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鍙嬫儏鎻愮ず锛氭湰绔欐彁渚涘叏鍦�400澶氭墍楂樼瓑闄㈡牎鎷涙敹纰╁＋銆佸崥澹爺绌剁敓鍏ュ(xu茅)鑰冭│姝峰勾鑰冪爺鐪熼銆佽€冨崥鐪熼銆佺瓟妗�锛岄儴鍒嗗(xu茅)鏍℃洿鏂拌嚦2012骞达紝2013骞�锛涘潎鎻愪緵鏀惰不涓嬭級銆� 涓嬭級娴佺▼锛� 鑰冪爺鐪熼 榛炴搳鈥�鑰冪爺瑭﹀嵎鈥濃€濅笅杓�; 鑰冨崥鐪熼 榛炴搳鈥�鑰冨崥瑭﹀嵎搴�鈥� 涓嬭級
澶ч€ｅ伐妤�(y猫)澶у(xu茅)
銆婄劇姗熷寲瀛�(xu茅)銆嬶紙鍚垎鏋愬寲瀛�(xu茅)锛夎绋嬬ⅸ澹爺绌剁敓鍏ュ(xu茅)鑰冭│澶х侗
涓€銆佸弮鑰冩浉鐩�
1. 姹熷崡澶у(xu茅)銆�澶ч€ｅ伐妤�(y猫)澶у(xu茅) 绶�锛屻€婄劇姗熷強鍒嗘瀽鍖栧(xu茅)銆�(绗簲鐗�)锛岄珮绛夋暀鑲插嚭鐗堢ぞ锛屽寳
浜�, 2006
2. 澶ч€ｇ悊宸ュぇ瀛�(xu茅)鐒℃鍖栧(xu茅)鏁欑爺瀹� 绶紝銆婄劇姗熷寲瀛�(xu茅)銆�(绗簲鐗�)锛岄珮绛夋暀鑲插嚭鐗堢ぞ锛屽寳浜�,
2006
3. 鍚夋灄澶у(xu茅) 姝︽饥澶у(xu茅) 鍗楅枊澶у(xu茅) 瀹嬪ぉ浣�/寰愬瀵х瓑鏍＄法锛屻€婄劇姗熷寲瀛�(xu茅)銆�锛岄珮绛夋暀鑲插嚭鐗�
绀撅紝鍖椾含, 2015
4. 褰磭鎱� 绛�锛屻€婂垎鏋愬寲瀛�(xu茅)鈥斿畾閲忓寲瀛�(xu茅)鍒嗘瀽绨℃槑鏁欑▼銆�(绗� 3 鐗�)锛屽寳浜ぇ瀛�(xu茅)鍑虹増绀�锛屽寳
浜紝2009
浜�銆佺劇姗熷寲瀛�(xu茅)锛堝惈鍒嗘瀽鍖栧(xu茅)锛夎€冩煡鐩(bi膩o)
瑭查杸瀛�(xu茅)绉戝湪鑰冩煡瑕佹眰鑰冪敓姣旇純绯荤当(t菕ng)鍦扮悊瑙ｅ拰鎺屾彙鐒℃鍖栧(xu茅)銆佸垎鏋愬寲瀛�(xu茅)鐨勫熀绀�(ch菙)鐭ヨ瓨銆佸熀
鏈悊璜�銆佸熀鏈柟娉曞拰鍩烘湰鎶€鑳�锛岃兘澶犲垎鏋�銆佸垽鏂峰拰瑙ｆ焙鏈夐棞(gu膩n)鐞嗚珫鍜屽闅涘晱椤�
涓�銆佽€冭│鍏�(n猫i)瀹瑰強鑼冨湇
閬嬬敤鍩烘湰鐨勫寲瀛�(xu茅)鐞嗚珫鐭ヨ瓨鍒ゆ柗鍖栧(xu茅)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勬柟鍚�銆佽▓绠楀弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐔�銆佸钩琛℃績搴�锛屽洓澶у钩琛★紙閰�
鍫裤€佹矇娣€銆佹哀鍖栭倓鍘�銆侀厤浣嶏級浠ュ強鍖栧(xu茅)鍕曞姏瀛�(xu茅)鐭ヨ瓨锛岄€蹭竴姝ュ姞娣辩悊瑙ｅ師瀛愮祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佸垎瀛愮祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
绛夌殑鍩虹(ch菙)鐭ヨ瓨銆�
鑰冭│鑼冨湇锛�
绗竴绔� 鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勮仛闆嗙媭鎱�(t脿i)
鑰冩牳鐭ヨ瓨榛烇細
鐞嗘兂姘ｉ珨鐙€鎱�(t脿i)鏂圭▼寮�銆侀亾鐖鹃爴鍒嗗瀹氬緥鍙婃憾娑叉績搴︾殑琛ㄧず鏂规硶锛屽苟鎺屾彙鏈夐棞(gu膩n)瑷堢畻銆�
鑰冩牳瑕侀粸锛�
鐞嗘兂姘ｉ珨鐙€鎱�(t脿i)鏂圭▼寮�銆佸垎澹撳畾寰嬪強婧舵恫婵冨害鐨勮〃绀烘柟娉曘€�
绗簩绔� 鍖栧(xu茅)鍒嗘瀽銆佹脯閲忚宸垏鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)铏曠悊
鑰冩牳鐭ヨ瓨榛烇細
1.鎺屾彙婊村畾鍒嗘瀽娉曟秹鍙婄殑涓€鑸蹇碉紝婊村畾鍒嗘瀽涓殑鍖栧(xu茅)瑷堥噺闂�(gu膩n)绯诲苟鑳介爢鍒╅€茶瀹氶噺瑷�
绠�銆�
2.鐞嗚В瑾ゅ樊鍒嗘瀽鐨勬剰缇╋紝鎺屾彙瑾ゅ樊鐨勫垎椤�銆佺壒榛炲強娓涘厤鏂规硶銆�
3. 鎺屾彙娓畾绲�(ji茅)鏋滅殑琛ㄧず鏂规硶锛屽苟鏈冮€茶鏈夐棞(gu膩n)鐨勮▓绠�锛涙帉鎻＄疆淇″害鑸囩疆淇″崁(q奴)闁撶殑鎰忕京銆�
鍙枒鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)铏曠悊鐨勪竴鑸椹�锛涙帉鎻″彲鐤戞暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍙栬垗鐨� Q-妾㈤娉曠殑鍘熺悊鍙婃噳(y墨ng)鐢�銆�
4. 鎺屾彙鏈夋晥鏁�(sh霉)瀛楃殑鎰忕京鍙婃湁闂�(gu膩n)閬嬬畻瑕�(gu墨)鍓囥€�
鑰冩牳瑕侀粸锛�
瀹氶噺鍒嗘瀽灏嶅弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勮姹傚拰婊村畾鏂瑰紡锛屽畾閲忓垎鏋愰亷绋嬩互鍙婃淮瀹氬垎鏋愮殑瑷堢畻銆傛湁闂�(gu膩n)瑾ゅ樊鐨勫熀鏈�
姒傚康锛屽寘鎷宸締婧�銆佸垎椤�銆佹笡鍏嶆垨娑堥櫎鏂规硶锛岃宸殑琛ㄧず鏂规硶锛岀簿瀵嗗害鑸囨簴(zh菙n)纰哄害鐨勬蹇�
鍜岀浉浜掗棞(gu膩n)绯�;鏈夐檺鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勭当(t菕ng)瑷堣檿鐞嗘柟娉曪紝鍖呮嫭妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鍋忓樊鐨勮▓绠�锛� Q 妾㈤锛岀疆淇″崁(q奴)闁撶殑瑷堢畻;
鏈夋晥鏁�(sh霉)瀛楃殑姝ｇ⒑琛ㄧず鍙婂叾閬嬬畻瑕�(gu墨)鍓囥€�
绗笁绔� 鍖栧(xu茅)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勫熀鏈師鐞�
鑰冩牳鐭ヨ瓨榛烇細
1. 鎺屾彙鐔卞寲瀛�(xu茅)涓殑鍩烘湰琛�(sh霉)瑾�銆�
2.鐞嗚В鐔卞寲瀛�(xu茅)鏂圭▼寮忕殑鍚京銆傛帉鎻℃(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐢熸垚鐒撶殑瀹氱京銆佽搵鏂畾寰嬪強鍏舵噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄥ強鎭掓韩鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)
鐔辩殑瑷堢畻鏂规硶銆�
3. 鎺屾彙鐙€鎱�(t脿i)鍑芥暩(sh霉)鐔靛拰鑷敱鑳界殑鐗╃悊鎰忕京锛涙帉鎻＄喌璁婂拰鑷敱鑳借畩锛屾(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐔佃畩鍜屾(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鑷敱
鑳借畩浠ュ強妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐢熸垚鑷敱鑳界殑瀹氱京锛涙帉鎻″寲瀛�(xu茅)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鏂瑰悜鐨勫垽鎿�(j霉)----鑷敱鑳藉垽鎿�(j霉)銆�
4. 鎺屾彙鍖栧(xu茅)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)閫熺巼銆佸熀鍏冨弽鎳�(y墨ng)鍜岄潪鍩哄厓鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)浠ュ強鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐗╃礆鏁�(sh霉)銆佸弽鎳�(y墨ng)绱氭暩(sh霉)鐨勬蹇�锛涙帉
鎻″奖闊垮寲瀛�(xu茅)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)閫熺巼鐨勫洜绱狅紙婵冨害銆佹韩搴﹀拰鍌寲鍔戯級锛屽苟鑳藉弽鎳�(y墨ng)閫熺巼鐞嗚珫閫茶瑙ｉ噵锛涚啛绶�
鎺屾彙璩�(zh矛)閲忎綔鐢ㄥ畾寰嬪拰闃夸緰灏肩儚鏂柟绋嬬殑鐗╃悊鎰忕京锛屽苟鑳芥噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄩ€茶鏈夐棞(gu膩n)瑷堢畻銆�
5. 鎺屾彙鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)閬�(d谩)鍒板寲瀛�(xu茅)骞宠 鐨勭壒寰�锛屾渻瀵寲瀛�(xu茅)骞宠 甯告暩(sh霉)琛ㄩ仈(d谩)寮�锛屽苟鐔熺反鎺屾彙骞宠 甯告暩(sh霉)鐨�
鏈夐棞(gu膩n)瑷堢畻锛涙帉鎻″弽鎳�(y墨ng)鍟嗚垏妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鍖栧(xu茅)骞宠 甯告暩(sh霉)琛ㄩ仈(d谩)寮忕殑鏈唱(zh矛)鍗€(q奴)鍒�銆佸奖闊垮寲瀛�(xu茅)骞宠 绉诲嫊鐨勫洜绱�
鍙婂寲瀛�(xu茅)骞宠 绉诲嫊鍚庡钩琛＄祫鍒嗙殑鏈夐棞(gu膩n)瑷堢畻銆�
鑰冩牳瑕侀粸锛�
鐔卞寲瀛�(xu茅)鏂圭▼寮忕殑鏇稿銆佸弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐒撹畩銆丠ess 瀹氬緥鍙婃湁闂�(gu膩n)瑷堢畻?锛涚槣W(xu茅)骞宠 鐨勬蹇�锛屾(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)骞宠
甯告暩(sh霉)鍜屽钩琛＄祫鎴愮殑瑷堢畻銆傚弽鎳�(y墨ng)鍟嗗垽鎿�(j霉)鍜� Le Chatelier 鍘熺悊锛屾績搴�銆佸鍔�銆佹韩搴﹀皪鍖栧(xu茅)骞宠
绉诲嫊鐨勫奖闊垮強鏈夐棞(gu膩n)鐨勭啊鍠▓绠�銆傛(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鎽╃埦鐔点€佹(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鎽╃埦鐢熸垚 Gibbs 鍑芥暩(sh霉)鐨勬蹇�;鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勬(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)
鎽╃埦鐔靛拰鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勬懇鐖� Gibbs 鍑芥暩(sh霉)璁婄殑绨″柈瑷堢畻;鈻硆Gm 鑸団柍rHm 鍜屸柍rSm 鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯�锛屽垽鏂峰弽
鎳�(y墨ng)閫茶鐨勬柟鍚戝拰绋嬪害銆�
绗洓绔� 閰稿牽骞宠
鑰冩牳鐭ヨ瓨榛烇細
1.鎺屾彙閰稿牽璩�(zh矛)瀛�銆侀浕瀛愮悊璜栧強閰稿牽鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勫璩�(zh矛)锛屾渻瀵嚭鍏辨壖閰稿牽灏嶏紝鏈冭▓绠楀叡鎵奸吀锛堝牽锛�
鐨勯洟瑙ｅ父鏁�(sh霉)鍊煎強閰稿牽寮峰急鐨勫垽鏂�锛屾帉鎻″叡鎵奸吀鍫垮皪 Ka銆並b 涔嬮枔鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯�銆�
2.鎺屾彙涓€鍏冨急閰革紙鍫匡級鐨勮В闆㈠钩琛＄殑鏈夐棞(gu膩n)瑷堢畻鍙婄█閲嬪畾寰�锛涙帉鎻″鍏冨急閰革紙鍫匡級銆佸叐鎬с€�
鍏辫粵楂旂郴閰稿害瑷堢畻鐨勬渶绨″紡锛涙帉鎻″急闆昏В璩�(zh矛)鐨勫悓闆㈠瓙鏁堟噳(y墨ng)鑸囬菇鏁堟噳(y墨ng)銆傛渻瀵急闆昏В璩�(zh矛)鐨勮唱(zh矛)瀛�
姊濅欢寮�銆�
3.瑷堢畻鏈夐棞(gu膩n)绲勫垎鐨勫钩琛℃績搴�銆�
4.鎺屾彙绶╂矕婧舵恫鐨勭珐娌栧師鐞嗗強鐩搁棞(gu膩n)瑷堢畻锛屽(xu茅)鏈冪珐娌栨憾娑茬殑閬告搰鑸囬厤鍒讹紱鎺屾彙閰稿牽鎸囩ず
鍔戠殑浣滅敤鍘熺悊鍙婂父鐢ㄦ寚绀哄姂鐨勮畩鑹茶寖鍦�锛屾渻閬告搰閰稿牽鎸囩ず鍔�銆�
5.鎺屾彙閰稿牽婊村畾娉曠殑鍩烘湰鍘熺悊銆侀吀鍫挎淮瀹氶鍨嬪強鍚勭ó椤炲瀷婊村畾鏇茬窔鐨勭壒榛�锛涙帉鎻′竴鍏�
閰革紙鍫匡級琚簴(zh菙n)纰烘淮瀹氱殑鍒ゆ摎(j霉)鍜屽鍏冮吀锛堝牽锛夊垎姝ユ淮瀹氱殑姊濅欢銆傛帉鎻￠吀鍫挎淮瀹氭硶鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄤ腑鐨勬湁
闂�(gu膩n)瑷堢畻銆�
鑰冩牳瑕侀粸锛�
閰搞€佸牽璩�(zh矛)瀛愮悊璜栫殑鍩烘湰瑕侀粸鍜岄吀鍫块浕瀛愮悊璜栫殑鍩烘湰姒傚康銆傛按鐨勮В闆㈠钩琛°€佹按鐨勬(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)闆�
瀛愮⿳甯告暩(sh霉)鍜屽挤閰�銆佸挤鍫挎憾娑茬殑 pH 鍊肩殑瑷堢畻銆備笉鍚岄珨绯讳笅鐨勮唱(zh矛)瀛愭浠跺紡銆傞€氶亷璩�(zh矛)瀛愭浠惰▓
绠楀悇绋憾娑茬殑 pH 鍊间互鍙婂悇绋舰鎱�(t脿i)鐨勫垎甯�銆傚悓闆㈠瓙鏁堟噳(y墨ng)鍜岀珐娌栨憾娑茬殑姒傚康锛岀珐娌栨憾娑茬殑 pH
鍊肩殑瑷堢畻锛岄吀鍫挎淮瀹氬熀鏈師鐞嗗拰閰稿牽鎸囩ず鍔戠殑浣滅敤鍘熺悊;閰稿牽婊村畾鏂瑰紡鍙婂叾鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�;婊村畾绲�(ji茅)鏋�
鐨勮▓绠楀拰绲傞粸瑾ゅ樊鐨勮▓绠�锛屽挨鍏舵槸鐩存帴婊村畾姊濅欢浠ュ強鍒╃敤婊村畾楂旂⿳鍒ゆ柗娣峰悎閰稿牽绲勬垚鍙婂叾
鍚噺銆�
绗簲绔� 鍘熷瓙绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
鑰冩牳鐭ヨ瓨榛烇細
1. 鎺屾彙姘師瀛愬厜璀滆垏鐜荤埦鐞嗚珫銆�
2. 鎺屾彙鏍稿闆诲瓙閬嬪嫊鐙€鎱�(t脿i)鍙婃湁闂�(gu膩n)骞惧€嬪熀鏈蹇碉紝鏈冪⒑瀹氭弿杩版牳澶栭浕瀛愰亱鍕曠媭鎱�(t脿i)鐨勫洓鍊�
閲忓瓙鏁�(sh霉)锛涙帉鎻℃尝鍑芥暩(sh霉)鍜屽師瀛愯粚閬撳強闆诲瓙浜戝湒鍜屽師瀛愯粚閬撶殑鍗€(q奴)鍒ャ€�
3.鎺屾彙澶氶浕瀛愬師瀛愮殑杌岄亾鑳界礆锛屽寘鎷睆钄芥晥鎳�(y墨ng)鍜岄墕绌挎晥鎳�(y墨ng)锛涙帉鎻℃牳澶栭浕瀛愭帓甯冭(gu墨)鍓�锛�
鎺屾彙鍘熷瓙鐨勯浕瀛愬堡绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屽厓绱犲懆鏈熺郴锛涙帉鎻″厓绱犲師瀛愮殑鍍归浕瀛愬堡妲�(g貌u)鍨�銆�
4. 鎺屾彙鍏冪礌鍩烘湰鎬ц唱(zh矛)鐨勫懆鏈熸€ц畩鍖栬(gu墨)寰�銆�
鑰冩牳瑕侀粸锛�
鍥涘€嬮噺瀛愭暩(sh霉)鐨勫悕绋�銆佺铏熴€佸彇鍊煎拰鎰忕京锛泂銆乸銆乨 鍘熷瓙杌岄亾鑸囬浕瀛愪簯鐨勫舰鐙€鍜岀┖闁撶殑
浼稿睍鏂瑰悜銆傚闆诲瓙鍘熷瓙杌岄亾杩戜技鑳界礆鍦栧拰鏍稿闆诲瓙鎺掑竷锛岃兘纰哄畾鍏冪礌鍦ㄥ懆鏈熻〃涓殑浣嶇疆銆�
鍛ㄦ湡琛ㄥ厓绱犵殑鍒嗗崁(q奴)銆佺祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛;鍘熷瓙鍗婂緫銆侀浕闆㈣兘銆侀浕瀛愯Κ鍜岃兘鍜岄浕璨�(f霉)鎬х殑璁婂寲瑕�(gu墨)寰�銆�
绗叚绔� 鍒嗗瓙绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屾櫠楂旂祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
鑰冩牳鐭ヨ瓨榛烇細
1.鎺屾彙鍍归嵉鐞嗚珫鐨勫熀鏈榛�銆佸叡鍍归嵉鐨勭壒寰佸強鍏卞児閸电殑鍒嗛锛涙帉鎻￠洔鍖栬粚閬撶悊璜栫殑鍩�
鏈榛�锛屾渻鐢ㄩ洔鍖栬粚閬撶悊璜栬鏄庣啊鍠叡鍍瑰寲鍚堢墿鍒嗗瓙鐨勫舰鎴�锛屽皪澶氬師瀛愬垎瀛愮殑骞句綍妲�(g貌u)鍨嬪仛
鍑哄悎鐞嗚В閲�锛涙帉鎻￠洔鍖栬粚閬撶殑鍒嗛銆傛渻鐢ㄥ垎瀛愯粚閬撶悊璜栬鏄庡垎瀛愮殑鎴愰嵉鎯呮硜銆佸垎瀛愮殑纾佹€�
鍜岄嵉鐨勫挤寮�銆傜啛鎮夊悓鏍搁洐鍘熷瓙鍒嗗瓙鐨勫師瀛愯粚閬撹垏鍒嗗瓙杌岄亾鑳界礆闂�(gu膩n)绯诲湒锛屽苟鑳藉鍑虹浉鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勫垎
瀛愯粚閬撹〃绀哄紡銆�
2. 鎺屾彙鍖栧(xu茅)閸电殑椤炲瀷鍙婁竴浜涙弿杩板寲瀛�(xu茅)閸垫€ц唱(zh矛)鐨勯嵉鍙冩暩(sh霉)锛屽锛氶嵉绱�銆侀嵉鑳姐€侀嵉闀�銆侀嵉瑙�
绛�銆�
3. 鎺屾彙鍒嗗瓙闁撲綔鐢ㄥ姏鑸囨矮閸点€傛帉鎻″垎瀛愮殑鍋舵サ鐭╁拰妤靛寲鐜�锛屽垎瀛愰枔浣滅敤鍔涚殑绋鍙婂皪
鐗╄唱(zh矛)鎬ц唱(zh矛)鐨勫奖闊�銆�
4. 鎺屾彙鏅堕珨鐨勫垎椤�銆侀洟瀛愭櫠楂旂殑鏅舵牸鑳藉強鍏惰▓绠楁柟娉�銆傛帉鎻￠洟瀛愭サ鍖栧皪鐗╄唱(zh矛)鎬ц唱(zh矛)鐢�(ch菐n)鐢�
鐨勫奖闊�锛屽挨鍏舵槸鏈冮€犳垚閸靛瀷鍜屾櫠楂旈鍨嬬殑鏀硅畩锛岀浉鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勭墿鐞嗘€ц唱(zh矛)灏辨渻鐧�(f膩)鐢熸敼璁�銆�
鑰冩牳瑕侀粸锛�
鍏卞児閸电殑鍍归嵉鐞嗚珫鐨勫熀鏈榛�锛屽叡鍍归嵉鐨勭壒寰佸拰椤炲瀷銆傞洔鍖栬粚閬撶殑姒傚康鍜岄鍨�锛岃兘鐢�
闆滃寲杌岄亾鐞嗚珫瑙ｉ噵绨″柈鍒嗗瓙鎴栧鍘熷瓙闆㈠瓙鐨勫咕浣曟(g貌u)鍨嬨€傚児灞ら浕瀛愬皪浜掓枼鐞嗚珫鐨勮榛炰互鍙婄敤
瑭茬悊璜栨帹娓啊鍠垎瀛愭垨澶氬師瀛愰洟瀛愮殑骞句綍妲�(g貌u)鍨嬬殑鏂规硶銆傚垎瀛愯粚閬撶殑姒傚康浠ュ強绗簩鍛ㄦ湡鍚屾牳
闆欏師瀛愬垎瀛愮殑鑳界礆鍦栧拰闆诲瓙鍦ㄥ垎瀛愯粚閬撲腑鐨勫垎甯冿紝骞舵帹娓叾纾佹€у拰绌�(w臎n)瀹氭€�銆傞嵉鑳姐€侀嵉闀�銆�
閸佃銆侀嵉绱氬弮鏁�(sh霉)鐨勬蹇碉紝閸电殑妤垫€у拰鍒嗗瓙鐨勬サ鎬�銆傛櫠楂旂殑椤炲瀷銆佺壒寰佸拰绲勬垚鏅堕珨鐨勫井绮掗枔
鐨勪綔鐢ㄥ姏銆備笁绋吀鍨嬮洟瀛愭櫠楂旂殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗瑰緛;鏅舵牸鑳界殑姒傚康鍜岄洟瀛愰浕鑽�銆佸崐寰戝皪鏅舵牸鑳界殑褰遍熆锛�
鏅舵牸鑳藉皪闆㈠瓙鍖栧悎鐗╃啍榛�銆佺‖搴︾殑褰遍熆;鏅舵牸鑳界殑鐔卞寲瀛�(xu茅)瑷堢畻鏂规硶銆傞洟瀛愬崐寰戝強鍏惰畩鍖栬(gu墨)寰嬨€�
闆㈠瓙妤靛寲鍙婂叾灏嶉嵉鍨�銆佹櫠鏍奸鍨嬨€佹憾瑙ｅ害銆佺啍榛�銆侀鑹茬殑褰遍熆銆傚垎瀛愮殑鍋舵サ鐭╁拰璁婂舰鎬у強
鍏惰畩鍖栬(gu墨)寰�;鍒嗗瓙闁撳姏鐨勭敘(ch菐n)鐢熷強鍏跺皪鐗╂€х殑褰遍熆;姘嵉鐨勫舰鎴愭浠躲€佺壒榛炲強鍏跺皪鏌愪簺鐗╂€х殑
褰遍熆銆�
绗竷绔� 娌夋穩--婧惰В骞宠
鑰冩牳鐭ヨ瓨榛烇細
1.鎺屾彙婧跺害绌嶅畾缇�銆佹憾搴︾⿳瑕�(gu墨)鍓�銆佸悓闆㈠瓙鏁堟噳(y墨ng)鑸囬菇鏁堟噳(y墨ng)銆佸垎姝ユ矇娣€绛夊熀鏈蹇�銆�
2.鎺屾彙婧跺害绌嶅拰婧惰В搴︾殑鐩镐簰鎻涚畻鍙婂叾姊濅欢锛屾帉鎻℃矇娣€婧惰В骞宠 鐨勬湁闂�(gu膩n)瑷堢畻銆佸垎姝ユ矇
娣€鍜屾矇娣€杞�(zhu菐n)鍖栫殑鏈夐棞(gu膩n)瑷堢畻锛屼互鍙婄敤鐢熸垚姘哀鍖栫墿鎴栫敓鎴愮～鍖栫墿鍒嗘娌夋穩鐨勬柟娉曞垎闆㈤噾灞洟
瀛愮殑鏈夐棞(gu膩n)瑷堢畻銆�
鑰冩牳瑕侀粸锛�
婧惰В搴﹀拰婧跺害绌�銆傛矇娣€鐨勭敓鎴愬拰婧惰В銆傚叐绋矇娣€鐩镐簰杞�(zhu菐n)鍖栦箣闁撶殑骞宠 銆傞洠婧堕浕瑙ｈ唱(zh矛)
鐨勬矇娣€婧惰В骞宠 锛屾(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)婧跺害绌嶅父鏁�(sh霉)鍙婂叾鑸囨憾瑙ｅ害鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯诲拰鏈夐棞(gu膩n)瑷堢畻銆傛憾搴︾⿳瑕�(gu墨)鍓囷紝鐢ㄦ憾搴�
绌嶈(gu墨)鍓囧垽鏂锋矇娣€鐨勭敓鎴愬拰婧惰В銆俻H 鍊煎皪闆ｆ憾閲戝爆姘哀鍖栫墿娌夋穩婧惰В骞宠 鐨勫奖闊垮強鏈夐棞(gu膩n)瑷�
绠�锛岄噾灞～鍖栫墿娌夋穩婧惰В骞宠 鐨勫奖闊垮洜绱犲強鏈夐棞(gu膩n)瑷堢畻銆傛矇娣€鐨勯厤浣嶆憾瑙ｅ钩琛＄殑绨″柈瑷堢畻銆�
鍒嗘娌夋穩鍜屽叐绋矇娣€闁撶殑杞�(zhu菐n)鍖栧強鏈夐棞(gu膩n)瑷堢畻銆傛矇娣€婊村畾娉曠殑鍩烘湰鐞嗚珫銆�
绗叓绔� 闆绘サ闆诲嫝鑸囨哀鍖栭倓鍘熷钩琛�
鑰冩牳鐭ヨ瓨榛烇細
1. 鎺屾彙鍘熼浕姹�銆侀浕妤甸浕鍕�銆佹(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)闆绘サ闆诲嫝銆佹浠堕浕妤甸浕鍕㈢殑姒傚康锛涙帉鎻℃哀鍖栧€兼硶鍜岄洟
瀛�-闆诲瓙娉曢厤骞虫哀鍖栭倓鍘熷弽鎳�(y墨ng)鏂圭▼寮忕殑鍩烘湰鍘熷墖鍜屼竴鑸椹�锛涗簡瑙ｅ奖闊块浕妤甸浕鍕㈢殑鍥犵礌锛屾帉
鎻¤兘鏂壒鏂圭▼寮忕殑鏈夐棞(gu膩n)瑷堢畻銆�
2.鎺屾彙姘у寲閭勫師鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勬柟鍚戝拰娆″簭鐨勫垽鏂�锛岃▓绠楁哀鍖栭倓鍘熷弽鎳�(y墨ng)骞宠 甯告暩(sh霉)锛岃ō(sh猫)瑷堥浕姹犺▓
绠楁矇娣€鐨勬憾搴︾⿳甯告暩(sh霉)鍙婂急閰歌В闆㈠父鏁�(sh霉)绛�锛涙帉鎻″厓绱犻浕鍕㈠湒鐨勬剰缇╁強鍏舵噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄣ€�
3.鎺屾彙姘у寲閭勫師婊村畾鐨勫熀鏈師鐞�锛屾淮瀹氭洸绶氱殑绻埗鏂规硶锛涙帉鎻″寲瀛�(xu茅)瑷堥噺榛炴憾娑查浕妤甸浕
鍕㈢殑瑷堢畻锛涙帉鎻″奖闊块浕鍕㈢獊韬嶇殑鍥犵礌銆�
4.鎺屾彙纰哄畾姘у寲閭勫師婊村畾绲傞粸鐨勪竴鑸柟娉�銆侀伕鎿囨寚绀哄姂鐨勫師鍓�锛涙帉鎻￠珮閷抽吀閴€娉�銆侀噸
閴婚吀閴€娉曘€佺閲忔硶鐨勬柟娉曞師鐞�銆佺壒榛炲強鍏舵噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄥ強鐩告噳(y墨ng)绲�(ji茅)鏋滅殑瑷堢畻銆�
鑰冩牳瑕侀粸锛�
闆绘サ闆诲嫝鐨勬噳(y墨ng)鐢�锛屾哀鍖栭倓鍘熷弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勫熀鏈蹇碉紝姘у寲閭勫師鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鏂圭▼寮忕殑閰嶅钩銆傚師闆绘睜鍙�
鍏堕浕鍕曞嫝鐨勬蹇�銆傞浕妤甸浕鍕㈢殑姒傚康鍙婂叾褰遍熆鍥犵礌锛孨ernst 鏂圭▼寮忓強鍏舵湁闂�(gu膩n)鐨勭啊鍠▓绠�锛�(姊�
浠�)闆绘サ闆诲嫝鐨勬噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄣ€傚垽鏂锋哀鍖栭倓鍘熷弽鎳�(y墨ng)鏂瑰悜鍜岀▼搴︾殑鍥犵礌銆傛哀鍖栭倓鍘熸淮瀹氱殑瑷堢畻锛屽父鐢ㄧ殑
姘у寲閭勫師婊村畾娉曞師鐞嗗強鍏舵噳(y墨ng)鐢�銆傚厓绱犻浕鍕㈠湒鍙婂叾鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄣ€�
绗節绔� 閰嶄綅鍖栧悎鐗╄垏閰嶄綅骞宠
鑰冩牳鐭ヨ瓨榛烇細
1.鎺屾彙閰嶅悎鐗╃殑姒傚康銆佺祫鎴愩€佺壒榛炲拰鍛藉悕銆�
2.鎺屾彙閰嶄綅骞宠 鐨勫熀鏈悊璜栧強骞宠 楂旂郴涓洟瀛愭績搴︾殑瑷堢畻銆�
3.鎺屾彙 EDTA 鑸囬噾灞洟瀛愮殑閰嶅悎鐗╃殑鐗归粸銆佺禃灏嶇┅(w臎n)瀹氬父鏁�(sh霉)鍜屾浠剁┅(w臎n)瀹氬父鏁�(sh霉)鐨勬剰缇╋紱鎺�
鎻� EDTA 鐨勯吀鏁堟噳(y墨ng)銆侀噾灞洟瀛愮殑閰嶄綅鏁堟噳(y墨ng)鐨勮▓绠楀強鍏跺皪姊濅欢绌�(w臎n)瀹氬父鏁�(sh霉)鐨勫奖闊�锛屾渻姹傛淮瀹氬柈
涓€闆㈠瓙鎵€鍏佽ū鐨勬渶楂橀吀搴︼紙鏈€灏� pH 鍊硷級銆�
4. 鎺屾彙閲戝爆闆㈠瓙閰嶄綅婊村畾閬╁疁閰稿害鐨勯伕鎿�銆佹渶浣抽吀搴﹂伕鎿囩殑渚濇摎(j霉)锛涙帉鎻″父鐢ㄦ帺钄藉姂鐨�
鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�锛涙帉鎻℃簴(zh菙n)纰烘淮瀹氬柈涓€閲戝爆闆㈠瓙鐨勬浠跺強鍒嗘婊村畾鐨勬浠讹紱鎺屾彙閰嶄綅婊村畾鐨勫熀鏈柟寮忓強
鍏舵噳(y墨ng)鐢�锛涙帉鎻℃淮瀹氱祼(ji茅)鏋滅殑瑷堢畻銆�
鑰冩牳瑕侀粸锛�
閰嶅悎鐗╃殑鍩烘湰姒傚康锛岄厤鍚堢墿鐨勫懡鍚�銆傞厤鍚堢墿鍍归嵉鐞嗚珫鐨勫熀鏈榛�銆侀厤鍚堢墿鐨勫咕浣曟(g貌u)鍨�
鑸囦腑蹇冮洟瀛愰洔鍖栬粚閬撶殑闂�(gu膩n)绯�銆傚収(n猫i)杌屽瀷銆佸杌屽瀷閰嶅悎鐗╃殑姒傚康銆佷腑蹇冮洟瀛愬児闆诲瓙鎺掑竷鑸囬厤闆�
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鏂囩珷鎼滅储
鎮ㄧ従(xi脿n)鍦ㄧ殑浣嶇疆锛� 
