|
鍙嬫儏鎻愮ず锛氭湰绔欐彁渚涘叏鍦�400澶氭墍楂樼瓑闄㈡牎鎷涙敹纰╁＋銆佸崥澹爺绌剁敓鍏ュ(xu茅)鑰冭│姝峰勾鑰冪爺鐪熼銆佽€冨崥鐪熼銆佺瓟妗�锛岄儴鍒嗗(xu茅)鏍℃洿鏂拌嚦2012骞达紝2013骞�锛涘潎鎻愪緵鏀惰不(f猫i)涓嬭級銆� 涓嬭級娴佺▼锛� 鑰冪爺鐪熼 榛�(di菐n)鎿娾€�鑰冪爺瑭﹀嵎鈥濃€濅笅杓�; 鑰冨崥鐪熼 榛�(di菐n)鎿娾€�鑰冨崥瑭﹀嵎搴�鈥� 涓嬭級
2010骞�鑰冪爺鑻辫獮澶х侗鐨勪慨瑷傚拰绶ㄦ挵宸ヤ綔宸茬稉(j墨ng)濉靛焹钀藉畾锛岃緵鍕よ€曡€樼殑鑰冪爺瀛�(xu茅)瀛愮殑蹇冧腑绲備簬骞抽潨浜嗕笅渚�銆傞偅涔�锛屽ぇ缍辨湁娌掓湁璁婂寲锛熷叿楂旀湁鍝簺璁婂寲锛熸垜鍊�?c猫)鎾婄痪铻�?y墨ng)灏�(du矛)锛熺瓑鍟忛渚挎槸閫欎竴鍊�(g猫)闅庢鑰冪爺瀛�(xu茅)瀛愪竴鐩存墍闂�(gu膩n)蹇冪殑鍟忛銆傜瓎鑰呴嚌灏�(du矛)鏂板ぇ缍变互鍙婅€冪爺瀛�(xu茅)鐢熸墍闂�(gu膩n)蹇冪殑鍟忛浣滃嚭濡備笅鍒嗘瀽銆傜稖鍚堝ぇ缍辩殑鏁樿堪鍜屽骞寸殑鑰冭│缍�(j墨ng)椹�(y脿n)鍙互閫欐ǎ绺界祼(ji茅)锛屽ぇ缍卞湪褰㈠紡涓婃矑鏈夋槑椤殑淇▊锛屼絾鏄湪鍏�(n猫i)瀹瑰拰鑰冮粸(di菐n)鐨勫伌(c猫)閲嶆柟闈篃鏄湁涓€瀹氱殑淇▊鐨勩€傚叿楂旂附绲�(ji茅)浠ヤ笅骞鹃粸(di菐n)锛�
涓€銆佹枃绔犵殑瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鍜岄伕鏉愭矑鏈夎畩鍖�锛屼絾鏄€冨療鐨勯噸榛�(di菐n)鏇村姞绮剧窗(x矛)銆�
鏍规摎(j霉)2010骞村叏鍦嬬ⅸ澹爺绌剁敓鍏ュ(xu茅)鑰冭│鏂板ぇ缍辫(gu墨)瀹�锛岄柋璁€鐞嗚В閮ㄥ垎鍦ㄥ懡椤屾柟闈㈡湁浠ヤ笅瑕佹眰锛�
1.闁辫畝鐞嗚В閮ㄥ垎涓昏娓�(c猫)瑭﹁€冪敓“缍滃悎閬�(y霉n)鐢ㄨ嫳瑾炶獮瑷€鐭ヨ瓨(sh铆)鍜岄柋璁€鎶€鑳戒締鐞嗚В鑻辫獮鏇搁潰鏉愭枡”鐨勮兘鍔�锛岃姹傝€冪敓鑳藉璁€鎳備笉鍚岄鍨嬬殑鏂囧瓧鏉愭枡锛堢敓瑭為噺涓嶈秴閬庢墍璁€鏉愭枡绺借鍖噺鐨�3%锛夛紝鍖呮嫭淇″嚱銆佹浉鍒婂拰闆滃織涓婄殑鏂囩珷锛岄倓鎳�(y墨ng)鑳借畝鎳傝垏鏈汉瀛�(xu茅)缈�(x铆)鎴栧伐浣滄湁闂�(gu膩n)鐨勬枃鐛�(xi脿n)銆佹妧琛�(sh霉)瑾槑鍜岀敘(ch菐n)鍝佷粙绱圭瓑銆�
2.鏍规摎(j霉)鎵€璁€鏉愭枡锛岃€冪敓鎳�(y墨ng)鑳界悊瑙ｅ叿楂斾俊鎭€佹帉鎻℃枃绔犲ぇ鎰�銆佺寽娓�(c猫)鐢熻瑭炵京鎴栨帹鏂蜂綔鑰呯殑瑷€澶栦箣鎰�銆�
3.瑕佹眰鑰冪敓鏍规摎(j霉)鎵€鎻愪緵鐨勫洓绡囨枃绔狅紙绺介暦搴︾磩鐐�1600瑭�锛屽叡瑷�(j矛)20椤�锛�40鍒嗭級锛屽緸姣忛鎵€绲︾殑鍥涘€�(g猫)閬搁爡(xi脿ng)涓伕鍑烘渶浣崇瓟妗�銆�
4.鎵€娑夊強鐨勯鏉愬寘鎷細绀炬渻(hu矛)鐢熸椿锛堝寘鎷枃鍖�銆佹鍙层€佸搴�銆佹暀鑲�銆佷汉鍙�銆佷氦閫�銆佺挵(hu谩n)澧冭兘婧愬強鍏朵粬绀炬渻(hu矛)鐝�(xi脿n)璞★級銆佺鏅紙鍖呮嫭澶ф埃銆佸湴璩�(zh矛)銆佹捣娲嬨€侀伜鍌�銆佽獮瑷€銆佺┖闁�銆侀啱(y墨)瀛�(xu茅)銆佽▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)绛夛級銆佺稉(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)銆侀珨鑲层€佷汉鐗╁偝瑷樼瓑銆傞珨瑁佷富瑕佺偤锛氳鏄庢枃锛堣垏瀛�(xu茅)缈�(x铆)鎴栧伐浣滄湁闂�(gu膩n)鐨勬枃鐛�(xi脿n)銆佹妧琛�(sh霉)瑾槑鍜岀敘(ch菐n)鍝佷粙绱癸級銆佽璜栨枃锛堟浉鍒婃垨闆滃織涓婄殑鏅�(sh铆)鏂囷級銆佹噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄦ枃锛堜俊鍑斤級銆�
5.瑭﹂鐨勫熀鏈鍨嬶細鑰冪爺闁辫畝鐞嗚В鍦ㄨ€冨療鍏�(n猫i)瀹逛笂澶ц嚧鍙互鍒嗙偤浜旂ó椤炲瀷锛�
1锛変富鏃ㄩ锛�2锛夌窗(x矛)绡€(ji茅)椤�锛�3锛夎瓨(sh铆)瑭為锛�4锛夋帹鏂烽锛�5锛夌祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)椤�銆傛寜鍑虹従(xi脿n)闋荤巼鐢遍珮鍒颁綆鐨勯爢搴忓垎鍒ユ槸锛氱窗(x矛)绡€(ji茅)椤�锛屾帹鏂烽锛岃瓨(sh铆)瑭為锛岀祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)椤屽拰涓绘棬椤�銆傝│椤岀殑褰㈠紡涓€鑸湁鍏╃ó锛�?ji菐n)鏌庨功绉冨悲鐡垮垹娓ユ湁姹€?br />
浜�銆佽│椤岃€冨療鐨勫舰寮�?j墨ng)]鏈夎畩鍖�锛屼絾鏄鍨嬬殑鑰冨療閲嶉粸(di菐n)鍐嶆寮�(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)銆�
闁辫畝鐞嗚ВA閮ㄥ垎鐢卞洓绡囨枃绔犵祫鎴�銆傛瘡绡囨枃绔�500鍠宸﹀彸锛屽皪(du矛)鎳�(y墨ng)浜旈亾椤岀洰銆傞€欎簲閬撻鐩垨鑰呴棞(gu膩n)浜庢枃绔犱腑蹇冩€濇兂銆佹枃涓叿楂旂窗(x矛)绡€(ji茅)銆佷綔鑰呰█澶栦箣鎰忋€佹枃涓鍖惈缇�銆佽珫榛�(di菐n)鑸囪珫鎿�(j霉)涔嬮枔闂�(gu膩n)绯诲睍闁�銆傞€氶亷灏�(du矛)鏂囩珷鐩搁棞(gu膩n)淇℃伅鍙ョ殑鐞嗚В锛屾簴(zh菙n)纰洪伕鍑轰簲閬撻鐩殑绛旀銆�
涓嶉洠鐧�(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)锛屾牴鎿�(j霉)鐞嗚珫鎴戝€戝彲浠ョ櫦(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)锛岄柋璁€鐞嗚В鐨勬彁鍟忔柟寮忚姹傛垜鍊戝緸浜斿€�(g猫)鏂归潰钁楁墜婧�(zh菙n)鍌欓柋璁€椤岀洰銆傚悓鏅�(sh铆)锛岄柋璁€鐞嗚В鐨勬瘡涓€閬撻鐩殑绛旀灏�(du矛)鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勪笉鏄暣鍊�(g猫)绡囩珷鎴栬€呭畬鏁存钀斤紝鑰屾槸鐩搁棞(gu膩n)淇℃伅鍙�銆�
鏂逛綅璜栧師鍓囷細闁辫畝鐞嗚В姣忕ó椤屽瀷绛旀鍦ㄦ枃绔犱腑鐨勫浐瀹氭柟浣�銆�
涓绘棬椤岄噸鑼冨湇锛氭枃绔�銆佸悇娈�銆佷富椤屽彞銆�
绱�(x矛)绡€(ji茅)椤岄噸瀹氫綅锛氶噸瑕�銆佺附绲�(ji茅)銆佸畾浣嶈銆�
鎺ㄦ柗椤岄噸涓婚锛氭寚瀹氥€佹钀�銆佷富椤屽彞銆�
璀�(sh铆)瑭為閲嶄綅缃細瑙ｉ噵銆佸苟鍒椼€佸钩琛岄棞(gu膩n)绯�銆�
绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)椤岄噸鑱�(li谩n)绯伙細璜栨摎(j霉)銆佽珫榛�(di菐n)銆佺煡闂�(gu膩n)绯�銆�
IRT鍛介娓�(c猫)瑭�?y谩n)纰氭憵娲柨x鐞嗚В姣忎竴閬撻鐩湪鏂囩珷涓殑淇℃伅渚嗘簮銆�
寰�(f霉)闆滃畾瑾炲緸鍙�锛屽京(f霉)闆滄瘮杓冪礆(j铆)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛屽京(f霉)闆滆鍕�(d貌ng)瑾炴厠(t脿i)锛屽京(f霉)闆滃悕瑭炴€у緸鍙�锛岄潪璎傝獮鍕�(d貌ng)瑭�锛屾彃鍏ヨ獮绛夐爡(xi脿ng)鐩兘鏄懡椤屽拰绛旀鐨勪締婧愩€傚悓鏅�(sh铆)锛屾渶閲嶈鐨勬槸鍒嗘竻椤屽瀷涔嬪悗锛屽埄鐢�“鏂逛綅璜栧師鍓�”鍦ㄦ枃绔犱腑瀹氫綅鐩搁棞(gu膩n)淇℃伅鍙�銆�
涓夈€佽€冨療閲嶉粸(di菐n)鐨勯伕鎿囨矑鏈夎畩鍖�锛屼絾鏄€冮粸(di菐n)鐨勮€冨療绋嬪害鏄庨’绮剧窗(x矛)鍖�銆�
鍦ㄨ鍖柟闈紝鏇村姞寮�(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)瑭炲尟鍦ㄨ獮澧冧腑鐨勭悊瑙�锛屽嵆“鐚滆鑳藉姏”銆傚叿楂旀湁濡備笅鍥涘€�(g猫)鏂归潰锛�
1.鍕�(d貌ng)瑭� 閬靛惊“鍕�(d貌ng)瑭炶鏈劇鎰�锛屾剰闅ㄦ枃鐢�”鐨勫師鍓�銆傚嵆锛屽嫊(d貌ng)瑭炵殑瑭炵京瑕佸彈鍒板彞瀛愪腑璩撹獮鐨勬彁绀烘墠鑳藉婧�(zh菙n)纰虹悊瑙�銆傞€欎竴鑰冮粸(di菐n)鍦ㄩ柋璁€鐞嗚В鐨勭敓瑭炰腑锛屽崰鏈�80%浠ヤ笂鐨勬瑠(qu谩n)閲�銆�
2.鍚嶈 閬靛惊“鍚嶈鑸囨枃绔犱腑蹇冪当(t菕ng)涓€”鐨勫師鍓囥€傚嵆锛屾枃绔犱腑鐨勫悕瑭�锛岃鑱�(li谩n)绯诲埌棣栨鐨勪富椤岃锛屽彈涓婚瑭炵殑鍒剁磩銆�
3.鍕�(d貌ng)瑭炵煭瑾� 閬靛惊“浠嬭鎴栬€呭壇瑭炵殑瓒ㄥ悜鍚京姹哄畾璜�”鐨勫師鍓�銆傚嵆锛屽嫊(d貌ng)瑭�-浠嬭銆佸嫊(d貌ng)瑭�-鍓鐭獮锛岀煭瑾炰腑鐨勪粙瑭炴垨鑰呭壇瑭炵殑鍕�(d貌ng)浣滆定鍚戣〃閬�(d谩)鏁村€�(g猫)鐭獮鐨勫惈缇�銆�
4.鍙ｈ獮鍖栬〃閬�(d谩) 閬靛惊“鐢熸椿甯歌瓨(sh铆)姹哄畾璜�”鐨勫師鍓囥€傚嵆锛屽彛瑾炲寲鐨勭煭瑾炵敤浜庨柋璁€鐞嗚В鏂囩珷锛岄€欐檪(sh铆)锛岄渶瑕佺敓娲荤殑甯歌瓨(sh铆)鍜岃嫳缇庢枃鍖栬儗鏅殑鐭ヨ瓨(sh铆)渚嗘簴(zh菙n)纰鸿瓨(sh铆)鍒�銆�
鍦ㄨ獮娉曠祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鏂归潰锛屽挤(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)涓嶅悓鍙ュ瀷绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勪俊鎭瑠(qu谩n)閲嶃€�
瀹氳獮寰炲彞锛屾瘮杓冪礆(j铆)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛岃鍕�(d貌ng)瑾炴厠(t脿i)锛屽悕瑭炴€у緸鍙�锛岄潪璎傝獮鍕�(d貌ng)瑭烇紝鎻掑叆瑾炵瓑闋�(xi脿ng)鐩兘鏄懡椤屽拰绛旀鐨勪締婧�銆傚湪閫欏咕鍊�(g猫)鏂归潰瑕侀€氶亷鐪熼鑱�(li谩n)绯诲拰瑷�(x霉n)绶翠締鎶婃彙鍙ュ瓙鐨勪俊鎭瑠(qu谩n)閲�銆�
姝ｆ墍璎�锛�“閲嶆噳(y墨ng)鐢�锛岃紩鑳岃锛涢噸鐞嗚В锛岃紩鐚滄脯(c猫)锛涢噸鎬濈董锛岃紩鍍靛寲锛涢噸鏅�(sh铆)鏁�锛岃紩淇濆畧”
缍滀笂鎵€杩帮紝闁辫畝鐞嗚В鐨勫京(f霉)缈�(x铆)瑕佸仛鍒�“鐭ュ繁鐭ュ郊锛岀櫨鎴�(zh脿n)鐧惧嫕”銆傜煡宸变究鏄簡瑙ｈ嚜宸辩殑鍩虹(ch菙)钖勫急鐠�(hu谩n)绡€(ji茅)锛涚煡褰间究鏄簡瑙ｅぇ缍辩殑瑕佹眰浠ュ強澶х侗鐨勫叿楂旇€冮粸(di菐n)鐨勮€冨療鏂瑰悜銆傚洜姝�锛屽湪闁辫畝鐞嗚В鐨勫京(f霉)缈�(x铆)鏅�(sh铆)瑕侀噸瑕栧懡椤岀殑鍘熷墖鍜岀浉鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勮В椤屾柟娉�锛屽嵆锛屽伐娆插杽鍏朵簨锛屽繀鍏堝埄鍏跺櫒銆傚京(f霉)缈�(x铆)閲嶉粸(di菐n)鍏烽珨濡備笅锛�
1銆佷腑蹇冪当(t菕ng)涓€鍘熷墖
鏂囩珷浠ュ強娈佃惤閮芥槸鐢变富椤屽彞鍜岀窗(x矛)绡€(ji茅)鍙ユ(g貌u)鎴愮殑銆備富椤屽彞琛ㄦ槑娈佃惤鎴栫瘒绔犵殑涓績锛岀窗(x矛)绡€(ji茅)鍙ユ槸鐐轰富椤屽彞鑰屾湇鍕�(w霉)鐨勩€傚嵆锛屼富椤屽彞鎸囨槑娈佃惤鍙婃枃绔犵殑鏂瑰悜锛岀窗(x矛)绡€(ji茅)鍙ュ墖鏄敮鎾愪富椤岀殑鍏烽珨浜嬩緥锛屽紩瑾�锛�绲�(t菕ng)瑷�(j矛)锛屾瘮鍠绘垨鑰呭(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)銆傚洜姝わ紝鎶婃彙鏂囩珷鐨勪腑蹇冩€濇兂鐒￠爤閫忓竟鐞嗚В鏁村€�(g猫)娈佃惤锛屾钀戒腑鐨勪富椤屽彞鍗冲彲鎸囨槑鏂瑰悜锛岀⒑瀹氫富椤�銆傚悓鏅�(sh铆)锛屾枃绔犱腑棣栨闄ゅ鐨勫叾浠栨钀藉惈缇╄垏棣栨鐩稿悓銆傚嵆锛屾枃绔犻娈佃鍒╃敤“涓婚鍙�—绱�(x矛)绡€(ji茅)鍙ュ師鍓�”婧�(zh菙n)纰虹⒑瀹氫富椤屽彞锛涘叾浠栨钀�锛屾钀戒腑闁撳彞鍓嶆湁杞�(zhu菐n)鎶樿鐪嬭綁(zhu菐n)鎶樿鎵€鍦ㄥ彞锛岀劇杞�(zhu菐n)鎶樿鐩存帴鐪嬫棣栧彞銆傚悓鏅�(sh铆)锛屽叾浠栨钀界⒑瀹氭钀藉収(n猫i)瀹圭殑瑾炲彞涓殑瑭炲尟閮借垏棣栨涓婚瑭炴湁闂�(gu膩n)銆�
2銆佷富椤屽彞锛岀窗(x矛)绡€(ji茅)鍙ュ師鍓�
闁辫畝鐞嗚В鏂囩珷浠ュ強鏂囩珷涓殑姣忎竴鍊�(g猫)娈佃惤閮芥槸鐢变笉鍚岀殑鍔熻兘鍙ョ祫鎴愮殑銆傛牴鎿�(j霉)鍔熻兘鍙ョ殑鐗归粸(di菐n)鍜屼綔鐢�锛屽彲浠ュ皣鍙ュ瓙鍒嗘垚鍏╅锛氫富椤屽彞鍜岀窗(x矛)绡€(ji茅)鍙ャ€傛钀界殑涓婚鍙ュ彲浠ュ嚭鐝�(xi脿n)鍦ㄦ棣�锛屼篃鍙互鍑虹従(xi脿n)鍦ㄦ灏�锛屾湁鏅�(sh铆)涔熷嚭鐝�(xi脿n)鍦ㄦ钀戒腑闁撱€傚鏋滃嚭鐝�(xi脿n)鍦ㄦ钀戒腑闁�锛屽繀闋堝湪杞�(zhu菐n)鎶樻剰缇╃殑but, however, surprisingly, virtually, indeed, in fact, yet鎴杗ow鐨勫悗闈紝鍚﹀墖娈甸鎴栨灏剧殑瑾炶█瀹屾暣锛屽舰寮忕啊(ji菐n)娼�锛岃榛�(di菐n)鏄庣⒑鐨勫彞瀛愬嵆鐐轰富椤屽彞銆傚嵆锛屾钀芥摵鍦ㄩ潰鍓�锛岄鍏堣烦璁€娈佃惤涓枔鍙ワ細濡傛灉涓枔鍙ュ墠鏈夎綁(zhu菐n)鎶樿锛岄偅涔堣綁(zhu菐n)鎶樿鎵€鍦ㄥ彞涓€鑸槸涓婚鍙�锛涘鏋滀腑闁撳彞鍓嶆矑鏈夎綁(zhu菐n)鎶樿锛岄偅涔堟钀介鍙ュ悗鑰呭熬鍙ヨ獮瑷€瀹屾暣锛屽舰寮忕啊(ji菐n)娼�锛岃榛�(di菐n)鏄庣⒑鐨勫彞瀛愬嵆鐐轰富椤屽彞銆傝€岀窗(x矛)绡€(ji茅)鍙ョ殑鐗归粸(di菐n)鐐猴細鑸変緥瀛愶紙鏅�(sh铆)闁�銆佺┖闁�銆佷汉绋辫綁(zhu菐n)绉伙級锛屼綔绲�(t菕ng)瑷�(j矛)锛堢櫨鍒�?j菒n)?sh霉)锛夛紝寮曞紩瑾烇紙鐩存帴寮曡獮鍜岄枔鎺ュ紩瑾�:鐩存帴寮曡獮鍗冲彲鑳芥槸涓婚鍙ヤ篃鍙兘鏄窗(x矛)绡€(ji茅)鍙�(寮曡櫉(h脿o)鐨勫収(n猫i)瀹规槸绱�(x矛)绡€(ji茅)鍙ョ殑浜斿€�(g猫)鐗归粸(di菐n),瑭插彞瀛愭槸绱�(x矛)绡€(ji茅)鍙�;寮曡櫉(h脿o)鐨勫収(n猫i)瀹规槸瑾炶█瀹屾暣,褰㈠紡绨�(ji菐n)娼�,瑙€榛�(di菐n)鏄庣⒑鐨勫彞瀛愪竴瀹氭槸涓婚鍙ワ級)锛屽仛瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)锛堟簴(zh菙n)鍌欍€侀亷绋�銆佺祼(ji茅)璜栵級锛屾墦姣旀柟锛堟瘮鍠�銆佹瘮杓冦€佺枒鍟忥級鍜屽仛鍒楄垑銆�
3銆佹柟浣嶈珫鍘熷墖
闁辫畝鐞嗚В閲囩敤IRT鍛介鐞嗚珫锛屽嵆鏂囩珷涓鍚堣€冪爺澶х侗鐨勫彞瀛愪綔鐐哄懡椤岀殑鍒囧叆榛�(di菐n)鍙婂嚭椤岀殑瑕侀粸(di菐n)銆傚洜姝わ紝鎴戝€戦渶瑕佹妸鎻℃柟浣嶈珫鐨勫師鍓囬€�(j矛n)琛屾枃绔犵殑闁辫畝鍜岀悊瑙�銆侷RT鍛介鐞嗚珫瑕�(gu墨)瀹�锛岄柋璁€鐞嗚В鐨勬瘡涓€閬撻鍦ㄦ枃绔犱腑灏�(du矛)鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勬槸鐩搁棞(gu膩n)淇℃伅鍙ワ紝涓嶆槸娈佃惤锛屾洿涓嶆槸绡囩珷銆傚悓鏅�(sh铆)锛屾洿鐐洪噸瑕佺殑鏄�锛岀敱浜庨柋璁€鐞嗚В鍛介鏂瑰悜鍙婂伌(c猫)閲嶉粸(di菐n)鏈夊緢澶у樊鐣�锛屽洜姝や笉鍚岄鍨嬬殑椤岀洰鍦ㄦ枃绔犲皪(du矛)鎳�(y墨ng)娈佃惤涓墍楂旂従(xi脿n)鐨勫彞瀛愭湁鎵€涓嶅悓锛屽嵆楂旂従(xi脿n)涓嶅悓鐨勬柟浣�銆傝€屼笖锛岀浉鍚岄鍨嬬殑椤岀洰鍦ㄦ枃绔犱腑鎵€鎸囧悜鐨勫彞瀛愪篃鏄浉灏�(du矛)鍥哄畾鐨�銆備竴鑸締瑾�锛屾枃绔犵殑涓績鎬濇兂锛屼綔鑰呯殑瑙€榛�(di菐n)鎱�(t脿i)搴︼紝浠ュ強浣滆€呯殑瑷€澶栦箣鎰忛€欎笁绋鍨嬬殑鎸囧悜?y脿n)妲叉伡杞阿铔樺彣娓╂覆姊伴椆榛潁鍙ユ垨鑰呰珫榛�(di菐n)鍙�锛涜€屾枃绔犱腑鐨勫叿楂旂窗(x矛)绡€(ji茅)鍜屾枃绔犱腑鐨勮鍖惈缇╁墖鎸囧悜鏂囩珷涓殑绱�(x矛)绡€(ji茅)鍙�銆�
鍚屾檪(sh铆)锛岄渶瑕佸挤(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)鐨勬槸锛岄柋璁€鐞嗚В鐨勫京(f霉)缈�(x铆)涓€瀹氳浠ユ骞寸殑闁辫畝鐞嗚В鐪熼鐐轰富锛屽挨鍏堕噸瑕�2003骞磋嚦2009骞寸殑鐪熼銆傚洜?y脿n)妾獲浜涙骞寸湡椤岀湡瀵�(sh铆)鐨勫弽鎳�(y墨ng)钁桰RT锛堝弽鎳�(y墨ng)寮忓懡椤岀悊璜栵級銆傝€屼换浣曞叾浠栫殑妯℃摤椤屾垨鑰呮槸浠跨湡椤岄兘涓嶈兘鏈€鐐烘湁鏁堢殑鍛介鐨勭悊璜栧拰鍘熷墖锛岄€欓椤岀洰鍙渻(hu矛)璁撴垜鍊戠殑寰�(f霉)缈�(x铆)闄峰叆浜嬪€嶅姛鍗婄殑灏峰艾澧冨湴銆�
閬�(y霉n)绫屽阜骞勪箣涓�锛屾焙鍕濆崈閲屼箣澶栵紒
鑰冪敓濡傝兘绮炬簴(zh菙n)鐨勬妸鎻″懡椤屽師鍓囦互鍙婅│椤岀殑娓�(c猫)瑭﹂噸榛�(di菐n)锛屾湁鐨勬斁鐭㈢殑鍒跺畾寰�(f霉)缈�(x铆)瑷�(j矛)鍔冿紝灏卞彲浠ヨ繀閫熸彁楂樿В椤屾晥鐜�銆傚悓鏅�(sh铆)锛屼篃鍙互澶уぇ鎻愰珮鑰冪爺鐨勪俊蹇冨拰鍕囨埃銆�
绁濊€冪敓闋嗗埄閬庨棞(gu膩n)?銆�銆�?br />
鍏嶈铂(z茅)鑱叉槑锛氭湰鏂囩郴杞�(zhu菐n)杓夎嚜缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)锛屽鏈変镜鐘�锛岃珛(q菒ng)鑱�(li谩n)绯绘垜鍊戠珛鍗冲埅闄�锛屽彟锛氭湰鏂囧儏浠ｈ〃浣滆€呭€�(g猫)浜鸿榛�(di菐n)锛岃垏鏈恫(w菐ng)绔欑劇闂�(gu膩n)銆傚叾鍘熷壍(chu脿ng)鎬т互鍙婃枃涓櫝杩版枃瀛楀拰鍏�(n猫i)瀹规湭缍�(j墨ng)鏈珯璀夊(sh铆)锛屽皪(du矛)鏈枃浠ュ強鍏朵腑鍏ㄩ儴鎴栬€呴儴鍒嗗収(n猫i)瀹�銆佹枃瀛楃殑鐪熷(sh铆)鎬�銆佸畬鏁存€�銆佸強鏅�(sh铆)鎬ф湰绔欎笉浣滀换浣曚繚璀夋垨鎵胯锛岃珛(q菒ng)璁€鑰呭儏浣滃弮鑰冿紝骞惰珛(q菒ng)鑷鏍稿(sh铆)鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鍏�(n猫i)瀹�銆�
|
鏂囩珷鎼滅储
鎮ㄧ従(xi脿n)鍦ㄧ殑浣嶇疆锛� 
