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(涓€) 寰敓鐗╁鍩烘湰姒傚康鍜屾剰缇�
1. 寰敓鐗╁瀹氱京
2. 寰敓鐗╃殑澶氭ǎ鎬у拰閲嶈椤炵兢
3. 寰敓鐗╁鐨勭櫦(f膩)灞曢亷绋嬨€侀噸瑕佷簨浠跺拰浜虹墿
4. 寰敓鐗╃殑閲嶈浣滅敤
(浜�) 寰敓鐗╃殑绱斿煿椁�(y菐ng)鍜岄’寰妧琛�
1. 鐒¤弻鎶€琛�
2. 寰敓鐗╁垎闆㈢磾鍖栫殑鏂规硶
3. 鍠厠闅嗚弻钀借垏鑿岃惤褰㈡垚鍠綅
3. 浜屽厓鍩归(y菐ng)
4. 椤井閺′笅寰敓鐗╃窗鑳炵殑涓昏褰㈡厠(t脿i)
锛堜笁锛夊井鐢熺墿绱拌優鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鑸囧姛鑳�
1. 鍘熸牳鐢熺墿鐨勫畾缇�銆侀棞閸靛収(n猫i)娑靛強鍏惰垏鐪熸牳鐢熺墿鐨勬湰璩�(zh矛)宸暟
2. 鍘熸牳鐢熺墿鐨勭窗鑳炵祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鑸囧姛鑳�
3. 鍘熸牳鐢熺墿鐨勫垎椤炶垏閼掑畾
4. 鍘熸牳鐢熺墿鐨勭墿绋妯ｆ€�: 绱拌弻(Bacteria)鍜屽彜鑿�(Archaea)
5. 鐪熸牳鐢熺墿鐨勫畾缇┿€侀棞閸靛収(n猫i)娑靛強鍏惰垏鍘熸牳鐢熺墿鐨勬湰璩�(zh矛)宸暟
6. 鐪熸牳寰敓鐗╃殑绱拌優绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鑸囧姛鑳�
7. 鐪熻弻鐨勪富瑕侀缇わ細閰垫瘝鑿�銆侀湁鑿�銆佽晥鑿�
(鍥�) 寰敓鐗╃殑鐕熼(y菐ng)
1. 鐕熼(y菐ng)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鍙婄敓鐞嗗姛鑳�
2. 寰敓鐗╃殑鐕熼(y菐ng)椤炲瀷
3. 鍩归(y菐ng)鍩虹殑椤炲瀷鑸囬厤鍒�
4. 鐕熼(y菐ng)鐗╄唱(zh矛)閫蹭汉绱拌優鐨勬柟寮�
锛堜簲锛夊井鐢熺墿鐨勪唬璎�
1銆佸垎瑙ｄ唬璎濊垏鍚堟垚浠ｈ瑵
2銆佸井鐢熺墿鐨勭敘(ch菐n)鑳戒唬璎濋€斿緫鑸囨柟寮�
3. 寰敓鐗╀唬璎濈殑瑾�(di脿o)鎺�
4. 娆＄礆浠ｈ瑵鍙婃绱氫唬璎濈敘(ch菐n)鐗�
5. 浠ｈ瑵瑾�(di脿o)鎺ц垏宸ユキ(y猫)鐧�(f膩)閰�
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1. 绱拌弻鐨勫€嬮珨鐢熼暦鑸囧垎瑁�
2. 绱拌弻鐨勭兢楂旂敓闀峰強瑕�(gu墨)寰�
3. 鍚屾鍩归(y菐ng)鑸囬€ｇ簩(x霉)鍩归(y菐ng)
4. 绲茬媭鐪熻弻鍜岄叺姣嶈弻鐨勭敓闀�
5. 鐗╁寲姊濅欢灏嶅井鐢熺墿鐢熼暦鐨勫奖闊�
6. 褰遍熆寰敓鐗╃敓闀风殑鐗╁寲鍥犵礌
锛堜竷锛夌梾姣�
1. 鐥呮瘨鍜屼簽鐥呮瘨鐨勭壒榛炲拰瀹氱京
2. 鐥呮瘨鐨勫垎椤炲拰鍛藉悕
3. 鐥呮瘨鐨勫涓昏寖鍦嶈垏姣掔矑鐨勬€ц唱(zh矛)
4. 鐥呮瘨鐨勫煿椁�(y菐ng)鍜岀磾鍖�
5. 鐥呮瘨鐨勫京鍒�
6. 椤炵梾姣�銆佹摤鐥呮瘨鍜屾湂鐥呮瘨
7. 閲嶈鐥呮瘨鐢熺墿瀛哥壒鎬у強鐮旂┒鏂规硶
锛堝叓锛夊井鐢熺墿閬哄偝
1. 寰敓鐗╅伜鍌宠畩鐣扮殑鐗╄唱(zh矛)鍩虹
2. 璩�(zh矛)绮掑強杞�(zhu菐n)搴у洜瀛�
3. 寰敓鐗╁熀鍥犵殑琛ㄩ仈鍙婅(di脿o)鎺�
4. 寰敓鐗╁熀鍥犵獊璁婅垏淇京
5. 鍩哄洜宸ョ▼鍘熺悊鍙婃妧琛�
6. 寰敓鐗╄獦璁婅偛绋�
锛堜節锛夊井鐢熺墿鍩哄洜琛ㄩ仈鐨勮(di脿o)鎺�
1. 寰敓鐗╄綁(zhu菐n)閷勬按骞崇殑瑾�(di脿o)鎺ф柟寮�
2. 寰敓鐗╄綁(zhu菐n)閷勫悗鐨勮(di脿o)鎺�
3. 鍙ょ敓鑿岀殑杞�(zhu菐n)閷勮垏瑾�(di脿o)鎺�
锛堝崄锛夊井鐢熺墿鑸囧熀鍥犲伐绋�
1. 鍩哄洜宸ョ▼
2. 鍩哄洜鐨勫垎闆€€佸悎鎴�銆佽獦璁婂拰鎿村
3. 鍏嬮殕杓夐珨鑸囧伐鍏烽叾
4. 澶栨簮鍩哄洜閫蹭汉绱拌優
5. 鍩哄洜鐨勮〃閬旇垏绡╅伕
6. 鍩哄洜宸ョ▼鐨勬噳鐢�
锛堝崄涓€锛夊井鐢熺墿鐨勭敓鎱�(t脿i)
1. 鐠�(hu谩n)澧冧腑鐨勫井鐢熺墿鍙婄浉浜掗棞绯�
2. 寰敓鐗╁湪鐢熸厠(t脿i)绯荤当(t菕ng)涓殑浣滅敤
3. 浜洪珨寰敓鐗╁強鍔熻兘
4. 寰敓鐗╁湪鐠�(hu谩n)澧冧繚璀蜂腑鐨勪綔鐢�
锛堝崄浜岋級寰敓鐗╃殑閫插寲銆佺郴绲�(t菕ng)鐧�(f膩)鑲插拰鍒嗛閼掑畾
1. 寰敓鐗╅€插寲鐨勬寚寰�
2. 绱拌弻鑸囩湡鑿岀殑鍒嗛
3. 寰敓鐗╁垎椤為憭瀹氱殑鐗瑰緛鑸囪嚜鍕曞寲鎶€琛�
锛堝崄涓夛級鎰熸煋鑸囧厤鐤�
1. 鎰熸煋
2. 闈炵壒鐣版€у厤鐤�
3. 鐗圭暟鎬у厤鐤�
4. B 鍜� T 绱拌優浠嬪皫鍏嶇柅鐨勯亷绋�
5. 鍏嶇柅瀛哥殑瀵﹂殯鎰忕京
缍滃悎鎬у収(n猫i)瀹�
1. 寰敓鐗╄垏鐠�(hu谩n)澧冧繚璀�
2. 寰敓鐗╄垏鎴戝€戠殑鐢熸椿
3. 寰敓鐗╄垏浜恒€佸嫊鐗╁拰妞嶇墿鐨勭浉浜掍綔鐢�
4. 鐩婄敓鑿岋紙寰敓鎱�(t脿i)鍒跺姂锛夌殑浣滅敤閫斿緫鑸囨鐞�
涓昏鍙冭€冩浉鐩�:
1. 娌堣悕 闄冲悜鏉� 寰敓鐗╁(褰╃増)锛屽寳浜�: 楂樼瓑鏁欒偛鍑虹増绀�, 2009.8
鍏嶈铂鑱叉槑锛氭湰鏂囩郴杞�(zhu菐n)杓夎嚜缍�(w菐ng)绲�锛屽鏈変镜鐘�锛岃珛鑱�(li谩n)绯绘垜鍊戠珛鍗冲埅闄�锛屽彟锛氭湰鏂囧儏浠ｈ〃浣滆€呭€嬩汉瑙€榛�锛岃垏鏈恫(w菐ng)绔欑劇闂溿€傚叾鍘熷壍(chu脿ng)鎬т互鍙婃枃涓櫝杩版枃瀛楀拰鍏�(n猫i)瀹规湭缍�(j墨ng)鏈珯璀夊锛屽皪鏈枃浠ュ強鍏朵腑鍏ㄩ儴鎴栬€呴儴鍒嗗収(n猫i)瀹�銆佹枃瀛楃殑鐪熷鎬�銆佸畬鏁存€с€佸強鏅傛€ф湰绔欎笉浣滀换浣曚繚璀夋垨鎵胯锛岃珛璁€鑰呭儏浣滃弮鑰冿紝骞惰珛鑷鏍稿鐩搁棞鍏�(n猫i)瀹�銆�
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鎮ㄧ従(xi脿n)鍦ㄧ殑浣嶇疆锛� 
