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銆€銆€46)Ornithologists (鍑洪浜烘敼鐐猴細Scientists) jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them銆�

銆€銆€绉戝(xu茅)瀹跺€戣繀閫熻稌渚�(l谩i)鏁戞彺锛屼粬鍊戜娇鐢ㄧ殑璀夋摎(j霉)鏄庨’绔欎笉浣忚叧锛屽ぇ鎰忔槸瑾�(shu艒)锛氬鏋滈偿(ni菐o)涓嶈兘鎺у埗閫欎簺锜�(ch贸ng)瀛�锛岃煵(ch贸ng)瀛愬氨鏈�(hu矛)鍚冨厜涓€鍒囥€�

銆€銆€47)but we have at least drawn nearer point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of biotic(鍑洪浜烘噳(y墨ng)瑭叉妸biotic鈥滅敓鐗╃殑鈥� 鏀圭偤浜唅ntrinsic鈥滃浐鏈夌殑锛屽収(n猫i)鍦ㄧ殑鈥�) right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us銆�

銆€銆€浣嗘槸鎴戝€戣捣纰煎緱鍒颁簡涓€绋瘮杓冪浉杩戠殑瑙€榛�(di菐n)锛屽嵆锛氭壙瑾�(r猫n)槌�(ni菐o)椤炴噳(y墨ng)瑭茬辜绾�(x霉)浜湁鍏跺浐鏈夌殑鐢熺墿娆�(qu谩n)鍒�锛岃€屼笉绠″畠鍊戞槸鍚﹀皪(du矛)鎴戝€戝叿鏈夌稉(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)鍍�(ji脿)鍊�銆�

銆€銆€48)Time was when biologists somewhat overworked the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing weaklings(鍑洪浜烘妸閫欏€�(g猫)瑭炴敼鐐簍he physically weak)锛� or that they control rodents for the farmer(鍑洪浜烘噳(y墨ng)瑭叉妸閫欏彞鍒櫎浜�)锛� or that they prey only on worthless' species銆�

銆€銆€鏈変竴绋瓑鎿�(j霉)瑾�(r猫n)鐐�锛岄€欎簺鐢熺墿閫氶亷(gu貌)鐛垫寮辫€呬締(l谩i)淇濆瓨鐛电墿鐨勫仴搴风箒琛�锛屾垨鑰呴€欎簺鐢熺墿鎹曟鐨勫彧涓嶉亷(gu貌)鏄鐒�(w煤)鎰忕京鐨勭墿绋�锛涙浘骞句綍鏅�(sh铆)锛岀敓鐗╁(xu茅)瀹舵湁榛�(di菐n)婵敤閫欑ó璀夋摎(j霉)銆�

銆€銆€49)In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of the native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason. 鍦ㄦ瓙娲�锛屽叾鏋楁キ(y猫)鍦ㄧ敓鎱�(t脿i)涓婃洿鍔犵櫦(f膩)閬�(d谩)锛屽叕鐩婃灄鏈ㄨ瑾�(r猫n)鐐烘槸鍘熷妫灄缇よ惤鐨勪竴閮ㄥ垎锛屾湰韬噳(y墨ng)瑭插緱鍒板悎鐞嗕繚璀�(h霉)銆�

銆€銆€50)It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are (as far as we know)(鍛介浜烘妸鍘熸枃鎷櫉(h脿o)閮ㄥ垎鍒櫎浜�) essential to its healthy functioning. 鎴戝€戝緢瀹规槗蹇借锛屽洜鑰屾渶绲傛渻(hu矛)娣樻卑鍦熷湴缇ら珨閲岀殑寰堝閲嶈鍥犵礌锛岄洊鐒堕€欎簺瑕佺礌缂轰箯鍟嗘キ(y猫)鍍�(ji脿)鍊�锛屼絾浠栧€戝皪(du矛)鍦熷湴鐨勫仴搴锋(j墨)鍒跺嵒鑷抽棞(gu膩n)閲嶈銆�

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