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鍙嬫儏鎻愮ず锛氭湰绔欐彁渚涘叏鍦�400澶氭墍楂樼瓑闄㈡牎鎷涙敹纰╁＋銆佸崥澹爺绌剁敓鍏ュ(xu茅)鑰冭│姝峰勾鑰冪爺鐪熼銆佽€冨崥鐪熼銆佺瓟妗�锛岄儴鍒嗗(xu茅)鏍℃洿鏂拌嚦2012骞�锛�2013骞达紱鍧囨彁渚涙敹璨讳笅杓�銆� 涓嬭級娴佺▼锛� 鑰冪爺鐪熼 榛炴搳鈥�鑰冪爺瑭﹀嵎鈥濃€濅笅杓�; 鑰冨崥鐪熼 榛炴搳鈥�鑰冨崥瑭﹀嵎搴�鈥� 涓嬭級
2018 骞磋彲涓静(n贸ng)妤�(y猫)澶у(xu茅)
鎷涙敹纰╁＋鐮旂┒鐢熷叆瀛�(xu茅)鑰冭│鑰冭│澶х侗
鐢熺墿鍖栧(xu茅)鑰冭│澶х侗(纰╁＋)
涓€銆佽姹傛帉鎻＄殑鍩烘湰鍏�(n猫i)瀹�
鎺屾彙鐢熺墿澶у垎瀛�(绯�銆佽剛銆佽泲鐧借唱(zh矛)銆侀叾銆佺董鐢熺礌銆佹牳閰�銆佹縺绱�)鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佹€ц唱(zh矛)鍜屽姛鑳�銆傛帉
鎻＄敓鐗╅珨鍏�(n猫i)涓昏鐨勭墿璩�(zh矛)浠ｈ瑵鍜岃兘閲忚綁(zhu菐n)鍖�(绯栦唬璎�銆佽剛浠ｈ瑵銆佹皑鍩洪吀浠ｈ瑵銆佹牳閰镐唬璎濄€佺敓鐗╂哀鍖�)銆�
鎺屾彙閬哄偝淇℃伅鍌抽仦鐨勫寲瀛�(xu茅)鍩虹(ch菙)锛屼富瑕佸寘鎷� DNA 鐨勫京(f霉)鍒躲€丷NA 鐨勫悎鎴愩€佽泲鐧借唱(zh矛)鐨勫悎鎴愬強绱拌優浠�
璎濊(di脿o)鎺х瓑銆�
浜�銆佽│椤屾ā寮忓強鎵€鍗犳瘮渚�
鐢熺墿鍖栧(xu茅)鑰冭│绺藉垎 150 鍒�锛屽垎姒傚康椤屽拰鏁樿堪椤屽叐鍊嬫柟闈�锛屽叾涓蹇甸鍗� 60锛�70锛咃紝鏁樿堪
椤屽崰 30锛�40锛咃紝姒傚康椤屽寘鎷細閬告搰椤岋紙鍠伕锛岀磩鍗� 20%锛夈€佸～绌洪锛堢磩鍗� 7%锛夈€佹瑾ゅ垽鏂烽锛堢磩
鍗� 10%锛夈€佽В閲嬬铏燂紙绱勫崰 7%锛夈€佸悕瑭炴蹇碉紙绱勫崰 20%锛夛紱鏁樿堪椤屽寘鎷細鏁樿堪椤�銆佽▓绠楅鍜屽晱绛�
椤岋紙浠ユ晿杩伴鍜屽晱绛旈鐐轰富锛屽皯閲忚▓绠楅锛�銆�
涓�銆佸京(f霉)缈�(x铆)閲嶉粸
绯�銆佽剛銆佽泲鐧借唱(zh矛)鍜屾牳閰哥殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佹€ц唱(zh矛)銆佸姛鑳藉強浠ｈ瑵锛涢伜鍌充俊鎭偝閬炵殑鍖栧(xu茅)鍩虹(ch菙)銆�
鍥涖€佽绋嬪京(f霉)缈�(x铆)澶х侗
绗� 1 绔� 绯栧拰绲�(ji茅)鍚堢硸
鏈珷閲嶉粸鍜岄洠榛烇細澶氱硸銆佺祼(ji茅)鍚堢硸鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屽姛鑳�
1锛�1 鍠硸
1锛�1锛� 1 鍠硸鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
1锛�1锛� 2 鍠硸鐨勬€ц唱(zh矛)
1. 1锛� 3 鍠硸鐨勯噸瑕佽鐢熺墿
1锛�2 绲�(ji茅)鍚堢硸
1锛�2锛� 1 鑲借仛绯�
1锛�2锛� 2 绯栬泲鐧�
1锛�2锛� 3 铔嬬櫧鑱氱硸
绗� 2 绔� 鑴�
鏈珷閲嶉粸鍜岄洠榛烇細纾疯剛銆佺硸鑴傜殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屽姛鑳�
2锛�1 涓夎剛閰扮敇娌�
2锛�1锛�1 鑴傝偑閰�
2锛�1锛�2 涓夎剛閰扮敇娌圭殑鐞嗗寲鎬ц唱(zh矛)
绗� 3 绔� 铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)
鏈珷閲嶉粸鍜岄洠榛烇細姘ㄥ熀閰哥殑鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛岃偨閸电殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛岃泲鐧借唱(zh矛)涓€绱氱祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屾脯瀹�锛屼簩绱氱祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜岄珮
绱氱祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍙婅垏鍔熻兘鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯�
3锛�1 铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)姒傝珫
3锛�1锛�1 铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鐨勫寲瀛�(xu茅)绲勬垚鍙婂垎椤�
3锛�1锛�2 铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鍒嗗瓙鐨勬(g貌u)璞�
3锛�2 姘ㄥ熀閰�
3锛�2锛�1 姘ㄥ熀閰哥殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
3锛�2锛�2 姘ㄥ熀閰哥殑妲�(g貌u)鍨�銆佹棆鍏夋€�銆佸厜鍚告敹鎬у拰鍋�(c猫)閺堟サ鎬�
3锛�2锛�3 姘ㄥ熀閰哥殑閰稿牽鎬ц唱(zh矛)
3锛�2锛�4 姘ㄥ熀閰哥殑鍖栧(xu茅)鎬ц唱(zh矛)
3锛�2锛�5 姘ㄥ熀閰哥殑鍒嗛洟鍜屽垎鏋�
3锛�3 鑲�
3锛�3锛�1 鑲藉拰鑲介嵉鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
3锛�3锛�2 鑲界殑閲嶈鎬ц唱(zh矛)
3锛�4 铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)涓€绱氱祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
3锛�4锛�1 铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)灞ゆ
3锛�4锛�2 铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)涓€绱氱祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
3锛�4锛�3 铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)涓€绱氱祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)娓畾
3锛�4锛�4 铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)涓€绱氱祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鑸囩敓鐗╁姛鑳�
3锛�5 铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)浜岀礆绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜岀簴缍媭铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)
3锛�5锛�1 鑲介張鐨勬(g貌u)璞�
3锛�5锛�2 铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)浜岀礆绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勫熀鏈鍨�
3锛�5锛�3 瓒呬簩绱氱祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
3锛�5锛�4 绾栫董鐙€铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)
3锛�6 铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)涓夌礆绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佸洓绱氱祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鑸囧姛鑳�
3锛�6锛�1 铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鐨勪竴绱氱祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)姹哄畾楂樼礆绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
3锛�6锛�2 缍寔涓夌礆绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勪綔鐢ㄥ姏
3锛�6锛�3 鐞冪媭铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍩熷拰涓夌礆绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勫姛鑳�
3锛�6锛�4 铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鍥涚礆绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鑸囧姛鑳�
3锛�6锛�5 鍏嶇柅鐞冭泲鐧界殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鑸囧姛鑳�
3锛�7 铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鐨勬€ц唱(zh矛)鍙婃噳(y墨ng)鐢�
3锛�7锛�1 铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鍏╂€ф€ц唱(zh矛)鍙婃噳(y墨ng)鐢�
3锛�7锛�2 鑶犻珨鎬ц唱(zh矛)鑸囪泲鐧借唱(zh矛)娌夋穩
3锛�7锛�3 铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鐨勮畩鎬�
3锛�7锛�4 鍒嗛洟绱斿寲铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鐨勪富瑕佹柟娉�
绗� 4 绔� 閰�
鏈珷閲嶉粸鍜岄洠榛烇細閰剁殑鍌寲姗熺悊鍜岄叾淇冨弽鎳�(y墨ng)鍕曞姏瀛�(xu茅)
4锛�1 閰剁殑姒傚康鍙婁綔鐢ㄧ壒榛�
4锛�1锛�1 閰剁殑姒傚康
4锛�1锛�2 閰跺偓鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勭壒榛�
4锛�1锛�3 閰剁殑鍖栧(xu茅)鏈唱(zh矛)
4锛�1锛�4 閰剁殑娲绘€т腑蹇�
4锛�1锛�5 閰跺湪绱拌優鍏�(n猫i)鐨勫垎甯�
4锛�2 閰剁殑鍒嗛鍜屽懡鍚�
4锛�2锛�1 閰剁殑缈�(x铆)鎱ｅ懡鍚�
4锛�2锛�2 閰剁殑鍦嬮殯绯荤当(t菕ng)鍛藉悕
4锛�2锛�3 閰剁殑绯荤当(t菕ng)鍒嗛鍙婄法铏�
4锛�2锛�4 鎸夐叾铔嬬櫧鍒嗗瓙鐨勭祫鎴愬垎椤�
4锛�2锛�5 鍚屽伐閰�銆佽獦灏�(d菐o)閰�
4锛�3 閰剁殑鍌寲姗熺悊
4锛�3锛�1 閰跺偓鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)楂樻晥鎬х殑姗熺悊
4锛�3锛�2 閰跺偓鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)灏堜竴鎬х殑姗熺悊
4锛�3锛�3 閰朵綔鐢ㄦ鐞嗚垑渚�
4锛�4 閰朵績鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍕曞姏瀛�(xu茅)
4锛�4锛�1 閰剁殑閲忓害
4锛�4锛�2 搴曠墿婵冨害灏嶉叾淇冨弽鎳�(y墨ng)閫熷害鐨勫奖闊�
4锛�4锛�3 pH 鍊煎皪閰朵績鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)閫熷害鐨勫奖闊�
4锛�4锛�4 婧害灏嶉叾淇冨弽鎳�(y墨ng)閫熷害鐨勫奖闊�
4锛�4锛�5 閰舵績搴﹀皪閰朵績鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)閫熷害鐨勫奖闊�
4锛�4锛�6 婵€娲诲姂灏嶉叾淇冨弽鎳�(y墨ng)閫熷害鐨勫奖闊�
4锛�4锛�7 鎶戝埗鍔戝皪閰朵績鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)閫熷害鐨勫奖闊�
4锛�4锛�8 鏈夋浠嬭唱(zh矛)涓殑閰朵績鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)
4锛�5 閰舵椿鎬х殑瑾�(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)
4锛�5锛�1 鍒ユ(g貌u)鏁堟噳(y墨ng)瑾�(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)
4锛�5锛�2 鍏卞児瑾�(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)閰�
4锛�5锛�3 閰跺師鐨勬縺娲�
4锛�5锛�4 澶氶叾楂旂郴瑾�(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)
绗� 5 绔� 鏍搁吀
鏈珷閲嶉粸鍜岄洠榛烇細DNA銆丷NA 鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屾€ц唱(zh矛)
5锛�1 鏍搁吀鐨勫寲瀛�(xu茅)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
5锛�1锛�1 鍫垮熀
5锛�1锛�2 鏍歌嫹
5锛�1锛�3 鏍告様閰�
5锛�2 DNA 鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
5锛�2锛�1 DNA 鐨勪竴绱氱祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
5锛�2锛�2 DNA 鐨勪簩绱氱祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
5锛�2锛�3 DNA 绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勪笉鍧囦竴鎬у拰澶氬舰鎬�
5锛�2锛�4 鐠�(hu谩n)鐙€ DNA
5锛�2锛�5 鏌撹壊楂旂殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
5锛�3 RNA 鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
5锛�3锛�1 RNA 鐨勯鍨嬪拰绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗归粸
5锛�3锛�2 tRNA 鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屽姛鑳�
5锛�3锛�3 mRNA 鏇茬祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屽姛鑳�
5. 3. 4 rRNA 鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屽姛鑳�
5锛�4 鏍搁吀鐨勬€ц唱(zh矛)
5锛�4锛�1 瑙ｉ洟鎬ц唱(zh矛)
5锛�4锛�2 姘磋В鎬ц唱(zh矛)
5锛�4锛�3 鍏夊惛鏀舵€ц唱(zh矛)
5锛�4锛�4 娌夐檷鐗规€�
5锛�4锛�5 璁婃€�銆佸京(f霉)鎬у強闆滀氦
5锛�5 鏍搁吀鐮旂┒鎶€琛�(sh霉)
5锛�5锛�1 鏍搁吀鐨勫垎闆㈢磾鍖�
5锛�5锛�2 闄愬埗鎬ф牳閰稿収(n猫i)鍒囬叾
5锛�5锛�3 DNA 鐗╃悊鍦栬瓬
5锛�5锛�4 鍒嗗瓙闆滀氦
5锛�5锛�5 DNA 搴忓垪鍒嗘瀽
5锛�5锛�6 DNA 鐨勫寲瀛�(xu茅)鍚堟垚
绗� 6 绔� 缍敓绱犺垏杓旈叾
鏈珷閲嶉粸鍜岄洠榛烇細鑴傛憾鎬х董鐢熷鐨勬椿鎬у舰寮忚垏鍔熻兘锛涙按婧舵€х董鐢熺礌鑸囪紨閰剁殑闂�(gu膩n)绯�
6锛�1 鑴傛憾鎬х董鐢熷
6锛�1锛�1 缍敓绱� A 鑸囪儭铇垮崪绱�
6锛�1锛�2 缍敓绱� D
6锛�1锛�3 缍敓绱� E
6锛�1锛�4 缍敓绱� K
6锛�2 姘存憾鎬х董鐢熺礌鑸囪紨閰�
6锛�2锛�1 缍敓绱� B1
6锛�2锛�2 缍敓绱� B2
6锛�2锛�3 缍敓鎰� B3
6锛�2锛�4 缍敓绱� B5
6锛�2锛�5 缍敓绱� B6
6锛�2锛�6 缍敓绱� B7
6锛�2锛�7 缍敓绱� B11
6锛�2锛�8 缍敓绱� B12
6锛�2. 9 纭緵閰�
6锛�2锛�10 缍敓绱� C
绗� 7 绔� 婵€绱�
鏈珷閲嶉粸鍜岄洠榛烇細婵€绱犵殑浣滅敤姗熺悊鍙婇噸瑕佺殑鐢熺悊鍔熻兘
7. 1 姒傝珫
7锛�1锛�1 婵€绱犵殑姒傚康
7锛�1锛�2 婵€绱犵殑鍒嗛
7锛�1锛�3 婵€绱犵殑浣滅敤鐗归粸
7锛�2 婵€绱犵殑鍒嗘硨鑸囨帶鍒�
7锛�2锛�1 涓嬩笜鑵﹀垎娉岀殑婵€绱�
7锛�2锛�2 鍨傞珨鍒嗘硨鐨勬縺绱�
7锛�2锛�3 鑵洪珨鍒嗘硨鐨勬縺绱�
7锛�2锛�4 婵€绱犵殑鍒嗘硨鑸囨帶鍒�
7锛�3 婵€绱犵殑浣滅敤姗熺悊
7锛�3锛�1 鍙楅珨鍙婄壒榛�
7锛�3锛�2 cAMP鈥擟a2+ -閳ｈ(di脿o)铔嬬櫧婵€娲昏泲鐧芥縺閰堕€斿緫
7锛�3锛�3 IP3銆丆a2+-閳ｈ(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)铔嬬櫧婵€閰堕€斿緫
7锛�3锛�4 鍙楅珨涓€閰皑閰歌泲鐧芥縺閰堕€斿緫
7锛�3锛�5 绱拌優鍏�(n猫i)鍙楅珨閫斿緫
绗� 8 绔� 绯栦唬璎�
鏈珷閲嶉粸鍜岄洠榛烇細绯栫殑鍒嗚В浠ｈ瑵锛屽悇绋硸浠ｈ瑵閫斿緫鐨勭浉浜掗棞(gu膩n)绯�
8锛�1 绯栭叺瑙�
8锛�1锛�1 閰佃В鑸囩櫦(f膩)閰�
8锛�1锛�2 绯栭叺瑙ｉ€斿緫
8锛�1锛�3 鍏跺畠鍠硸閫插叆绯栭叺瑙ｉ€斿緫
8锛�1锛�4 涔抽吀鐨勭敓鎴�
8锛�1锛�5 涔欓唶鐨勭敓鎴�
8锛�1锛�6 绯栭叺瑙ｇ殑瑾�(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)
8锛�2 涓夌晶閰稿惊鐠�(hu谩n)
8锛�2锛�1 涓欓叜閰哥敓鎴愪箼閰� CoA
8锛�2锛�2 涓夌晶閰稿惊鐠�(hu谩n)
8锛�2锛�3 涓夌晶閰稿惊鐠�(hu谩n)鐨勭敓鐗╁(xu茅)鎰忕京
8锛�2锛�4 涓夌晶閰稿惊鐠�(hu谩n)鐨勫洖瑁滃弽鎳�(y墨ng)
8锛�2锛�5 涔欓啗閰稿惊鐠�(hu谩n)
8锛�3 纾烽吀宸茬硸鏀矾
8锛�3锛�1 鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)閫斿緫
8锛�3锛�2 纾烽吀宸茬硸鏀矾鐨勭敓鐗╁(xu茅)鎰忕京
8.4 绯栫殑鍚堟垚浠ｈ瑵
8锛�4锛�1 钁¤悇绯栫殑鐢熸垚
8锛�4锛�2 绯栫暟鐢熶綔鐢�
8锛�4锛�3 绯栧師鐨勫悎鎴�
绗� 9 绔� 鑴備唬璎�
鏈珷閲嶉粸鍜岄洠榛烇細鑴傝偑閰哥殑鍒嗚В鍜屽悎鎴�
9锛�1 鑴傞鐨勬秷鍖�銆佸惛鏀跺拰杞�(zhu菐n)閬�
9锛�1锛�1 鑴傞鐨勬秷鍖栧拰鍚告敹
9锛�1锛�2 鑴傞鐨勮綁(zhu菐n)閬�
9锛�1锛�3 璨剛鐨勫嫊鐢�
9锛�2 鐢樻补涓夐叝鐨勫垎瑙ｄ唬璎�
9锛�2. 1 鐢樻补涓夐叝鐨勬按瑙�
9锛�2锛�2 鐢樻补浠ｈ瑵
9锛�2锛�3 鑴傝偑閰哥殑(姘у寲
9锛�2锛�4 涓嶉＝鍜岃剛鑲吀鐨�(姘у寲
9锛�2锛�5 濂囨暩(sh霉)纰宠剛鑲吀鐨�(姘у寲
9锛�2锛�6 鑴傝偑閰哥殑鍏跺畠姘у寲閫斿緫
9锛�2锛�7 閰珨浠ｈ瑵閫斿緫
9锛�3 鑴傝偑鐨勫悎鎴愪唬璎�
9锛�3锛�1 鑴傝偑閰哥殑寰為牠鍚堟垚
9锛�3锛�2 鑴傝偑閰哥⒊閺堢殑寤堕暦鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)
9锛�3锛�3 涓嶉＝鍜岃剛鑲吀鐨勫悎鎴�
9锛�3锛�4 鍚勭祫绻斾腑鑴傝偑浠ｈ瑵鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯�
9锛�3锛�5 鑴備唬璎濊垏绯栦唬璎濈殑鐗归粸
9锛�3锛�6 鑴備唬璎濊垏绯栦唬璎濈殑闂�(gu膩n)绯�
9锛�4 纾疯剛浠ｈ瑵
9锛�4锛�1 鐢樻补纾疯剛鐨勬按瑙�
9锛�4锛�2 纾疯剛鐨勫悎鎴�
绗� 10 绔� 姘ㄥ熀閰镐唬璎�
鏈珷閲嶉粸鍜岄洠榛烇細灏跨礌寰挵(hu谩n)銆佹皑鍩洪吀鍒嗚В鑸囦笁缇ч吀寰挵(hu谩n)鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯伙紝姘ㄥ熀閰哥殑鍚堟垚
10锛�1 铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)闄嶈В鍙婃爱骞宠
10锛�1锛�1 铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鐨勬秷鍖栧惛鏀�
10锛�1锛�2 姘ㄥ熀閰镐唬璎濆韩
10锛�1锛�3 姘钩琛�
10锛�2 姘ㄥ熀閰稿垎瑙ｄ唬璎�
10锛�2锛�1 鑴皑鍩轰綔鐢�
10锛�2锛�2 鑴晶鍩轰綔鐢�
10锛�2锛�3 姘ㄧ殑鍘诲悜
10锛�2锛�4 姘ㄥ熀閰哥⒊鏋剁殑鍘诲悜
10锛�2锛�5 鐢辨皑鍩洪吀琛嶇敓鐨勫叾瀹冮噸瑕佺墿璩�(zh矛)
10锛�2锛�6 姘ㄥ熀閰镐唬璎濈己闄风櫏
10锛�3 姘ㄥ熀閰稿悎鎴愪唬璎�
10锛�3锛�1 姘ㄥ熀閰稿悎鎴愪腑鐨勬爱婧愬拰纰虫簮
10锛�3锛�2 鑴傝偑鏃忔皑鍩洪吀鍚堟垚閫斿緫
10锛�3锛�3 鑺抽鏃忔皑鍩洪吀鍚堟垚閫斿緫
10锛�3锛�4 姘ㄥ熀閰稿悎鎴愮殑瑾�(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)
10锛�3锛�5 骞剧ó閲嶈鐨勬皑鍩洪吀琛嶇敓鐗╃殑鍚堟垚
绗� 11 绔� 鏍搁吀鐨勯檷瑙ｅ拰鏍歌嫹閰镐唬璎�
鏈珷閲嶉粸鍜岄洠榛烇細鍢屽懁鐠�(hu谩n)鐨勫悎鎴愩€佸槯鍟剁挵(hu谩n)鐨勫悎鎴�銆佽劔姘ф牳绯栨牳鑻﹂吀鐨勫悎鎴�
11锛�1 鏍搁吀鍜屾牳鑻﹂吀鐨勫垎瑙ｄ唬璎�
11锛�1锛�1 鏍搁吀鐨勯檷瑙�
11锛�1锛�2 鏍歌嫹閰哥殑闄嶈В
11锛�1锛�3 鍢屽懁鍫跨殑鍒嗚В
11锛�1锛�4 鍢у暥鍫跨殑鍒嗚В
11锛�2 鍢屽懁鏍歌嫹閰哥殑鍚堟垚
11锛�1锛�1 寰為牠鍚堟垚
11锛�1锛�2 瑁滄晳閫斿緫
11锛�3 鍢у暥鏍歌嫹閰哥殑鍚堟垚
11锛�3锛�1 寰為牠鍚堟垚
11锛�3锛�2 瑁滄晳閫斿緫
11锛�4 鑴哀鏍哥硸鏍歌嫹閰哥殑鍚堟垚
11锛�4锛�1 鏍哥硸鏍歌嫹閰哥殑閭勫師
11锛�4锛�2 鑳歌吅鍢у暥鏍歌嫹閰哥殑鍚堟垚
11锛�5 杓旈叾鏍歌嫹閰哥殑鍚堟垚
11锛�5锛�1 鐓欓叞鑳烘牳鑻烽吀鐨勫悎鎴�
11锛�5锛�2 榛冪礌鏍歌嫹閰哥殑鍚堟垚
11锛�5锛�3 杓旈叾 A 鐨勫悎鎴�
绗� 12 绔� 鐢熺墿姘у寲鑸囨哀鍖栫７閰稿寲
鏈珷閲嶉粸鍜岄洠榛烇細闆诲瓙鍌抽仦銆丄TP 鐨勭敓鐗╁悎鎴�
12锛�1 鐢熺墿鑳藉(xu茅)绨′粙
12锛�1锛�1 鍖栧(xu茅)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勮嚜鐢辫兘
12锛�1锛�2 鑷敱鑳借畩鍖栬垏鍖栧(xu茅)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)骞宠 甯告暩(sh霉)鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯�
12锛�1锛�3 妯欐簴鑷敱鑳借畩鍖栫殑鍔犲拰鎬�
12锛�1锛�4 楂樿兘纾烽吀鍖栧悎鐗�
12锛�1锛�5 鐢熺墿姘у寲鐨勬蹇靛拰鐗归粸
12锛�2 绶氱矑楂旈浕瀛愬偝閬�
12锛�2锛�1 闆诲瓙鍌抽仦閬庣▼
12锛�2锛�2 闆诲瓙鍌抽仦閺�
12锛�2锛�3 闆诲瓙鍌抽仦閺堟湁闂�(gu膩n)鐨勯叾鍜岃級楂�
12锛�2锛�4 闆诲瓙鍌抽仦閺堢殑鎶戝埗鍔�
12锛�3 姘у寲纾烽吀鍖栦綔
12锛�3锛�1 姘у寲纾烽吀鍖栫殑姒傚康
12锛�3锛�2 P锛廜 姣斿拰鐢� ADP 褰㈡垚 ATP 鐨勯儴浣�
12锛�3锛�3 闆诲瓙鍌抽仦鍜� ATP 褰㈡垚鐨勫伓鑱�(li谩n)鍙婅(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)姗熷埗
12锛�3锛�4 姘у寲纾烽吀鍖栫殑鍋惰伅(li谩n)姗熺悊
12锛�3锛�5 姘у寲纾烽吀鍖栫殑瑙ｅ伓鑱�(li谩n)
绗� 13 绔� DNA 鐨勫京(f霉)鍒跺拰淇京(f霉)
鏈珷閲嶉粸鍜岄洠榛烇細DNA 寰�(f霉)鍒剁殑鐗归粸銆佸弮鑸囧洜瀛�銆佸京(f霉)鍒堕亷绋�銆丏NA 鐨勬悕鍌疯垏淇京(f霉)
13锛�1 DNA 鐨勫京(f霉)鍒�
13锛�1锛�1 DNA 鐨勫崐淇濈暀寰�(f霉)鍒�
13锛�1锛�2 寰�(f霉)鍒惰捣榛炲拰寰�(f霉)鍒跺柈浣�
13锛�1锛�3 DNA 鑱氬悎鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鏈夐棞(gu膩n)鐨勯叾
13锛�1锛�4 DNA 鐨勫崐涓嶉€ｇ簩(x霉)寰�(f霉)鍒�
13锛�1锛�5 DNA 寰�(f霉)鍒剁殑鎷撴挷鎬ц唱(zh矛)
13锛�1锛�6 DNA 寰�(f霉)鍒堕珨鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
13锛�1锛�7 鐪熸牳鐢熺墿 DNA 鐨勫京(f霉)鍒�
13锛�1锛�8 DNA 寰�(f霉)鍒剁殑瑾�(di脿o)鎺�
13锛�2 DNA 鐨勬悕鍌峰強淇京(f霉)
13锛�2锛�1 鍏夊京(f霉)娲�
13锛�2锛�2 鍒囬櫎淇京(f霉)
13锛�2锛�3 閲嶇祫淇京(f霉)
13锛�2锛�4 瑾樺皫(d菐o)淇京(f霉)鍜屾噳(y墨ng)鎬ュ弽鎳�(y墨ng)
13锛�3 RNA 鎸囧皫(d菐o) nNA 鐨勫悎鎴�
13锛�3锛�1 鍙嶈綁(zhu菐n)閷勯叾
13锛�3锛�2 鐥呮瘨 RNA 鐨勫弽杞�(zhu菐n)閷�
13锛�3锛�3 鍙嶈綁(zhu菐n)閷勭殑鐢熺墿瀛�(xu茅)鎰忕京
绗� 14 绔� RNA 鐨勭敓鐗╁悎鎴�
鏈珷閲嶉粸鍜岄洠榛烇細RNA 鐨勫悎鎴愰亷绋嬨€佸弮鑸囧洜瀛�锛孯NA 杞�(zhu菐n)閷勫悗鐨勫姞宸ヨ垏淇＞
14锛�1 杞�(zhu菐n)閷�
14锛�1锛�1 RNA 鑱氬悎閰�
14锛�1锛�2 杞�(zhu菐n)閷勯亷绋�
14锛�1锛�3 鍟熷嫊瀛愬拰杞�(zhu菐n)閷勫洜瀛�
14锛�1锛�4 绲傛浜庡拰绲傛鍥犲瓙
14锛�1锛�5 杞�(zhu菐n)閷勯亷绋嬬殑瑾�(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)鎺у埗
14锛�2 杞�(zhu菐n)閷勫悗鐨勫姞宸�
14锛�2锛�1 鍘熸牳鐢熺墿 RNA 鍔犲伐
14锛�2锛�2 鐪熸牳鐢熺墿 RNA 鐨勫姞宸�
14锛�2锛�3 RNA 鐨勬嫾鎺ュ拰鍌寲姗熺悊
14锛�3 RNA 鐨勫京(f霉)鍒�
14锛�3锛�1 鍣弻楂� QB RNA 鐨勫京(f霉)鍒�
14锛�3锛�2 鐥呮瘨 RNA 寰�(f霉)鍒剁殑涓昏鏂瑰紡
绗� 15 绔� 铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鐨勭敓鐗╁悎鎴�
鏈珷閲嶉粸鍜岄洠榛烇細铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鍚堟垚閬庣▼鍙婂悇绋弮鑸囧洜瀛愮殑鍔熻兘銆佸悎鎴愬悗鐨勮几閫佽垏鍔犲伐
15锛�1 閬哄偝瀵嗙⒓
15锛�1锛�1 閬哄偝瀵嗙⒓鐨勭⒑瀹�
15锛�1锛�2 閬哄偝瀵嗙⒓鐨勭壒榛�
15锛�2 铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鐢熺墿鍚堟垚涓殑鐢熺墿澶у垎瀛�
15锛�2锛�1 mRNA
15锛�2锛�2 rRNA
15锛�2锛�3 鏍哥硸楂�
15锛�2锛�4 杓斿姪鍥犲瓙
15锛�3 铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鐢熺墿鍚堟垚鐨勯亷绋�
15锛�3锛�1 鍘熸牳鐢熺墿铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鐨勫悎鎴愰亷绋�
15锛�3锛�2 鐪熸牳鐢熺墿铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鐨勫悎鎴愰亷绋�
15锛�3锛�3 mRNA 鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鑸囩炕璀�
15锛�3锛�4 铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鍚堟垚鐨勬姂鍒跺姂
15锛�4 澶氳偨鍚堟垚鍚庣殑瀹氬悜杓搁€佽垏鍔犲伐
15锛�4锛�1 淇¤櫉鑲藉強淇¤櫉鑲界殑璀樺垾
15锛�4锛�2 鍏�(n猫i)璩�(zh矛)缍�(w菐ng)涓婂鑲界殑绯栧熀鍖栦慨椋�
15锛�4锛�3 楂樼埦鍩洪珨涓鑲界殑绯栧熀鍖栦慨椋惧強澶氳偨鐨勫垎椤�
15锛�4锛�4 绶氱矑楂�銆佽憠缍犻珨铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鐨勪締婧�
绗� 16 绔� 绱拌優浠ｈ瑵鍜屽熀鍥犺〃閬旂殑瑾�(di脿o)鎺�
鏈珷閲嶉粸鍜岄洠榛烇細绯�銆佽剛銆佽泲鐧借唱(zh矛)浠ｈ瑵鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯�锛屽熀鍥犺〃閬旂殑瑾�(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)
16锛�1 浠ｈ瑵閫斿緫鐨勭浉浜掗棞(gu膩n)绯�
16锛�1锛�1 浠ｈ瑵閫斿緫浜ゅ弶褰㈡垚缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)
16锛�1锛�2 鍒嗚В浠ｈ瑵鑸囧悎鎴愪唬璎濈殑鍠悜鎬�
16锛�1锛�3 ATP 鏄€氱敤鐨勮兘閲忚級楂�
16. 1锛�4 NADPH 浠ラ倓鍘熷姏褰㈠紡鏀滃付鑳介噺
16锛�2 閰舵椿鎬х殑瑾�(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)
16锛�2锛�1 閰朵績鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勫墠楗嬪拰鍙嶉
16锛�2锛�2 鐢�(ch菐n)鑳藉弽鎳�(y墨ng)鑸囬渶鑳藉弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勮(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)
16锛�2锛�3 閰剁殑閫ｇ簩(x霉)婵€娲诲拰鍏卞児淇＞
16. 3 绱拌優绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)灏嶄唬璎濋€斿緫鐨勫垎闅旀帶鍒�
16锛�3锛�1 绱拌優绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜岄叾鐨勭┖闁撳垎甯�
16锛�3锛�2 绱拌優绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)灏嶄唬璎濈殑瑾�(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)鎺у埗浣滅敤
16锛�3. 3 铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鐨勫畾浣嶆帶鍒�
16锛�4 绁炵稉(j墨ng)鍜屾縺绱犲皪绱拌優浠ｈ瑵鐨勮(di脿o)鎺�
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