|
鍙嬫儏鎻愮ず锛氭湰绔欐彁渚涘叏鍦�400澶氭墍楂樼瓑闄㈡牎鎷涙敹纰╁＋銆佸崥澹爺绌剁敓鍏ュ(xu茅)鑰冭│姝峰勾鑰冪爺鐪熼銆佽€冨崥鐪熼銆佺瓟妗堬紝閮ㄥ垎瀛�(xu茅)鏍℃洿鏂拌嚦2012骞�锛�2013骞�锛涘潎鎻愪緵鏀惰不(f猫i)涓嬭級銆� 涓嬭級娴佺▼锛� 鑰冪爺鐪熼 榛炴搳鈥�鑰冪爺瑭﹀嵎鈥濃€濅笅杓�; 鑰冨崥鐪熼 榛炴搳鈥�鑰冨崥瑭﹀嵎搴�鈥� 涓嬭級
绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍖栧(xu茅)鑰冨崥澶х侗
涓€銆�鑰冨崥澶х侗渚濇摎(j霉)
(1)涓昏渚濇摎(j霉)鍛ㄥ叕搴� 娈甸€ｉ亱(y霉n)绶ㄨ憲銆婄祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍖栧(xu茅)鍩虹(ch菙)銆嬶紙鍖椾含澶у(xu茅)鍑虹増绀撅紤锛欙紮4 骞寸浜岀増锛夈€�(2)
鍙冭€冩綐閬撶殮绛夌法銆婄墿璩�(zh矛)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆嬶紙楂樻暀鍑虹増绀� 1989 骞寸浜岀増锛�銆�(3)涓彲浜烘皯鍏卞拰鍦嬪湅瀹舵(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)
GB31028 鐗╃悊鍖栧(xu茅)鍜屽垎瀛愮墿鐞嗗(xu茅)鐨勯噺鍜屽柈浣嶃€�
浜�銆佽€冭│鐩(bi膩o)
鑰冭│鐩(bi膩o)鍒嗙偤锛�
锛°€佽獚(r猫n)鐭ヨ垏瑷樻喍锛氬皪绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍖栧(xu茅)涓殑鍩烘湰姒傚康銆佸畾缇�銆佸熀鏈畾寰嬨€佸畾鐞�銆佺悊璜栧強閲嶈鍏紡鐨勯噸
鐝�(xi脿n)鑸囧京(f霉)杩�銆�
锛€€佺悊瑙ｈ垏鍒ゆ柗锛氭簴(zh菙n)纰虹悊瑙ｇ祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍖栧(xu茅)鐨勫熀鏈蹇�銆佸熀鏈畾寰嬨€侀噸瑕佸叕寮忓拰鐞嗚珫銆�
锛�銆佹帉鎻¤垏鎳�(y墨ng)鐢細 锛�1锛夋帉鎻＄祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍖栧(xu茅)鍩烘湰姒傚康銆佸熀鏈師鐞�锛屽苟鑳借В姹哄拰璜栬瓑绲﹀畾姊濅欢涓嬬殑
绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍖栧(xu茅)鍟忛锛涳紙2锛� 鐔熺反閬�(y霉n)鐢ㄧ祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍖栧(xu茅)閲嶈鍏紡閫�(j矛n)琛屾湁闂�(gu膩n)瑷堢畻锛涳紙3锛� 鑳藉緸绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍖栧(xu茅)鐨勫熀鏈�
鍏紡銆佸亣瀹氬嚭鐧�(f膩)锛屾帹灏�(d菐o)鍑烘墍瑕佺殑闂�(gu膩n)绯诲紡锛�
锛�銆佸垎鏋愬拰缍滃悎锛氭帉鎻＄祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍖栧(xu茅)鍚勯儴鍒嗙煡璀樹箣闁撶殑鍏�(n猫i)鍦ㄨ伅(li谩n)绯伙紝骞惰兘鐢ㄤ簬瑙ｆ焙鏌愪簺鍏烽珨鍟忛銆�
涓�銆� 鑰冭│鏂瑰紡鍜岃│鍗�
1. 鑰冭│鏂规硶锛氭浉闈㈢瓎绛斿舰寮�锛屾豢鍒� 100 鍒�锛岃€冭│鏅傞枔鐐� 180 鍒嗛悩
锛掞紟瑭﹀嵎 瑭﹀嵎鍒嗙偤绨＄瓟椤屽拰瑷堢畻椤屽叐澶ч儴鍒�锛�銆� 绨＄瓟椤屾脯瑭﹁€冪敓鍒╃敤绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍖栧(xu茅)鍩烘湰鐭ヨ瓨銆�
鍩烘湰姒傚康銆佸熀鏈畾寰�銆佸熀鏈悊璜栬В閲嬪寲鍚堢墿绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鑸囨€ц兘鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯�锛岋紙鏈儴鍒嗗崰鍒嗕笉浣庝簬 40 鍒嗭級銆�
瑷堢畻椤岃€冩煡鑰冪敓缍滃悎鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄧ煡璀�锛屽垎鏋愩€佽▓绠楀拰瑙ｆ焙鍟忛鐨勮兘鍔涘強閭忚集鎺ㄧ悊鑳藉姏绛�銆�
鍥涖€佽€冭│鑼冨湇
鐭ヨ瓨鑰冮粸
涓€銆侀噺瀛愬姏瀛�(xu茅)鍩虹(ch菙)鍜屽師瀛愮祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
娉㈢矑浜岃薄鎬�锛� 涓嶇⒑瀹氶棞(gu膩n)绯伙紝鐗╄唱(zh矛)娉㈢殑骞剧巼瑙ｉ噵锛� 娉㈠嚱鏁�(sh霉)锛堥噺瀛愬姏瀛�(xu茅)鍋囧畾锛夋€ц唱(zh矛)锛屽悎鏍煎寲姊�
浠�锛屽咕鐜�銆佸咕鐜囧瘑搴︾殑琛ㄩ仈(d谩)寮忓強鐗╃悊鎰忕京锛涘畾鎱�(t脿i)钖涘畾璜ゆ柟绋嬶紝绠楃鍖栬(gu墨)鍓�,甯歌鐗╃悊閲忕畻绗�
褰㈠紡锛岀畻绗︾殑鏈緛鍊�銆佹湰寰佸€煎嚱鏁�(sh霉)鍙婃柟绋�锛岄噺瀛愬姏瀛�(xu茅)骞冲潎鍊肩殑姒傚康鍙婃噳(y墨ng)鐢�锛� 涓€缍嫝绠辫枦瀹�
璜ゆ柟绋嬬殑瀵嚭銆佹眰瑙ｉ亷绋�锛涙矮鍘熷瓙钖涘畾璜ゆ柟绋嬬殑瑙�锛� 鑳界礆琛ㄩ仈(d谩)寮忓強 閲忓瓙鏁�(sh霉) n銆乴銆乵 鐨勭墿鐞�
鎰忕京鍙婄浉浜掗棞(gu膩n)绯�锛涘闆诲瓙鍘熷瓙楂旂郴涓浕瀛愮崹绔嬮亱(y霉n)鍕曟ā鍨嬶紝涓績鍔涘牬杩戜技銆丮O 姒傚康锛� 瀹屽叏娉�
鍑芥暩(sh霉)娲壒瑕�(gu墨)鍓囷紱澶氶浕瀛愬師瀛愬熀绲勬厠(t脿i)鍙婂熀璀滈爡鐨勭⒑瀹�銆�
浜�銆佸叡鍍归嵉鐞嗚珫鍜屽垎瀛愮祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
璁婂垎鍘熺悊锛岀窔鎬ц畩鍒嗘硶锛汬2
+
涓夊€嬬⿳鍒嗗強鍏剁墿鐞嗘剰缇�锛� MO 姒傚康锛� LCAO-MO 鍘熷墖锛涢洐鍘熷瓙鍒�
瀛愮殑杞�(zhu菐n)鍕曞厜璀�锛岄洐鍘熷瓙鍒嗗瓙鐨勬尟鍕曞厜璀滐紙鎸綁(zhu菐n)鍏夎瓬涓嶈€冿級锛岄洐鍘熷瓙鍒嗗瓙鐨勯浕瀛愮祫鎱�(t脿i)銆佽兘绱氥€�
MO 鍦栧舰銆侀嵉绱氥€侀嵉闀�銆侀嵉鍨�锛涢洔鍖栬粚閬撴蹇�銆佹€ц唱(zh矛)銆佷互鍙婁笁鍘熷墖锛涘鍘熷瓙鍒嗗瓙瀹氬煙 MO銆侀洟
鍩� MO锛汬MO 娉曠殑鍩烘湰鍋囧畾銆佷箙鏈熸柟绋�銆侀洟鍩熛€ 閸靛垎瀛愮殑 HMO 铏曠悊杌岄亾鑳姐€� 閸佃兘銆� 闆㈠煙鑳�锛�
鍒嗗瓙鍦栧悇闋呮剰缇╁強瑷堢畻锛涢洟鍩熛€ 閸电殑褰㈡垚姊濅欢鍙婇鍨嬶紝缂洪浕瀛愬垎瀛愬拰澶氫腑蹇冮嵉锛涘垎瀛愯粚閬撳皪
绋卞畧鎭掑師鐞�锛屽墠绶氳粚閬撶悊璜�锛岄浕鐠�(hu谩n)鍚堝弽鎳�(y墨ng)瑕�(gu墨)寰嬭垏姗�(j墨)鐞嗭紱灏嶇ū鍏冪礌銆佸皪绋辨搷浣�锛屽垽鏂风啊鍠垎瀛�
鎵€灞粸缇�锛屽皪绋辨€ц垏鍒嗗瓙鐗╃悊鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛屽寘鎷垎瀛愬伓妤电煩銆佹棆鍏夋€х殑鍒ゆ柗銆�
涓� 閰嶄綅鍫寸悊璜栬垏閰嶅悎鐗╃祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
鏅堕珨鍫寸悊璜栫殑鍩烘湰鎬濇兂锛屽垎瑁傝兘鍙婂皪閰嶅悎鐗╂€ц唱(zh矛)鐨勮В閲�锛孋FSE 姒傚康銆佽▓绠楀強鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�锛屽-澶嫆
鏁堟噳(y墨ng)銆侀厤鍚堢墿鐣歌畩瑕�(gu墨)寰嬶紱閰嶄綅鍫寸悊璜栫殑鍩烘湰鎬濇兂锛孧O 娉曞皪閰嶅悎鐗╃殑鎳�(y墨ng)鐢紝蟺 閸电殑褰㈡垚锛屽皪
鍏夎瓬鍖栧(xu茅)搴忓垪鐨勮В閲�锛岀景鍩洪厤鍚堢墿鐨勯厤浣嶅牬铏曠悊銆�
鍥� 鏅堕珨绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
鏅堕珨鐨勭壒寰�锛屾櫠楂旂殑榛為櫍绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛屾櫠鑳炲強鍘熷瓙鍒�?j菒n)?sh霉)鍧愭(bi膩o)锛屾櫠鑳炲弮鏁�(sh霉)锛屾櫠闈㈡寚妯�(bi膩o) 鏅堕潰闁撹窛锛涙櫠
楂旂殑灏嶇ū鎬�锛屾櫠绯汇€佺┖闁撻粸闄ｅ瀷寮忥紙鍏朵綑涓嶄綔瑕佹眰锛�锛屽嫗鍩冩柟绋�,甯冩媺鏍兼柟绋�,琛嶅皠鎸囨(bi膩o)锛涚祼(ji茅)
妲�(g貌u)鍥犲瓙,绯荤当(t菕ng)娑堝厜,娑堝厜姊濅欢锛沊-灏勭窔绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍒嗘瀽鏂规硶銆�
鍏嶈铂(z茅)鑱叉槑锛氭湰鏂囩郴杞�(zhu菐n)杓夎嚜缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)锛屽鏈変镜鐘�锛岃珛鑱�(li谩n)绯绘垜鍊戠珛鍗冲埅闄�锛屽彟锛氭湰鏂囧儏浠ｈ〃浣滆€呭€嬩汉瑙€榛�锛岃垏鏈恫(w菐ng)绔欑劇闂�(gu膩n)銆傚叾鍘熷壍(chu脿ng)鎬т互鍙婃枃涓櫝杩版枃瀛楀拰鍏�(n猫i)瀹规湭缍�(j墨ng)鏈珯璀夊锛屽皪鏈枃浠ュ強鍏朵腑鍏ㄩ儴鎴栬€呴儴鍒嗗収(n猫i)瀹广€佹枃瀛楃殑鐪熷鎬�銆佸畬鏁存€с€佸強鏅傛€ф湰绔欎笉浣滀换浣曚繚璀夋垨鎵胯锛岃珛璁€鑰呭儏浣滃弮鑰�锛屽苟璜嬭嚜琛屾牳瀵︾浉闂�(gu膩n)鍏�(n猫i)瀹广€�
|
鏂囩珷鎼滅储
鎮ㄧ従(xi脿n)鍦ㄧ殑浣嶇疆锛� 
