銆€銆€鏅�(sh铆)闁撶媭瑾�(y菙)寰炲彞闆ｅ害涓瓑锛屽嚭椤岄牷鐜囧嵒寰堥珮銆傞€氬父鐢眀efore锛寃hen锛寃hile锛寀ntil绛夐€ｈ寮曞皫(d菐o)銆�

銆€銆€1. The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be.锛�2004—缈昏-61锛�

銆€銆€鑰冮粸(di菐n)锛�

銆€銆€Greek甯岃嚇浜猴紙寰炲垵涓埌鐝�(xi脿n)鍦�锛屼互G闁�(k膩i)闋殑闇€瑕佹帉鎻＄殑鍦�(gu贸)瀹跺悕灏卞叐鍊�(g猫)锛屼竴鍊�(g猫)Germany锛屼竴鍊�(g猫)Greece锛屽笇鏈涘ぇ瀹堕兘鑳芥敞鎰�銆傦級

銆€銆€assumed 鍋囧畾锛涜獚(r猫n)鐐�锛涗互鐐�

銆€銆€the process of thought鎬濇兂鐨勯亷(gu貌)绋嬶紱鎬濈董閬�(gu貌)绋嬶紙娉ㄦ剰锛欰 of B鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)缈昏鐐築鐨凙锛�

銆€銆€took root in鐢熸牴锛涘湪…鎵庝笅浜嗘牴

銆€銆€long before 鏃╁湪…涔嬪墠锛�“鍦�…涔嬪墠鏃╁氨…”

銆€銆€diverse “璞愬瘜锛涘樊鐣版€�锛涘妯ｆ€�锛涘崈宸惉(w脿n)鍒�”

銆€銆€鍒嗘瀽锛�閫欏€�(g猫)鍙ュ瓙鐨勯洠搴︾礆(j铆)鍒ラ潪甯搁珮锛屽彧鏈夊皯鏁�(sh霉)瀛�(xu茅)鐢熻兘鎶婂畠缈昏灏�(du矛)銆傚洜?y脿n)姒弗鍜廦(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)姣旇純寰�(f霉)闆�锛屾槸涓诲彞+寰炲彞+寰炲彞+寰炲彞鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆傚彞瀛愮殑涓诲彞鏄妰绶氶儴鍒�锛寃hich寮曞皫(d菐o)涓€鍊�(g猫)闈為檺鍒舵€у畾瑾�(y菙)寰炲彞锛屽厛琛岃鐐烘暣鍊�(g猫)鍙ュ瓙锛屾墍浠ョ炕璀檪(sh铆)瑕佹妸閫欏€�(g猫)which缈昏鐐�“閫欑ó鐪嬫硶”锛岄櫎姝や箣澶栵紝閫欏€�(g猫)鍙ュ瓙閭勮娉ㄦ剰long before鐨勭炕璀�“鏃╁湪….涔嬪墠”锛屾檪(sh铆)闁撶媭瑾�(y菙)涓€鑸炕璀埌涓诲彞鐨勬渶鍓嶉潰锛屾渶鍚庨渶瑕佹敞鎰忕殑鏄痟ow寮曞皫(d菐o)涓€鍊�(g猫)璩撹獮(y菙)寰炲彞锛岃硴瑾�(y菙)寰炲彞鐨勬剰鎬濇槸“瑾�(y菙)瑷€鏄涔堢殑璞愬瘜”銆�

銆€銆€缈昏锛�甯岃嚇浜鸿獚(r猫n)鐐鸿獮(y菙)瑷€绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍚屾€濈董閬�(gu貌)绋嬩箣闁撳瓨鍦ㄨ憲鏌愮ó闂�(gu膩n)绯�銆傛棭鍦ㄤ汉鍊戣獚(r猫n)璀�(sh铆)鍒板悇绋獮(y菙)瑷€鐨勫崈宸惉(w脿n)鍒ヤ箣鍓�锛岄€欑ó鐪嬫硶灏卞凡缍�(j墨ng)鎵庢牴浜庢瓙娲�銆�

銆€銆€闆ｉ粸(di菐n)绺界祼(ji茅)锛�Which鐨勬寚浠�锛孊efore long鍜宭ong before 鐨勫崁(q奴)鍒ュ拰缈昏锛屾暣鍊�(g猫)鍙ュ瓙绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勫垎鏋�銆�

銆€銆€2. On a rainy day I was driving north through Vermont __5__ I noticed a young man holding up a sign reading “Boston”.(2000-)

銆€銆€[A] which

銆€銆€[B] where

銆€銆€[C] when

銆€銆€[D] that

銆€銆€瑙ｆ瀽锛�棣栧厛鎴戝€戣寮�(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)涓€涓嬪仛椤屾柟娉曪紝鍏堢湅閫欏€�(g猫)鍙ュ瓙涓诲彞鍜屽緸鍙ョ己涓嶇己鎴愬垎锛屼富鍙ュ拰寰炲彞閮戒笉缂烘垚鍒�锛屾墍浠�锛屾垜鍊戞帓闄hich鍜宼hat閫欏叐鍊�(g猫)閫ｈ锛岋紙鍥�?y脿n)闁ich寮曞皫(d菐o)瀹氳獮(y菙)寰炲彞锛屼富瑾�(y菙)寰炲彞鍜岃硴瑾�(y菙)寰炲彞锛屽湪鍙ュ瓙涓鎵挎摂(d膩n)鎴愬垎锛宼hat鍦ㄥ畾浜庡緸鍙ヤ腑涔熻鍋氭垚鍒�锛屽紩灏�(d菐o)璩撹獮(y菙)寰炲彞鍜岃〃瑾�(y菙)鏅�(sh铆)锛屽墠闈㈠繀闋堟槸鍕�(d貌ng)瑭�銆傦級鎵€浠ュ緸鍙ヨ鍦˙,C閲岄伕鎿�锛屾牴鎿�(j霉)鍙ユ剰锛屾垜鍊戝緢瀹规槗灏遍伕鍑烘槸C.

銆€銆€缈昏锛�鍦ㄤ竴鍊�(g猫)涓嬮洦澶�锛屾垜闁�(k膩i)杌婄稉(j墨ng)閬�(gu貌)鍖椾經钂欑壒鏅�(sh铆)锛岀湅鍒颁竴鍊�(g猫)骞磋紩浜烘嬁钁楃墝瀛愬钁�“娉㈠＋闋�”銆�

銆€銆€3. People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery. They worked until exhausted, lived with few protections and died young. (2006-4-5)

銆€銆€鑰冮粸(di菐n)锛�

銆€銆€reminder浠や汉鍥炴喍鐨勬澅瑗�锛涢€氱煡鍠�

銆€銆€misery鐥涜嫤锛涚棝鑻︾殑浜�

銆€銆€exhausted鑰楃洝鐨�,鐢ㄥ畬鐨�

銆€銆€瑙ｆ瀽锛�until鐢ㄤ簬鑲畾鍙ヤ腑鏅�(sh铆)锛寀ntil鍓嶇殑涓诲彞璎傝獮(y菙)蹇呴爤鏄欢绾�(x霉)鐨勶紝鑰寀ntil鍚庣殑寰炲彞璎傝獮(y菙)蹇呴爤鏄煭鏆嫊(d貌ng)瑭炴垨鑰呮槸鎺ユ檪(sh铆)闁撻粸(di菐n)銆傞€欏€�(g猫)鍙ュ瓙涓瓀ork鏄欢绾�(x霉)鐨�锛宔xhaust鏄煭鏆殑銆�

銆€銆€缈昏锛�鏃╂湡鐨勪汉鍊戣涓嶅垢鐨勬殫绀哄寘鍦�锛屼粬鍊戠殑宸ヤ綔鍒扮瓔鐤插姏鐩★紝鍦ㄥ咕涔庣劇(w煤)淇濊(h霉)鐨勭媭鎱�(t脿i)涓嬬敓娲�锛屽苟涓斿緢骞磋紩灏卞き鎶樹簡銆�