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鍙嬫儏鎻愮ず锛氭湰绔欐彁渚涘叏鍦�400澶氭墍楂樼瓑闄㈡牎鎷涙敹纰╁＋銆佸崥澹爺绌剁敓鍏ュ(xu茅)鑰冭│姝峰勾鑰冪爺鐪熼銆佽€冨崥鐪熼銆佺瓟妗堬紝閮ㄥ垎瀛�(xu茅)鏍℃洿鏂拌嚦2012骞�锛�2013骞达紱鍧囨彁渚涙敹璨�(f猫i)涓嬭級銆� 涓嬭級娴佺▼锛� 鑰冪爺鐪熼 榛�(di菐n)鎿娾€�鑰冪爺瑭﹀嵎鈥濃€濅笅杓�; 鑰冨崥鐪熼 榛�(di菐n)鎿娾€�鑰冨崥瑭﹀嵎搴�鈥� 涓嬭級
鍖椾含鏋楁キ(y猫)澶у(xu茅)
銆婇伜鍌冲(xu茅)銆�鑰冪爺澶х侗
锛�2016 骞达級
涓€銆� 鑰冪爺澶х侗缍滆堪
銆婇伜鍌冲(xu茅)銆嬫槸鐮旂┒鐢熺墿閬哄偝鑸囪畩鐣板強鍏惰(gu墨)寰嬫€х殑绉戝(xu茅)锛屾槸鏋楁湪閬哄偝鑲茬ó瀛�(xu茅)绉戝叆瀛�(xu茅)鑰冭│涓�
骞茶€冭│绉戠洰銆傞€氶亷鎺屾彙鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｉ伜鍌冲(xu茅)鐨勪富瑕佸師鐞嗕娇瀛�(xu茅)鐢熺悊瑙ｆ鐗╀富瑕佺稉(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)鎬х媭閬哄偝鍜岃畩鐣扮殑鍩�
鏈(gu墨)寰嬪拰鍒嗗瓙姗�(j墨)鐞�锛岀偤浠婂悗寰炰簨妞嶇墿閬哄偝鑸囪偛绋爺绌舵墦涓嬪熀绀�(ch菙)銆�
鐐轰簡骞姪鑰冪敓浜嗚В銆婇伜鍌冲(xu茅)銆嬭绋嬬殑涓昏鐭ヨ瓨榛�(di菐n)鍜屽京(f霉)缈�(x铆)鑼冨湇鍙婂牨鑰冪殑鏈夐棞(gu膩n)瑕佹眰锛岀壒鍒跺畾
鏈�鑰冪爺澶х侗銆�
浜屻€� 鑰冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
1. 绶掕珫
(1) 閬哄偝瀛�(xu茅)鐨勫熀鏈蹇靛強鍏剁敘(ch菐n)鐢熻垏鐧�(f膩)灞曟绋�銆�
(2) 閬哄偝瀛�(xu茅)鐨勪富瑕佺爺绌跺収(n猫i)瀹硅垏浠诲嫏(w霉)銆�
(3) 閬哄偝瀛�(xu茅)鍦ㄨ静(n贸ng)鏋楁キ(y猫)鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鍜岀爺绌朵腑鐨勬噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄥ児鍊煎拰鐧�(f膩)灞曡定鍕�銆�
2. 閬哄偝鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勫垎瀛愬熀绀�(ch菙)
(1) 閬哄偝鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勮瓑鎿�(j霉)銆�
(2) 閬哄偝鐗╄唱(zh矛) DNA 鍜� RNA 鍙婂叾鍒嗗瓙绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆�
(3) 鍘熸牳鐢熺墿鍜岀湡鏍哥敓鐗� DNA 鐨勫悎鎴愰亷绋嬪強鐗归粸(di菐n)銆�
(4) RNA 鐨勮綁(zhu菐n)閷勫強鍔犲伐锛屽寘鎷� RNA 鐨勭ó椤�锛孯NA 寰�(f霉)鍒剁殑鐗归粸(di菐n)锛屽師鏍哥敓鐗� RNA 鐨勫悎鎴愬拰
鐪熸牳鐢熺墿閬哄偝鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勮綁(zhu菐n)閷勫強鍔犲伐銆�
(5) 閬哄偝瀵嗙⒓鑸囬伜鍌充俊鎭殑缈昏锛屽寘鎷� DNA 鑸囬伜鍌冲瘑纰硷紝铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鐨勫悎鎴愬強涓績娉曞墖鐨勫収(n猫i)
瀹�銆�
3. 鍌抽仦閬哄偝瀛�(xu茅)
(1)鏌撹壊楂旂殑鍌抽仦鑸囬伜鍌筹細鏈夌挡鍒嗚鍜岀窗(x矛)鑳炲垎瑁�銆佹笡鏁�(sh霉)鍒嗚鍜屾湁鎬х敓娈�銆�
(2)瀛熷痉鐖鹃伜鍌冲(xu茅)锛氬瓱寰风埦瑭﹂(y脿n)銆佹灄鏈ㄦ€х媭鐨勫瓱寰风埦閬哄偝銆佸瓱寰风埦閬哄偝鐨勭当(t菕ng)瑷�(j矛)妾㈤(y脿n)銆�
(3) 瀛熷痉鐖惧畾寰嬬殑鎿�(ku貌)灞曪細閮ㄥ垎椤€�銆佸叡椤€�銆佷笂浣嶆€�锛涢€ｉ帠閬哄偝鐨勭櫦(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)銆佽В閲嬪強椹�(y脿n)璀�銆�
4. 鍩哄洜绐佽畩
(1) 鍩哄洜鐨勬蹇佃垏鍩哄洜绮剧窗(x矛)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍒嗘瀽鍜屽熀鍥犵殑琛ㄩ仈(d谩)鑸囪(di脿o)鎺с€�
(2) 鍩哄洜绐佽畩鐨勫熀鏈蹇靛強鍏朵竴鑸壒寰�锛涘熀鍥犵獊璁婅垏鎬х媭琛ㄧ従(xi脿n)鍙婂熀鍥犵獊璁婄殑鍒嗗瓙鍩虹(ch菙)锛涘熀
鍥犵獊璁婄殑妾㈡脯鍜岃獦鐧�(f膩)銆�
(3) 杞�(zhu菐n)搴у洜瀛愮殑鐧�(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)鑸囬憭瀹氾紝杞�(zhu菐n)搴у洜瀛愮殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛鍙婂叾鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�銆�
5. 鏌撹壊楂旇畩鐣�
(1) 鏌撹壊楂旂祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)璁婄暟鐨勬蹇靛強涓昏椤炲瀷濡傛煋鑹查珨缂哄け銆侀噸寰�(f霉)銆佸€掍綅銆佹槗浣嶇殑椤炲瀷銆佺窗(x矛)鑳炲(xu茅)
閼掑垾鍙婇伜鍌虫晥鎳�(y墨ng)銆�
(2) 鏌撹壊楂旂祫鐨勬蹇靛強鏌撹壊楂旀暩(sh霉)鐩畩鐣伴鍨�銆�
(3) 鏁村€嶉珨鑸囬潪鏁村€嶉珨鐨勯鍨嬨€侀伜鍌宠〃鐝�(xi脿n)鍙婃噳(y墨ng)鐢�銆�
6. 鍩哄洜宸ョ▼
(1) 鍩哄洜宸ョ▼鐨勭櫦(f膩)灞曟鍙层€佸熀鏈蹇�銆佸熀鏈師鐞嗗拰涓€鑸椹�銆�
(2) 鍩哄洜鍏嬮殕鐨勭瓥鐣ヨ垏鏂规硶銆佸父鐢ㄥ伐鍏烽叾鍜岃級楂�銆�
(3) 鍩哄洜杞�(zhu菐n)鍖栧強妾㈡脯鎶€琛�(sh霉)銆佸熀鍥犲伐绋嬫噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄧ従(xi脿n)鐙€銆�
(4) 杞�(zhu菐n)鍩哄洜瀹夊叏鎬у強鏂板瀷瀹夊叏杞�(zhu菐n)鍩哄洜鎶€琛�(sh霉)銆�
7. 鍩哄洜绲勫(xu茅)
(1) 鍩哄洜绲勫(xu茅)鐨勬蹇靛拰鐧�(f膩)灞曠従(xi脿n)鐙€銆�
(2) 鍩哄洜绲勫湒璀滅殑妲�(g貌u)寤�銆�
(3) 鍔熻兘鍩哄洜绲勫(xu茅)鐮旂┒鏂规硶銆�
(4) 鐢熺墿淇℃伅瀛�(xu茅)銆�
(5) 铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)绲勫(xu茅)銆�
8. 绱�(x矛)鑳炶唱(zh矛)閬哄偝鑸囨鐗╅泟鎬т笉鑲�
(1) 绱�(x矛)鑳炶唱(zh矛)閬哄偝鐨勬蹇佃垏鐗归粸(di菐n)銆�
(2) 钁夌稜楂旂殑閬哄偝鏂瑰紡鍙婂垎瀛愬熀绀�(ch菙)銆�
(3) 绶氱矑楂旂殑閬哄偝鏂瑰紡鍙婂垎瀛愬熀绀�(ch菙)銆�
(4) 妞嶇墿闆勬€т笉鑲茬殑椤炲垾銆侀伜鍌崇壒榛�(di菐n)锛岄泟鎬т笉鑲茬殑鐧�(f膩)鐢熸(j墨)鐞嗗強鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄣ€�
9. 缇ら珨閬哄偝鑸囬€�(j矛n)鍖�
(1) 缇ら珨閬哄偝鐨勬蹇靛拰缇ら珨鐨勯伜鍌崇祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆�
(2) 鍩哄洜闋荤巼鑸囧熀鍥犲瀷闋荤巼鐨勬蹇靛拰鐩镐簰闂�(gu膩n)绯�銆�
(3) 閬哄偝骞宠 瀹氬緥 Hardy-Weinberg 鐨勪富瑕佸収(n猫i)瀹瑰強褰遍熆閬哄偝骞宠 鐨勫洜绱犮€�
(4) 閬�(d谩)鐖炬枃閫�(j矛n)鍖栧(xu茅)瑾�锛岄€�(j矛n)鍖栬垏鐗╃ó褰㈡垚鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯汇€�
10. 鏁�(sh霉)閲忔€х媭鐨勯伜鍌�
(1) 鏁�(sh霉)閲忔€х媭鐨勬蹇�銆佺壒寰佸強鍏堕伜鍌冲熀绀�(ch菙)銆�
(2) 鏁�(sh霉)閲忔€х媭閬哄偝鍒嗘瀽鐨勭当(t菕ng)瑷�(j矛)瀛�(xu茅)鍩虹(ch菙)锛屼富瑕佸寘鎷钩鍧囨暩(sh霉)銆佹柟宸垏妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)宸€佺浉闂�(gu膩n)绯绘暩(sh霉)鑸囧洖姝�
绯绘暩(sh霉)銆�
(3) 琛ㄥ瀷鍊艰垏鍩哄洜鍨嬪€肩殑鍒嗚В鍜岀兢楂斿熀鍥犲瀷鍊肩殑骞冲潎鏁�(sh霉)銆�
(4) 鏁�(sh霉)閲忔€х媭鍒嗘瀽涓殑涓昏閬哄偝鍙冩暩(sh霉)濡傞噸寰�(f霉)鍔涘拰閬哄偝鍔�銆�
(5) 鏁�(sh霉)閲忔€х媭鐨勯伕鎿囨敼鑹垏閬哄偝澧炵泭鐨勪及瑷�(j矛)銆�
涓�銆� 鑰冭│瑕佹眰
1. 绶掕珫
鎺屾彙閬哄偝瀛�(xu茅)鐨勬蹇靛強閬哄偝瀛�(xu茅)涓昏鐮旂┒鍏�(n猫i)瀹癸紝浜嗚В閬哄偝瀛�(xu茅)鐨勭敘(ch菐n)鐢熻垏鐧�(f膩)灞曟绋�锛岄牁(l菒ng)鏈冮伜鍌冲(xu茅)
鐨勬剰缇┿€佷綔鐢ㄥ強鐧�(f膩)灞曡定鍕�銆�
2. 閬哄偝鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勫垎瀛愬熀绀�(ch菙)
鏄庣⒑瑾�(r猫n)璀� DNA 鍜� RNA 浣滅偤閬哄偝鐗╄唱(zh矛)璀夋摎(j霉)锛屾帉鎻� DNA 浣滅偤涓昏閬哄偝鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勫(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)璀夋摎(j霉)锛�
鐔熸倝閬哄偝鐗╄唱(zh矛) DNA 鍜� RNA 鐨勫垎瀛愮祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛涚悊瑙ｉ伜鍌崇墿璩�(zh矛)鐨勫京(f霉)鍒�锛涚悊瑙� DNA 鑸囬伜鍌冲瘑纰�锛涚啛
绶存帉鎻� RNA 鐨勮綁(zhu菐n)閷勮垏铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鐨勫悎鎴�锛涗簡瑙ｉ伜鍌充俊鎭�銆佽泲鐧借唱(zh矛)鑸囨€х媭涔嬮枔鐨勭浉浜掗棞(gu膩n)绯汇€�
3. 鍌抽仦閬哄偝瀛�(xu茅)
鎺屾彙鎬х媭閬哄偝鍜屽熀鍥犱簰浣滅浉闂�(gu膩n)姒傚康锛屼簡瑙ｅ垎闆㈠畾寰嬬殑瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)鐝�(xi脿n)璞″強瑕�(gu墨)寰嬶紝鎺屾彙瑭茶(gu墨)寰嬬殑鍒�
鏋愭柟娉曞強鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�锛涗簡瑙ｇ崹(d煤)绔嬪垎閰嶈(gu墨)寰嬬殑瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)鐝�(xi脿n)璞″強瑕�(gu墨)寰嬶紝鎺屾彙瑭茶(gu墨)寰嬬殑鍒嗘瀽鏂规硶鍙婃噳(y墨ng)鐢�锛涙帉鎻�
閫ｉ帠浜ゆ彌鐨勭浉闂�(gu膩n)姒傚康銆佷氦鎻涘€肩殑娓畾鏂规硶銆傜悊瑙ｆ笡鏁�(sh霉)鍒嗚鐨勯伜鍌冲(xu茅)鎰忕京銆傛槑纰轰笁澶ч伜鍌宠(gu墨)寰�
鐨勭浉浜掕伅(li谩n)绯�銆�
4. 鍩哄洜绐佽畩
鐞嗚В鍩哄洜姒傚康鍜岀櫦(f膩)灞曟绋�锛屾槑纰哄熀鍥犵殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佸姛鑳藉強鍏惰垏鐢熷寲鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)閬庣▼鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯�锛涙帉鎻″熀
鍥犺(di脿o)鎺х殑姒傚康锛屼簡瑙ｅ師鏍哥敓鐗╃殑鍩哄洜瑾�(di脿o)鎺ф(j墨)鍒�锛屾帉鎻′钩绯栨搷绺卞厓鐨勮(di脿o)鎺ф(j墨)鍒讹紝浜嗚В鐪熸牳鐢熺墿
鐨勫熀鍥犺(di脿o)鎺х壒榛�(di菐n)銆傛帉鎻″熀鍥犵獊璁婄殑鍩烘湰姒傚康鍜屼竴鑸壒寰�锛岀悊瑙ｅ熀鍥犵獊璁婅垏鎬х媭琛ㄧ従(xi脿n)鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯伙紝
鐔熺反鎺屾彙鍩哄洜绐佽畩鐨勫垎瀛愬熀绀�(ch菙)銆傛帉鎻¤綁(zhu菐n)搴у洜瀛愮殑鍩烘湰姒傚康锛岀祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛鍜岀啛鎮夊湪鐢熺敘(ch菐n)涓殑鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�銆�
5. 鏌撹壊楂旇畩鐣�
鎺屾彙鏌撹壊楂旇畩鐣扮浉闂�(gu膩n)姒傚康锛屾帉鎻℃煋鑹查珨绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)璁婄暟鐨勯鍨�锛岀窗(x矛)鑳炲(xu茅)閼掑垾渚濇摎(j霉)锛岄伜鍌虫(j墨)鐞嗗拰
閬哄偝鏁堟噳(y墨ng)鍙婃噳(y墨ng)鐢�锛涙帉鎻℃煋鑹查珨鏁�(sh霉)閲忚畩鐣扮殑椤炲瀷銆侀伜鍌虫(j墨)鐞�銆侀伜鍌虫晥鎳�(y墨ng)鍙婂叾鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄣ€�
6. 鍩哄洜宸ョ▼
鎺屾彙鍩哄洜宸ョ▼鐨勫熀鏈蹇�銆佸熀鏈師鐞嗗拰涓€鑸椹�锛涗簡瑙ｅ熀鍥犲伐绋嬩腑甯哥敤鐨勯檺鍒舵€у収(n猫i)鍒囬叾
鍜岃級楂�锛涙帉鎻″熀鍥犺綁(zhu菐n)鍖栧強妾㈡脯鎶€琛�(sh霉)锛屼簡瑙ｈ綁(zhu菐n)鍩哄洜瀹夊叏鎬у強鏂板瀷瀹夊叏杞�(zhu菐n)鍖栨妧琛�(sh霉)锛屼簡瑙ｅ熀鍥犲伐绋�
鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄧ従(xi脿n)鐙€鍙婂叾鐧�(f膩)灞曞墠鏅�銆�
7. 鍩哄洜绲勫(xu茅)
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鎮ㄧ従(xi脿n)鍦ㄧ殑浣嶇疆锛� 
