TEXT FOURTEEN

A line of water bottles that had become a symbol of environmental responsibility has been removed from the shelves of Canada's leading outdoor gear retailer over concerns about a chemical used in its manufacture.

The Mountain Equipment Co-op, which is based in Vancouver, British Columbia, removed the bottles, sold under the brand name Nalgene, and other polycarbonate containers from its 11 large-scale stores on Wednesday. The retailer said that it would not restock the bottles, which are made by Nalge Nunc International in Rochester, a unit of Thermo Fisher Scientific, until Health Canada completed a review of bisphenol-a, or B.P.A., a chemical used to make hard, transparent plastics as well as liners for food cans. ''We've been following the B.P.A. issue for at least three years,'' said Tim Southam, a spokesman for Mountain Equipment. ''The decision we've taken this week does not mean that polycarbonate products will never return to our stores. We're just seeking some certainty about this chemical.''

Church and environmental groups in Canada have mounted campaigns against bottled water because of concerns about the huge amount of plastic used in containers. As a result, the reusable Nalgene bottles have become ubiquitous on college campuses and elsewhere.

Polycarbonate plastic, which can only be produced by using B.P.A., creates bottles that are transparent and almost as hard as glass, but particularly shatter-resistant. Recently, however, the use of B.P.A.-based plastics in food containers has been questioned in Canada by Environmental Defence , a Toronto-based group. Environmentalists in the United States are also raising concerns about the chemical. Last year, San Francisco's board of governors passed a local law banning the use of the chemical in children's products. B.P.A. was removed from the ordinance before it went into effect, however, after an industry lawsuit. Critics point to studies dating back to 1936 showing that the chemical can disrupt the hormonal system.

While there is little dispute about that, the plastics industry, supported by several studies from government agencies in Japan, North America and Europe, contends that polycarbonate bottles contain very little of the chemical and release only insignificant amounts of B.P.A. into the bodies of users. ''Rarely has a chemical been the subject of such intense scientific testing and scrutiny, and still, important agencies across the globe agree that there is no danger posed to humans from polycarbonate bottles,'' Tom Cummins, the director of research and development at Nalge Nunc, said in a statement.

Rick Smith, the executive director of Environmental Defence, said that a paper published by 38 scientists after a government-sponsored conference in the United States found that the lack of research on the effects of B.P.A. on humans was a concern that required further investigation. Steven G. Hentges, the executive director of the American Chemistry Council's polycarbonate group, takes issue with that report's worries and points to a separate expert panel report published by the United States Department of Health and Human Services last month. In its 396-page report, which looked only at the impact of B.P.A. on reproduction, the panel said it had ''negligible concern'' about the chemical's effect on adult reproductive systems but raised some concerns about its impact on children and pregnant women.

1. The word 鈥渦biquitous鈥� (Line 2, Paragraph 3) most probably means_____.

[A] omnipresent

[B] popular

[C] common

[D] usual

2锛嶹hich one of the following statements is TURE of the local law passed by San Francisco's board of governors?

[A] this law forbade the use of B.P.A. in food containers for children

[B] this law was not enforced because of an industry lawsuit that was against the use of B.P.A

[C] this law was revised to allow B.P.A. be used in children鈥檚 products

[D] this law went into effect before B.P.A. was removed

3. According to Tom Cummins, which one of the following is NOT true of B.P.A.?

[A] B.P.A. is rarely tested and scrutinized so intensely.

[B] The testing and scrutiny done to the other chemical are no comparison with that to B.P.A.

[C] That Polycarbonate bottles containing B.P.A. are not dangerous to humans is supported by multiple evidence.

[D] Polycarbonate bottles containing B.P.A. can be used safely by humans.

4锛嶧rom the separate expert panel report it can be inferred that____.

[A] B.S.A. has no effect on reproduction

[B] B.S.A. has trifling impact on children and pregnant women

[C] B.S.A. has trifling impact on adult reproductive systems

[D] B.S.A. has great effect on reproduction.

5. The author鈥檚 attitude to the use of Nalgene bottles is _____.

[A] negative

[B] positive

[C] biased

[D] unclear

鏂囩珷鍓栨瀽锛�

閫欑瘒鏂囩珷浠嬬垂浜嗚仛纰抽吀閰摱琚挙浜嬩欢鍙婄浉闂滅殑鍘熷洜銆傜涓€娈�銆佺浜屾浠嬬垂浜嗚仛纰抽吀閰摱琚晢瀹舵挙鏌滄儏娉�锛涚涓夋璎涜堪瑭茬摱瀛愯垐鐩涜捣渚嗙殑鍘熷洜锛涚鍥涙璎涜堪灏嶅埗閫犺┎鐡跺瓙鐨勫寲瀛哥墿璩�(zh矛)B.P.A浜哄€戠殑涓€浜涙摂鎲�锛涚浜旀銆佺鍏鍒嗗垾鍒楀嚭涓€浜涗汉鐐鸿┎鐡跺瓙灏嶄汉椤炴矑鏈夊嵄瀹崇殑鐮旂┒鍜岃⿻璜�銆�

瑭炲尟娉ㄩ噵锛�

polycarbonate n.鑱氱⒊閰搁叝 disrupt v.浣跨摝瑙�, 鐮村

ubiquitous adj.鍒拌檿瀛樺湪鐨� shatter-resistant adj. 闃叉憯鐨�

闆ｅ彞绐佺牬锛�

(1) The retailer said that it would not restock the bottles, which are made by Nalge Nunc International in Rochester, a unit of Thermo Fisher Scientific, until Health Canada completed a review of bisphenol-a, or B.P.A., a chemical used to make hard, transparent plastics as well as liners for food cans.

[涓婚珨鍙ュ紡] The retailer said that it would not 鈥ntil鈥�

[绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍒嗘瀽] 閫欐槸涓€鍊嬬啊鍠彞锛岃硴瑾炲緸鍙ユ瘮杓冨京闆�銆傝┎璩撹獮寰炲彞鐐哄付鏈夋檪闁撶媭瑾炲緸鍙ョ殑寰╅洔鍙�锛涜┎寰炲彞涓紝璩撹獮bottles鍚庢湁涓€鍊嬩互which寮曞皫鐨勯潪闄愬畾鎬у畾瑾炲緸鍙�锛屽湪瑭插畾瑾炲緸鍙ヤ腑锛宎 unit鈥︽槸鍓嶉潰Nalge Nunc International鐨勫悓浣嶈獮锛涘湪鏅傞枔鐙€瑾炲緸鍙ヤ腑锛宎 chemical used 鈥︽槸鍓嶉潰B.P.A鐨勫悓浣嶈獮銆�

[鍙ュ瓙璀枃] 瑭查浂鍞晢绋变笉鏈冨啀閲嶆柊閫查€欎簺鐡跺瓙锛岀洿鍒扳€滃仴搴峰姞鎷垮ぇ鈥濆畬鎴愪簡闆欓厷a锛圔.P.A.锛夌殑瑾�(di脿o)鏌ュ悗鍐嶈€冩叜銆傞€欎簺鐡跺瓙鏄疶hermo Fisher Scientific涓嬪爆鐨勪竴鍊嬪柈浣嶏紝浣嶄簬缇呭竟鏂壒鐨凬alge Nunc鍦嬮殯鍒堕€犵殑銆傞洐閰歛 鏄竴绋敤浜庡埗閫犻€忔槑鐨勯珮纭害濉戞枡鍙婇鐗╃綈閼叉鐨勫寲瀛哥墿璩�(zh矛)銆�

(2) Rick Smith, the executive director of Environmental Defence, said that a paper published by 38 scientists after a government-sponsored conference in the United States found that the lack of research on the effects of B.S.A. on humans was a concern that required further investigation.

[涓婚珨鍙ュ紡] Rick Smith said that a paper found that鈥�

[绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍒嗘瀽]閫欐槸涓€鍊嬬啊鍠彞锛屾湁涓€鍊嬪京闆滅殑璩撹獮寰炲彞锛涗富瑾濺ick Smith甯舵湁涓€鍊嬪悓浣嶈獮the executive director of 鈥︼紱鍦ㄨ硴瑾炲緸鍙ヤ腑锛宎 paper鍚庨潰鏄竴鍊嬮亷鍘诲垎瑭炵煭瑾炰綔瀹冪殑瀹氳獮锛屽湪寰炲彞鐨勮硴瑾炲緸鍙ヤ腑鐨勮硴瑾炲悗闈㈡湁涓€鍊媡hat 寮曞皫鐨勫畾瑾炲緸鍙�銆�

[鍙ュ瓙璀枃] 鈥滅挵(hu谩n)澧冮槻琛�(w猫i)鈥濆煼(zh铆)琛岀悊浜嬮噷鍏�·鍙插瘑鏂ū缇庡湅38鍚嶇瀛稿鍦ㄤ竴娆℃斂搴滆硣鍔╃殑鏈冭绲�(ji茅)鏉熷悗鐧�(f膩)琛ㄤ簡涓€绡囪珫鏂�锛岃┎璜栨枃鐧�(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)B.S.A.灏嶄汉椤炵殑褰遍熆鏂归潰鐨勭爺绌朵笉瓒�锛岄渶瑕侀€蹭竴姝ョ殑瑾�(di脿o)鏌�銆�

椤岀洰鍒嗘瀽锛�

1. The word 鈥渦biquitous鈥� (Line 2, Paragraph 3) most probably means_____.

1. 鈥渦biquitou鈥� (绗笁娈电浜岃)鐨勬剰鎬濇渶鏈夊彲鑳芥槸_____銆�

[A] omnipresent

[A] 鐒℃墍涓嶅湪鐨�

[B] popular

[B] 鏅亶鐨�

[C] common

[C] 鏅€氱殑

[D] usual

[D] 骞冲父鐨�

[绛旀]A

[闆ｅ害绯绘暩(sh霉)] 鈽嗏槅鈽�

[鍒嗘瀽] 鐚滆椤屻€傛牴鎿�(j霉)涓婁笅鏂囦締鍒ゆ柗瑭茶鐨勬剰鎬�锛屾枃绔犵鍥涙璎涜堪鐣舵檪鐢变簬鍔犳嬁澶ф暀鏈冨拰鐠�(hu谩n)澧冪祫绻斿洜瀹虫€曞埗閫犲鍣ㄥぇ閲忎娇鐢ㄥ鏂�锛屾墍浠ョ櫦(f膩)鍕曚簡瑷卞閬嬪嫊銆傝€屽洜鐐篘algene鐡跺瓙鍙互閲嶅京浣跨敤锛屽叿鏈夌挵(hu谩n)淇濈壒寰侊紝鍥犳鍦ㄦ牎鍦掑拰瑷卞鍦版柟鎳夎┎鏄櫘鍙婁簡锛屽埌铏曡兘鐪嬪緱鍒颁簡銆傜瓟妗堢偤A銆�

2锛嶹hich one of the following statements is TURE of the local law passed by San Francisco's board of governors?

2. 闂滀簬鑸婇噾灞卞窞闀锋渻璀伴€氶亷鐨勬硶寰嬶紝涓嬪垪鍝€嬮伕闋呮槸姝ｇ⒑鐨�锛�

[A] this law forbade the use of B.P.A. in food containers for children

[A] 瑭叉硶寰嬬姝㈠湪鍏掔鐨勯鍝佸鍣ㄥ埗浣滀腑浣跨敤B.P.A.

[B] this law was not enforced because of an industry lawsuit that was against the use of B.P.A

[B]瑭叉硶寰嬪洜鐐轰竴鍊嬭妤�(y猫)鍙岯.P.A瑷磋鑰屾矑鏈夊緱浠ュ鏂姐€�

[C] this law was revised to allow B.P.A. be used in children鈥檚 products

[C] 瑭叉硶寰嬬稉(j墨ng)淇▊鍚庡厑瑷卞湪鍏掔鐢�(ch菐n)鍝佷腑浣跨敤B.P.A.

[D] this law went into effect before B.P.A was removed

[D] 瑭叉硶寰嬪湪鍘婚櫎B.P.A涔嬪墠宸茬稉(j墨ng)鐢熸晥

[绛旀] C

[闆ｅ害绯绘暩(sh霉)] 鈽嗏槅鈽�

[鍒嗘瀽] 绱扮瘈(ji茅)椤�銆傛枃绔犵鍥涙鎻愬埌鑸婇噾灞卞窞闀锋渻璀版浘缍�(j墨ng)灏遍€氶亷浜嗕竴闋呮硶寰�锛岃┎娉曞緥绂佹鍦ㄥ厭绔ョ敘(ch菐n)鍝佷腑浣跨敤B.P.A., 浣嗘槸閫欏€嬫硶寰嬮倓娌掓湁瀵︽柦鐨勬檪鍊欙紝灏卞洜鐐烘湁涓€鍊嬭妤�(y猫)瑷磋锛孊.P.A.灏卞緸閫欓爡娉曞緥涓厤鍘讳簡?锛熸ⅱ閰濊尠y锛岃┎娉曞緥鍙兘鍚屾檪瑕�(gu墨)瀹氫簡骞剧ó鍖栧鐗╄唱(zh矛)閮戒笉鑳界敤浜庡厭绔ョ敘(ch菐n)鍝佸埗閫犱腑锛屽悗渚嗗彧鏄噸鏂颁慨瑷備簡瑭叉硶寰�锛屽皣B.P.A.闄ゅ幓浜�銆傚洜姝わ紝绛旀C绗﹀悎椤屾剰銆�

3. According to Tom Cummins, which one of the following is NOT true of B.P.A.?

3. 鏍规摎(j霉)婀·鍗℃槑鏂墍瑾殑锛岄棞浜嶣.P.A.涓嬪垪鍝€嬮伕闋呮槸涓嶆纰虹殑锛�

[A] B.P.A. is rarely tested and scrutinized so intensely.

[A] B.P.A.寰堝皯鍙楀埌閫欎箞鍤存牸鐨勫鏌ュ拰娓銆�

[B] The testing and scrutiny done to the other chemical are no comparison with that to B.P.A.

[B] 灏嶅叾浠栧寲瀛哥墿璩�(zh矛)鎵€浣滅殑瀵╂煡鍜屾脯椹楀拰灏岯.P.A.鎵€浣滅殑鏄矑娉曟瘮鐨勩€�

[C] That Polycarbonate bottles containing B.P.A. are not dangerous to humans is supported by multiple evidences.

[C] 鏈夊绋瓑鎿�(j霉)椤ず鍚湁B.P.A.鐨勮仛纰抽吀閰摱瀛愬皪浜洪娌掓湁鍗遍毆銆�

[D] Polycarbonate bottles containing B.P.A. can be used safely by humans.

[D] 鍚湁B.P.A.鍙互璁撲汉椤炲畨鍏ㄥ湴浣跨敤銆�

[绛旀] B

[闆ｅ害绯绘暩(sh霉)] 鈽嗏槅鈽�

[鍒嗘瀽] 绱扮瘈(ji茅)椤�銆傞€欏€嬮鐩槸鏈夐棞婀·鍗℃槑鏂殑鐪嬫硶鐨�锛岄€欏湪绗簲娈垫彁鍙�銆傞伕闋匒銆丅閮芥槸浠栭櫝杩扮殑鍓嶅崐閮ㄥ垎鍏�(n猫i)瀹�锛岄棞閸电湅閫欏€嬪彞瀛愬浣曠悊瑙ｏ細Rarely has a chemical been the subject of such intense scientific testing and scrutiny锛屾剰鎬濇槸瑾緢灏戞湁涓€绋寲瀛哥墿璩�(zh矛)鑳藉彈鍒伴€欎箞鍤存牸鐨勬脯椹�锛屾剰鎬濇槸B.P.A. 鍙楀埌鐨勬脯椹楀緢鍤存牸锛岄偅涔堥伕闋匒鏄尟瑾ょ殑銆傞伕闋匔D绗﹀悎鍚庡崐鍙ョ殑闄宠堪銆�

4锛嶧rom the separate expert panel report it can be inferred that____.

4锛庣敱鐛ㄧ珛灏堝灏忕祫鍫卞憡鍙互鎺ㄦ柗鍑篲____銆�

[A] B.P.A. has no effect on reproduction

[A] B.P.A.灏嶇敓娈栨矑鏈夊奖闊�銆�

[B] B.P.A. has trifling impact on children and pregnant women

[B]B.P.A.灏嶅瀛愬拰鎳峰瓡濠﹀コ鏈夊緢寰急鐨勫奖闊裤€�

[C] B.P.A. has trifling impact on adult reproductive systems

[C]B.P.A. 灏嶆垚浜虹敓娈栫郴绲�(t菕ng)褰遍熆鐢氬井銆�

[D] B.P.A. has great effect on reproduction.

[D]B.P.A.灏嶇敓娈栨湁寰堝ぇ鐨勫奖闊裤€�

[绛旀]C

[闆ｅ害绯绘暩(sh霉)] 鈽嗏槅鈽嗏槅

[鍒嗘瀽] 鎺ㄧ悊椤�銆傞鐩槸闂滀簬鐛ㄧ珛灏堝灏忕祫鍫卞憡鐨�锛岄€欏湪鏂囩珷绗叚娈垫彁鍙�銆傞€欏€嬪牨鍛婂彧鐮旂┒浜咮.P.A.灏嶄簬鐢熸畺鐨勫奖闊匡紝鐮旂┒涓嶆€庝箞鎿旀唫瑭插寲瀛哥墿璩�(zh矛)灏嶆垚浜虹敓娈栫郴绲�(t菕ng)鐨勫奖闊�锛屼絾灏嶈┎鍖栧鐗╄唱(zh矛)灏嶅厭绔ュ拰鎳峰瓡濠﹀コ鐨勫奖闊垮嵒鏈変竴瀹氭摂鎲傘€傜敱姝ゅ彲浠ユ帹鏂�锛岃┎鍖栧鐗╄唱(zh矛)鍙兘灏嶅厭绔ュ拰鎳峰瓡濠﹀コ鏈変竴瀹氬奖闊�锛屼絾灏嶆垚浜虹敓娈栫郴绲�(t菕ng)褰遍熆涓嶅ぇ銆傞伕闋匒瑾矑鏈夊奖闊�锛岄亷浜庣禃灏嶏紝鍥犵偤鏂囦腑澶氭鎻愬埌鏈変竴瀹氬奖闊�锛屼絾鏄笉鏄緢澶�銆傚洜姝�锛岀瓟妗堢偤C銆�

5. The author鈥檚 attitude to the use of Nalgene bottles can be said to be _____.

5. 浣滆€呭皪浜庝娇鐢∟algene鐡跺瓙鐨勬厠(t脿i)搴﹀彲浠ヨ鏄痏____銆�

[A] negative

[A] 鍚﹀畾鐨�

[B] positive

[B] 鑲畾鐨�

[C] biased

[C] 鏈夊亸瑕嬬殑

[D] unclear

[D] 涓嶆槑鏈�

[绛旀]B

[闆ｅ害绯绘暩(sh霉)] 鈽�

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