銆€銆€鍖椾含鏂版澅鏂瑰湅鍏�(n猫i)閮� 鍞愰潨 杞�(zhu菐n)杓夎珛娉ㄦ槑鍑鸿檿

銆€銆€绗竴鍙ワ細

銆€銆€瑭﹂椤屾簮锛歐hile it may be said, without exaggeration, that the measure of the worth of any social institution, economic, domestic, political, legal, religious, is its effect in enlarging and improving experience; yet this effect is not a part of its original motive, which is limited and more immediately practical.(48 words)

銆€銆€鍛介灏堝鎶婇€欏€嬪彞瀛愭敼瀵偤锛欼t may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improving experience, but this effect is not a part of its original motive. (33 words)

銆€銆€鍙冭€冭鏂囷細鍙互瑾�锛岃琛￠噺浠讳綍绀炬渻鍒跺害鐨勫児鍊�锛屽氨瑕佺湅瀹冨皪鎿村ぇ鍜屾敼閫�缍�(j墨ng)椹�鏂归潰鐨勫奖闊�锛屼絾鏄€欑ó褰遍熆骞朵笉鏄叾鍘熶締鍕曟鐨勪竴閮ㄥ垎銆�

銆€銆€缈昏璎涜В锛�

銆€銆€1. 鏁村€嬪彞瀛愮殑涓诲共绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鏄痓ut閫ｆ帴鐨勫叐鍊嬪苟鍒楀彞銆�

銆€銆€2. 绗竴鍊嬪苟鍒楀彞閫欏€嬪彞瀛愭湁涓€鍊嬫渶绨″柈鐨勫舰寮忎富瑾炵祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)it may be said锛岀劧鍚庢湁涓€鍊嬪熀鏈祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鏄痶he measure of 鈥� is in its effect in鈥︼紝鍙互缈昏鐐衡€滆　閲忊€︽槸鐪嬪湪鈥︿腑鐨勬晥鏋溾€�銆傜浜屽€嬪苟鍒楀彞鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)闈炲父绨″柈銆�

銆€銆€3. 绗竴鍊嬪苟鍒楀彞涓富瑾炰腑蹇冭鏄痬easure鍚庨潰甯朵簡鍏╁€媜f淇＞绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛岄€欑ó绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鏄爆浜�鑰冪爺缈昏涓€冮亷鐒℃暩(sh霉)娆＄殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛岃珛鍙冭€�94骞�71椤岋紝97骞�72椤�锛�01骞�74椤�锛�02骞�64椤�锛屽拰07骞�46椤�锛岀瓑銆傞€欐ǎ鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍙互寰炲悗寰€鍓嶇炕璀�锛屾瘮濡備富瑾為儴鍒唗he measure of the worth of any social institution鍙互缈昏鐐猴細浠讳綍绀炬渻鍒跺害鐨勫児鍊肩殑琛￠噺銆傜暥鐒�锛岀偤浜嗘洿閫氶爢锛屽彲浠ョ炕璀偤锛氳　閲忕ぞ鏈冨埗搴︾殑鍍瑰€�銆�

銆€銆€4. 绗竴鍊嬪苟鍒楀彞鐨勮〃瑾為儴鍒�銆備腑蹇冭鏄痚ffect锛屸€滃奖闊库€濈殑鎰忔€�銆傛墍浠�锛岀祼(ji茅)鍚堝墠闈㈢殑涓昏獮锛屽彲浠ラ潏娲荤殑缈昏鐐猴細瑕佽　閲忎换浣曠ぞ鏈冨埗搴︾殑鍍瑰€�锛屽氨瑕佺湅鍏跺奖闊�銆傝€宔ffect閫欏€嬩腑蹇冭鍚庨潰閭勫付浜嗕竴鍊媔n doing sth.閫欏€嬬祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆俰n doing sth.鍙互缈昏鐐猴細鍦ㄥ仛鈥︿簨鎯呯殑閬庣▼涓紝閫欏€嬬祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍦ㄨ€冪爺缈昏涓篃鍑虹従(xi脿n)閬庡娆�锛岃珛鍙冪湅95骞�71椤�锛�05骞�50椤�銆傛墍浠ユ暣鍊嬭〃瑾為儴鍒唅ts effect in enlarging and improving experience鍙互缈昏鐐猴細鍦ㄦ摯澶у拰鏀归€茬稉(j墨ng)椹楅亷绋嬩腑鐨勫奖闊�銆傛墍浠ワ紝绗竴鍊嬪苟鍒楀彞鍙互缈昏鐐猴細鍙互瑾�锛岃琛￠噺浠讳綍绀炬渻鍒跺害鐨勫児鍊硷紝灏辫鐪嬪畠灏嶆摯澶у拰鏀归€茬稉(j墨ng)椹楁柟闈㈢殑褰遍熆

銆€銆€5. 鐣剁劧锛岀浜屽€嬪苟鍒楀彞姣旇純绨″柈?锛熸ⅱ鐏捐嫰鑷冾厫g锛氫絾鏄€欑ó褰遍熆骞朵笉鏄師渚嗗嫊姗熺殑涓€閮ㄥ垎銆備篃鍙互閬╃暥鎰忚鐐猴細閫欑ó褰遍熆骞朵笉鏄槸瀹冨師渚嗗氨鎯宠閬斿埌鐨�銆�

銆€銆€鑰冮粸鍒嗘瀽锛�

銆€銆€1. 鐒￠洠瑭烇紝institution宸茬稉(j墨ng)鍦�07骞�46椤岃€冮亷銆�

銆€銆€2. 姣旇純闆ｈ檿鐞嗙殑鏄�锛岀涓€鍊嬪苟鍒楀彞涓叐鍊媜f绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛屼互鍙婅〃瑾為儴鍒嗙殑in doing sth鍦ㄩ€欏€嬬祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆傚悓鏅�锛岀涓€鍊嬪苟鍒楀彞鐨勪腑鏂囪〃閬�锛岃缈昏閫氶爢姣旇純鑻﹂洠銆�

銆€銆€绗簩鍙ワ細

銆€銆€瑭﹂椤屾簮锛歄nly gradually was the by-product of the institution, its effect upon the quality and extent of conscious life, noted, and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution.(38 words)

銆€銆€鍛介灏堝鏀圭偤锛歄nly gradually was the by-product of the institution noted. and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution.(28 words)

銆€銆€鍙冭€冭鏂囷細閫欑ó鍒跺害鐨勫壇鐢�(ch菐n)鍝佸彧鏈夐€愭几寰楀埌瑾嶈瓨锛涜€屽湪瀵︽柦閫欑ó鍒跺害鐨勯亷绋嬩腑锛岃獚璀樺埌閫欑ó鏁堟灉鍏锋湁鎸囧皫(d菐o)浣滅敤鐨勬檪闁撳墖鏇村姞绶╂參銆�

銆€銆€缈昏璎涜В锛�

銆€銆€1. 鏁村€嬪彞瀛愮殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鏄痑nd閫ｆ帴鐨勫叐鍊嬪苟鍒楀彞锛屽苟涓斿緢椤劧鍏╁€嬪彞瀛愰兘鏄€掕鍙�锛岄兘鏄疧nly鍦ㄥ彞棣�銆�

銆€銆€2. 绗竴鍊嬪苟鍒楀彞鐨勪富瑾炴槸the by-product of the institution锛屽緢椤劧锛屽嫊瑭瀢as琚彁鍓嶏紝鎵€浠ヨ瑐瑾為儴鍒嗘槸was noted銆傚叾涓�锛宐y-product鏄竴鍊嬪悎鎴愯锛屾槸鈥滃壇鐢�(ch菐n)鍝侊紝闄勫付鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熷奖闊库€濈瓑鎰忔€�銆傞€欑ó鍚堟垚瑭炲湪鑰冪爺缈昏涓€冮亷寰堝锛岄洊鐒剁湅璧蜂締鏄秴缍辫锛屼絾鏄嚭椤屼汉瑾嶇偤鍙互鍒嗘瀽寰楀嚭鎰忔€濓紝鎵€浠ュ懡椤屽皥瀹舵渶鍠滄閬告搰鐨勫柈瑭�銆傝珛鍙冭€�98骞寸殑ground-based鍜� ballon-borne锛�01骞寸殑breakthrough锛�99骞村拰04骞寸殑far-reaching绛夌瓑銆傛墍浠ワ紝绗竴鍊嬪苟鍒楀彞缈昏璧蜂締姣旇純绨″柈锛岄偅灏辨槸锛氶€欑ó鍒跺害鐨勫壇鐢�(ch菐n)鍝�(鎴栬€呰锛岄€欑ó鍒跺害闄勫付鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熺殑褰遍熆)琚敞鎰忓埌浜�銆�

銆€銆€3. 浣嗘槸锛岀涓€鍊嬪苟鍒楀彞涓挤瑾�(di脿o)鐨勯儴鍒嗘槸only gradually锛屾剰鎬濇槸鈥滃彧鏈夐€愭鍦�锛屽彧鏈夐€愭几鍦�锛屽彧鏈夋參鎱㈠湴鈥�銆傛墍浠�锛岀祼(ji茅)鍚堜富骞查儴鍒嗗拰寮疯(di脿o)鐨勭媭瑾為儴鍒�?锛熸ⅱ鍥璋濈矉鈧苟鍒楀彞缈昏鐐猴細閫欑ó鍒跺害鐨勫壇鐢�(ch菐n)鍝佸彧鏈夐€愭几寰楀埌瑾嶈瓨銆傞€欓噷锛屾垜涔嬫墍浠ラ伕鎿囨妸寮疯(di脿o)鐨勫壇瑭為儴鍒嗘斁鍒版饥瑾炲彞瀛愮殑鏈熬渚嗙炕璀�锛屾槸鍥犵偤绗簩鍊嬪苟鍒楀彞涔熷湪寮疯(di脿o)鈥渙nly more gradually鈥濋€欏€嬮儴鍒�锛岀瓑鏈冨湪铏曠悊绗簩鍊嬪苟鍒楀彞鐨勬檪鍊�锛屽ソ鍜岀涓€鍊嬪彞瀛愬仛灏嶆瘮銆�

銆€銆€4. 鍐嶇湅鐪嬬浜屽€嬪彞瀛愮殑涓昏獮閮ㄥ垎鏄痶his effect锛屾剰鎬濇槸鈥滈€欑ó褰遍熆锛岄€欑ó鏁堟灉鈥�銆傝瑐瑾為儴鍒嗘槸was considered as a directive factor锛屾剰鎬濇槸鈥滆瑾嶇偤鏄竴鍊嬫寚灏�(d菐o)鍥犵礌鈥�銆傝浣嶉儴鍒嗙祼(ji茅)鍚堣捣渚�锛屽彲浠ヨ畩琚嫊鐐轰富鍕曪細瑾嶈瓨鍒伴€欑ó褰遍熆鍏锋湁鎸囧皫(d菐o)浣滅敤銆侷n the conduct of the institution姣旇純绨″柈鍙互鐩存帴缈昏鐐猴細鍦ㄥ鏂介€欑ó鍒跺害鐨勯亷绋嬩腑锛屾垨鑰呭湪閫欑ó鍒跺害鐨勫鏂介亷绋嬩腑銆傜祫鍚堜互涓婇儴鍒�锛岀浜屽€嬪彞瀛愬彲浠ョ炕璀偤锛氬湪瀵︽柦閫欑ó鍒跺害鐨勯亷绋嬩腑锛岃獚璀樺埌閫欑ó鏁堟灉鍏锋湁鎸囧皫(d菐o)浣滅敤銆�

銆€銆€5. 鏈€鍚庡啀渚嗚檿鐞嗙浜屽€嬪彞瀛愮殑寮疯(di脿o)閮ㄥ垎锛屽嵆鐙€瑾瀘nly more gradually锛屽彲浠ョ洿鎺ョ炕璀偤鈥滃彧鏈夋洿鍔犻€愭锛屽彧鏈夋洿鍔犵珐鎱⑩€�銆傛鍥犵偤绗竴鍊嬪彞瀛愬拰绗簩鍊嬪彞瀛愭湁涓€绋仦閫查棞(gu膩n)绯诲拰灏嶆瘮闂�(gu膩n)绯汇€傛墍浠�锛岀偤浜嗙獊鍑洪€欑ó灏嶆瘮锛屽彲浠ユ妸閫欏叐鍊媜nly gradually锛屾斁鍒板彞瀛愭湯灏句締绐佸嚭寮疯(di脿o)銆傛墍浠�锛岀浜屽€嬪彞瀛愬墖缈昏鐐猴細鑰屽湪瀵︽柦閫欑ó鍒跺害鐨勯亷绋嬩腑锛岃獚璀樺埌閫欑ó鏁堟灉鍏锋湁鎸囧皫(d菐o)浣滅敤鐨勬檪闁撳墖鏇村姞绶╂參銆�

銆€銆€鑰冮粸鍒嗘瀽锛�

銆€銆€1. 鏈変竴鍊嬬◢寰洠涓€榛炵殑鍠by-product銆�

銆€銆€2. 鏈変竴鍊嬬◢寰洠涓€榛炵殑鍊掕绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛�

銆€銆€3. 閭勬湁涓€鍊嬪緢鏄庨’鐨勮鍕曠祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆�

銆€銆€4. 鏈€闆ｈ〃閬旀竻妤氱殑鏄叐鍊嬪挤瑾�(di脿o)鐨勭媭瑾瀘nly gradually鍜宱nly more gradually銆�

銆€銆€绗笁鍙ワ細

銆€銆€瑭﹂椤屾簮锛歐hile it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition, or to subordinate that educative effect to some external and tangible result, it is not so easy as in dealing with adults. (41 words)

銆€銆€鍛介灏堝鏀圭偤锛歸hile it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition. it is not so easy as in dealing with adults.(29 words)

銆€銆€鍙冭€冭鏂囷細鍦ㄦ垜鍊戝拰骞磋紩浜烘帴瑙哥殑鏅傚€欙紝闆栫劧瀹规槗蹇界暐鎴戝€戠殑琛岀偤灏嶄粬鍊戞€ф牸鐨勫奖闊�锛涗絾閫欏苟涓嶅儚鑸囨垚骞翠汉鎵撲氦閬撻偅涔堢啊鍠€�

銆€銆€缈昏璎涜В锛�

銆€銆€1. 鏁村€嬪彞瀛愮祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)姣旇純寰�(f霉)闆滄槸鐢眞hile寮曡捣鐨勭媭瑾炲緸鍙�銆�

銆€銆€2. 寰炲彞閮ㄥ垎鏈変竴鍊嬫渶绨″柈鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)it is easy to ignore鈥﹀彲浠ョ炕璀偤锛氬緢瀹规槗蹇借鈥�銆傞€欑ó褰㈠紡涓昏獮鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍦ㄨ€冪爺缈昏涓嚭鐝�(xi脿n)閬庡娆°€傝珛鍙冭€�01骞�72椤�锛�05骞�65椤�锛�07骞�49椤屽拰50椤�銆�

銆€銆€3. 浣嗘槸锛岃娉ㄦ剰鍒癷gnore閫欏€嬪嫊瑭炵殑璩撹獮閮ㄥ垎鏄痶he effect of鈥�锛宨n our contact with them閮ㄥ垎鏄媭瑾�銆傚厛缈昏in our contact with them锛屾剰鎬濇槸鈥滃湪鎴戝€戣垏浠栧€戠殑鎺ヨЦ閬庣▼涓�锛屾垨鑰呭湪鎴戝€戝拰浠栧€戜氦寰€鐨勬檪鍊欌€�銆傞€欓噷鐨則hem鍙互鏍规摎(j霉)涓婃枃鎸囦唬鏄庣⒑锛屾槸鎸噒he young骞磋紩浜�銆傛墍浠ワ紝鍙互缈昏鐐猴細鍦ㄦ垜鍊戝拰骞磋紩浜烘帴瑙哥殑鏅傚€�锛屽緢瀹规槗蹇界暐鈥�銆�

銆€銆€4. the effect of our acts upon their disposition閫欏€嬮儴鍒�锛屾湁涓€鍊嬫瘮杓冮洠鐨勫柈瑭瀌isposition锛屾槸鈥滄€ф牸銆佸偩鍚戔€濈瓑鎰忔€�銆傞€欏€嬪柈瑭炴槸涓€鍊嬫槑椤殑鈥滆秴缍辫鈥�锛屼絾鏄彲浠ユ牴鎿�(j霉)涓婃枃鈥滄垜鍊戠殑琛岀偤灏嶄粬鍊戔€︾殑褰遍熆鈥濈嵅寰楃瓟妗�銆傛墍浠ワ紝閫欏€嬮儴鍒嗙炕璀偤锛氭垜鍊戠殑琛岀偤灏嶄粬鍊戞€ф牸鐨勫奖闊�銆�

銆€銆€5. 鍐嶈瑾獁hile閫欏€嬭锛屾剰鎬濆熀鏈彧鏈夊叐鍊�锛屼竴鍊嬫槸鈥滅暥鈥︾殑鏅傚€欌€濓紝涓€鍊嬫槸鈥滈洊鐒垛€︹€�銆傚墠涓€鍊嬫剰鎬濆湪鑰冪爺缈昏涓咕涔庢矑鏈夎€冮亷锛涜€岀浜屽€嬫剰鎬濃€滈洊鐒垛€濆墖灞㈠雹鍑虹従(xi脿n)閬�锛屽99骞�71椤�锛�2000骞�73椤�锛�06骞�48椤�锛�07骞�50椤屽拰08骞�48椤�銆傛墍浠�锛屾暣鍊嬪緸鍙ラ儴鍒嗗彲浠ョ炕璀偤锛氬湪鎴戝€戝拰骞磋紩浜烘帴瑙哥殑鏅傚€�锛岄洊鐒跺鏄撳拷鐣ユ垜鍊戠殑琛岀偤灏嶄粬鍊戞€ф牸鐨勫奖闊�銆傛垨鑰咃細鍦ㄥ拰骞磋紩浜烘帴瑙哥殑鏅傚€�锛岄洊鐒舵垜鍊�?n猫i)鑿€缂€闆庢檿瑕€鍏婄敺琚ㄩ柗位楹勫唭鎰跨鎸犵粖鎲�?/p>

銆€銆€6. 涓诲彞閮ㄥ垎鏄痠t is not so easy as in dealing with adults锛屽鏋滅◢寰笉娉ㄦ剰锛屽彲浠ヨ兘灏辨渻缈昏鐐猴細鍜屾垚骞翠汉鐩歌檿鍓囨矑鏈夐偅涔堝鏄�銆傛垜鍊戦渶瑕佹敞鎰忓埌not so鈥s鈥﹂€欏€嬬祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛屾剰鎬濇槸鈥滀笉鍍忊€﹂偅涔堚€︹€�銆傜偤浜嗚鏄庨€欏€嬫瘮杓冪祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛屾垜鍊戣垑鍏╁€嬬啊鍠緥瀛愮湅鐪嬶細It was not so bad as last time! 閫欐涓嶅儚涓婃閭ｄ箞澹�! It did not take so long as we expected. 鏅傞枔娌掑儚鎴戝€戦爯(y霉)鏂欑殑閭ｄ箞涔�銆傚叾瀵︼紝閫欏€嬫瘮杓冪祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍦�99骞�71椤岃€冮亷椤炰技鐨刟s鈥s鈥�銆傛墍浠�锛宯ot so easy as鈥﹀氨鍙互缈昏鐐猴細涓嶅儚鑸囨垚骞翠汉鎵撲氦閬撻偅涔堢啊鍠�銆�

銆€銆€鑰冮粸鍒嗘瀽锛�

銆€銆€1. 闆ｈdisposition锛岃绲刣eal with闆栫劧鑰冮亷澶氭锛屽95骞�75椤岋紝05骞�65椤�锛屼絾鏄剰鎬濇牴鎿�(j霉)涓婁笅鏂囧悇涓嶇浉鍚�銆�

銆€銆€2. while寮曡捣鐨勭媭瑾炲緸鍙�銆�

銆€銆€3. not so鈥s鈥︽瘮杓冪祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆�

銆€銆€绗洓鍙ワ細

銆€銆€鑰冭│瑭﹂锛歋ince our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life we cannot help considering whether or not we are forming the powers which will secure this ability.(33 words)

銆€銆€鍙冭€冭鏂囷細鏃㈢劧鎴戝€戠殑涓昏浠诲嫏(w霉)鍦ㄤ簬浣垮勾杓曚汉鍙冭垏鍏卞悓鐢熸椿锛屾垜鍊戜笉鑳戒笉鑰冩叜鎴戝€戞槸鍚︽鍦ㄥ舰鎴愪竴绋姏閲�锛岄€欑ó鍔涢噺鍙互纰轰繚鎴戝€戠嵅寰楄兘鍔�銆�

銆€銆€缈昏璎涜В锛�

銆€銆€1. 閫欏€嬪彞瀛愭瘮杓冨京(f霉)闆滐紝鍐嶅姞涓婁富鍙ュ拰寰炲彞涔嬮枔娌掓湁妯欓粸绗﹁櫉鏂烽枊锛屾墍浠�锛岃鐪嬫竻鏄痵ince鈥e鈥﹂€欏€嬪ぇ绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆�

銆€銆€2. 寰炲彞閮ㄥ垎姣旇純绨″柈Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life銆備絾鏄�锛岃娉ㄦ剰business閫欏€嬭锛屼笉瑕佺炕璀偤鈥滅敓鎰忊€濓紝鍥犵偤涓婃枃瑾亷deal with鏄€滄墦浜ら亾鈥濈殑鎰忔€�銆傛墍浠ワ紝閫欓噷鐨刢hief business閭勬槸鎵撲氦閬撻亷绋嬩腑鐨勨€滀富瑕佷换鍕�(w霉)鈥�銆傛墍浠�锛屽緸鍙ラ儴鍒嗙炕璀偤锛氭棦鐒舵垜鍊戠殑涓昏浠诲嫏(w霉)鍦ㄤ簬浣垮勾杓曚汉鍙冭垏鍏卞悓鐢熸椿銆�

銆€銆€3. 涓诲彞閮ㄥ垎涔熸槸涓€鍊嬪京(f霉)鍚堝彞锛屽叾涓诲共鏄痺e cannot help considering鈥�?锛熸ⅱ鐏捐嫰鑷冾厫g鐐猴細鎴戝€戜笉寰椾笉鑰冩叜鈥︼紝鎴戝€戠涓嶄綇瑕佽€冩叜鈥�銆�

銆€銆€4. whether or not we are forming the powers涔熸瘮杓冪啊鍠�锛屽彲浠ョ洿鎺ョ炕璀細鎴戝€戞槸鍚︽鍦ㄥ舰鎴愪竴绋姏閲忋€倃hich閫欏€嬪畾瑾炲緸鍙hich will secure this ability锛屽厛鐩磋鐐猴細灏囩⒑淇濋€欑ó鑳藉姏銆備絾鏄饥瑾炵暐椤緱鐢熺‖锛屽彲浠ュ鍔犱竴鍊嬪嫊瑭炩€滃皣纰轰繚鎴戝€戠嵅寰楅€欑ó鑳藉姏鈥�銆俉hich瀹氳獮寰炲彞鏄慨椋総he power锛屽彲浠ュ墠缃€掑厛琛岃鍓嶉潰缈昏锛氭垜鍊戞槸鍚︽鍦ㄥ舰鎴愪竴绋皣纰轰繚鎴戝€戠嵅寰楅€欑ó鑳藉姏鐨勫姏閲忋€備絾鏄�锛屽悗闈㈤儴鍒嗏€滈€欑ó鑳藉姏鐨勫姏閲忊€�锛屽叐鍊嬧€滃姏鈥濆瓧鐤婂姞锛岀◢椤笉濡ャ€傛墍浠�锛岄倓鏄妸瀹氳獮寰炲彞鏀惧埌鍚庨潰濂斤細鎴戝€戞槸鍚︽鍦ㄥ舰鎴愪竴绋姏閲忥紝閫欑ó鍔涢噺鍙互纰轰繚鎴戝€戠嵅寰楄兘鍔�銆�

銆€銆€鑰冮粸鍒嗘瀽锛�

銆€銆€1. since鎵€寮曡捣鐨勫緸鍙�銆�

銆€銆€2. which瀹氳獮寰炲彞銆�

銆€銆€3. cannot help doing鈥︾祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛寃hether or not鈥︾祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆�

銆€銆€鑰冭│瑭﹂锛歐e are thus led to distinguish, within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering, a more formal kind of education -- that of direct tuition or schooling.(31words)

銆€銆€鍙冭€冭鏂囷細鍥犳锛屽湪涓婅堪(鐩墠鐐烘宸茬稉(j墨ng)鑰冩叜鍒扮殑)瀵硾鐨勬暀鑲查亷绋嬩腑锛屽彲浠ヤ娇鎴戝€戝崁(q奴)鍒ュ嚭涓€绋洿姝ｈ(gu墨)鐨勬暀鑲诧紝鍗崇洿鎺ユ暀灏�(d菐o)鎴�?q奴)W鏍℃暀鑲�銆�

銆€銆€缈昏璎涜В锛�

銆€銆€1. 瑕佺湅鍒癲istinguish鐨勮硴瑾為儴鍒嗘槸a more formal kind of education銆�

銆€銆€2. within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering鍙互鐪嬪仛涓€鍊嬫彃鍏ヨ獮锛屾瘮杓冨鏄撶炕璀�锛屽瓧闈㈡剰鎬濇槸锛氬湪涓€鍊嬫洿寤ｆ硾鐨勬暀鑲查亷绋嬩腑锛岃€岄€欏€嬪唬娉涚殑鏁欒偛閬庣▼鎴戝€戞埅鑷崇洰鍓嶇偤姝㈠凡缍�(j墨ng)鑰冩叜(瑷庤珫)閬�銆傛墍浠ュ彲浠ョ炕璀偤锛氬湪涓婅堪鏇村娉涚殑鏁欒偛閬庣▼涓€備笉閬�锛岃鐭ラ亾so far鏄€滅洰鍓嶇偤姝⑩€濈殑鎰忔€�锛宑onsider鍩烘湰鎰忔€濇槸鈥滆€冩叜鈥�锛屼絾鏄湪璜栬閬庣▼涓紝鎴戝€戝凡缍�(j墨ng)鑰冩叜閬庝簡锛屾墍浠ヤ篃鏈夆€滆◣璜栤€濈殑鎰忔€濄€�

銆€銆€3. 涓诲共閮ㄥ垎we are lead to distinguish鈥�锛岃鐪嬪埌鍏朵腑鐨勮鍕曠祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛屽熀鏈剰鎬濇槸鈥滄垜鍊戣寮曞皫(d菐o)鍘诲崁(q奴)鍒モ€︹€�銆備富璩撻鍊掍箣鍚庯紝鍙互缈昏鐐猴細鍙互浣挎垜鍊戝崁(q奴)鍒ュ嚭鈥�銆�

銆€銆€4. 璩撹獮閮ㄥ垎闈炲父绨″柈a more formal kind of education -- that of direct tuition or schooling銆備竴绋洿姝ｈ(gu墨)鐨勬暀鑲�锛屽嵆鐩存帴鏁欏皫(d菐o)鍜屽(xu茅)鏍℃暀鑲�銆傞€欓噷鐨則uition閫欏€嬪柈瑭烇紝骞朵笉鏄秴缍辫锛屼絾鏄�锛屽ソ澶氬(xu茅)鐢熷彧瑷橀亷鈥滃(xu茅)璨烩€濈殑鎰忔€�锛屽畠閭勬湁涓€鍊嬫剰鎬濇槸 (esp fml 灏ゅ叾鐢ㄤ簬姝ｅ紡鏂囬珨涓�) teaching or instruction, esp that given to individuals or small groups 鏁欏(xu茅), 璎涙巿锛屽挨鍏舵寚灏嶅€嬩汉鎴栧皬绲勭殑鏁欏皫(d菐o)銆傛墍浠�锛岃娉ㄦ剰鍗€(q奴)鍒uition鍜宻chooling鐨勭窗寰樊鍒ャ€�

銆€銆€鑰冮粸鍒嗘瀽锛�

銆€銆€1. 鍠tuition鐨勭炕璀�銆�

銆€銆€2. 琚嫊绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆�

銆€銆€3. 瀹氳獮寰炲彞銆�