈶� 鈶� 鈶�
(A) 鈶�>鈶�>鈶�>鈶� (B) 鈶�>鈶�>鈶�>鈶� (C) 鈶�>鈶�>鈶�>鈶� (D) 鈶�>鈶�>鈶�>鈶�
7銆丏-(卤)-涔抽吀涓€溌扁€濊〃绀猴細锛� 锛夈€�
(A)宸︽棆 (B)鍙虫棆 (C)姝ｅ弽寮� (D) 澶栨秷鏃�
8銆佷笅鍒楀寲鍚堢墿妲�(g貌u)鍨嬬偤 S 鐨勬槸 锛� 锛�銆�
(A)
Cl
H
CH2CH3
CHCH2
(B) CH3
H
HO CHO
(C)
BrH
CH2CH3
CH(CH3)2
(D)
C H 3
H N H 2
C 6H 5
9銆佷笅鍒楅唶鑸囬噾灞� Na 浣滅敤锛屽弽鎳�(y墨ng)娲绘€ф渶澶х殑鐐� ( )銆�
(A)姝ｄ笝閱� (B)鐢查唶 (C)鐣颁笝閱� (D)鍙斾竵閱�
10銆佷笅鍒楀寲鍚堢墿涓嶈兘浣夸笁姘寲閻垫憾娑查’鑹茬殑鏄細锛� 锛�銆�
(A)鑻厷 (B)閯扮茎鍩鸿嫰鐢查吀 (C)涔欓叞涔欓吀涔欓叝 (D)涔欓唶
鍥�銆佺敤绨′究鐨勫寲瀛�(xu茅)鏂规硶閼掑垾涓嬪垪鍚勭祫鍖栧悎鐗� (姣忓皬椤� 5 鍒嗭紝鍏� 10 鍒�)
1銆丄锛庤嫰鐢查啗 B. 鑻箼閰� C. 鑻厷
2銆丄.鐢茶兒 B.浜岀敳鑳� C.涓夌敳鑳�
浜�銆佸悎鎴愰锛堟湰澶ч鍏� 3 灏忛锛屽叡 25 鍒嗭級
1銆佺敱鑻偤鍘熸枡鍚堟垚锛�
ClCl
Cl 锛�8 鍒嗭級
2銆佷互涔欓啗鍜屼箼閱囩偤鍘熸枡鍚堟垚锛堢劇姗�(j墨)瑭﹀姂浠婚伕锛夛細 CH 3CH CH COO C2H5 锛�8 鍒嗭級
3銆佷互鐢茶嫰鐐哄師鏂欙紙鍏跺畠瑭﹀姂浠婚伕锛夊悎鎴愶細
CH3
Br Br 锛�9 鍒嗭級
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825锛圓 鍗凤級绗� 4 闋�锛屽叡 4 闋�
鍏�銆佸弽鎳�(y墨ng)姗�(j墨)鐞嗛锛堟湰澶ч鍏� 2 灏忛锛屽叡 15 鍒嗭級
1銆佷笝鐑彲浠ヨ垏婧村弽鎳�(y墨ng)鍚堟垚 1,2-浜屾捍涓欑兎锛氾紙5 鍒嗭級
锛�1锛� 浠ヤ笂鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)灞簬鏈夋(j墨)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)涓摢绋鍨�锛燂紙2 鍒嗭級
锛�2锛� 瀵嚭鍏烽珨鐨勫弽鎳�(y墨ng)姗�(j墨)鐞�銆傦紙3 鍒嗭級
2銆佸鍑轰笅鍒楀弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勫弽鎳�(y墨ng)姗�(j墨)鐞嗭細锛�10 鍒嗭級
OH OH O
H+
涓�銆佸椹楅(鏈ぇ椤屽叡 3 灏忛锛屽叡 10 鍒�)
瀵﹂瀹や互鐠�(hu谩n)宸遍唶鐐哄師鏂欏埗鍌欑挵(hu谩n)宸辩儻銆�
瀵﹂姝ヨ仛锛氬湪骞茬嚗鐨勫湏搴曠噿鐡朵腑锛屽姞鍏ョ挵(hu谩n)宸辩儻銆佹績纾烽吀鍜屽咕绮掓哺鐭�锛屽厖鍒嗘悥鍕汇€�
鍒嗛ぞ鎺у埗鍔犵啽閫熷害浣垮垎椁炬煴涓婄鐨勬韩搴︿笉瑕佽秴閬� 73鈩冿紝鐣�(d膩ng)婧害瑷堝埌閬�(d谩) 85鈩�锛屽仠姝㈠垎椁�銆�
灏囬ぞ鍑烘恫鍒嗘恫锛屾湁姗�(j墨)灞ょ敤绛夐珨绌嶇殑椋藉拰椋熼菇姘存礂婊�锛岀劇姘存隘鍖栭垼骞茬嚗锛屾按娴村姞鐔辫捀椁�锛�
鏀堕泦 80锝�85鈩冪殑椁惧垎銆�
宸茬煡鐠�(hu谩n)宸辩儻寰憾浜庢按锛岀挵(hu谩n)宸辩儻鍜岀挵(hu谩n)宸遍唶鍒嗗垾鍙垏姘村彲褰㈡垚浜屽厓鍏辨哺鐗�锛屽叡娌哥墿鐨�
娌搁粸鍜岀祫鎴愯涓嬭〃銆�
璜嬪晱锛�
1銆佹湰瀵﹂閬哥敤婵冪７閰哥殑浣滅敤鏄粈涔堬紵鑳界敤鍏跺畠浠€涔堥吀鏇夸唬?锛�4 鍒嗭級
2銆佷互涓婂悎鎴愮挵(hu谩n)宸辩儻灞簬浠€涔堥鍨嬫湁姗�(j墨)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛熷悎鎴愬椹楃偤浠€涔堥噰鐢ㄥ垎椁捐缃紵锛�4 鍒嗭級
3銆佸弽鎳�(y墨ng)楂旂郴涓姞鍏ユ哺鐭崇殑鐩殑鏄粈涔�锛� 锛�2 鍒嗭級
锛堣│椤屽畬锛�
鍖栧悎鐗� 娌搁粸/鈩� 鍏辨哺榛�/鈩�
绲勬垚%(璩�(zh矛)閲忓垎?j菒n)?sh霉))
鐠�(hu谩n)宸辩儻 83.3
70.8
90
姘� 100 10
鐠�(hu谩n)宸遍唶 161.5
97.8
20
姘� 100 80
鍏嶈铂(z茅)鑱叉槑锛氭湰鏂囩郴杞�(zhu菐n)杓夎嚜缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)锛屽鏈変镜鐘�锛岃珛鑱�(li谩n)绯绘垜鍊戠珛鍗冲埅闄�锛屽彟锛氭湰鏂囧儏浠ｈ〃浣滆€呭€嬩汉瑙€榛烇紝鑸囨湰缍�(w菐ng)绔欑劇闂�(gu膩n)銆傚叾鍘熷壍(chu脿ng)鎬т互鍙婃枃涓櫝杩版枃瀛楀拰鍏�(n猫i)瀹规湭缍�(j墨ng)鏈珯璀夊锛屽皪鏈枃浠ュ強鍏朵腑鍏ㄩ儴鎴栬€呴儴鍒嗗収(n猫i)瀹广€佹枃瀛楃殑鐪熷鎬�銆佸畬鏁存€с€佸強鏅傛€ф湰绔欎笉浣滀换浣曚繚璀夋垨鎵胯锛岃珛璁€鑰呭儏浣滃弮鑰�锛屽苟璜嬭嚜琛屾牳瀵︾浉闂�(gu膩n)鍏�(n猫i)瀹�銆�
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鎮ㄧ従(xi脿n)鍦ㄧ殑浣嶇疆锛� 
