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銆€銆€1.瀵綔鏀荤暐
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銆€銆€How New York Became America顒媠 Largest City
銆€銆€In the 18th century New York was smaller than Philadelphia and Boston.Today it is the largest city in America.How can the change in its size and importance be explained锛�
銆€銆€To answer this question we must consider certain facts about geography锛� history锛宎nd economics.Together these three will explain the huge growth of America顒媠 most famous city.
銆€銆€The map of the Northeast shows that four of the most heavily populated areas in this region are around seaports.At these points materials from across the sea enter the United States锛� and the product of the land are sent there for export across the sea.
銆€銆€Economists know that places where transportation lines meet are good places for making raw materials into finished goods.That is why seaports often have cities nearby.But cities like New York needed more than their geographical location in order to become great industrial centers.Their development did not happen simply by chance.
銆€銆€About 1815锛寃hen many Americans from the east coast had already moved toward the west锛宼rade routes from the ports to the central regions of the country began to be a serious problem. The slow wagons of that time锛宒rawn by horses or oxen锛寃ere too expensive for moving heavy freight very far. Americans had long admired Europe顒媠 canals.In New York State a canal seemed the best solution to the transportation problem.From the eastern end of Lake Erie all the way across the state to the Hudson River there is a long strip of low land.Here the Erie Canal was constructed. After several years of work it was completed in 1825.
銆€銆€The canal produced an immediate effect.Freight costs were cut to about one-tenth of what had been.New York City锛寃hich had been smaller than Philadelphia and Boston锛� quickly became the leading city of the coast.In the years that followed锛� transportation routes on the Great Lakes were joined to routes on the Mississippi River.Then New York City became the end point of a great inland shipping system that extended from the Atlantic Ocean far up the western branches of the Mississippi.
銆€銆€The coming of the railroads made canal shipping less important锛宐ut it tied New York even more closely to the central regions of the country.It was easier for people in the central states to ship their goods to New York for export overseas.
銆€銆€Exports from New York were greater than imports.Consequently锛宻hipping companies were eager to fill their ships with passengers on the return trip from Europe.Passengers could come from Europe very cheaply as a result.
銆€銆€Thus New York became the greatest port for receiving people from European countries. Many of these people remained in the city.Others stayed in New York for a few weeks锛宮onths锛宱r years锛宎nd then moved to other parts of the United States.For these great number of new Americans New York had to provide homes锛� goods锛� and services.Their labor helped the city be come great.
銆€銆€鎽樿
銆€銆€How New York Became America顒媠 Largest City
銆€銆€New York was once smaller than Philadelphia and Boston锛宐ut now it is America顒媠 largest city because of geography锛宧istory and economics.
銆€銆€New York was located at the seaport where materials were imported to the US and the products of the US were sent abroad across the sea.The city was further developed when the Erie Canal was completed in 1825.This linked Lake Erie to New York via the Hudson River and the cost of transporting goods to those who had settled inland was cut down.In addition锛� the Great Lakes were soon linked to the Mississippi.Later锛宺ailroads tied New York closer to the central states锛寃hose goods were exported via New York.Fewer goods were imported锛宻o cheap passages were available from Europe.New York became the main port for receiving Europeans锛宮any of whom stayed in the city and helped it become great.
銆€銆€绗洓绡€(ji茅)鍫卞憡
銆€銆€1.瀵綔鏀荤暐
銆€銆€鍫卞憡鏄笅绱氶儴闁€灏辨煇浠朵簨鎯呭悜涓婄礆閮ㄩ杸鍜岄牁(l菒ng)灏庡洖鍫卞伐浣�銆佸弽鏄犳儏娉�銆佹彁鍑哄缓璀扮瓑浣跨敤鐨勪笂琛屽叕鏂�銆傚氨鍏跺収(n猫i)瀹瑰璩�(zh矛)渚嗚锛屽彲鍒嗙偤淇℃伅椤炲牨鍛婂拰鍒嗘瀽椤炲牨鍛�銆備俊鎭鍫卞憡鍦ㄦ棩甯镐簨鍕�(w霉)涓稉(j墨ng)甯哥櫦(f膩)鐢燂紝鍏剁洰鐨勬槸閫氬牨淇℃伅鍜屾儏娉�锛屼竴鑸姹傛簴纰�銆佹纰�銆佸畬鏁�銆佺啊鏄庢壖瑕併€傚垎鏋愰鍫卞憡鍦ㄨ獮瑷€鍜屾牸寮忎笂鍓囨洿鍔犳寮�銆佸京闆滐紝鍏剁洰鐨勫湪浜庡皪鏌愬晱椤屾垨鎯呮硜閫茶瑾�(di脿o)鏌�銆佺爺绌�銆佸垎鏋愩€佽⿻浼版垨璜栬瓑鍚庢彁鍑虹祼(ji茅)璜�锛岀瘒骞呬竴鑸純闀枫€傚牨鍛婄殑瀵綔涓昏鏈変互涓嬭姹傦細
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銆€銆€2.蹇呰儗妯$増鍙ュ瀷
銆€銆€The report is hereby made to ask for the approval of the board for the solution of the problem.
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銆€銆€This report will summarize...
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銆€銆€We will fulfill the task ahead of time.
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銆€銆€Upon the request of the committee, we顒媣e conducted the report.
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銆€銆€3.蹇呰儗缍�(j墨ng)鍏歌寖鏂�
銆€銆€To锛歁r. Johnson
銆€銆€From锛歀i Nan
銆€銆€Subject锛歋hip Accident off West Coast of The Yangtze River锛孨o Casualties.
銆€銆€Date锛欰pril.4锛�2005
銆€銆€Yesterday evening two boats collided in thick fog in The Yangtze River not far from Wu Han. One was a cargo ship carrying lumber锛宎pparently on its way to The Yangtze River. The other was a National ferry on its regular run from Jiu Jiang to Wu Han.
銆€銆€However锛宐ecause of the weather conditions锛宼he captains did not realize the danger until a few seconds before the collision took place. Consequently锛宼here was no time for them to prevent the accident.
銆€銆€Fortunately锛宼here were no casualties among the crews or passengers锛宐ut both ships suffered badly damages.
銆€銆€A spokesman for the port authorities said that a committee would be set up to determine the cause of the collision.
銆€銆€Sincerely yours,
銆€銆€Li Nan
銆€銆€璀枃
銆€銆€鏀朵俊浜猴細绱勭堪閬滃厛鐢�
銆€銆€鐧�(f膩)淇′汉:鏉庢
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銆€銆€鏃ユ湡:2005骞�4鏈�4鏃�
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