銆€銆€鍦ㄥ仛闁辫畝鐞嗚В椤屾檪锛屾湁浜涜€冪敓寰€寰€鎷夸笉瀹氫富鎰忥紝鏄厛璁€鏂囩珷濂介倓鏄厛鐪嬪晱椤屽ソ銆傚叾瀵︿笉鍚岀殑浜烘湁涓嶅悓鐨勭繏鎱�锛屽悓瀛稿€戝彲閲忊€滈鈥濊€屽畾锛屾牴鎿�(j霉)鏂囩珷鐨勯洠鏄撶▼搴﹀拰鑷繁灏嶆枃绔犵殑鐞嗚В绋嬪害閲囩敤涓嶅悓鐨勮В椤屾椹�銆�

銆€銆€鏈夌殑鍚屽鍠滄鍦ㄥ仛椤岄亷绋嬩腑閬囧埌鍥伴洠鍐嶉噸璁€鑸囪В椤屾湁闂滅殑鏂囧瓧锛岄€欑ó鏂规硶閬╁悎闁辫畝姘村钩寰堥珮銆佽鎲跺姏杓冨ソ鐨勮€冪敓鎴栭柋璁€绨″柈鏄撴噦鐨勬枃绔�銆傜敱浜庝汉鐨勫ぇ鑵︾煭鏈熻鎲舵湁闄愶紝涓嶅彲鑳借浣忓叏閮ㄥ収(n猫i)瀹瑰拰绱扮瘈(ji茅)閮ㄥ垎锛屾垜鍊戣畝鈥滄噦鈥濇枃绔犲氨闇€瑕佷竴瀹氱殑鏅傞枔锛屽仛椤屾檪锛屽悓瀛稿€戦倓寰楀洖鍒版枃绔犻噸鏂伴柋璁€鐩搁棞閮ㄥ垎锛岄€欐ǎ涓€渚嗗緢瀹规槗灏庤嚧浜嗘檪闁撶殑娴不锛岀瓟妗堜篃鏈繀绮剧⒑銆�

銆€銆€涔熸湁閮ㄥ垎鑰冪敓鍠滄甯惰憲鍟忛鐪嬫枃绔�锛屽揩閫熸悳绱㈤鐩姹傜殑淇℃伅锛屽苟灏嶆墍绲﹂伕鎿囬爡閫茶鏄潪鍒ゆ柗銆傜悊瑙ｇ窗绡€(ji茅)椤炲瀷鐨勯锛屾垜鍊戦渶娉ㄦ剰閬告搰闋呬腑鍝竴闋呰垏娈佃惤涓墍绲︾殑淇℃伅鐩稿皪鎳�锛屾渶绲傚仛鍑烘妷鎿�銆傚嚒灞皪瑭炶獮鎴栧彞瀛愬収(n猫i)娑电殑鐞嗚В椤岋紝鎳夋牴鎿�(j霉)涓婁笅鏂囬€茶鎺ㄦ柗銆傜稖鍚堟绱嶃€侀倧杓帹鐞嗙殑椤�锛屽墖闇€鏍规摎(j霉)娈佃惤鎴栨枃绔犵殑瑾炵瘒鎰忔€濆姞浠ョ悊瑙ｏ紝鍘荤矖鍙栫簿銆佸幓鍋藉瓨鐪�銆佺敱姝ゅ強褰�銆佺敱琛ㄥ強閲岀殑鎬濊€冨垽鏂�銆傞€欓椤屽線寰€娑夊強鏂囩珷鐨勪富椤�銆佹椤�銆佷綔鑰呯殑瀵綔鎰忓湒銆佷綔鑰呭皪鎵€璜栬堪浜嬬墿鐨勮榛炵瓑绛�銆�

銆€銆€閫欑ó鏂规硶鐨勫彲鍙栨€у湪浜庘€滄湁鐨勬斁鐭⑩€�锛岀洰妯欐槑纰�锛岀瘈(ji茅)鐪佹檪闁�銆傚付钁楀晱椤屽幓鎵剧瓟妗�锛岄€欐ǎ鍙互灏嶈垏鍟忛鏈夐棞鐨勫収(n猫i)瀹瑰鐪�銆佺窗鐪嬶紱灏嶈垏鍟忛鐒￠棞鐨勫収(n猫i)瀹瑰氨绮楃暐鍦颁竴甯惰€岄亷锛岀敋鑷冲彲浠ヤ笉鐪�銆傞€欐ǎ鏃㈡彁楂樹簡闁辫畝閫熷害锛屽張鎻愰珮浜嗙瓟妗堢殑婧栫⒑鐜囥€傞€欑ó鏈夌殑鏀剧煝鐨勬柟娉曚篃鏈夊叾闇€瑕佹敞鎰忕殑鍦版柟锛屽湪涓嶄簡瑙ｇ煭鏂囩殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆佷富椤岃垏绱扮瘈(ji茅)鍒嗗竷鐨勬儏娉佷笅锛屽鏋滆€冪敓涓嶈兘寰堝揩鍦版煡鎵惧埌鎵€闇€淇℃伅锛屽氨鏈冩氮璨荤弽璨寸殑鑰冭│鏅傞枔銆�

銆€銆€鍏堝揩閫熼柋璁€鐭枃浠ユ湡鐛插緱绺介珨鍗拌薄锛岀劧鍚庨柋璁€鍟忛锛屽埄鐢ㄢ€滃皨璁€鈥濇柟娉曞厛瑙ｇ瓟鍦ㄧ煭鏂囦腑鑳界洿鎺ユ壘鍒扮瓟妗堢殑绱扮瘈(ji茅)鍜屼簨瀵﹂銆傛绋В椤屾柟娉曞爆浜庝繚瀹堢殑鍋氶鏂规硶锛屾敹鏁堜竴鑸兘寰堝ソ锛岃€冪敓鍦ㄧ€忚鏂囩珷鐨勯亷绋嬩腑浜嗚В鍒扮煭鏂囩殑楂旇鍙婇鏉�銆佹枃绔犵殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)妯″紡锛岀辜鑰屽垎娓呯煭鏂囩殑涓婚鑸囩窗绡€(ji茅)銆傞€欑ó鏂规硶纰轰繚浜嗙瓟椤岀殑婧栫⒑鐜�銆�

銆€銆€鐪炬墍鍛ㄧ煡锛岄€欎簺鏂囬珨鐨勬枃绔犳湁涓€鍊嬪叡鍚岀殑鐗归粸锛屽嵆锛氱敤涓€绯诲垪鐨勮珫鎿�(j霉)璜栬瓑鎴栬鏄庝竴鍊嬩腑蹇冭椤屻€傛枃绔犵祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)澶ц嚧涓夋锛氭彁鍑哄晱椤�銆佽珫杩板晱椤�銆佺祼(ji茅)璜栧晱椤�銆�

銆€銆€鐣剁劧锛岄€欏彧鏄閫欓鏂囩珷鏈€鍏稿瀷鐨勫娉�锛屽苟涓嶆剰鍛宠憲瀹冨€戦兘鏄崈绡囦竴寰嬪湴閬靛惊閫欑ó妯″紡锛屽锛氭湁浜涙枃绔犱篃瑷变笉鐩存帴鎻愬嚭鍟忛锛岃€屽儏鍍呭湪鏂囧悗闂℃槑绲�(ji茅)璜栵紱鏈変簺鏂囩珷濡傛灉绲�(ji茅)璜栧凡鑷槑鐨勮┍锛屼究涓嶅啀閲嶈堪绲�(ji茅)璜栵紱鏈変簺绲�(ji茅)璜栨瘮鎻愬嚭鍟忛閮ㄥ垎琛ㄩ仈寰楁洿鏄庣⒑鎴栨洿閫蹭竴姝�锛涙湁浜涘墖鍒╃敤寮曡堪鍒ヤ汉鐨勭湅娉曟垨瑭曞児绲�(ji茅)鏉熻◣璜�(灏ゅ叾鏄柊鑱為珨鏂囩珷)锛涚瓑绛夈€備絾鏄�锛岀劇璜栧摢绋祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛屽ぇ閮ㄥ垎鏂囩珷鎴栬€呮槸閬靛惊浠ヤ笂鎻愬埌鐨勯€欑ó璜栬堪鏂瑰紡锛屾垨鑰呭儏鏄€欑ó妯″紡鐨勮畩楂斻€傚彟澶�锛岃璜栨枃鍜岃鏄庢枃缍�(j墨ng)甯哥晫闄愰洠鍒�锛屽郊姝ょ浉浜掓徊閫�銆�

銆€銆€鐒¤珫寰�澶х侗鎵€瑕佹眰鑰冪敓鎺屾彙鐨勯柋璁€鎶€鑳戒締鐪嬶紝閭勬槸寰炶€冮鐨勫懡椤岃搴︿締鐪�锛岃€冪敓瀛告渻鎶婃彙鏂囩珷鐨勪富鏃ㄩ潪甯搁噸瑕�銆傚彧鏈夋妸鎻′綇鏂囩珷鐨勪富鏃ㄥ拰鍚勬鐨勪富椤岋紝鑰冪敓鎵嶈兘鎶婃彙鏌愬€嬪眬閮ㄥ湪涓婁笅鏂囦腑鐨勯棞绯讳互鍙婁綔鑰呯殑瑙€榛炶垏鎱�(t脿i)搴�锛屽緸鑰屾摎(j霉)姝ら€茶鍒ゆ柗銆佹帹鐞嗗拰寮曠敵銆�

銆€銆€鍥犳锛岃惉瀛告捣鏂囧缓璀拌€冪敓閲囩敤涓婃枃鎻愬埌鐨勭浜岀ó闁辫畝鏂瑰紡锛氶倞璁€閭婃湁鎰忚瓨鍦版妸鎻℃枃绔犵殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屼綔鑰呯殑鎺ㄧ悊閬庣▼锛屽苟鍦ㄦ鍩虹涓婅€冨療鍏烽珨绱扮瘈(ji茅)锛岄€茶鍒ゆ柗鍜屽紩鐢炽€�

銆€銆€璁撴垜鍊戜互2000骞磋€冮绗笁绡囨枃绔犵偤渚�锛屾鎷湴瑾槑浠ヤ笂闁辫畝鏂瑰紡鐨勫惈缇╁拰閲嶈鎬э細

銆€銆€When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion,it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at,for,however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today,it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal. With regard to Futurist poetry,however,the case is rather difficult,whatever Futurist poetry may be-even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right-it can hardly be classed as Literature.

銆€銆€This,in brief,is what the Futurist says: for a century,past conditions of life h***e been conditionally speeding up,till now we live in a world of noise and violence and speed. Consequently,our feelings,thoughts and emotions h***e undergone corresponding changes. This speeding up of life,says the Futurist,requires a new form of expression. We must speed up our literature too,if we want to interpret modern stress. We must pour out a large stream of essential words,unhampered by stops,qualifying adjectives,or finite verbs. Instead of describing sounds we must make up words that imitate them; we must use many sizes of type and different colored ink on the same page,and shorten or lengthen words at will.

銆€銆€Certainly their deions of battles are confused. But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line descries a fight between a Turk and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river-and then find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers,鈥淧luff! Pluff! A hundred and eightyfive kilograms.鈥�

銆€銆€This,though it fulfills the laws and requirements of Futurist poetry,can hardly be classed as Literature. All the same,no thinking man can refuse to accept their first proposition: that a great change in our emotional life calls for a change of expression. The whole question is really this: h***e we essentially changed? (2000骞磋€冮)

銆€銆€銆愮稖鍚堝垎鏋愩€戠涓€鍙ユ彁鍑轰綔鑰呯殑鏂囧瑭曡珫瑙€銆傜涓€娈电浜屽彞琛ㄩ仈浜嗕綔鑰呭皪鏈締娲捐┅姝岀殑鐪嬫硶锛岄€欑ó鐪嬫硶鍦ㄦ渶鍚庝竴娈电涓€鍙ュ緱鍒扮収鎳�锛屽儏鍍呮姄浣忛€欏叐鍙ワ紝鎴戝€戝皪浣滆€呯殑瑙€榛炲拰鎰忓湒灏辫兘涓€鐩簡鐒�銆傜浜屾绗竴鍙ョ殑鍓嶅崐鍙ュ憡瑷存垜鍊戯細鏈璜囩殑鏄湭渚嗘淳瑭╀汉鐨勫壍(chu脿ng)浣滅悊蹇�锛屾湰娈电涓夊彞灏嶉€欏€嬬悊蹇甸€茶浜嗘鎷€ц鏄庛€傜鍥涙鑸変緥瑾槑浜嗕粬鍊戠殑鍓�(chu脿ng)浣滅壒榛�銆�

銆€銆€鐩告噳鍦帮紝涓嬪垪鍥涘€嬮閲濆皪閫欎簺鏂归潰鈥斺€斾綔鑰呯殑鏂囧瑭曡珫瑙€銆佸皪鏈締娲捐┅姝岀殑鐪嬫硶銆佹湭渚嗘淳瑭╂瓕鐨勫壍(chu脿ng)浣滅悊蹇碘€斺€旂殑閲嶈淇℃伅灞曢枊鎻愬晱銆�

銆€銆€59. This passage is mainly .

銆€?銆傝窐锛� a survey of new approaches to art

銆€?銆傝窓锛� a review of Futurist poetry

銆€銆€锛籆锛� about merits of the Futurist movement

銆€?銆傝窢锛� about laws and requirements of literature

銆€銆€銆愬垎鏋愩€戣┎椤屾脯瑭﹁€冪敓灏嶆枃绔犵殑瀹忚鎶婃彙銆傚緸鏂囩珷绗竴娈电浜屽彞鈥斺€旀彁鍑鸿榛炩€斺€斿拰鏈€鍚庝竴娈电涓€鍙モ€斺€旂祼(ji茅)璜栵紝涓嶉洠鐪嬪嚭锛屾湰鏂囨槸灏嶆湭渚嗘淳瑭╂瓕鐨勮⿻璜�锛屽洜姝わ紝锛籅锛芥槸姝ｇ⒑绛旀銆�

銆€銆€60. When a novel literary idea appears,people should try to .

銆€?銆傝窐锛� determine its purposes

銆€銆€锛籅锛� ignore its flaws

銆€?銆傝窚锛� follow the new fashions

銆€銆€锛籇锛� accept the principles

銆€銆€銆愬垎鏋愩€戣┎椤岀殑娓│閲嶉粸鏄綔鑰呯殑鏂囧瑭曡珫瑙€銆傛牴鎿�(j霉)鏂囩珷绗竴鍙�锛屼綔鑰呰獚鐐猴紝姣忕暥涓€鍊嬫柊钘濊閬嬪嫊閬斿埌涓€瀹氭祦琛岀▼搴︽檪锛屾渶濂藉厛鎵惧嚭鍏跺€″皫鑰呯殑鐩殑锛屽洜鐐虹劇璜栧叾鍘熷墖鍦ㄤ粖澶╃湅渚嗗彲鑳芥槸澶氫箞涓嶈憲閭婇殯銆佸涔堣崚璎�锛屼絾鏄暩(sh霉)骞村悗瀹冧篃瑷辨渻琚湅鍋氭槸姝ｅ父鐨勬澅瑗裤€傚洜姝�锛岋蓟A锛芥槸姝ｇ⒑绛旀锛屾剰鐐猴細纰哄畾鍏剁洰鐨�銆�

銆€銆€61. Futurists claim that we must .

銆€銆€锛籄锛� increase the production of literature

銆€?銆傝窓锛� use poetry to relieve modern stress

銆€?銆傝窚锛� develop new modes of expression

銆€?銆傝窢锛� ***oid using adjectives and verbs

銆€銆€銆愬垎鏋愩€戣┎椤屾彁鍟忕殑鏄湭渚嗘淳瑭╂瓕鐨勫壍(chu脿ng)浣滅悊蹇�锛屽緸鏂囩珷绗簩娈电殑涓婚渚嗙湅锛岋蓟C锛芥槸姝ｇ⒑绛旀锛屾剰鐐猴細鎵惧嚭鏂扮殑琛ㄩ仈鏂瑰紡銆�

銆€銆€62. The author believes that Futurist poetry is .

銆€銆€锛籄锛� based on reasonable principles

銆€?銆傝窓锛� new and acceptable to ordinary people

銆€銆€锛籆锛� indicative of a basic change in human nature

銆€?銆傝窢锛� more of a transient phenomenon than literature

銆€銆€銆愬垎鏋愩€戞湰椤岀殑娓│閲嶉粸鏄綔鑰呭皪鏈締娲捐┅姝岀殑鐪嬫硶锛屼綔鑰呭皪鏈締娲捐┅姝岄€茶浜嗗毚鍘茬殑鎵硅⿻銆傚湪鍥涘€嬮伕鎿囬爡涓�锛屽彧鏈夛蓟D锛藉惈鏈夋壒瑭曟剰鍛筹紝鎰忕偤锛氳垏鍏惰鏄枃瀛�锛屼笉濡傝鏄竴绋◢绺卞嵆閫濈殑鐝�(xi脿n)璞�銆�