05骞寸殑鐮旂┒鐢熷叆瀛�(xu茅)鑰冭│鑻辫獮瑭﹀嵎涓�,闁辫畝鐞嗚В宸茬稉(j墨ng)鍗犲埌浜�60%鐨勯浜烘瘮渚�,鍙互閫欎箞瑾�,瑾版帉鎻′簡闁辫畝,瑾板氨鎺屾彙浜嗗ぉ涓�,閼掍簬姝�,鎴戞妸鎴戠殑鍊嬩汉绛嗚浠ュ钩瀵︾殑瀵硶鐧�(f膩)甯冨湪閫欓噷,鎴戠殑绛嗚涓昏渚嗘簮浜庝汉澶х増鐨�<鑻辫獮姝峰勾鐪熼瑙ｆ瀽鍙婂京(f霉)缈�(x铆)鎬濊矾>,鏄皪鍏堕€�(j矛n)琛岀殑绺界祼(ji茅)鍜屾绱�,鏄簿楂撲腑鐨勭簿楂�,甯屾湜鑳藉皪澶у鏈夋墍骞姪!


     涓€.鑰冪爺闁辫畝鐞嗚В鍛介骞叉摼闋呯殑鐗归粸(di菐n):

       1.鐪嬩技鍚堢悊,瀵﹀墖浠ュ亸姒傚叏,鏂风珷鍙栫京. 
     鎱ｇ敤鎵嬫硶:鍒╃敤鐢熸椿甯歌瓨绶ㄩ€犻伕闋�,鎶婃枃涓簨瀵︾窗(x矛)绡€(ji茅)鐣�(d膩ng)涓绘棬 鎳�(y墨ng)灏嶆柟娉�:寰炴枃涓壘渚濇摎(j霉),鎵剧瓟妗�,"鍚堢悊闋�"涓嶄竴瀹氬氨鏄纰洪伕闋� 

     2.鍋锋鎻涙煴,寮靛啝鏉庢埓. 
     鎱ｇ敤鎵嬫硶:灏嶅師鍙ョ窗(x矛)寰檿鍋氭敼鍕�,鎴彇鍘熸枃瑭炶獮鎴栫祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)閫�(j矛n)琛屾敼閫�,鍥犳灉鍊掔疆, 鎶夾鐨勮榛�(di菐n)瑾垚B鐨勮榛�(di菐n). 鎳�(y墨ng)灏嶆柟娉�:閬庝簬鐩镐技鐨勯伕闋呬笉涓€瀹氭纰�,"鍘熻瓒婂,灏嶇殑鍙兘鎬ц秺灏�". 

     3.鐢ㄥ父瑕�(gu墨)鍚京浠ｆ浛鍋忕敤瑭炵京. 
     鎱ｇ敤鎵嬫硶:鐢ㄥ父瑕�(gu墨)瑭炵京楹荤椆鑰冪敓.銆傛噳(y墨ng)灏嶆柟娉�:鎺屾彙鐔熻鐢熺京,骞舵牴鎿�(j霉)涓婁笅鏂囨帹娓叾鍦ㄧ壒瀹氳獮澧冧笅鐨勫惈缇� 

     4.閬庡害寮曠敵. 
     鎱ｇ敤鎵嬫硶:鍌欓伕闋呴洊鏄敱鏂囩珷鎺ㄥ嚭,浣嗘槸鍗昏秴鍑烘枃绔犺寖鍦� 鎳�(y墨ng)灏嶆柟娉�:鍒囧嬁閬庡害鐧�(f膩)鎻�,涓€鍒囦互鍘熸枃鐐烘湰. 



     浜�.鍚勯椤屽瀷鐨勭壒榛�(di菐n)鍙婅В绛旀妧宸�

     (涓€)涓绘棬椤�

     1.鏂囩珷涓绘棬绲﹀嚭鐨勫洓绋舰寮�:鏂囬,鏂囦腑,鏂囧熬,娌掓湁鏄庣⒑涓绘棬,闇€绺界祼(ji茅). 

     2.涓绘棬椤岀殑瑙ｉ鎶€宸� 
     *涓嶇瀹冨嚭鐝�(xi脿n)鍦ㄦ枃绔犵殑浠€涔堜綅缃�,閮戒綔鐐烘渶鍚庝竴閬撻鍘诲仛,鍥犵偤鍋氬畬鍏朵粬椤屼互鍚庢渻灏嶄富鏃ㄧ殑鐞嗚В鏈夊公鍔� 
     *钁楅噸鐞嗚В棣栨湯娈�,棣栨湯鍙� 
     *涓绘棬鍦ㄦ枃绔犱腑闁撶殑鎯呮硜(闈炴枃棣栨枃灏�),閬囧埌鏂囩珷鍓嶅悗娈垫剰鎬濊綁(zhu菐n)鎶�,鎻愰珮璀︽儠 

     3.涓绘棬椤岀殑娉ㄦ剰浜嬮爡: 
     *娈佃惤涓嚭鐝�(xi脿n)杞�(zhu菐n)鎶樻檪,瑭插彞寰堝彲鑳芥槸涓婚鍙� 
     *浣滆€呮湁鎰忚瓨鐨勫弽寰�(f霉)閲嶅京(f霉)鐨勮榛�(di菐n)閫氬父鏄富鏃� 
     *棣栨鍑虹従(xi脿n)鐤戝晱鍙ユ檪,灏嶈┎鍟忛鐨勮В绛斿氨鏄枃绔犱富鏃� 
     *鎻愬嚭鏂囩珷涓绘棬鏅傚父浼存湁鐨勬枃瀛楁彁绀�:therefore,thus,but,however,in short绛夌瓑 

     4.閬搁爡鐗归粸(di菐n): 
     姝ｇ⒑閬搁爡鐗归粸(di菐n):涓嶅嚭鐝�(xi脿n)绱�(x矛)绡€(ji茅)淇℃伅;涓嶅惈閬庡垎鑲畾鎴栫禃灏嶆剰缇╃殑瑭炲共鎿鹃爡鐗归粸(di菐n):绱�(x矛)绡€(ji茅)淇℃伅鏄庨’;閬庝簬绫犵当(t菕ng)

     (浜�)浣滆€呰榛�(di菐n)鍜屾厠(t脿i)搴﹂ 

     1.浣滆€呮厠(t脿i)搴﹂鐨勮В椤屾妧宸� 
     *浣滆€呭皪鏌愪竴浜嬬墿鐨勭湅娉�,瑕佷箞鏀寔,瑕佷箞鍙嶅皪,甯朵腑绔嬭壊褰╃殑瑭炴渶涓嶅彲鑳芥槸姝ｇ⒑绛旀 
     *婕犱笉闂�(gu膩n)蹇冮瑭炶獮涓€瀹氫笉灏�,鏃㈢劧瀵枃绔犲氨涓嶆渻涓嶉棞(gu膩n)蹇� 
     *涓嶈鎶婅嚜宸辩殑鎱�(t脿i)搴︽弶鍏ュ叾涓�,涔熻鍗€(q奴)鍒嗛枊浣滆€呯殑鎱�(t脿i)搴﹀拰浣滆€呭紩鐢ㄧ殑鍒ヤ汉鐨勬厠(t脿i)搴� 
     *鐣�(d膩ng)浣滆€呯殑鎱�(t脿i)搴︽矑鏈夋槑纰烘彁鍑烘檪,瑕佸(xu茅)鏈冩牴鎿�(j霉)浣滆€呬娇鐢ㄨ瑾炵殑瑜掕捕鎬у幓鍒ゆ柗浣滆€呯殑鎱�(t脿i)搴� 
     *浣滆€呰榛�(di菐n)涓€鑸垏鏂囩珷涓绘棬鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鑱�(li谩n) 

     [娉╙鏂拌定鍕�: 
     *涓嶅儏灞€闄愪簬浣滆€呯殑鎱�(t脿i)搴�,鑰岀櫦(f膩)灞曞埌鍟忔枃涓煇浜哄皪鏌愪簨鐗╃殑鎱�(t脿i)搴� 
     *閬搁爡鍙兘涓嶅啀鏄厠(t脿i)搴︽槑纰虹殑鑲畾鎴栧惁瀹氱殑瑭炶獮,鑰屾敼鐐哄付鏈夌▼搴﹂檺鍒剁殑瑭� 
     *涓€鑸付鏈夌禃灏嶅寲鎴栭亷浜庡挤(qi谩ng)鐑堢殑琛ㄧず蹇呴尟,濡�:strong,complete,entire,enthusiastic绛� 
     *鎸佹湁淇濈暀鎱�(t脿i)搴︾殑姣旇純瀹㈣,甯稿父鏄纰洪伕闋�,濡�:reserved,qualified,tempered,guarded,consent绛�

     (涓�)瑭炵京/鍙ョ京椤� 

     1.灏嶈缇╄€冨療鐨勫叐绋柟寮�:瓒呯侗瑭炵京鍚京鎺ㄦ柗;鐔熻鐢熺京鎴栨槸鍦ㄧ壒瀹氬牬鍚堢殑鎰忔€� 

     2.瑭炵京椤岀殑瑙ｉ鎶€宸�: 
     *鏍规摎(j霉)涓婁笅鏂囬€�(j矛n)琛屾帹鐞嗙寽娓�,鍏╁€嬪師鍓� 
     <1>涓嶇閫欏€嬭澶氳秴缍�,鏍规摎(j霉)涓婁笅鏂囬兘鑳藉緱鍑哄叾鎰忔€� 
     <2>涓嶇閫欏€嬭澶氱啛鎮�,閮借閫氶亷涓婁笅鏂囧緱鍑哄叾鍦ㄧ壒瀹氬牬鍚堢殑鎰忔€� 
     *姝ｇ⒑閬搁爡涓嶆槸鐔熻鐨勫父瑕�(gu墨)鍚京 

     3.鐚滄脯瑭炵京鐨勬柟娉�: 
     *妲�(g貌u)瑭炴硶:鏍规摎(j霉)瑭炴牴,瑭炵洞鍒ゆ柗瑭炵京 
     *瑭炴€у姞鎼厤:鍏堝垽鏂风敓瑭炲湪鏂囩珷涓殑瑭炴€�,鍐嶇湅瀹冭垏鍝簺瑭炶獮鍙互鎼厤,鏈€鍚庢牴鎿�(j霉)鑷繁鐨勫父璀樻帹娓� 
     *鎵惧悓缇╄,鍚岀京瑙ｉ噵,鍙嶇京瑭�,鍙嶇京瑙ｉ噵:鍦ㄤ笂涓嬫枃涓壘鍑虹敓瑭炵殑鍏朵粬琛ㄧず鏂规硶,鐢辨鎺ㄦ柗鍏跺惈缇� 
     *鎵惧悓浣嶈:涓婁笅鏂囦腑鏈夊彲鑳芥湁椤炰技鐢熻鍑虹従(xi脿n)鐨勫彞瀛愮殑骞宠绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u),鎵惧嚭鍏朵腑鍜岀敓瑭炶檿浜庡悓涓€浣嶇疆鐨勮鍘绘帹娓� 

     4.鍙ョ京椤岀殑瑙ｉ鎶€宸� 
     *姝ｇ⒑閬搁爡涓嶅惈鏈夋剰缇╅亷浜庣禃灏嶅寲鐨勮瑾�,鑰屾槸浣跨敤涓嶈偗瀹氳獮姘ｆ垨鎰忕京瑙ｉ噵娣卞埢 
     *鍚師鏂囪鎴栫煭瑾炶秺澶�,灏辫秺涓嶅彲鑳芥槸姝ｇ⒑閬搁爡

     (鍥�)鎺ㄧ悊寮曠敵椤� 
     1.鎺ㄧ悊寮曠敵椤岀殑閬搁爡鐗归粸(di菐n)鑸囩瓟椤屾妧宸� 

     骞叉摼闋呯殑鐗归粸(di菐n) 
     *鍙槸鍘熸枃鐨勭啊鍠京(f霉)杩�,鑰岄潪鎺ㄦ柗鍑轰締鐨勭祼(ji茅)璜�,鎶婄洿鎺ヨ〃閬�(d谩)鐣�(d膩ng)浣滈枔鎺ユ帹鐞� 
     *鐪嬩技寰炲師鏂囨帹鏂峰嚭渚嗙殑绲�(ji茅)璜�,鐒惰€屽闅涗笂鑸囧師鏂囦笉绗�,濡傚洜鏋滃€掔疆,鎵嬫璁婄洰鐨勭瓑 
     *鏍规摎(j霉)鑰冪敓宸叉湁鐨勫父璀樻槸姝ｇ⒑鐨�,浣嗘槸鍗讳笉鏄熀浜庢枃绔�,涓€鍒囦互鏂囩珷鐐烘簴(zh菙n) 
     *鎺ㄧ悊閬庨牠,寮曠敵閬庢浮 

     姝ｇ⒑閬搁爡鐨勭壒榛�(di菐n) 
     *涓嶆槸鏂囦腑鏄庣⒑瑾槑鐨勫収(n猫i)瀹�,娌掓湁寮曠敵鎺ㄧ悊灏变笉鏄纰洪伕闋� 
     *姝ｇ⒑閬搁爡澶у鍚京娣卞埢,涓嶆槸甯歌瓨閬搁爡 

     [娉ㄦ剰] 
     *娉ㄦ剰閭ｄ簺浼间箮瑭变腑鏈夎┍鐨勭殑闁撴帴琛ㄩ仈(d谩)鍙�,瀹冨€戝線寰€閲囩敤瑾崐鍙�,鎵撴瘮鍠�,鍙嶈憲瑾殑鏂瑰紡,璁撹€冪敓鏈夋帹鐞嗙殑浣欏湴 
     *娉ㄦ剰鍚京娣卞埢鎴栫祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)寰�(f霉)闆滅殑鍙ュ瓙.鑰冪敓灏嶄綔鑰呰〃閬�(d谩)鐨勬剰鎬濊兘涓嶈兘涓€涓嬪瓙鐪嬮€�,涔熸槸鍛介榛�(di菐n)鎵€鍦�

     (浜�)浜嬪绱�(x矛)绡€(ji茅)椤� 

     1.浜嬪绱�(x矛)绡€(ji茅)椤岀殑閬搁爡鐗归粸(di菐n) 

     姝ｇ⒑閬搁爡鐗归粸(di菐n) 
     *涓€鑸彲浠ュ湪鏂囩珷涓洿鎺ユ垨闁撴帴鎵惧埌绛旀,浣嗘槸涓嶅彲鑳借垏闁辫畝鏉愭枡涓€妯′竴妯�,鑰屾槸鐢ㄤ笉鍚岀殑瑭炶獮鎴栧彞鍨嬭〃閬�(d谩)鐩稿悓鐨勬剰鎬� 銆傞骞�+姝ｇ⒑閬搁爡鐨勪俊鎭€肩瓑浜庢垨鑰呯磩绛変簬鍘熸枃涓煇鍙ョ殑淇℃伅鍊� 
     *楂旂従(xi脿n)涓績鎬濇兂,涓€绡囪€冪爺瑭﹂鐨勭窗(x矛)绡€(ji茅)鑸囦富鏃ㄧ洿鎺ラ棞(gu膩n)鑱�(li谩n) 

     骞叉摼閬搁爡鐨勭壒榛�(di菐n) 
     *閮ㄥ垎姝ｇ⒑,閮ㄥ垎閷 
     *鏄師鏂囦俊鎭�,浣嗘槸涓嶆槸椤岀洰瑕佹眰鐨勫収(n猫i)瀹� 
     *绗﹀悎甯歌瓨,浣嗕笉鏄枃绔犲収(n猫i)瀹� 
     *鑸囧師鍙ョ殑鍏�(n猫i)瀹规サ鐐虹浉浼�,鍙槸鍦ㄧ▼搴︿笂鏈変簺璁婂嫊 

     2.浜嬪绱�(x矛)绡€(ji茅)椤岀殑瑙ｉ鎶€宸� 
     *涓绘棬鑸囩窗(x矛)绡€(ji茅)鏄浉杓旂浉鎴愮殑,纰哄畾浜嗕富椤�,鎵嶈兘娣卞埢鐞嗚В鏉愭枡鐨勪綔鐢�.鍚屾ǎ,灏嶅叿楂旂窗(x矛)绡€(ji茅)鏈夎純鐐哄叏闈㈢殑鐞嗚В,灏辫兘鏇村ソ鐨勫垽鏄庝富椤� 
     *鏂囩珷鐨勪簨瀵︾窗(x矛)绡€(ji茅)鍏�(n猫i)瀹逛笉鏈冨绔嬬殑鍑虹従(xi脿n),瀹冭垏鍓嶅悗鐨勫収(n猫i)瀹瑰瘑鍒囩浉闂�(gu膩n),鑰冪敓瑕佸杽浜庡埄鐢ㄥ洜鏋�,椤炴瘮,鏅傞枔,绌洪枔鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯诲皣闆剁鐨勭窗(x矛)绡€(ji茅)绲勬垚涓€鍊嬫湁姗�(j墨)鏁撮珨 
     *鐪嬬窗(x矛)绡€(ji茅)鍏�(n猫i)瀹硅"璺冲嚭渚�"鐪�,鍗宠灏嶆枃绔犵殑绲勭箶绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鏈夊緢娓呮鐨勮獚(r猫n)璀�,鐒跺悗鍒ゆ柗閫欏€嬬窗(x矛)绡€(ji茅)鐐轰粈涔堜富椤屾湇鍕�(w霉) 
     *鍫呮焙閬靛惊"鏈湰涓荤京",鏂囩珷閲屾湁浠€涔堝氨鐢ㄤ粈涔�,涓嶅彲鎲戞劅瑕虹櫦(f膩)鎻仛椤�