绗崄澶╋細鎷嗗垎绲勫悎 缈昏蹇▊---閭忚集绲勫悎

灏嶅彞瀛愰€�(j矛n)琛屾媶鍒�銆佸苟纰哄畾浜嗗悇鎰忕兢鐨勬剰缇╀互鍚�锛岄渶瑕佹寜鐓т腑鏂囩殑閭忚集灏囨剰鎬濈祫鍚堣捣渚�锛屽嵆鎸夌収涓枃琛ㄩ仈(d谩)缈�(x铆)鎱ｅ拰閭忚集闂�(gu膩n)绯婚噸鏂板畨鎺掑彞瀛愰爢搴忥紝濡傚皣瀹氳獮鍜岀媭瑾炲墠缃瓑銆備笅闈粛鐒朵互鍓嶉潰鐨勪笁鍊嬩緥瀛愯鏄庡浣曢€�(j矛n)琛岄倧杓祫鍚�銆�

渚嬩竴锛�

72. “In short”, a leader of the new school contends, “the scientific revolution, as we call it, was largely the improvement and invention and use of a series of instruments that expanded the reach of science in innumerable directions.” (1994-72)

鏂板(xu茅)娲剧殑涓€浣嶉牁(l菒ng)琚栦汉鐗╁爡鎸佽锛�“绨¤█涔�锛屾垜鍊戞墍璎傜殑绉戝(xu茅)闈╁懡锛屼富瑕佹槸鎸囦竴绯诲垪鍣ㄥ叿鐨勬敼閫�(j矛n)銆佺櫦(f膩)鏄庡拰浣跨敤锛岄€欎簺鏀归€�(j矛n)銆佺櫦(f膩)鏄庡拰浣跨敤浣跨瀛�(xu茅)鐧�(f膩)灞曠殑鑼冨湇鐒℃墍涓嶅強銆�”
閭忚集绲勫悎锛�

鐢变簬瀹氳獮寰炲彞that expanded the reach of science in innumerable directions杓冮暦锛屽彲浠ュ柈鐛ㄦ垚鍙�锛涘悓鏅�锛屽厛琛岃the improvement and invention and use of a series of instruments鏄畾瑾炲緸鍙ョ殑涓昏獮锛堢敱that浠ｆ浛锛夛紝缈昏鏅傞噸寰�(f霉)鍏堣瑭�銆�

渚嬩簩锛�

72. How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted. 锛�1995-72锛�

閫欎簺闋�(y霉)娓湪澶氬ぇ绋嬪害涓婄偤鍚庝締鐨勮〃鐝�(xi脿n)鎵€璀夊锛岄€欏彇姹轰簬鎵€鐢ㄤ俊鎭殑鏁�(sh霉)閲�銆佸彲闈犳€у拰閬╁疁鎬�锛屼互鍙婅В閲嬮€欎簺淇℃伅鐨勬妧鑳藉拰鎵嶆櫤銆�

閭忚集绲勫悎锛�

涓昏獮杓冮暦锛屽彲浠ュ湪涓昏瑐鐩告帴涔嬭檿鏂峰彞銆傚彞鏈殑瀹氳獮寰炲彞鍓嶇疆锛屼慨椋惧厛琛岃the skill and wisdom銆�

渚嬩笁锛�

62. Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.

绀炬渻绉戝(xu茅)鏄煡璀樻帰绱㈢殑涓€鍊嬪垎鏀�锛屽畠鍔涘湒鍍忚嚜鐒剁瀛�(xu茅)瀹剁爺绌惰嚜鐒剁従(xi脿n)璞￠偅妯ｏ紝鐢ㄧ悊鎬х殑銆佹湁搴忕殑銆佺郴绲�(t菕ng)鐨勫拰鍐烽潨鐨勬柟寮忕爺绌朵汉椤炲強鍏惰鐐恒€�

閭忚集绲勫悎锛�

瀹氳獮寰炲彞which seeks to study humans and their endeavors…杓冮暦锛屽彲浠ヨ垏鍓嶉潰鐨勪富鍙ュ垎闁嬬炕璀紱in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner鍋氱媭瑾�锛屼慨椋緎tudy锛岀炕璀檪鍙互鏀惧湪study鍓嶉潰锛涘畾瑾炲緸鍙hat natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena鍙互鍓嶇疆淇＞manner銆�

鐢辨鍙锛岃鍋氬ソ鑻辫婕㈤儴鍒�锛屽繀闋堝(xu茅)缈�(x铆)鐞嗚В鍘熸枃鑸囨饥瑾炶〃閬�(d谩)鍏╁€嬫柟闈�锛屼簩鑰呯己涓€涓嶅彲銆�