銆€銆€鍦�鑰冪爺闁辫畝鐞嗚ВA閮ㄥ垎鐣�(d膩ng)涓紝瀛樺湪钁楀叐灏�(du矛)鍏勫紵鈥斺€旂煕鐩惧拰杩戜技銆備粬鍊�?c猫)璇扛}閬庣▼涓櫦(f膩)鎻憲閲嶈鐨勪綔鐢�锛屽彧瑕佸阀濡欏湴鍒╃敤閫欏叐灏�(du矛)鍏勫紵锛屾垜鍊戠殑瑙ｉ灏辫兘閬�(d谩)鍒颁簨鍗婂姛鍊嶇殑鏁堟灉銆�

銆€銆€鐭涚浘鍏勫紵鎸囩殑鏄竴閬撻鐩腑鎰忔€濈浉鍙嶇殑鍏╁€�(g猫)閬搁爡(xi脿ng)锛涜繎浼煎厔寮熸寚鐨勬槸鎰忔€濈浉杩戠殑鍏╁€�(g猫)閬搁爡(xi脿ng)銆傛湁浜涙檪(sh铆)鍊�锛岄柋璁€鐞嗚ВA閮ㄥ垎鐨勯伕闋�(xi脿ng)瑷�(sh猫)缃渻(hu矛)鏈夐€欎箞涓€鍊�(g猫)鐗归粸(di菐n)锛屽嵆鍥涘€�(g猫)閬搁爡(xi脿ng)涓殑鍏╅爡(xi脿ng)瀹屽叏娌掕伅(li谩n)绯伙紝鑰屽彟澶栫殑鍏╅爡(xi脿ng)鏈夊彲鑳芥槸鎰忔€濈浉杩戠殑锛屾湁鍙兘鏄剰鎬濈浉鍙嶇殑銆傞€欐檪(sh铆)锛屾垜鍊戝氨瑕佸ソ濂藉埄鐢ㄧ浉杩戞垨鐩稿弽鐨勯€欏叐闋�(xi脿ng)浜嗭紝鍥�?y脿n)妾庮悵_鐨勭瓟妗堟サ鏈夊彲鑳藉湪閫欏叐闋�(xi脿ng)涔嬩腑銆�

銆€銆€鐭涚浘鍏勫紵鍑虹従(xi脿n)鏅�(sh铆)鐨勮檿鐞嗘柟娉曟瘮杓冪啊(ji菐n)鍠€傜暥(d膩ng)鐭涚浘鐨勯伕闋�(xi脿ng)鍑虹従(xi脿n)鏅�(sh铆)锛屾垜鍊戣棣栧厛鑰冩叜閫欏叐闋�(xi脿ng)銆傜祼(ji茅)鍚堥棞(gu膩n)閸佃瀹氫綅鎴栬嚜鐒舵瀹氫綅鐨勬柟娉�锛岃繀閫熷畾浣�锛岃垏閬搁爡(xi脿ng)閫�(j矛n)琛屾瘮灏�(du矛)锛屽緱鍑虹祼(ji茅)鏋滐紝姝ｇ⒑绛旀寰€寰€鍦ㄩ€欏叐闋�(xi脿ng)涔嬩腑銆�

銆€銆€鑸夊€�(g猫)渚嬪瓙2009骞磘ext3鐨�31椤岋紝鎴戝€戝彲浠ョ湅鍒癈閬搁爡(xi脿ng) is conventional downgraded 鈥滃湪鍌崇当(t菕ng)涓婅浣庝及浜嗏€�锛屽拰D閬搁爡(xi脿ng) has been overestimated鈥滆楂樹及浜嗏€濇槸涓€灏�(du矛)鐭涚浘閬搁爡(xi脿ng)锛屼簬鏄垜鍊戞妸鐩(bi膩o)閹栧畾鍦–锛孌閫欏叐鍊�(g猫)閬搁爡(xi脿ng)鐣�(d膩ng)涓€傛垜鍊戞牴鎿�(j霉)椤屽共鐨勯棞(gu膩n)閸佃 鈥渆ducation in poor countries鈥濆畾浣嶅埌 鈥� the conventional view that education should be one of very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong鈥濊鍒板偝绲�(t菕ng)涓婅獚(r猫n)鐐哄湪璨у洶鐨勫湴鍗€(q奴)鎳�(y墨ng)瑭插崄鍒嗛噸瑕栫櫦(f膩)灞曠稉(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)鐨勬兂娉曟槸閷�(cu貌)瑾ょ殑锛屼篃灏辨槸瑾�锛岃钵鍥板湴鍗€(q奴)鐨勬暀鑲茬櫦(f膩)灞曞湪鍌崇当(t菕ng)涓婁締瑾鏀惧湪閬庝簬閲嶈鐨勪綅缃簡锛岄€欏氨绗﹀悎D閬搁爡(xi脿ng)鐨勬剰鎬�銆�

銆€銆€鍐嶈垑涓€渚嬶紝02骞磘ext1涓�43椤�锛屽叾涓瑿閬搁爡(xi脿ng) are an inappropriate subject for humor鍜孌 閬搁爡(xi脿ng) have often been the laughing stock鎰忔€濆墰濂界浉鍙嶏紝鎴戝€戝彲浠ュ厛鎶婃纰虹瓟妗堢殑鐩(bi膩o)閹栧畾鍦ㄩ€欏叐闋�(xi脿ng)鐣�(d膩ng)涓�锛岀劧鍚庣敱浜庤┎椤屼綅浜庤┎绡囨枃绔犵殑绗笁椤�锛屾垜鍊戝彲浠ユ牴鎿�(j霉)鑷劧娈靛畾浣嶅師鍓�锛屾妸瀹冨畾浣嶅埌绗笁娈�锛岃┎娈佃◣璜栦簡骞介粯鏅�(sh铆)鎳�(y墨ng)瑭蹭娇鐢ㄤ粈涔堟ǎ鐨勪緥瀛�锛屽叾涓�锛岀湅鍒版渶鍚庝竴鍙モ€淵ou will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system?锛�?閫欓噷鎻愬埌浜嗙敤post office鎴栬€卼elephone system鏈�(hu矛)鏇村姞瀹夊叏锛屼篃灏辨槸瑾紝鎳�(y墨ng)瑭茬敤閫欎竴椤炵殑鍏叡瑷�(sh猫)鏂戒締鑸変緥鍒堕€犲菇榛樼殑鏁堟灉锛屼篃灏辨槸瑾€欐槸鍒堕€犲菇榛樼殑鎭扮暥(d膩ng)?sh霉)濮嗙粸?锛岄€欏氨鑸嘍閬搁爡(xi脿ng)鐨勬剰鎬濅竴鑷�锛屾垜鍊戝氨鍙互閬窪銆�

銆€銆€椤炰技鐨勪緥瀛愰倓鏈夊緢澶�锛屽04骞磘ext4鐣�(d膩ng)涓殑57椤� A :undervaluing intellect 鍜孊: favoring intellectualism锛�59椤孊: an opponent of intellectualism鍜� C: a scholar in favor of intellect 閮藉爆浜庣煕鐩鹃伕闋�(xi脿ng)锛岃€岄€欏叐椤岀殑姝ｇ⒑绛旀涔熼兘鍦ㄧ煕鐩鹃伕闋�(xi脿ng)鐣�(d膩ng)涓敘(ch菐n)鐢燂紝姝ら渚嬪瓙涓嶅嫕鏋氳垑锛屽氨涓嶈磪杩颁簡銆�

銆€銆€鑰岀暥(d膩ng)杩戜技閫欏叐鍏勫紵鍑虹従(xi脿n)鐨勬檪(sh铆)鍊�锛屾儏娉佸氨璁婂緱姣旇純寰�(f霉)闆滀簡銆傜暥(d膩ng)杩戜技閬搁爡(xi脿ng)鍑虹従(xi脿n)鐨勬檪(sh铆)鍊�锛屾垜鍊戜緷鐒惰棣栧厛鑰冩叜閫欏叐鍊�(g猫)閬搁爡(xi脿ng)锛屼絾鍦ㄩ帠瀹氫簡鐩(bi膩o)涔嬪悗锛岃В椤岄亷绋嬪嵒姣旂煕鐩鹃伕闋�(xi脿ng)瑕佸京(f霉)闆�銆傚悓妯�锛屾垜鍊戜篃瑕佺祼(ji茅)鍚堥棞(gu膩n)閸佃瀹氫綅鎴栬嚜鐒舵瀹氫綅閫欏叐绋畾浣嶆柟娉曞畾浣�锛屾壘鍑鸿垏涔嬬浉灏�(du矛)鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勫師鏂囧収(n猫i)瀹癸紝浣嗘帴涓嬩締鐨勫垽鏂�锛屽嵒涓嶅铏曠悊鐭涚浘閬搁爡(xi脿ng)鑸啊(ji菐n)鍠€� 鍥�?y脿n)?锛岃繎浼奸€欏叐鍏勫紵锛岀敱浜庝粬鍊戠殑鐩歌繎鎬�锛屽湪鍒ゆ柗鏅�(sh铆)甯稿父璁撲汉瑕哄緱妯℃１鍏╁彲銆傚湪閫欏€�(g猫)鏅�(sh铆)鍊�锛屾垜鍊戝氨瑕佽浣忛€欏叾涓渶閲嶈鐨勬(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)涔嬩竴锛屽氨鏄▼搴﹀拰鑼冨湇銆傝繎浼肩殑鍏╁€�(g猫)閬搁爡(xi脿ng)锛岄洊鐒跺収(n猫i)瀹圭浉杩�锛屼絾鏄墍琛ㄩ仈(d谩)鐨勭▼搴︾殑娣辨泛鍜岃寖鍦嶇殑澶у皬寰€寰€閭勬槸鏈夊樊鍒ョ殑锛岄€欎竴榛�(di菐n)锛屾垜鍊�?c猫)璋￠獤}鐣�(d膩ng)涓締楂斿懗銆�

銆€銆€渚嬪2009骞磘ext1鐨勭22椤屻€傛垜鍊戝彲浠ョ湅鍒板洓鍊�(g猫)閬搁爡(xi脿ng)锛歱redicted, regulated, traced, guided. 閫欏洓鍊�(g猫)瑭炵暥(d膩ng)涓璻egulated鍜実uided鐨勬剰鎬濇槸鐩歌繎鐨�銆俽egulated鐨勬剰鎬濇槸绱勬潫锛岃(gu墨)鑼冿紱guided鐨勬剰鎬濇槸寮曞皫(d菐o)锛屾寚寮�銆傞兘鏄瑳灏�(du矛)浜哄€戠殑琛岀偤鐨勭鍒躲€傜敱浜庤┎椤岀洰鍑虹従(xi脿n)鍦ㄨ┎鏂囩珷鐨勭浜岄锛屾垜鍊戝垵姝ユ妸瀹冨畾浣嶅埌鏂囩珷鐨勭浜屾銆傛垜鍊戝彲浠ョ湅鍒�锛宐ut鍚庨潰鐨勫彞瀛愶細 brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits. 鍏朵腑consciously develop鏈夋剰璀�(sh铆)鐨勭櫦(f膩)灞�锛屽挤(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)浜嗙櫦(f膩)灞曠殑鎰忚瓨(sh铆)鎬э紝涔熷挤(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)浜嗙櫦(f膩)灞曟湰韬�銆傝€宺egulate 鍜実uide閮藉挤(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)浜嗘剰璀�(sh铆)鎬�锛屼絾鏄痳egulate骞舵矑鏈夊挤(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)鐧�(f膩)灞曠殑閮ㄥ垎锛岃€実uide鏆楀惈浜嗗紩灏�(d菐o)鍏剁櫦(f膩)灞曠殑閮ㄥ垎锛岄€欏氨鏄叐鑰呴枔绋嬪害鐨勪笉鍚屼簡銆傚洜姝uide鍜屽師鏂囩殑鎰忔€濇洿鎺ヨ繎銆�

銆€銆€鍐嶄締鐪嬩竴鍊�(g猫)渚嬪瓙锛�05骞磘ext1绗�21椤�锛岄€欐槸涓€閬撶暥(d膩ng)骞村緱鍒嗙巼寰堜綆鐨勯銆備粩绱�(x矛)瑙€瀵熼伕闋�(xi脿ng)锛岀櫦(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)鍏朵腑A posing a contrast 鍜� C making a comparison 鎰忔€濈浉杩�锛屽叐鑰呴兘鏈夐€�(j矛n)琛屾瘮杓冧箣鎰忥紝浣嗘槸contrast鍋�(c猫)閲嶄簬鍏╄€呬箣闁撶殑涓嶅悓榛�(di菐n)鐨勫皪(du矛)姣�锛岃€宑omparison鍓囧彧鏄皪(du矛)姣�锛屾棦鍙互寮�(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)鍏╄€呴枔鐨勭浉鍚岄粸(di菐n)涔熷彲浠ュ挤(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)涓嶅悓榛�(di菐n)銆傞€欏氨鏄叐鍊�(g猫)閬搁爡(xi脿ng)闁撹寖鍦嶅ぇ灏忕殑涓嶅悓銆傛牴鎿�(j霉)鍘熸枃鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍒嗘瀽锛岀涓€娈靛埄鐢ㄤ簡灏�(du矛)姣旂殑鎵嬫硶锛屼絾骞朵笉鏄偤浜嗗挤(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)鍏╄€呯殑涓嶅悓涔嬭檿锛屾墍浠�锛屾垜鍊戝彲浠ョ敱姝ゅ緱鍑篊鐐烘纰虹瓟妗�銆�

銆€銆€鍏朵粬鐨勪緥瀛愰倓鏈�05骞磘ext4 涓殑36锛�39椤岀瓑绛�銆傝В椤屾柟娉曚笉璁�锛屽悓妯ｆ槸鍦ㄩ帠瀹氫簡杩戜技閬搁爡(xi脿ng)鍚庡啀鍒嗘瀽鍏╁€�(g猫)閬搁爡(xi脿ng)涓寖鍦�銆佺▼搴︿笂鐨勫樊鐣�锛屽啀鑸囧師鏂囬€�(j矛n)琛屾瘮鐓э紝渚胯兘寰楀埌姝ｇ⒑绛旀銆�

銆€銆€缍�(j墨ng)閬庝笂闈㈢殑鍒嗘瀽锛屾垜鍊戝彲浠ョ湅鍒扮煕鐩惧拰杩戜技閫欏叐灏�(du矛)鍏勫紵鍦ㄨ€冪爺闁辫畝A閮ㄥ垎鐨勯噸瑕佸湴浣嶃€傚湪瑙ｉ閬庣▼涓�锛岀暥(d膩ng)閫欏叐灏�(du矛)鍏勫紵鍑虹従(xi脿n)鏅�(sh铆)锛屽彧瑕佸ソ濂藉湴鍒╃敤浠栧€�锛岀稖鍚堝叾浠栫殑瑙ｉ鏂规硶锛屽氨鑳戒娇鎴戝€�?c猫)璇樼洰浣宠櫄鍠縳鎴愬姛涔嬭矾鏇村姞骞冲潶浜�銆�