|
鍙嬫儏鎻愮ず锛氭湰绔欐彁渚涘叏鍦�(gu贸)400澶氭墍楂樼瓑闄㈡牎鎷涙敹纰╁＋銆佸崥澹爺绌剁敓鍏ュ(xu茅)鑰冭│姝峰勾鑰冪爺鐪熼銆佽€冨崥鐪熼銆佺瓟妗�锛岄儴鍒嗗(xu茅)鏍℃洿鏂拌嚦2012骞�锛�2013骞�锛涘潎鎻愪緵鏀惰不(f猫i)涓嬭級銆� 涓嬭級娴佺▼锛� 鑰冪爺鐪熼 榛�(di菐n)鎿娾€�鑰冪爺瑭﹀嵎鈥濃€濅笅杓�; 鑰冨崥鐪熼 榛�(di菐n)鎿娾€�鑰冨崥瑭﹀嵎搴�(k霉)鈥� 涓嬭級
浜戝崡澶у(xu茅)浜戝崡澶у(xu茅)
浜戝崡澶у(xu茅) href="http://m.sunshinestudy.com/shijuan/school/820655.html" target=_blank>浜戝崡澶у(xu茅)纰╁＋鎷涚敓鑰冭│
620-銆婅棩鍖栬垏澶╃劧钘ュ寲銆嬭€冪爺纰╁＋鐮旂┒鐢熷叆瀛�(xu茅)鑰冭│澶х侗
瑭插収(n猫i)瀹瑰寘鍚棩鐗╁寲瀛�(xu茅)鍜屽ぉ鐒惰棩鐗╁寲瀛�(xu茅)鍏╁€�(g猫)閮ㄥ垎锛屽垎鍒ラ€�(j矛n)琛岃(shu艒)鏄�
閬╃敤灏堟キ(y猫)锛氳棩鐗╁寲瀛�(xu茅)灏堟キ(y猫)
瑭﹂绺藉垎锛�150 鍒嗭紙钘ョ墿鍖栧(xu茅)鍗� 70 鍒嗭紞80 鍒�锛屽ぉ鐒惰棩鐗╁寲瀛�(xu茅)鍗� 70 鍒嗭紞80 鍒嗭級
绛旈鏅�(sh铆)闁擄細3.0 灏忔檪(sh铆)
銆婅棩鐗╁寲瀛�(xu茅)銆嬮儴鍒�
涓€銆佽€冭│鐩殑鍜岃姹�
銆婅棩鐗╁寲瀛�(xu茅)銆嬭绋嬭€冭│鏃ㄥ湪浜嗚В鍜岃€冩煡瀛�(xu茅)鐢熺殑钘ョ墿鍖栧(xu茅)鍩烘湰鐭ヨ瓨(sh铆)浠ュ強閬�(y霉n)鐢ㄨ棩
鐗╁寲瀛�(xu茅)鐭ヨ瓨(sh铆)鍒嗘瀽鍜岃В姹哄晱(w猫n)椤岀殑鑳藉姏銆傛湰瑾茬▼瑕佹眰瀛�(xu茅)鐢熻純绯荤当(t菕ng)鍦版帉鎻¤棩鐗╁寲瀛�(xu茅)鍩烘湰
鐭ヨ瓨(sh铆)锛岀啛鎮夎棩鐗╁寲瀛�(xu茅)鍩烘湰鐞嗚珫锛岀悊瑙ｅ拰鎺屾彙锛�1锛夎棩鐗╃殑鍒嗛銆佸悕绋便€佽棩鐞嗕綔鐢�
鑸囨瘨鍓綔鐢�锛�2锛夎棩鐗╃殑鍖栧(xu茅)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佺祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛鑸囧熀鏈棩鏁堝湗(tu谩n)锛�3锛夎棩鐗╃殑浣滅敤闈�
榛�(di菐n)銆佽棩鐗╁垎瀛愯垏鐢熺墿澶у垎瀛愪箣闁撶殑浣滅敤鏂瑰紡锛�4锛夎棩鐗╃殑妲�(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯�銆佽棩鐗╃殑椤炰技
鐗╁強琛嶇敓鐗╋紱5锛夎棩鐗╁湪楂斿収(n猫i)鐨勮綁(zhu菐n)鍖栭亷(gu貌)绋�锛�6锛夎棩鐗╃櫦(f膩)灞曠殑姝峰彶銆佹柊钘ヨō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鍙婄爺
绌剁殑鍚勭ó鍓�(chu脿ng)鏂版€ф€濊矾銆�
浜屻€侀鍨嬪強鍒嗗竷
1銆侀伕鎿囬锛堟秹鍙婂熀鏈蹇�銆佸熀鏈煡璀�(sh铆)銆佸熀鏈悊璜栥€佸熀鏈€ц唱(zh矛)銆佸熀鏈(gu墨)寰嬬瓑锛�锛�
绱� 4锛�6 鍒�锛�
2銆佺啊(ji菐n)绛旈锛堝惈钘ョ墿绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佸垎椤炶垏钘ョ悊浣滅敤銆佷綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒�銆佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯�銆佽棩鐗╄ō(sh猫)
瑷�(j矛)鑸囩爺绌舵柟娉曠瓑锛夛紝绱� 20锛�25 鍒�锛�
3銆佸～绌洪锛堟牴鎿�(j霉)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)寮忕郸鍑鸿棩鐗╃殑鍚嶇ū鎴栨牴鎿�(j霉)钘ョ墿鐨勫悕绋辩暙(hu脿)鍑虹祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)寮忥級锛岀磩
15锛�20 鍒�锛�
4銆佸晱(w猫n)绛旈锛堣棩鐗╃殑鍚嶇ū銆佺祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍙婄敤閫旂瓑锛夛紝绱� 7锛�12 鍒�锛�
5銆佽棩鐗╁悎鎴愰锛堟牴鎿�(j霉)鍘熸枡绲﹀嚭钘ョ墿鍚堟垚鐨勬柟娉曪級锛岀磩 4锛�7 鍒�銆�
闆ｆ槗鍒嗗竷锛氳純鏄撻鍨� 40%锛涗腑绛夐鍨� 40%锛涜純闆ｉ鍨� 20%
涓�銆� 鑰冭│鑼冨湇锛堣姹傛帉鎻″拰浜嗚В鐨勫悇绔犲収(n猫i)瀹癸級
绗竴绔� 绶掕珫
鍩烘湰瑕佹眰锛�1銆佷簡瑙ｈ棩鐗╁寲瀛�(xu茅)鐨勮捣婧愯垏鐧�(f膩)灞曪紱2銆佹帉鎻¤棩鐗╁寲瀛�(xu茅)鐨勫畾缇╂垚鑸囩爺
绌�?j墨)?n猫i)瀹�銆佽棩鐗╃殑鍛藉悕鍘熷墖銆�
鍩烘湰姒傚康鍜屽収(n猫i)瀹癸細1銆佽棩鐗╁寲瀛�(xu茅)鐨勮捣婧愬拰鐧�(f膩)灞�锛�2銆佽棩鐗╁寲瀛�(xu茅)鐨勫畾缇╄垏鐮旂┒
鍏�(n猫i)瀹�锛�3銆佽棩鐗╃殑鍛藉悕銆�
绗簩绔� 涓绁炵稉(j墨ng)绯荤当(t菕ng)钘ョ墿
鍩烘湰瑕佹眰锛�1銆佷簡瑙ｄ腑妯炵缍�(j墨ng)绯荤当(t菕ng)钘ョ墿鐨勫垎椤炲拰浠ｈ〃鎬ц棩鐗�锛�2銆佹帉鎻′腑妯炵
缍�(j墨ng)绯荤当(t菕ng)鍚勯鍒ヤ腑浠ｈ〃鎬ц棩鐗╃殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佽棩鐞嗕綔鐢ㄥ強姗�(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢�銆佷唬璎濊綁(zhu菐n)鍖栭亷(gu貌)绋�銆�
妲�(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯讳互鍙婂悎鎴愬埗鍌欐柟娉曘€�
鍩烘湰姒傚康鍙婂収(n猫i)瀹癸細1銆佷腑妯炵缍�(j墨ng)绯荤当(t菕ng)钘ョ墿鐨勫垎椤烇紱2銆侀幃(zh猫n)闈滃偓鐪犺棩閲嶉粸(di菐n)钘ョ墿锛堢暟
鎴婂反姣斿Ε銆佸湴瑗挎钞銆佺亼鐭抽吀鍞戝悺鍧︼級鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佷綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢�銆佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯讳互
鍙婂悎鎴愬埗鍌欐柟娉�锛�3銆佹姉鐧茬檱钘ョ墿钘ラ噸榛�(di菐n)钘ョ墿锛堣嫰濡ヨ嫳閳�銆佸崱棣タ骞�銆佹櫘缇呭姞姣旓級
鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佷綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒躲€佹瘨鍓綔鐢�銆佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯讳互鍙婂悎鎴愬埗鍌欐柟娉�锛�4銆佹姉绮剧鐥呰棩鐗�
閲嶉粸(di菐n)钘ョ墿锛堥菇閰告隘涓欏棯銆佹盁鍝屽暥閱�銆佹隘姘钩锛夌殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佷綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢�銆佹(g貌u)
鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯讳互鍙婂悎鎴愬埗鍌欐柟娉�锛�5銆佹姉鎶戦儊钘ョ墿閲嶉粸(di菐n)钘ョ墿锛堥菇閰镐笝鍜棯銆侀菇閰告盁瑗�?銆�?br/>鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佷綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢ㄣ€佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯讳互鍙婂悎鎴愬埗鍌欐柟娉�锛�6銆侀幃(zh猫n)鐥涜棩閲嶉粸(di菐n)钘�
鐗╋紙楣介吀鍡庡暋銆侀菇閰稿搶鏇垮暥銆侀菇閰哥編娌欓叜銆佸櫞浠栦綈杈涳級鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佷綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒躲€佹瘨鍓�
浣滅敤銆佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯讳互鍙婂悎鎴愬埗鍌欐柟娉�锛�7銆佷腑妯炶垐濂棩閲嶉粸(di菐n)钘ョ墿锛堝棊鍟″洜銆佸悺鎷夎タ
鍧�銆侀菇閰哥敳姘姮閰級鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佷綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢ㄣ€佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯讳互鍙婂悎鎴愬埗鍌欐柟娉�銆�
绗笁绔� 澶栧懆绁炵稉(j墨ng)绯荤当(t菕ng)钘ョ墿
鍩烘湰瑕佹眰锛�1銆佷簡瑙ｅ鍛ㄧ缍�(j墨ng)绯荤当(t菕ng)钘ョ墿鐨勫垎椤炲拰浠ｈ〃鎬ц棩鐗�锛�2銆佹帉鎻″鍛ㄧ
缍�(j墨ng)绯荤当(t菕ng)鍚勯鍒ヤ腑浠ｈ〃鎬ц棩鐗╃殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佽棩鐞嗕綔鐢ㄥ強姗�(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢�銆佷唬璎濊綁(zhu菐n)鍖栭亷(gu貌)绋�銆�
妲�(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯讳互鍙婂悎鎴愬埗鍌欐柟娉曘€�
鍩烘湰姒傚康鍙婂収(n猫i)瀹癸細1銆佷腑妯炵缍�(j墨ng)绯荤当(t菕ng)钘ョ墿鐨勫垎椤�锛�2銆佹摤鑶藉牽钘ラ噸榛�(di菐n)钘ョ墿锛堟隘
璨濊喗鍫�銆佹捍鏂版柉鐨勬槑锛夌殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佷綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢�銆佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯讳互鍙婂悎鎴愬埗鍌欐柟
娉曪紱3銆佹姉鑶藉牽钘ョ墿钘ラ噸榛�(di菐n)钘ョ墿锛堢～閰搁樋鎵樺搧銆佹矮婧撮吀鑾ㄨ彧鍫�銆佹捍涓欒兒澶灄銆佸彸
鏃嬫隘绛掔姣掑牽銆佹钞搴�(k霉)婧撮姩锛夌殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佷綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢ㄣ€佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯讳互鍙婂悎鎴愬埗
鍌欐柟娉�锛�4銆佹摤鑵庝笂鑵鸿棩閲嶉粸(di菐n)钘ョ墿锛堣厧涓婅吅绱�銆侀菇閰搁夯榛冨牽銆佹矙涓佽兒閱囷級鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆�
浣滅敤姗�(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢ㄣ€佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯讳互鍙婂悎鎴愬埗鍌欐柟娉�锛�5銆佺祫鑳� H1 鍙楅珨鎷姉鍔戦噸榛�(di菐n)
钘ョ墿锛堥Μ渚�(l谩i)閰告隘鑻偅鏁�銆侀菇閰歌辰搴氬暥銆侀菇閰歌タ鏇垮埄鍡€佸挭鍞戞柉?銆傗攽鎱昚(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佷綔鐢�
姗�(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢ㄣ€佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯讳互鍙婂悎鎴愬埗鍌欐柟娉�锛�6銆佸眬閮ㄩ夯閱夎棩閲嶉粸(di菐n)钘ョ墿锛堥菇閰�
鏅鍗″洜銆侀菇閰稿埄澶氬崱鍥�銆侀菇閰搁仈(d谩)鍏嬬緟瀵э級鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佷綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢ㄣ€佹(g貌u)鏁�
闂�(gu膩n)绯讳互鍙婂悎鎴愬埗鍌欐柟娉�銆�
绗洓绔� 寰挵(hu谩n)绯荤当(t菕ng)钘ョ墿
鍩烘湰瑕佹眰锛�1銆佷簡瑙ｅ惊鐠�(hu谩n)绯荤当(t菕ng)钘ョ墿鐨勫垎椤炲拰浠ｈ〃鎬ц棩鐗�锛�2銆佹帉鎻″惊鐠�(hu谩n)绯荤当(t菕ng)鍚�
椤炲垾涓唬琛ㄦ€ц棩鐗╃殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佽棩鐞嗕綔鐢ㄥ強姗�(j墨)鍒躲€佹瘨鍓綔鐢�銆佷唬璎濊綁(zhu菐n)鍖栭亷(gu貌)绋�銆佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)
绯讳互鍙婂悎鎴愬埗鍌欐柟娉�銆�
鍩烘湰姒傚康鍙婂収(n猫i)瀹癸細1銆佸惊鐠�(hu谩n)绯荤当(t菕ng)钘ョ墿鐨勫垎椤烇紱2銆佄诧紞鍙楅珨闃绘化鍔戦噸榛�(di菐n)钘ョ墿锛堥菇
閰告櫘钀樻礇鐖�銆佺亼鐭抽吀缇庢墭娲涚埦锛夌殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佷綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢�銆佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯讳互鍙婂悎
鎴愬埗鍌欐柟娉曪紱3銆侀垼閫氶亾闃绘化鍔戦噸榛�(di菐n)钘ョ墿锛堢鑻湴骞�銆侀菇閰稿湴鐖剧～鍗撱€侀菇閰哥董鎷�
甯曠背锛夌殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佷綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢�銆佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯讳互鍙婂悎鎴愬埗鍌欐柟娉�锛�4銆侀垑銆侀墍
閫氶亾闃绘化鍔戦噸榛�(di菐n)钘ョ墿锛堢～閰稿柟灏间竵銆侀菇閰哥編瑗垮緥銆侀菇閰歌兒纰橀叜锛夌殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佷綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)
鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢ㄣ€佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯讳互鍙婂悎鎴愬埗鍌欐柟娉�锛�5銆佽绠＄穵寮电礌杞�(zhu菐n)鍖栭叾鎶戝埗鍔戝強琛€
绠＄穵寮电礌鈪″彈楂旀嫯鎶楀姂閲嶉粸(di菐n)钘ョ墿锛堝崱鎵樻櫘鍒┿€佹隘娌欏潶锛夌殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佷綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒躲€佹瘨鍓�
浣滅敤銆佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯讳互鍙婂悎鎴愬埗鍌欐柟娉曪紱6銆丯O 渚涢珨钘ョ墿鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佷綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒躲€佹瘨鍓�
浣滅敤銆佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯讳互鍙婂悎鎴愬埗鍌欐柟娉�锛�7銆佸挤(qi谩ng)蹇冭棩锛堝湴楂樿緵锛夌殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛銆佷綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)
鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢�銆佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯�锛�8銆佽(di脿o)琛€鑴傝棩鐗╋紙娲涗紣浠栦竵銆佸悏闈炶矟榻婏級鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佷綔
鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒躲€佹瘨鍓綔鐢�銆佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯讳互鍙婂悎鎴愬埗鍌欐柟娉�锛�9銆佹姉琛€鏍撹棩鐗╋紙姘悺鏍奸浄銆�
鑿硶鏋楅垑锛夌殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佷綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢�銆佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯讳互鍙婂悎鎴愬埗鍌欐柟娉�锛�10銆�
鍒╄骞崇殑妞嶇墿渚�(l谩i)婧愩€佽棩鐞嗕綔鐢ㄥ強绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛銆�
绗簲绔� 娑堝寲绯荤当(t菕ng)钘ョ墿
鍩烘湰瑕佹眰锛�1銆佷簡瑙ｆ秷鍖栫郴绲�(t菕ng)钘ョ墿鐨勫垎椤炲拰浠ｈ〃鎬ц棩鐗�锛�2銆佹帉鎻℃秷鍖栫郴绲�(t菕ng)鍚�
椤炲垾涓唬琛ㄦ€ц棩鐗╃殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佽棩鐞嗕綔鐢ㄥ強姗�(j墨)鍒躲€佹瘨鍓綔鐢�銆佷唬璎濊綁(zhu菐n)鍖栭亷(gu貌)绋�銆佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)
绯讳互鍙婂悎鎴愬埗鍌欐柟娉�銆�
鍩烘湰姒傚康鍙婂収(n猫i)瀹癸細1銆佹秷鍖栫郴绲�(t菕ng)钘ョ墿鐨勫垎椤�锛�2銆佹姉?ji茅)顫叝骞晱鏀竎(di菐n)钘ョ墿锛堣タ绫�
鏇夸竵銆侀菇閰搁浄灏兼浛涓併€佸ェ缇庢媺鍞戯級鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佷綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒躲€佹瘨鍓綔鐢�銆佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯讳互鍙�
鍚堟垚鍒跺倷鏂规硶锛�3銆佹鍚愯棩閲嶉粸(di菐n)钘ョ墿锛堟槀涓瑰徃鐡娿€侀菇閰稿湴鑺凹澶�銆侀Μ渚�(l谩i)閰哥～涔欐媺
鍡級鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佷綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢ㄣ€佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯讳互鍙婂悎鎴愬埗鍌欐柟娉�锛�4銆佷績鍕�(d貌ng)鍔涜棩
閲嶉粸(di菐n)钘ョ墿锛堣タ娌欏繀鍒�銆佺敳姘ф隘鏅兒銆佸娼樼珛閰級鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佷綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢ㄣ€�
妲�(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯讳互鍙婂悎鎴愬埗鍌欐柟娉�锛�5銆佽倽鑶界柧鐥呰紨鍔╂不鐧傝棩閲嶉粸(di菐n)钘ョ墿锛堣伅(li谩n)鑻洐閰�銆佹按
椋涜枈璩�銆佺唺鍘绘哀鑶介吀锛夌殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛銆佷綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢ㄥ強鐔婂幓姘ц喗閰哥殑鍚堟垚鍒�
鍌欐柟娉�銆�
绗叚绔� 瑙ｇ啽閹�(zh猫n)鐥涜棩鍜岄潪鐢鹃珨鎶楃値钘�
鍩烘湰瑕佹眰锛�1銆佷簡瑙ｈВ鐔遍幃(zh猫n)鐥涜棩鍜岀敤浜庢不鐧傞ⅷ(f膿ng)婵曞強椤為ⅷ(f膿ng)婵曟€ч棞(gu膩n)绡€(ji茅)鐐庣殑鎶楃値钘�
鐗╋紱2銆佹帉鎻¤В鐔遍幃(zh猫n)鐥涜棩鍜岄潪鐢鹃珨鎶楃値钘ュ悇椤炲垾涓唬琛ㄦ€ц棩鐗╃殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佽棩鐞嗕綔鐢�
鍙婃(j墨)鍒躲€佹瘨鍓綔鐢�銆佷唬璎濊綁(zhu菐n)鍖栭亷(gu貌)绋�銆佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯讳互鍙婂悎鎴愬埗鍌欐柟娉曘€�
鍩烘湰姒傚康鍙婂収(n猫i)瀹癸細1銆佽В鐔遍幃(zh猫n)鐥涜棩鐗╅噸榛�(di菐n)钘ョ墿锛堥樋鏂尮鏋椼€佸皪(du矛)涔欓叞姘ㄥ熀閰氾級
鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佷綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢�銆佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯讳互鍙婂悎鎴愬埗鍌欐柟娉�锛�2銆侀潪鐢鹃珨鎶楃値钘�
閲嶉粸(di菐n)钘ョ墿锛堢茎甯冨畻銆佺敳閰氶偅閰�銆佸惒鍝氱編杈涖€佸竷娲涜姮銆佽悩鏅敓銆侀洐姘姮閰搁垑銆佸悺缇�
鏄斿悍銆佸鍒╄タ甯冿級鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佷綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢�銆佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯讳互鍙婂悎鎴愬埗鍌欐柟娉�銆�
绗竷 绔犳姉鑵槫钘ョ墿
鍩烘湰瑕佹眰锛�1銆佷簡瑙ｆ姉鑵槫钘ョ墿鐨勫垎椤炲拰浠ｈ〃鎬ц棩鐗�锛�2銆佹帉鎻℃姉鑵槫钘ョ墿鍚�
椤炲垾涓唬琛ㄦ€ц棩鐗╃殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佽棩鐞嗕綔鐢ㄥ強姗�(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢�銆佷唬璎濊綁(zhu菐n)鍖栭亷(gu貌)绋�銆佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)
绯讳互鍙婂悎鎴愬埗鍌欐柟娉�銆�
鍩烘湰姒傚康鍙婂収(n猫i)瀹癸細1銆佺敓鐗╃兎鍖栧姂椤炴姉鑵槫钘ョ墿锛堥菇閰告爱鑺�銆佺挵(hu谩n)纾烽叞鑳�銆佸
鏇挎淳銆佸崱鑾徃姹€銆佺櫧娑堝畨銆侀爢閴戯級鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佷綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢�銆佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯讳互鍙�
鍚堟垚鍒跺倷鏂规硶锛�2銆佹姉浠ｈ瑵椤炶棩鐗╋紙姘熷翱鍢у暥銆侀菇閰搁樋绯栬優閰�銆佸钒鍢屽懁銆佺敳姘ㄥ枊
鍛わ級鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佷綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢�銆佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯伙紱3銆佹姉鑵槫鎶楃敓绱犻钘ョ墿锛堟斁绶�
鑿岀礌 D銆侀菇閰稿钩闄�(y谩ng)闇夌礌銆侀菇閰稿鏌旀瘮鏄�銆侀菇閰哥背鎵樿捊閱岋級鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佷綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨
鍓綔鐢ㄣ€佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯�锛�4銆佹姉鑵槫妞嶇墿鏈夋晥鎴愬垎鍙婂叾琛嶇敓鐗╋紙缇ュ熀鍠滄ü(sh霉)鍫裤€佺～閰搁暦(zh菐ng)
鏄ュ牽銆佺传褰唶锛夌殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛鍙婁綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒躲€�
绗叓绔� 鎶楃敓绱�
鍩烘湰瑕佹眰锛�1銆佷簡瑙ｆ姉鐢熺礌钘ョ墿鐨勫垎椤炲拰浠ｈ〃鎬ц棩鐗╋紱2銆佹帉鎻℃姉鐢熺礌椤炶棩鐗�
鍚勯鍒ヤ腑浠ｈ〃鎬ц棩鐗╃殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佽棩鐞嗕綔鐢ㄥ強姗�(j墨)鍒躲€佹瘨鍓綔鐢�銆佷唬璎濊綁(zhu菐n)鍖栭亷(gu貌)绋�銆佹(g貌u)鏁�
闂�(gu膩n)绯�銆�
鍩烘湰姒傚康鍙婂収(n猫i)瀹癸細1銆佄诧紞鍏�(n猫i)閰拌兒椤炴姉鐢熺礌锛堥潚闇夌礌閳夈€佽嫰鍞戣タ鏋楅垑銆侀樋鑾タ
鏋椼€侀牠瀛㈡皑鑺�銆侀牠瀛㈠櫥鑲熼垑銆佸厠鎷夌董閰搁墍銆佹皑鏇插崡锛夌殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛銆佷綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒躲€佹瘨
鍓綔鐢�銆佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯�锛�2銆佸洓鐠�(hu谩n)绱犻鎶楃敓绱狅紙鍥涚挵(hu谩n)绱狅級鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛銆佷綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨
鍓綔鐢�銆佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯�锛�3銆佹皑鍩虹硸鑻烽鎶楃敓绱狅紙閺堥湁绱�銆佹叾澶ч湁绱狅級鐨勪綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒跺強
姣掑壇浣滅敤锛�4銆佸ぇ鐠�(hu谩n)鍏�(n猫i)閰鎶楃敓绱狅紙绱呴湁绱犮€佹嘲鍒╅湁绱狅級鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛銆佽棩鐞嗕綔鐢�
鍙婁綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒躲€�5銆佹隘闇夌礌鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佷綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢�銆佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯诲強鍚堟垚鍒跺倷鏂�
娉�銆�
绗節绔� 鍖栧(xu茅)娌荤檪钘ョ墿
鍩烘湰瑕佹眰锛�1銆佷簡瑙ｅ寲瀛�(xu茅)娌荤檪钘ョ墿鐨勬蹇�銆佸垎椤炲拰浠ｈ〃鎬ц棩鐗�锛�2銆佹帉鎻″寲瀛�(xu茅)
娌荤檪钘ョ墿鍚勯鍒ヤ腑浠ｈ〃鎬ц棩鐗╃殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佽棩鐞嗕綔鐢ㄥ強姗�(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢�銆佷唬璎濊綁(zhu菐n)鍖栭亷(gu貌)
绋�銆佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯讳互鍙婂悎鎴愬埗鍌欐柟娉�銆�
鍩烘湰姒傚康鍙婂収(n猫i)瀹癸細1銆佸柟璜鹃叜椤炴姉鑿岃棩锛堝悺鍝岄吀銆佽姘熸矙鏄�銆侀菇閰哥挵(hu谩n)涓欐矙鏄燂級
鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛銆佷綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢�銆佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯诲強鍚堟垚鍒跺倷鏂规硶锛�2銆佹姉绲�(ji茅)鏍歌棩鐗�
锛堢暟鐓欒偧銆佸埄绂忓钩锛夌殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛銆佷綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢ㄣ€佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯�锛�3銆佺：鑳洪
钘ョ墿鍙婃姉鑿屽鏁堝姂锛堢：鑳哄槯鍟�銆佺敳姘ц姁鍟讹級鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍙婁綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒讹紱4銆佹姉鐪熻弻钘ョ墿
锛堝叐鎬ч湁绱� B銆佺閰哥泭搴峰攽銆佹盁搴峰攽锛夌殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛銆佽棩鐞嗕綔鐢ㄥ強浣滅敤姗�(j墨)鍒躲€�5銆�
鎶楃梾姣掕棩鐗╋紙楣介吀閲戝墰鐑疯兒銆佸埄宸村亯鏋椼€侀綂澶氬か瀹�銆侀樋鏄旀礇闊嬶級鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛銆佷綔
鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢�銆佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯�锛�6銆佹姉瀵勭敓锜�(ch贸ng)钘ワ紙闃胯嫰閬�(d谩)鍞�銆佸悺鍠归叜銆佺～閰稿瀵�銆�
纾烽吀姘銆侀潚钂跨礌锛夌殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛銆佽棩鐞嗕綔鐢ㄥ強姗�(j墨)鍒�銆�
绗崄绔� 鍒╁翱钘ュ強鍚堟垚闄嶈绯栬棩鐗�
鍩烘湰瑕佹眰锛�1銆佷簡瑙ｅ彛鏈嶉檷琛€绯栬棩鐗╁拰鍒╁翱钘ョ殑姒傚康銆佸垎椤炲拰浠ｈ〃鎬ц棩鐗�锛�2銆�
鎺屾彙鍙ｆ湇闄嶈绯栬棩鐗╁拰鍒╁翱钘ュ悇椤炲垾涓唬琛ㄦ€ц棩鐗╃殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佽棩鐞嗕綔鐢ㄥ強姗�(j墨)鍒躲€佹瘨
鍓綔鐢�銆佷唬璎濊綁(zhu菐n)鍖栭亷(gu貌)绋�銆佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯讳互鍙婂悎鎴愬埗鍌欐柟娉�銆�
鍩烘湰姒傚康鍙婂収(n猫i)瀹癸細1銆佺硸灏跨梾鐨勭梾鍥犲強鍒嗛锛屽彛鏈嶉檷琛€绯栬棩锛堢敳鑻：涓佽劜銆�
鏍煎垪鑻劜銆侀菇閰镐簩鐢查洐鑳嶏級鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛銆佷綔鐢ㄦ(j墨)鍒躲€佹瘨鍓綔鐢ㄥ強妲�(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯�锛�2銆�
鍒╁翱钘ワ紙鍛嬪绫�銆佹矮姘櫥鍡€佷箼閰板攽鑳�銆佽灪鍏�(n猫i)閰�銆佹皑鑻澏鍟讹級鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛銆佷綔鐢�
姗�(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢ㄥ強妲�(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯�銆�
绗崄涓€绔犳縺绱�
鍩烘湰瑕佹眰锛�1銆佷簡瑙ｆ縺绱犵殑姒傚康銆佸垎椤炲拰浠ｈ〃鎬у寲鍚堢墿锛�2銆佹帉鎻″墠鍒楄吅绱�銆�
鑲介婵€绱犲悇椤炲垾涓唬琛ㄦ€ц棩鐗╃殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佽棩鐞嗕綔鐢ㄥ強姗�(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢�銆佷唬璎濊綁(zhu菐n)鍖栭亷(gu貌)
绋嬨€佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯讳互鍙婂悎鎴愬埗鍌欐柟娉�銆�
鍩烘湰姒傚康鍙婂収(n猫i)瀹癸細1銆佹縺绱犵殑姒傚康銆佸垎椤炲拰浠ｈ〃鎬у寲鍚堢墿锛�2銆佸墠鍒楄吅绱犵祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
鐗瑰緛銆佽棩鐞嗕綔鐢ㄥ強姗�(j墨)鍒�銆佷唬璎濊綁(zhu菐n)鍖栭亷(gu貌)绋�锛�3銆佽偨椤炴縺绱狅紙鑳板扯绱犮€侀檷閳ｇ礌锛夌殑绲�(ji茅)
妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛銆佽棩鐞嗕綔鐢ㄥ強姗�(j墨)鍒�銆佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯伙紱4銆佺斁楂旀縺绱犵殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛鍙婂垎椤炪€佷唬琛ㄦ€�
钘ョ墿锛堥泴浜岄唶銆佸繁鐑泴閰�銆佷粬鑾様閰�銆佺潽閰�銆侀唻閰哥敳缇ュ瓡閰�銆佸乏鐐旇瀛曢叜銆佺背闈�
鍙搁叜銆佹矮鍖栧彲鐨勬澗銆侀唻閰稿湴濉炵背鏉撅級鐨勮棩鐞嗕綔鐢ㄥ強姗�(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢�銆佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯汇€�
浠ｈ瑵杞�(zhu菐n)鍖栭亷(gu貌)绋嬪強閲嶈钘ョ墿鐨勫悎鎴愬埗鍌欐柟娉�銆�
绗崄浜岀珷缍敓绱�
鍩烘湰瑕佹眰锛�1銆佷簡瑙ｇ董鐢熺礌鐨勬蹇点€佸垎椤炲拰浠ｈ〃鎬у寲鍚堢墿锛�2銆佸悇椤炵董鐢熺礌浠�
琛ㄦ€у寲鍚堢墿鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佽棩鐞嗕綔鐢ㄥ強姗�(j墨)鍒�銆佹瘨鍓綔鐢�銆佷唬璎濊綁(zhu菐n)鍖栭亷(gu貌)绋�銆佹(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯汇€�
鍩烘湰姒傚康鍙婂収(n猫i)瀹癸細1銆佺董鐢熺礌鐨勬蹇点€佸垎椤炲拰鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛�2銆佽剛婧舵€х董鐢熺礌锛堢董鐢�
绱� A 閱嬮吀閰�銆佺董鐢熺礌 D3銆佺董鐢熺礌 E锛夌殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛銆佽棩鐞嗕綔鐢ㄥ強姗�(j墨)鍒�銆佷唬璎濊綁(zhu菐n)鍖�
閬�(gu貌)绋嬪強妲�(g貌u)鏁堥棞(gu膩n)绯�锛�3銆佹按婧舵€х董鐢熺礌锛堢董鐢熺礌 C銆佺敓鐗╃礌锛夌殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛銆佽棩鐞嗕綔
鐢ㄥ強姗�(j墨)鍒�銆�
绗崄涓夌珷 鏂拌棩瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鑸囬枊(k膩i)鐧�(f膩)
鍩烘湰瑕佹眰锛�1銆佷簡瑙ｈ棩鐗╀綔鐢ㄧ殑鐢熺墿瀛�(xu茅)鍩虹(ch菙)锛�2銆佷簡瑙ｆ柊钘ラ枊(k膩i)鐧�(f膩)鐨勫熀鏈€斿緫鑸�
鏂规硶锛�3銆佷簡瑙ｈ▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)杓斿姪鐨勮棩鐗╄ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)锛�4銆佷簡瑙ｆ柊钘ョ爺鐧�(f膩)涓殑鍩哄洜鎶€琛�(sh霉)銆�
鍩烘湰姒傚康鍙婂収(n猫i)瀹癸細1銆佽棩鐗╅澏榛�(di菐n)銆佸彈楂�銆佸厛灏�(d菐o)鍖栧悎鐗┿€侀浕瀛愮瓑鎺�銆佸墠钘�銆佽粺
钘ョ瓑姒傚康锛�2銆佽棩鐗╀綔鐢ㄧ殑鐢熺墿瀛�(xu茅)闈堕粸(di菐n)銆侀珨鍏�(n猫i)閬�(gu貌)绋�銆佽棩鐗╃悊鍖栨€ц唱(zh矛)灏�(du矛)钘ユ晥褰遍熆銆�
钘ョ墿绔嬮珨绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)灏�(du矛)钘ユ晥褰遍熆銆佽棩鐗╋紞鍙楅珨鐩镐簰浣滅敤鐨勫寲瀛�(xu茅)鏈唱(zh矛)锛�3銆佸厛灏�(d菐o)鍖栧悎鐗╃殑
鐧�(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)鍜屽劒(y艒u)鍖栨柟娉�锛�4銆佽▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)杓斿姪钘ョ墿瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐨勫熀鏈柟娉�锛�5銆佸熀鍥犳妧琛�(sh霉)鑸囧弽缇╁垎
瀛�銆�
鍙冭€冩枃鐛�(xi脿n)
[1]灏ゅ暉鏉�.钘ョ墿鍖栧(xu茅)[M]锛堢涓冪増锛�锛屼汉姘戣(w猫i)鐢熷嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2011 骞�.
銆婂ぉ鐒惰棩鐗╁寲瀛�(xu茅)銆嬮儴鍒�
涓€銆佽€冭│鐩殑鍜岃姹�
銆婂ぉ鐒惰棩鐗╁寲瀛�(xu茅)銆嬭绋嬭€冭│鏃ㄥ湪浜嗚В鍜岃€冩煡瀛�(xu茅)鐢熺殑澶╃劧钘ョ墿鍖栧(xu茅)鍩烘湰鐭ヨ瓨(sh铆)浠�
鍙婇亱(y霉n)鐢ㄨ┎鐭ヨ瓨(sh铆)鍒嗘瀽鍜岃В姹哄晱(w猫n)椤岀殑鑳藉姏銆傛湰瑾茬▼瑕佹眰瀛�(xu茅)鐢熸帉鎻″ぉ鐒惰棩鐗╀腑鐨勪富瑕侀
鍨嬫垚鍒嗙殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛銆佺悊鍖栨€ц唱(zh矛)銆佹彁鍙栥€佸垎闆�銆佺簿鍒跺強绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)閼掑畾鐨勫熀鏈悊璜栧拰鎶€鑳�銆�
浜嗚В澶╃劧钘ョ墿鍖栧(xu茅)鎴愬垎绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)娓�(c猫)瀹氱殑涓€鑸師鍓囧拰鏂规硶锛屼互鍙婂皨鎵句腑钘ユ湁鏁堟垚鍒嗙殑閫�
寰�锛岀偤闁�(k膩i)鐧�(f膩)鐮旂┒鏂拌棩濂犲畾鍩虹(ch菙)锛岃兘澶犺純鐔熺反鍦拌В姹哄ぉ鐒惰棩鐗╁寲瀛�(xu茅)鐨勫熀鏈晱(w猫n)椤�銆�
浜�銆侀鍨嬪強鍒嗗竷
1銆侀伕鎿囬锛堟秹鍙婂熀鏈蹇点€佸熀鏈煡璀�(sh铆)銆佸熀鏈悊璜�銆佸熀鏈€ц唱(zh矛)銆佸熀鏈(gu墨)寰嬬瓑锛�锛�
绱� 20 鍒�锛�
2銆佺祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)杈ㄨ瓨(sh铆)锛堝(xi臎)鍑烘墍绲︾祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勯鍨嬭垏鍚嶇ū锛�锛岀磩 20 鍒�锛�
3銆侊紱鐞嗗寲鎬ц唱(zh矛)鍒嗘瀽锛堥吀鎬�銆佸牽鎬с€佹サ鎬э級锛岀磩 10 鍒�锛�
4銆佹帹娓�(c猫)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛堝惈娉㈣瓬鏂规硶鍙婄稖鍚堟柟娉曪級锛岀磩 20 鍒�锛�
5銆佺稖鍚堥锛�30 鍒�銆�
闆ｆ槗鍒嗗竷锛氳純鏄撻鍨� 30%锛涗腑绛夐鍨� 50%锛涜純闆ｉ鍨� 20%
涓�銆佽€冭│鑼冨湇锛堣姹傛帉鎻″拰浜嗚В鐨勫悇绔犲収(n猫i)瀹癸級
绗竴绔� 绶掕珫
鍩烘湰瑕佹眰锛氱啛鎮夊ぉ鐒惰棩鐗╁寲瀛�(xu茅)鐨勭爺绌惰寖鍦�锛岃绋嬬殑瀛�(xu茅)缈�(x铆)閲嶉粸(di菐n)锛屽悇椤炲寲鍚堢墿鐨�
鐢熺墿鍚堟垚閫斿緫锛涙帉鎻″咕绋父瑕�(gu墨)鐨勬彁鍙栧垎闆㈡柟娉�锛岀壒鍒ユ槸瑕佹眰锛涙帉鎻℃鐩稿拰鍙嶇浉鑹�
璀滄硶鐨勬搷浣滄柟娉�锛涙帉鎻� 1H-NMR锛堟矮璀滐級 鍜� 13 C-NMR锛堢⒊璀滐級鐨勭壒寰佸強鍏惰В
鏋愭柟娉�锛涘(xu茅)缈�(x铆)鍒╃敤鍖栧悎鐗╂矮璀滅殑鍋跺悎甯告暩(sh霉)渚�(l谩i)纰哄畾鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鐩稿皪(du矛)妲�(g貌u)鍨�銆�
鍩烘湰姒傚康鍜屽収(n猫i)瀹癸細1銆佸ぉ鐒惰棩鐗╁寲瀛�(xu茅)鐨勬蹇点€佺爺绌惰寖鍦�銆佺爺绌剁洰鐨勮垏浠诲嫏(w霉)銆�
鏈夋晥鎴愬垎鑸囩劇(w煤)鏁堟垚鍒嗙殑姒傚康銆傚ぉ鐒惰棩鐗╁寲瀛�(xu茅)鐨勭櫦(f膩)灞曞彶鍙婂叾鑸囩従(xi脿n)浠ｇ瀛�(xu茅)鎶€琛�(sh霉)閫�(j矛n)姝ョ殑
闂�(gu膩n)绯汇€傚悇椤炲寲鍚堢墿鍖栧(xu茅)鎴愬垎绨�(ji菐n)浠�銆�2銆佹鐗╅珨鍏�(n猫i)鐨勭墿璩�(zh矛)浠ｈ瑵閬�(gu貌)绋嬭垏鐢熺墿鍚堟垚锛屼竴
娆′唬璎濊垏浜屾浠ｈ瑵鐨勬蹇点€�3銆佸悇绋父瑕�(gu墨)鐨勬彁鍙栧垎闆㈡柟娉曪紝鍖呮嫭鍚勭ó鏂规硶鐨勬蹇�銆�
鍘熺悊銆侀仼鐢ㄧ殑灏�(du矛)璞�銆佺壒榛�(di菐n)鍙婂叾褰遍熆鍥犵礌绛�銆傜壒鍒ユ槸姝ｇ浉鍜屽弽鐩歌壊璀滄硶鐨勫師鐞嗗拰鎿�
浣滄柟娉�銆�4銆佸寲鍚堢墿绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐮旂┒鐨勪竴鑸▼搴�銆傜传澶栧厜璀�銆佺磪澶栧厜璀�銆佽唱(zh矛)璀溿€佹牳纾佸叡
鎸瓬鍥涘ぇ璀滃湪鍖栧悎鐗╃祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)瑙ｆ瀽閬�(gu貌)绋嬩腑鐨勬噳(y墨ng)鐢�銆傛牳纾佸叡鎸瓬 1D-NMR 涓� 1H-NMR
锛堟矮璀滐級鍜� 13 C-NMR锛堢⒊璀滐級鐨勫熀鏈蹇靛強甯歌(ji脿n)鐨� 2D-NMR 璀滅殑鐗瑰緛鍙婅В鏋�
鏂规硶锛�13 C 鏍哥殑鍖栧(xu茅)浣嶇Щ鑼冨湇鍙婂奖闊垮寲瀛�(xu茅)浣嶇Щ鐨勫洜绱�锛屼互鍙婂悇绋彇浠ｅ熀浣嶇Щ锛堝
鑻殑鍙栦唬鍩轰綅缃綅绉汇€佽嫹鍖栦綅绉�銆�?锛涱垉鐏伴榫嬵煪?du矛)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)娓�(c猫)瀹氱殑褰遍熆銆�
绗簩绔� 绯栧拰鑻烽
鍩烘湰瑕佹眰锛氭帉鎻¤嫹鍜岃嫹閸电殑瀹氱京锛屽柈绯栫祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勮〃绀烘柟娉�锛屾帉鎻¤嫹閸电殑瑁傝В瑕�(gu墨)
寰嬪拰褰遍熆鍥犵礌锛涘柈绯栫殑绲曞皪(du矛)妲�(g貌u)鍨嬪拰鐩稿皪(du矛)妲�(g貌u)鍨�锛涚啛鎮夎嫹绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛銆佸垎椤炲拰閼掑垾鏂规硶锛�
绯栬嫹鐨勮嫹鍖栦綅绉昏(gu墨)寰�銆�
鍩烘湰姒傚康鍙婂収(n猫i)瀹癸細1銆佺硸鐨勭珛楂斿寲瀛�(xu茅)銆傚憢鍠冪硸銆佸悺鍠冪硸鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛锛涚硸鐨勭暙(hu脿)
娉�锛孎(xi脿n)ischer 寮� Haworth 寮忎箣闁撶殑鐩镐簰杞�(zhu菐n)鍖�銆�2銆佺硸鍜岃嫹鐨勫垎椤�銆�3銆佺硸鐨勫寲瀛�(xu茅)
鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛氶亷(gu貌)纰橀吀姘у寲鍙婅嫹閸佃瑙ｄ腑鐨勯亷(gu貌)纰橀吀瑁傝В锛圫mith 闄嶈В锛�锛岄啔鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛岄叞鍖�
鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆佺府閰拰绺啗鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛屼互鍙婄〖閰哥怠(lu貌)鍚堝弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勬浠跺強鍦ㄥ垎闆㈡垨鍒嗘瀽銆佺祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)娓�(c猫)瀹氬伐
浣滀腑鐨勬剰缇�銆傝嫹閸电殑瑁傝В銆�4銆佸牽鍌寲姘磋В閰嫹鍜岄閰嫹閸�銆傞叾鍌寲姘磋В鐨勭壒榛�(di菐n)銆�
5銆佺硸鐨勬牳纾佸叡鎸瓬瀛�(xu茅)鐗瑰緛锛氱硸涓婄殑璩�(zh矛)瀛愬湪 1 H-NMR 璀滀笂鍑虹従(xi脿n)鐨勫ぇ鑷翠綅缃�銆傜硸
涓婄殑纰冲師瀛愪俊铏�(h脿o)鍦� 13 C-NMR 涓婂嚭鐝�(xi脿n)鐨勫ぇ鑷翠綅缃�銆傛牴鎿�(j霉)鍋跺悎甯告暩(sh霉)鍒ゆ柗澶氭暩(sh霉)绯栬嫹
绔熀纰冲師瀛愭(g貌u)鍨�銆傞唶鑻�銆侀厷鑻峰熀閰嫹鐨勮嫹鍖栦綅绉昏(gu墨)寰�銆�
绗笁绔� 鑻笝绱犻
鍩烘湰瑕佹眰锛氭帉鎻￠璞嗙礌椤炲寲鍚堢墿鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佹€ц唱(zh矛)銆�1 H-NMR 鐗瑰緛锛涚啛鎮夋湪鑴�
绱犻鍖栧悎鐗╁垎椤炲拰绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)閼掑畾鏂规硶锛涗簡瑙ｈ嫰涓欑礌椤炲寲鍚堢墿鎻愬彇鍒嗛洟鏂规硶銆�
鍩烘湰姒傚康鍙婂収(n猫i)瀹癸細1銆佽嫰涓欓吀椤炲寲鍚堢墿甯歌(ji脿n)鐨勬瘝鐠�(hu谩n)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛屾彁鍙栧垎闆㈡柟娉曞強娉�
璀滅壒寰�銆�2銆佺啊(ji菐n)鍠璞嗙礌椤炲寲鍚堢墿鐨勫熀鏈瘝鏍�銆佸父瑕�(ji脿n)鐨勫彇浠ｅ熀鍙婂彇浠ｅ湒寮�锛屼互鍙�
鍥犵暟鎴婄儻鍩虹殑娲绘綉闆欓嵉鑸囬厷缇ュ熀鐠�(hu谩n)鍜屽舰寮忎笉鍚屾(g貌u)鎴愮殑鍥涚ó鍩烘湰楠ㄦ灦鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗归粸(di菐n)锛�
鑸囩祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鐨勯璞嗙礌椤炲寲鍚堢墿鐨勫寲瀛�(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛屽鍏�(n猫i)閰€ц唱(zh矛)銆佸悺鍠冮叜鐠�(hu谩n)鐨勫牽瑁傝В銆�
C3-C4 闆欓嵉鎬ц唱(zh矛)鍜屽姞鎴�銆佹哀鍖栧強鐔辫В绛夊弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆�3銆侀璞嗙礌椤炲寲鍚堢墿鐨勭啋鍏夋€ц唱(zh矛)鍙�
娉㈣瓬鐗瑰緛锛孨MR 鐗瑰緛鍙� MS 瑁傝В瑕�(gu墨)寰�锛屼互鍙婂湪绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐮旂┒宸ヤ綔涓殑鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄣ€�4銆侀璞�
绱犻鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鎻愬彇鍒嗛洟鏂规硶锛屼互鍙婁富瑕佺殑鐢熺悊娲绘€э紙鎶楄弻銆佹姉鍑�銆佸厜鏁忕瓑锛�銆�5銆�
鏈ㄨ剛绱犵殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)椤炲瀷銆傛湪鑴傜礌鐨勭悊鍖栨€ц唱(zh矛)锛屽厜瀛�(xu茅)鐣版(g貌u)鐝�(xi脿n)璞�锛屾(g貌u)鍨嬭垏鐢熺悊娲绘€х殑闂�(gu膩n)绯伙紝
閬囬吀妲�(g貌u)鍨嬭綁(zhu菐n)璁婅垏鐢熺悊娲绘€х殑璁婂寲銆傛湪鑴傜礌鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)娓�(c猫)瀹氭柟娉曪細姘у寲瑁傝В銆� UV 鍙�
NMR 绛夈€� 6銆佹湪鑴傜礌鐨勭敓鐞嗘椿鎬с€�
绗洓绔� 閱岄鍖栧悎鐗�
鍩烘湰瑕佹眰锛氭帉鎻￠唽椤炲寲鍚堢墿绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛屽奖闊块吀鎬уぇ灏忕殑瑕�(gu墨)寰嬪拰閼掑垾鏂规硶锛涚啛鎮夌珐
娌栫礄灞ゆ瀽瑷�(sh猫)鍌� PH 姊害钀冨彇鐨勫師鐞嗗拰鏂规硶锛涗簡瑙ｈ捊閱岄鍖栧悎鐗╄瓬瀛�(xu茅)鐗瑰緛銆�
鍩烘湰姒傚康鍙婂収(n猫i)瀹癸細1銆侀唽椤炲寲鍚堢墿鐨勫熀鏈祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)椤炲瀷锛堝鑻唽銆佽悩閰�銆佽彶閱屽強钂�
閱岋級銆佺祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍙婂父瑕�(ji脿n)鐨勫彇浠ｅ熀鍦栧紡銆�2銆侀噸瑕佺墿鐞嗗寲瀛�(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)鍙婂叾鍦ㄦ彁鍙栧垎闆㈣垏绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)娓�(c猫)
瀹氫腑鐨勬剰缇�銆傚寲瀛�(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛氶吀鎬у挤(qi谩ng)寮辫垏鍙栦唬鍩轰綅缃殑闂�(gu膩n)绯�锛屼互鍙婇噸瑕佺殑椤壊鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛�
濡� Feigl 鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆� Bormtrager 鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆侀唻閰搁巶鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)绛�銆傞唽椤炲寲鍚堢墿鐨勬彁鍙栧垎闆㈡柟
娉�銆� 閱岄琛嶇敓鐗╃殑娉㈣瓬鐗瑰緛鍙婄祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)娓�(c猫)瀹�銆�
绗簲绔� 榛冮叜椤炲寲鍚堢墿
鍩烘湰瑕佹眰锛氭帉鎻￠粌閰鍖栧悎鐗╃殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛銆佷富瑕佺祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)椤炲瀷鍙婄敓鍚堟垚闂�(gu膩n)绯�锛涙帉
鎻￠粌閰鍖栧悎鐗╃殑閰告€�銆佸牽鎬у拰椤壊鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛堝楣介吀-閹傜矇鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆侀噾灞菇椤炶│鍔戠殑
绲�(lu貌)鍚堝弽鎳�(y墨ng)绛夛級锛屼互鍙婇€欎簺鎬ц唱(zh矛)鍦ㄩ粌閰鍖栧悎鐗╂彁鍙栧垎闆㈠拰绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)閼掑畾涓殑鎰忕京锛涙帉
鎻￠粌閰鍖栧悎鐗╂彁鍙栨柟娉�锛涙帉鎻￠粌閰鍖栧悎鐗╁垎闆腑鏌辫壊璀滐紙纭呰啝銆佽仛閰拌兒銆佽憽
鑱氱硸鍑濊啝锛夊拰 pH 姊害钀冨彇娉曠殑鍒嗛洟鍘熺悊鍜屾噳(y墨ng)鐢紱鎺屾彙榛冮叜椤炲寲鍚堢墿鐨勬璀�(sh铆)鍜岀祼(ji茅)
妲�(g貌u)閼掑畾鏂规硶锛涙帉鎻� UV銆�1H-NMR銆�13C-NMR 鍜� MS 鍦ㄩ粌閰鍖栧悎鐗╃祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)閼掑畾涓�
鐨勬噳(y墨ng)鐢�銆�
鍩烘湰姒傚康鍙婂収(n猫i)瀹癸細1銆侀粌閰鍖栧悎鐗╃殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛銆佸垎椤�銆佷富瑕佺祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)椤炲瀷鍙婁唬
琛ㄦ€х殑鐢熺悊娲绘€�銆�2銆侀粌閰鍖栧悎鐗╃殑涓昏鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛氳壊婢�銆佹憾瑙ｅ害瑕�(gu墨)寰嬨€侀吀鎬у強缇�
鍩哄彇浠ｄ綅缃�銆佹暩(sh霉)鐩殑闂�(gu膩n)绯伙紝鍛堣壊鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛堝楣介吀 - 閹傜矇鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)銆侀噾灞菇椤炶│鍔戠殑绲�(lu貌)
鍚堝弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛夌瓑锛屼互鍙婇€欎簺鎬ц唱(zh矛)鍦ㄦ彁鍙栧垎闆€€侀憭鍒�銆佺祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)娓�(c猫)瀹氬伐浣滀腑鐨勬剰缇�銆�3銆侀粌
閰鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鎻愬彇鍒嗛洟鍘熺悊銆傝仛閰拌兒鏌辫壊璀滃垎鏋愭硶锛堥厷椤炲寲鍚堢墿鐨勪唬琛ㄦ€у垎闆㈡柟
娉曪級銆傛搴� PH 钀冨彇娉曪紙閰氶鍖栧悎鐗╃殑浠ｈ〃鎬у垎闆㈡柟娉曪級銆傞墰楣芥矇娣€娉曪紙鍒嗗瓙涓�
鍏锋湁缇ч吀銆侀劙浜岄厷缇ュ熀鍙婄壒娈婄怠(lu貌)鍚堢祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勫垎闆㈡柟娉曪級銆�4銆侀粌閰鍖栧悎鐗╃殑妾㈣瓨(sh铆)鑸�
绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)娓�(c猫)瀹氭妧琛�(sh霉)銆傞粌閰鍖栧悎鐗╃殑璀滃(xu茅)鐗瑰緛锛孶V銆�1 H-NMR銆�13C-NMR 鍙� MS
瑕�(gu墨)寰嬪強鍦ㄧ祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)娓�(c猫)瀹氫腑鐨勯噸瑕佹剰缇�銆�5 榛冮叜椤炲寲鍚堢墿鐨勪竴浜涘悎鎴愭柟娉�銆�
绗叚绔� 钀滈鍜屾彯鐧�(f膩)娌�
鍩烘湰瑕佹眰锛氭帉鎻＄敓婧愮殑鐣版垔浜岀儻娉曞墖鍜岀稉(j墨ng)椹�(y脿n)鐨勭暟鎴婁簩鐑硶鍓�锛涚啛鎮夎悳椤炲寲鍚�
鐗╃殑鐢熷悎鎴愰€斿緫銆佽悳椤炲寲鍚堢墿鐨勫垎椤炰緷鎿�(j霉)锛涗簡瑙ｅ父瑕�(ji脿n)鐨勮悳椤炲寲鍚堢墿鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)浠ュ強鍏�
浠ｈ〃鍖栧悎鐗�锛涙帉鎻¤悳椤炲寲鍚堢墿鐨勭墿鐞�銆佸寲瀛�(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛涚啛鎮夎悳椤炲寲鍚堢墿甯哥敤鐨勬彁鍙栧垎
闆㈡柟娉�锛涗簡瑙ｅ父鐢ㄧ殑閼掑畾銆佹璀�(sh铆)钀滈鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鏂规硶鎵嬫浠ュ強閼掑畾钀滈鍖栧悎鐗╁寲瀛�(xu茅)
绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勫父鐢ㄦ墜娈点€�
鍩烘湰姒傚康鍙婂収(n猫i)瀹癸細1銆佽悳椤炲寲鍚堢墿鐨勬蹇�銆佸垎椤炲師鍓囧強瀹冨€戠殑鐢熷悎鎴愯捣婧愩€�2銆�
鍠悳椤炲寲鍚堢墿鐨勫熀鏈鏋跺強閲嶈鐨勪唬琛ㄦ€у寲鍚堢墿锛岀挵(hu谩n)鐑啔钀滃強鍗撻厷閰鍖栧悎鐗╃殑
楠ㄦ灦鐗瑰緛銆�3銆佸€嶅崐钀滈鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鍩烘湰楠ㄦ灦鐗瑰緛銆佸垎椤炰緷鎿�(j霉)銆傛剤鍓�(chu脿ng)鏈ㄥ収(n猫i)閰垏鍗撳ェ
椤炲寲鍚堢墿鐨勫熀鏈鏋剁壒寰佸強鍏剁敓鐞嗘椿鎬�锛涙彯鐧�(f膩)娌圭殑姒傚康銆佹€ц唱(zh矛)銆佺祫鎴愶紝鍏跺熀鏈殑
鎻愬彇鍒嗛洟鏂规硶锛屼互鍙婄閰搁妧绲�(lu貌)鍚堣壊璀滄硶鍙� GC-MS 娉曞湪鎻櫦(f膩)娌归鎴愬垎鍒嗛洟鍙婇憭
瀹氬伐浣滀腑鐨勭壒娈婃噳(y墨ng)鐢�銆�4銆佷簩钀滈鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鍩烘湰楠ㄦ灦鐗瑰緛鍙婂垎椤炰緷鎿�(j霉)銆�
绗竷绔� 涓夎悳鍙婂叾鑻烽
鍩烘湰瑕佹眰锛氭帉鎻′笁钀滃強鍏惰嫹椤炲寲鍚堢墿鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)椤炲瀷鍜岄鑹查憭瀹氬弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛涚啛鎮変笁钀�
鍙婂叾鑻烽鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鐞嗗寲鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛涗簡瑙ｄ笁钀滃強鍏惰嫹椤炲寲鍚堢墿鐨勭敓鐗╂椿鎬�锛涙帉鎻′笁钀滃強
鍏惰嫹椤炲寲鍚堢墿鐨勮嫹鍖栦綅绉昏(gu墨)寰嬶紱鐔熸倝涓夎悳鍙婂叾鑻烽鍖栧悎鐗╃殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)閼掑畾鏂规硶锛涚啛鎮�
涓夎悳鍙婂叾鑻烽鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鎻愬彇鍒嗛洟鏂规硶
鍩烘湰姒傚康鍙婂収(n猫i)瀹癸細1銆佸洓鐠�(hu谩n)涓夎悳鍙婁簲鐠�(hu谩n)涓夎悳椤炲寲鍚堢墿锛屽缇婃瘺鐢剧兎鍨嬨€侀仈(d谩)鐟�
鐑峰瀷銆侀綂澧╂灉鐑峰瀷銆佺儚铇囩兎鍨嬬殑鍩烘湰楠ㄦ灦鐗瑰緛銆�2銆佷笁钀滈鐨傝嫹鐨勬彁鍙栧垎闆㈡柟
娉�锛屽垎閰嶈壊璀�锛屽鍚勭ó涓綆澹撳弽鐩告煴鑹茶瓬銆侀珮澹撴恫鐩歌壊璀滐紙 HPLC 锛夌瓑銆�3銆�
涓夎悳鐨傝嫹椤炵祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐮旂┒涓殑鑻烽嵉瑁傝В锛屼笁钀滈鍖栧悎鐗╃殑 MS 鍙� NMR 璀滅殑鐗�
寰�銆�
绗叓绔� 鐢鹃珨鍙婂叾鑻烽
鍩烘湰瑕佹眰锛氫簡瑙ｇ斁楂斿寲鍚堢墿鐨勭敓鐗╁悎鎴愰€斿緫锛汣21 鐢鹃珨鍖栧悎鐗╃殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛鍙�
閲嶈鍖栧悎鐗�锛涘挤(qi谩ng)蹇冭嫹鐨勫垎椤�銆佺祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗归粸(di菐n)锛涙帉鎻＄敳銆佷箼鍨嬪挤(qi谩ng)蹇冭嫹鍏冪殑楠ㄦ灦鐗归粸(di菐n)鍙婇噸
瑕佺殑钘ョ敤鍖栧悎鐗�锛屽挤(qi谩ng)蹇冭嫹绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)涓硸鐨勯鍨嬪強鍏惰垏鑻峰厓鐨勯€ｆ帴鏂瑰紡锛涚啛鎮夌斁楂斿寲鍚�
鐗╃殑鍒嗛鍙婇’鑹插弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛汣21 鐢鹃珨鍖栧悎鐗╃殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗归粸(di菐n)锛涘挤(qi谩ng)蹇冭嫹鍙婄斁楂旂殏鑻峰湪鑷劧鐣�
鐨勫垎甯冪壒榛�(di菐n)锛涗簡瑙ｅ挤(qi谩ng)蹇冭嫹鐨勭悊鍖栨€ц唱(zh矛)鍙婃尝璀滅壒寰侊紱寮�(qi谩ng)蹇冭嫹鐨勭敓鐗╂椿鎬�锛涚斁楂旂殏鑻�
鍏冪殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)椤炲瀷锛岀悊鍖栨€ц唱(zh矛)鍙婂叾娉㈣瓬鐗瑰緛锛涚斁楂斿強鍏剁殏鑻风殑鎻愬彇鍒嗛洟锛涚啛鎮夌斁楂旂殏
鑻峰寲鍚堢墿鐨勬尝璀滅壒寰�锛岀斁楂旂殏鑻峰拰寮�(qi谩ng)蹇冭嫹鐨勯憭鍒ユ柟娉�
鍩烘湰姒傚康鍙婂収(n猫i)瀹癸細1銆佺斁楂旈鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鍩烘湰楠ㄦ灦椤炲瀷鍙婄斁鏍哥殑绋犲悎鏂瑰紡銆�2銆�
寮�(qi谩ng)蹇冭嫹锛� 鐢�銆佷箼鍏╁瀷寮�(qi谩ng)蹇冭嫹椤炲寲鍚堢墿鐨勯鏋剁壒寰�銆� 寮�(qi谩ng)蹇冭嫹鐨勬尝璀滅壒寰侊紝鍒╃敤 UV
鍙� NMR 鐗瑰緛鍗€(q奴)鍒ョ敳銆佷箼鍏╁瀷寮�(qi谩ng)蹇冭嫹椤炪€�3銆佺斁楂旂殏鍥涚ó椤炲瀷鐢鹃珨鐨傝嫹椤炲寲鍚堢墿
鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛銆�
绗節绔� 鐢熺墿鍫�
鍩烘湰瑕佹眰锛氭帉鎻＄敓鐗╁牽鐨勫惈缇�銆佺敓鐗╁牽椤炲寲鍚堢墿鐢熷悎鎴愮殑鍩烘湰鍘熺悊锛涚啛鎮夌敓
鐗╁牽椤炲寲鍚堢墿鐨勫瓨鍦ㄥ舰寮�锛涗簡瑙ｇ敓鐗╁牽椤炲寲鍚堢墿鐨勫垎甯�锛涙帉鎻＄敓鐗╁牽鐨勪緷鎿�(j霉)鍖栧(xu茅)
绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍒嗛娉�銆佺敓鐗╁牽鐨勫牽鎬�銆佺敓鐗╁牽鐨勬璀�(sh铆)鏂规硶锛涚啛鎮夌敓鐗╁牽椤炲寲鍚堢墿鐨勭敓婧愰棞(gu膩n)
绯诲拰渚濇摎(j霉)鐢熷悎鎴愬垎椤炴硶锛涗簡瑙ｇ敓鐗╁牽椤炲寲鍚堢墿鐨勬€х媭銆佹棆鍏夋€�銆佹憾瑙ｆ€�銆傛帉鎻＄敓
鐗╁牽鐨勬彁鍙栧垎闆㈡柟娉曪紱鐔熸倝鐢熺墿鍫块鍖栧悎鐗╃殑娉㈣瓬鐗瑰緛锛涗簡瑙ｇ敓鐗╁牽椤炲寲鍚堢墿鐨�
绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐮旂┒鏂规硶鍜岀▼搴忋€�
鍩烘湰姒傚康鍜屽収(n猫i)瀹癸細1銆佺敓鐗╁牽鐨勬蹇靛強鍏跺湪妞嶇墿鐣屼腑鍒嗗竷瑕�(gu墨)寰嬨€�2銆佺敓鐗╁牽
鐢熺墿鍚堟垚鐨勫熀鏈師鐞嗐€�3銆佺敓鐗╁牽鐨勪富瑕佺墿鐞嗗寲瀛�(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛屽牽鎬у挤(qi谩ng)寮辩殑褰遍熆鍥犵礌鍙�
鍒ゆ柗鏂规硶銆佹父闆㈠牽鍙婇菇鍦ㄦ憾瑙ｅ害鏂归潰鐨勫樊鍒�銆佹爱鍘熷瓙鐨勬哀鍖栭亷(gu貌)绋嬪強 C-N 閸电殑瑁�
瑙ｅ弽鎳�(y墨ng)銆�4銆佺敓鐗╁牽鐨勬彁鍙栧垎闆㈡柟娉曞師鐞�銆�5銆佺敓鐗╁牽鐨勫垎闆㈡妧琛�(sh霉)銆傚埄鐢ㄥ牽鎬у樊
鐣版垨楣界殑婧惰В搴﹀樊鐣伴噰鐢� PH 姊害钀冨彇銆佸垎姝ユ矇娣€鎴栭洟瀛愪氦鎻涜壊璀滈€�(j矛n)琛屽垎闆㈢殑
鏂规硶銆� 6銆佽嫢鐢熻壊鍦�(tu谩n)妲�(g貌u)鎴愬垎瀛愮殑鏁撮珨绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛堟垨涓婚珨绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛夐儴鍒嗘檪(sh铆)锛孶V 鍏夎瓬鐗瑰緛
灏�(du矛)鎺ㄦ脯(c猫)鍒嗗瓙鐨勯鏋堕鍨嬫墍鍏锋湁鐨勯噸瑕侊紙鎴栬紨鍔╋級浣滅敤銆�7銆両R 鍏夎瓬鐗瑰緛鍦ㄨ瓨(sh铆)鍒ユ槸
鍚︾偤鏌愬凡鐭ョ敓鐗╁牽锛屾垨璀�(sh铆)鍒ョ壒寰佸畼鑳藉湗(tu谩n)鐨勯噸瑕佹剰缇┿€�8銆佺敓鐗╁牽鐨� NMR 鐗瑰緛鍥�
楠ㄦ灦椤炲瀷涓嶅悓鎵€鍏锋湁鐨勮純澶у樊鐣�銆�
鍙冭€冩枃鐛�(xi脿n)
[1]鍚崇珛杌�.澶╃劧钘ョ墿鍖栧(xu茅)(绗叚鐗�)[M].鍖椾含锛氫汉姘戣(w猫i)鐢熷嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2011 骞�.
[2]鍚崇珛杌�.澶╃劧钘ョ墿鍖栧(xu茅)缈�(x铆)椤岄泦(绗笁鐗�)[M].鍖椾含锛氫汉姘戣(w猫i)鐢熷嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2011 骞�.
鍏嶈铂(z茅)鑱叉槑锛氭湰鏂囩郴杞�(zhu菐n)杓夎嚜缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)锛屽鏈変镜鐘�锛岃珛(q菒ng)鑱�(li谩n)绯绘垜鍊戠珛鍗冲埅闄わ紝鍙︼細鏈枃鍍呬唬琛ㄤ綔鑰呭€�(g猫)浜鸿榛�(di菐n)锛岃垏鏈恫(w菐ng)绔欑劇(w煤)闂�(gu膩n)銆傚叾鍘熷壍(chu脿ng)鎬т互鍙婃枃涓櫝杩版枃瀛楀拰鍏�(n猫i)瀹规湭缍�(j墨ng)鏈珯璀夊(sh铆)锛屽皪(du矛)鏈枃浠ュ強鍏朵腑鍏ㄩ儴鎴栬€呴儴鍒嗗収(n猫i)瀹�銆佹枃瀛楃殑鐪熷(sh铆)鎬�銆佸畬鏁存€�銆佸強鏅�(sh铆)鎬ф湰绔欎笉浣滀换浣曚繚璀夋垨鎵胯锛岃珛(q菒ng)璁€鑰呭儏浣滃弮鑰冿紝骞惰珛(q菒ng)鑷鏍稿(sh铆)鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鍏�(n猫i)瀹�銆�
|
鏂囩珷鎼滅储
鎮ㄧ従(xi脿n)鍦ㄧ殑浣嶇疆锛� 
