鍙嬫儏鎻愮ず锛氭湰绔欐彁渚涘叏鍦�(gu贸)400澶氭墍楂樼瓑闄㈡牎鎷涙敹纰╁+銆佸崥澹爺绌剁敓鍏ュ(xu茅)鑰冭│姝峰勾鑰冪爺鐪熼銆佽€冨崥鐪熼銆佺瓟妗�锛岄儴鍒嗗(xu茅)鏍℃洿鏂拌嚦2012骞�锛�2013骞�锛涘潎鎻愪緵鏀惰不(f猫i)涓嬭級銆� 涓嬭級娴佺▼锛� 鑰冪爺鐪熼 榛�(di菐n)鎿娾€�鑰冪爺瑭﹀嵎鈥濃€濅笅杓�; 鑰冨崥鐪熼 榛�(di菐n)鎿娾€�鑰冨崥瑭﹀嵎搴�(k霉)鈥� 涓嬭級
澶ч€i啱(y墨)绉戝ぇ瀛�(xu茅) 2017 骞村叏鍦�(gu贸)纰╁+鐮旂┒鐢熸嫑鐢熷垵瑭� 807 鐧�(f膩)鑲茬敓鐗╁(xu茅)鑰冭│鑼冨湇 绶掕珫 浠€涔堟槸鐧�(f膩)鑲茬敓鐗╁(xu茅)锛燂紱浠ユ鍙茬殑鐪煎厜鐪嬬櫦(f膩)鑲茬敓鐗╁(xu茅)锛涚櫦(f膩)鑲茬殑绱�(x矛)鑳炲拰鍒嗗瓙鍩虹(ch菙)锛� 鍕�(d貌ng)鐗╃櫦(f膩)鑲茬殑涓昏鍩烘湰瑕�(gu墨)寰�锛涚櫦(f膩)鑲茬敓鐗╁(xu茅)鐮旂┒鎶€琛�(sh霉)鍜屾柟娉�锛涙ā鍨嬬敓鐗╃殑閲嶈鎬у強妯� 寮忕敓鐗╋紱鐧�(f膩)鑲茬敓鐗╁(xu茅)鑸囬啱(y墨)瀛�(xu茅)鍜岀敓鐢�(ch菐n)瀵�(sh铆)韪� 绱�(x矛)鑳炲懡閬�(y霉n)鐨勬焙瀹� 绱�(x矛)鑳炲懡閬�(y霉n)鑸囧畾鍨�銆佸舰鎱�(t脿i)鐧�(f膩)鐢熸焙瀹氬瓙姒傚康鍙婃€ц唱(zh矛)銆佽優璩�(zh矛)瀹氬煙锛涢懖宓屽瀷鐧�(f膩)鑲�銆佽(di脿o) 鏁村瀷鐧�(f膩)鑲蹭互鍙婄窗(x矛)鑳炲垎鍖栫殑瀵�(sh铆)璩�(zh矛)鑸囧垎瀛愭(j墨)鍒� 鐢熸畺绱�(x矛)鑳炵殑鐧�(f膩)鐢� 鐢熸畺璩�(zh矛) (germ plasm)锛涚敓娈栫窗(x矛)鑳炵殑閬风Щ锛涘嵉鐨勭櫦(f膩)鐢� (Oogenesis)锛涚簿瀛愮殑 鐧�(f膩)鐢� (Spermatogenesis)銆� 鍙楃簿鐨勬(j墨)鍒� 鍙楃簿鐨勪竴鑸亷(gu貌)绋�锛涘嵉姣嶇窗(x矛)鑳炴垚鐔熺殑妯�(bi膩o)蹇楀強姗�(j墨)鍒�銆佺簿瀛愮嵅鑳�銆佺簿鍗佃瓨(sh铆)鍒ョ殑鍒嗗瓙 鍩虹(ch菙)浠ュ強閰嶅瓙閬哄偝鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勮瀺鍚堛€佸嵉鐨勬縺娲�銆傛捣鑶藉嵉鐨勫彈绮�锛涘摵涔抽鐨勫彈绮撅紱鍙楃簿 鏅�(sh铆)鍗佃啘鐨勮畩鍖栭樆姝簡澶氱簿鍙楃簿 (polyspermy)銆� 鍗佃鑸囧師鑵歌儦浣滅敤 鍗佃鐗归粸(di菐n)銆佸嵉瑁傛柟寮忥紱鍏╂2椤�銆佸摵涔抽銆侀瓪(y煤)椤�銆佹槅锜�(ch贸ng)鐨勫嵉瑁傞亷(gu貌)绋� 鍙婄壒榛�(di菐n)锛� 鏋� 锠�)鍗佃鐨勮(di脿o)鎺ф(j墨)鍒�锛涘師鑵镐綔鐢ㄧ殑鏂瑰紡锛� 娴疯喗銆� 鏂囨槍榄�(y煤)銆� 榄�(y煤)椤�銆佸叐妫查銆侀偿(ni菐o)椤炪€� 鍝轰钩椤炵殑鍘熻吀浣滅敤鍩烘湰閬�(gu貌)绋嬭垏鐗归粸(di菐n) 绁炵稉(j墨ng)鑳氬拰涓夎儦灞ゅ垎鍖栵紙鑴婃鍕�(d貌ng)鐗╂棭鏈熻儦鑳庣櫦(f膩)鑲诧級 涓绁炵稉(j墨ng)绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勫舰鎴�銆佷笁鍊�(g猫)鑳氬堡 鐨勭櫦(f膩)鑲插懡閬�(y霉n) 鑴婃鍕�(d貌ng)鐗╁師鑵告湡浠ュ悗鐨勮儦鑳庣櫦(f膩)鑲�锛涘鑳氬堡 (ectoderm)鐨勬棭鏈熺櫦(f膩)鑲�锛涗腑鑳氬堡 (mesoderm) 鐨勬棭鏈熺櫦(f膩)鑲�锛涘収(n猫i)鑳氬堡锛坋ndoderm锛夌殑鏃╂湡鐧�(f膩)鑲�锛涘嫊(d貌ng)鐗╃櫦(f膩)鑲茬殑涓€鑸(j墨) 鍒�锛涙秹鍙婂绱�(x矛)鑳炲嫊(d貌ng)鐗╃櫦(f膩)鑲茬殑鍥涚ó鍩烘湰姗�(j墨)鍒讹細1锛夌窗(x矛)鑳炲娈� 2锛夌窗(x矛)鑳炵壒鍖� 3锛夌窗(x矛)鑳炵浉 浜掍綔鐢� 4锛夌窗(x矛)鑳為亱(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)銆� 鑳氳儙瑾樺皫(d菐o)鑸囩祫绻斿櫒瀹樺舰鎴� 鑳氳儙瑾樺皫(d菐o)鍜岃嚜鍕�(d貌ng)绁炵稉(j墨ng)鍖�銆佽嚜鍕�(d貌ng)涓� 鑳氬堡鍖�锛涜儦鑳庤獦灏�(d菐o)銆佺暟婧愯獦灏�(d菐o)鑰呭垵绱�(j铆)瑾樺皫(d菐o) 鍜屾绱�(j铆)瑾樺皫(d菐o)銆佷笁(澶�) 绱�(j铆)瑾樺皫(d菐o)锛涢劙杩戠祫绻旂浉浜掍綔鐢ㄧ殑鍏╃ó椤炲瀷锛涢枔璩�(zh矛)鑸囦笂鐨�(鑵轰笂 鐨�) 鐨勭浉浜掍綔鐢ㄥ強姗�(j墨)鍒�銆� 閯拌繎绲勭箶鐨勭浉浜掍綔鐢� 鏋滆爡鑳氳桓褰㈡垚 楂斿舰妯″紡銆佸湒寮忓舰鎴�锛涙灉锠呭舰楂旀ā寮忓缓绔嬮亷(gu貌)绋嬩腑娌垮墠鍚庤桓涓嶅悓灞ゆ鍩哄洜鐨勮〃 閬�(d谩)锛涙灉锠呭墠鍚庤桓寤虹珛鐨勫垎瀛愭(j墨)鍒�锛涙灉锠呰儗鑵硅桓褰㈡垚鐨勫垎瀛愭(j墨)鍒� 鑴婃鍕�(d貌ng)鐗╄儦杌稿舰鎴� 鍏╂2椤炶儦杌稿舰鎴愰亷(gu貌)绋嬪強鍒嗗瓙姗�(j墨)鍒� 涓绁炵稉(j墨ng)绯荤当(t菕ng)鍜岄珨绡€(ji茅)褰㈡垚姗�(j墨)鍒� 鑴婃鍕�(d貌ng)鐗╀腑妯炵缍�(j墨ng)绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勫墠鍚庤桓褰㈡垚锛涜剨妞庡嫊(d貌ng)鐗╀腑妯炵缍�(j墨ng)绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勮儗鑵硅桓褰� 鎴�锛涜剨妞庡嫊(d貌ng)鐗╅珨绡€(ji茅)鍒嗗寲鐗瑰緛銆� 绁炵稉(j墨ng)绯荤当(t菕ng)鐧�(f膩)鑲� 绁炵稉(j墨ng)绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勫舰鎱�(t脿i)鐧�(f膩)鐢�锛涚缍�(j墨ng)绠$窗(x矛)鑳炵殑澧炴畺銆侀伔绉�銆佸垎鍖栵紱绁炵稉(j墨ng)宓村強鍏惰鐢熺墿锛� 澶栬儦灞ゆ澘锛涚缍�(j墨ng)绯荤当(t菕ng)绲勭箶鐧�(f膩)鐢熺殑姗�(j墨)鍒�锛涚缍�(j墨ng)绯荤当(t菕ng)閫f帴鐨勫舰鎴愬強鍔熻兘寤虹珛銆� 闄勮偄鐨勭櫦(f膩)鑲插拰鍐嶇敓 鑴婃鍕�(d貌ng)鐗╅檮鑲㈢櫦(f膩)鑲茬殑璧锋簮銆佹棭鏈熺櫦(f膩)鑲插強鐧�(f膩)鑲查亷(gu貌)绋嬩腑涓儦灞ゅ拰澶栬儦灞ょ殑鐩镐簰浣� 鐢紱闄勮偄鐧�(f膩)鑲茶繎閬�(yu菐n)杌�銆佽儗鑵硅桓鍜屽墠鍚庤桓鐨勫缓绔�锛涙湁灏惧叐妫查闄勮偄鐨勫啀鐢熴€� 鐪肩殑鐧�(f膩)鑲� 鐪肩殑鏃╂湡褰㈡厠(t脿i)鐧�(f膩)鐢�銆佽娉$櫦(f膩)鑲茬殑姗�(j墨)鍒�銆佹櫠鐙€楂斿舰鎴愮殑姗�(j墨)鍒�銆佹櫠鐙€楂旂殑鍐嶇敓鍜� 杞�(zhu菐n)鍒嗗寲浠ュ強瑙掕啘鐨勭櫦(f膩)鑲� 骞茬窗(x矛)鑳炵爺绌跺強鍏舵噳(y墨ng)鐢� 骞茬窗(x矛)鑳炵殑姒傚康锛屽共绱�(x矛)鑳炴湁骞惧€�(g猫)涓昏鐗瑰緛锛涘共绱�(x矛)鑳炵殑鍒嗛锛涜儦鑳庡共绱�(x矛)鑳烇細姒傚康銆� 渚�(l谩i)婧�銆丒S 绱�(x矛)鑳炵殑鍏ㄨ兘鎬�銆丒S 绱�(x矛)鑳炵敓鐗╁(xu茅)鐗规€�銆丒S 绱�(x矛)鑳炵殑閼掑畾銆佽儦鑳庡共绱�(x矛)鑳炵殑鍒� 鍌欍€佸共绱�(x矛)鑳炵殑鐮旂┒鐔遍粸(di菐n) 鐧�(f膩)鑲茶垏閫�(j矛n)鍖� 鏄嗚煵(ch贸ng)璁婃厠(t脿i)鐧�(f膩)鑲茬殑椤炲瀷鍙婃縺绱犺(di脿o)鎺ф(j墨)鍒�銆佸叐妫查鐨勮畩鎱�(t脿i)鐧�(f膩)鑲叉(j墨)鍒�銆� 鐧�(f膩)鑲茬敓鐗╁(xu茅)鐨勭啽榛�(di菐n)鍟�(w猫n)椤� 鎬ц吅鍒嗗寲鑸囨€у垾姹哄畾锛涜儦鍚庣敓闀�(zh菐ng)鑸囪“鑰侊紱鍕�(d貌ng)鐗╃櫦(f膩)鑲茬殑鐠�(hu谩n)澧冭(di脿o)鎺�
鍏嶈铂(z茅)鑱叉槑锛氭湰鏂囩郴杞�(zhu菐n)杓夎嚜缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)锛屽鏈変镜鐘�锛岃珛(q菒ng)鑱�(li谩n)绯绘垜鍊戠珛鍗冲埅闄わ紝鍙︼細鏈枃鍍呬唬琛ㄤ綔鑰呭€�(g猫)浜鸿榛�(di菐n)锛岃垏鏈恫(w菐ng)绔欑劇(w煤)闂�(gu膩n)銆傚叾鍘熷壍(chu脿ng)鎬т互鍙婃枃涓櫝杩版枃瀛楀拰鍏�(n猫i)瀹规湭缍�(j墨ng)鏈珯璀夊(sh铆)锛屽皪(du矛)鏈枃浠ュ強鍏朵腑鍏ㄩ儴鎴栬€呴儴鍒嗗収(n猫i)瀹�銆佹枃瀛楃殑鐪熷(sh铆)鎬�銆佸畬鏁存€�銆佸強鏅�(sh铆)鎬ф湰绔欎笉浣滀换浣曚繚璀夋垨鎵胯锛岃珛(q菒ng)璁€鑰呭儏浣滃弮鑰�锛屽苟璜�(q菒ng)鑷鏍稿(sh铆)鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鍏�(n猫i)瀹广€�
|