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銆€銆€It never rains but it pours. Just as bosses and boards have finally sorted out their worst accounting and compliance troubles, and improved their feeble corporation governance, a new problem threatens to earn them 鈥� especially in America 鈥� the sort of nasty headlines that inevitably lead to heads rolling in the executive suite: data insecurity. Left, until now, to odd, low-level IT staff to put right, and seen as a concern only of data-rich industries such as banking, telecoms and air travel, information protection is now high on the boss鈥檚 agenda in businesses of every variety銆�

銆€銆€Several massive leakages of customer and employee data this year 鈥� from organizations as diverse as Time Warner, the American defense contractor Science Applications International Corp and even the University of California, Berkeley 鈥� have left managers hurriedly peering into their intricate IT systems and business processes in search of potential vulnerabilities銆�

銆€銆€鈥淒ata is becoming an asset which needs to be guarded as much as any other asset,鈥� says Haim Mendelson of Stanford University鈥檚 business school. 鈥淭he ability to guard customer data is the key to market value, which the board is responsible for on behalf of shareholders?锛�?Indeed, just as there is the concept of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP)锛� perhaps it is time for GASP, Generally Accepted Security Practices, suggested Eli Noam of New York鈥檚 Columbia Business School. 鈥淪etting the proper investment level for security, redundancy, and recovery is a management issue, not a technical one,鈥� he says銆�

銆€銆€The mystery is that this should come as a surprise to any boss. Surely it should be obvious to the dimmest executive that trust, that most valuable of economic assets, is easily destroyed and hugely expensive to restore 鈥� and that few things are more likely to destroy trust than a company letting sensitive personal data get into the wrong hands銆�

銆€銆€The current state of affairs may have been encouraged 鈥� though not justified 鈥� by the lack of legal penalty (in America, but not Europe) for data leakage. Until California recently passed a law, American firms did not have to tell anyone, even the victim, when data went astray. That may change fast: lots of proposed data-security legislation is now doing the rounds in Washington, D.C. Meanwhile, the theft of information about some 40 million credit-card accounts in America, disclosed on June 17th, overshadowed a hugely important decision a day earlier by America鈥檚 Federal Trade Commission (FTC) that puts corporate America on notice that regulators will act if firms fail to provide adequate data security銆�

銆€銆€瑭�(p铆ng)鏋愶細閫欑瘒鏂囩珷鐨勬牳蹇冩蹇靛嵆鈥滄暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)娉勬紡锛屽洜姝よ淇濊(h霉)鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鈥�銆傜涓€娈垫彁鍑烘枃绔犱富椤�锛岀浜屾鎻忚堪鍟忛鐝�(xi脿n)璞�锛岀涓夋瑾槑瑕佷繚璀�(h霉)锛岀鍥涙鎻愬嚭淇′换鑸囨暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)淇濊(h霉)鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯�锛宼rust鎴愮偤娈佃惤涓績瑭�锛屾湯娈垫彁鍑鸿绔嬫硶瑙ｆ焙锛宭egal鎴愮偤娈佃惤涓績瑭�銆�

銆€銆€36. The statement 鈥淚t never rains but it pours鈥� is used to introduce

銆€銆€[A] the fierce business competition銆�

銆€銆€[B] the feeble boss-board relations銆�

銆€銆€[C] the threat from news reports.[D] the severity of data leakage銆�

銆€銆€瑭�(p铆ng)鏋愶細鏈绛旀D銆傝瑾炵殑鐩殑鑷劧鏄紩鍑轰富椤�锛屾壘鍚湁鏍稿績姒傚康鐨勯伕闋�(xi脿ng)鍗冲彲銆�

銆€銆€38. In bringing up the concept of GASP the author is making the point that

銆€銆€[A] shareholders鈥� interests should be properly attended to銆�

銆€銆€[B] information protection should be given due attention銆�

銆€銆€[C] businesses should enhance their level of accounting security銆�

銆€銆€[D] the market value of customer data should be emphasized銆�

銆€銆€瑭�(p铆ng)鏋愶細鏈绛旀B銆傛彁鍑篏ASP锛岃嚜鐒舵槸璀夋槑涓婚鈥滄暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)淇濊(h霉)鈥�銆傛敞鎰廌閬搁爡(xi脿ng)闆栨湁data锛屼絾鍏堕噸蹇冭惤鍦╰he market value涓婇潰锛屽亸闆富椤�銆�

銆€銆€39. According to Paragraph 4, what puzzles the author is that some bosses fail to

銆€銆€[A] see the link between trust and data protection銆�

銆€銆€[B] perceive the sensitivity of personal data銆�

銆€銆€[C] realize the high cost of data restoration銆�

銆€銆€[D] appreciate the economic value of trust銆�

銆€銆€瑭�(p铆ng)鏋愶細鏈绛旀A銆備綔鐐轰簨瀵�(sh铆)绱�(x矛)绡€(ji茅)椤岃瀹氫綅娈佃惤锛孉閬搁爡(xi脿ng)鏃㈠惈鏈夋钀戒腑蹇冭锛屽張鍚湁鏂囩珷鏍稿績姒傚康锛岄珨鐝�(xi脿n)浜嗙窗(x矛)绡€(ji茅)椤屾棦瑕佹湇寰炴钀戒富椤�锛屽張瑕佹湇寰炴枃绔犱富椤岀殑鍘熷墖銆�

銆€銆€40. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that

銆€銆€[A] data leakage is more severe in Europe銆�

銆€銆€[B] FTC鈥檚 decision is essential to data security銆�

銆€銆€[C] California takes the lead in security legislation銆�

銆€銆€[D] legal penalty is a major solution to data leakage銆�

銆€銆€瑭�(p铆ng)鏋愶細鏈绛旀D銆傚師鍥犲悓39椤屼竴妯ｃ€�

 銆€銆€                                      鏂版澅鏂硅€冪爺鑻辫獮闁辫畝鍚嶅斧 鍚虫磱