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鏂囩珷鎼滅储
   
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銆€銆€1.瀵綔鏀荤暐

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銆€銆€(2)鎽樿鐨勯暦(zh菐ng)搴︿笉鎳�(y墨ng)瓒呴亷鍘熸枃鐨勪笁鍒嗕箣涓€锛屼竴鑸槸鍘熸枃鐨勫洓鍒嗕箣涓€鎴栦簲鍒嗕箣涓€锛岃€冭│鏅�(sh铆)鎳�(y墨ng)閬靛畧瑕�(gu墨)瀹氱殑瀛�?j菒n)?sh霉)闄愬埗銆�

銆€銆€(3)鍦ㄥ仛鎽樿鏅�(sh铆)鑰冪敓鍒囧繉鐓ф惉鍘熸枃锛屾噳(y墨ng)瑭茬敤鑷繁鐨勮獮瑷€渚嗗銆備竴绡囨憳瑕佹噳(y墨ng)瑭叉槸瑾炶█鐨勫啀鍓�(chu脿ng)閫�锛岃€屼笉鏄師鏂囪瑾炵殑绨�(ji菐n)鍠爢鐮�銆�

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銆€銆€(7)妾㈡煡鑸囦慨鏀规檪(sh铆)锛岃€冪敓鎳�(y墨ng)閲嶉粸(di菐n)妾㈡煡鏄惁閬烘紡浜嗗師鏂囩殑瑕侀粸(di菐n)鎴栧寘鍚簡绱�(x矛)绡€(ji茅)銆�

銆€銆€鍙﹀锛屽鎽樿鏅�(sh铆)鎳�(y墨ng)瑭蹭娇鐢ㄧ啊(ji菐n)鍠殑閵滄帴瑭�锛屽but, then, thus, yet, for绛夌瓑锛岃€屼笉鑳戒娇鐢╝t the same time, on the other hand 绛�銆�

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銆€銆€How New York Became America顒媠 Largest City

銆€銆€In the 18th century New York was smaller than Philadelphia and Boston.Today it is the largest city in America.How can the change in its size and importance be explained锛�

銆€銆€To answer this question we must consider certain facts about geography锛� history锛宎nd economics.Together these three will explain the huge growth of America顒媠 most famous city.

銆€銆€The map of the Northeast shows that four of the most heavily populated areas in this region are around seaports.At these points materials from across the sea enter the United States锛� and the product of the land are sent there for export across the sea.

銆€銆€Economists know that places where transportation lines meet are good places for making raw materials into finished goods.That is why seaports often have cities nearby.But cities like New York needed more than their geographical location in order to become great industrial centers.Their development did not happen simply by chance.

銆€銆€About 1815锛寃hen many Americans from the east coast had already moved toward the west锛宼rade routes from the ports to the central regions of the country began to be a serious problem. The slow wagons of that time锛宒rawn by horses or oxen锛寃ere too expensive for moving heavy freight very far. Americans had long admired Europe顒媠 canals.In New York State a canal seemed the best solution to the transportation problem.From the eastern end of Lake Erie all the way across the state to the Hudson River there is a long strip of low land.Here the Erie Canal was constructed. After several years of work it was completed in 1825.

銆€銆€The canal produced an immediate effect.Freight costs were cut to about one-tenth of what had been.New York City锛寃hich had been smaller than Philadelphia and Boston锛� quickly became the leading city of the coast.In the years that followed锛� transportation routes on the Great Lakes were joined to routes on the Mississippi River.Then New York City became the end point of a great inland shipping system that extended from the Atlantic Ocean far up the western branches of the Mississippi.

銆€銆€The coming of the railroads made canal shipping less important锛宐ut it tied New York even more closely to the central regions of the country.It was easier for people in the central states to ship their goods to New York for export overseas.

銆€銆€Exports from New York were greater than imports.Consequently锛宻hipping companies were eager to fill their ships with passengers on the return trip from Europe.Passengers could come from Europe very cheaply as a result.

銆€銆€Thus New York became the greatest port for receiving people from European countries. Many of these people remained in the city.Others stayed in New York for a few weeks锛宮onths锛宱r years锛宎nd then moved to other parts of the United States.For these great number of new Americans New York had to provide homes锛� goods锛� and services.Their labor helped the city be come great.

銆€銆€鎽樿

銆€銆€How New York Became America顒媠 Largest City

銆€銆€New York was once smaller than Philadelphia and Boston锛宐ut now it is America顒媠 largest city because of geography锛宧istory and economics.

銆€銆€New York was located at the seaport where materials were imported to the US and the products of the US were sent abroad across the sea.The city was further developed when the Erie Canal was completed in 1825.This linked Lake Erie to New York via the Hudson River and the cost of transporting goods to those who had settled inland was cut down.In addition锛� the Great Lakes were soon linked to the Mississippi.Later锛宺ailroads tied New York closer to the central states锛寃hose goods were exported via New York.Fewer goods were imported锛宻o cheap passages were available from Europe.New York became the main port for receiving Europeans锛宮any of whom stayed in the city and helped it become great.

銆€銆€绗洓绡€(ji茅)鍫�(b脿o)鍛�

銆€銆€1.瀵綔鏀荤暐

銆€銆€鍫�(b脿o)鍛婃槸涓嬬礆(j铆)閮ㄩ杸灏辨煇浠朵簨鎯呭悜涓婄礆(j铆)閮ㄩ杸鍜岄牁(l菒ng)灏�(d菐o)鍥炲牨(b脿o)宸ヤ綔銆佸弽鏄犳儏娉�銆佹彁鍑哄缓璀扮瓑浣跨敤鐨勪笂琛屽叕鏂�銆傚氨鍏跺収(n猫i)瀹瑰(sh铆)璩�(zh矛)渚嗚锛屽彲鍒嗙偤淇℃伅椤炲牨(b脿o)鍛婂拰鍒嗘瀽椤炲牨(b脿o)鍛�銆備俊鎭鍫�(b脿o)鍛婂湪鏃ュ父浜嬪嫏(w霉)涓稉(j墨ng)甯哥櫦(f膩)鐢燂紝鍏剁洰鐨勬槸閫氬牨(b脿o)淇℃伅鍜屾儏娉�锛屼竴鑸姹傛簴(zh菙n)纰恒€佹纰恒€佸畬鏁�銆佺啊(ji菐n)鏄庢壖瑕併€傚垎鏋愰鍫�(b脿o)鍛婂湪瑾炶█鍜屾牸寮忎笂鍓囨洿鍔犳寮�銆佸京(f霉)闆�锛屽叾鐩殑鍦ㄤ簬灏�(du矛)鏌愬晱椤屾垨鎯呮硜閫�(j矛n)琛岃(di脿o)鏌ャ€佺爺绌�銆佸垎鏋�銆佽⿻(p铆ng)浼版垨璜栬瓑鍚庢彁鍑虹祼(ji茅)璜�锛岀瘒骞呬竴鑸純闀�(zh菐ng)銆傚牨(b脿o)鍛婄殑瀵綔涓昏鏈変互涓嬭姹傦細

銆€銆€(1) 瀵ソ涓€浠藉牨(b脿o)鍛�锛屾挵瀵汉棣栧厛瑕佸皪(du矛)鎵€瑕佸鐨勫収(n猫i)瀹规湁鍏呭垎鐨勪簡瑙�銆傚浣滄檪(sh铆)锛屾噳(y墨ng)鐩¢噺澶氱敤琚嫊(d貌ng)瑾炴厠(t脿i)锛屽皯鐢ㄧ涓€浜虹ū锛屼互鍏嶄富瑙€銆佸啋鏄с€�

銆€銆€(2) 涓€鑸嫳鏂囧牨(b脿o)鍛婇兘鍙噰鐢ㄦ浉淇℃牸寮�銆�

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銆€銆€2.蹇呰儗妯$増鍙ュ瀷

銆€銆€The report is hereby made to ask for the approval of the board for the solution of the problem.

銆€銆€璜�(q菒ng)钁d簨鏈�(hu矛)鎵规簴(zh菙n)閫欎欢浜嬬殑瑙f焙鏂规銆�

銆€銆€This report will summarize...

銆€銆€鏈牨(b脿o)鍛婂皣绺界祼(ji茅)鈥︹€�

銆€銆€The report provides an introduction to...

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銆€銆€The operation on... is under smooth way.

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銆€銆€This report only provides guidelines they can use to assess their own needs.

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銆€銆€May I have your approval of...by the end of this month?

銆€銆€鏈堝簳涔嬪墠鎴戣兘寰楀埌鎮ㄥ氨鈥︹€︾殑鎵规簴(zh菙n)鍡�锛�

銆€銆€We will fulfill the task ahead of time.

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銆€銆€Upon the request of the committee, we顒媣e conducted the report.

銆€銆€鎳�(y墨ng)濮斿摗鏈�(hu矛)鐨勮珛(q菒ng)姹傦紝鎴戝€戝畬鎴愪簡閫欎唤鍫�(b脿o)鍛�銆�

銆€銆€3.蹇呰儗缍�(j墨ng)鍏歌寖鏂�

銆€銆€To锛歁r. Johnson

銆€銆€From锛歀i Nan

銆€銆€Subject锛歋hip Accident off West Coast of The Yangtze River锛孨o Casualties.

銆€銆€Date锛欰pril.4锛�2005

銆€銆€Yesterday evening two boats collided in thick fog in The Yangtze River not far from Wu Han. One was a cargo ship carrying lumber锛宎pparently on its way to The Yangtze River. The other was a National ferry on its regular run from Jiu Jiang to Wu Han.

銆€銆€However锛宐ecause of the weather conditions锛宼he captains did not realize the danger until a few seconds before the collision took place. Consequently锛宼here was no time for them to prevent the accident.

銆€銆€Fortunately锛宼here were no casualties among the crews or passengers锛宐ut both ships suffered badly damages.

銆€銆€A spokesman for the port authorities said that a committee would be set up to determine the cause of the collision.

銆€銆€Sincerely yours,

銆€銆€Li Nan

銆€銆€璀枃

銆€銆€鏀朵俊浜猴細绱勭堪閬滃厛鐢�

銆€銆€鐧�(f膩)淇′汉:鏉庢

銆€銆€涓婚:闀�(zh菐ng)姹熻タ宀告挒鑸逛簨鏁�,鐒″偡浜�

銆€銆€鏃ユ湡:2005骞�4鏈�4鏃�

銆€銆€鏄ㄦ櫄鍦ㄨ窛姝︽饥涓嶉仩(yu菐n)铏�锛岄暦(zh菐ng)姹熶笂鐨勫叐鑹樿埞鍦ㄦ績闇т腑鐩告挒銆傚叾涓竴鑹樼偤瑁濋亱(y霉n)鏈ㄦ潗鐨勮波鑸�锛屾鍚戦暦(zh菐ng)姹熼渚嗭紱鍙﹀涓€鑹樻槸鍦�(gu贸)瀹舵浮鑸规寰炰節姹熷埌姝︽饥姝e父鑸銆�

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銆€銆€骞搁亱(y霉n)鐨勬槸鑸瑰摗鍜屼箻瀹㈤兘娌掓湁鍌蜂骸,浣嗚埞鐨勬悕瀹崇浉鐣�(d膩ng)鍤�(y谩n)閲嶃€�

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銆€銆€浣犺獱(ch茅ng)鎽殑锛氭潕妤�

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