銆€銆€钀(xu茅)娴锋枃鏁欑爺涓績鑻辫獮鏁欑爺瀹ら嚌灏嶈繎骞惧勾鑰冪爺鑻辫獮澶х侗鐨勪慨瑷傝定鍕㈠拰鍛介瑕�(gu墨)寰嬶紝鍋氬嚭2011骞�鑰冪爺鑻辫獮锛堜竴锛夊ぇ缍辩殑璁婂寲鍒嗘瀽锛屽叿楂斿涓嬶細

銆€銆€涓€銆�2011骞磋€冪爺澶х侗鐨勪慨瑷傝定鍕�

銆€銆€浠婂勾鑻辫獮鑰冪爺澶х侗鎳�(y墨ng)瑭叉矑鏈夊(sh铆)璩�(zh矛)鎬ц畩鍖�銆備竴鑸€岃█锛屽ぇ缍�5骞翠竴澶ц畩锛岃€屽幓骞村凡缍�(j墨ng)缍�(j墨ng)姝蜂簡5骞翠締鐨勪竴娆″ぇ璁婂寲銆傛瘮濡�锛岃垏2009骞寸殑澶х侗鐩告瘮锛�2010骞村叏鍦嬬ⅸ澹爺绌剁敓鍏ュ(xu茅)绲�(t菕ng)涓€鑰冭│銆婅嫳瑾炶€冭│澶х侗銆嬫渶椤憲鐨勮畩鍖栨槸灏囪€冪爺鑻辫獮鍒嗙偤鑰冪爺鑻辫獮锛堜竴锛夊拰鑰冪爺鑻辫獮锛堜簩锛�?锛熶匠鏉忊拕Z锛堜竴锛夊湪寰€骞磋€冪侗鐨勫熀绀�(ch菙)涓�锛屽浣滈儴鍒嗗姞鍏ヤ簡渚濇摎(j霉)涓枃瀵嚭鑻辫獮鎽樿鐨勫浣滃倷鑰冮鍨�锛岄€欏湪涓€瀹氱▼搴︿笂锛岄珨鐝�(xi脿n)浜嗗湅瀹剁爺绌剁敓鍏ュ(xu茅)鑰冭│涓嫳瑾炵鐩€冭│瑭﹂鍛藉埗鐨勬垚鐔熸€�銆傞洊鐒惰€冪爺鑻辫獮锛堜簩锛夋槸鏂板鍏�(n猫i)瀹�锛屼絾鑰冪爺鑻辫獮锛堜簩锛夌殑绺介珨鍏�(n猫i)瀹逛篃骞朵笉鏄嚭涔庢剰鏂欐垨璁撹€冪敓鐒″緸涓嬫墜锛屽畠寰炰互涓嬪咕鍊嬫柟闈粛鐒跺拰鑰冪爺鑻辫獮锛堜竴锛変繚鎸佷簡鍏辨€э細灏辫獮瑷€鐭ヨ瓨鑰岃█锛屽ぇ缍卞悓妯ｅ挤(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)鑰冪敓鎳�(y墨ng)瑭茶兘澶犵啛绶村湴鎺屾彙鍜岄亱(y霉n)鐢ㄨ獮娉曠煡璀樺拰5500鍊嬪ぇ缍辫鍖�銆傚氨瑾炶█鎶€鑳借€岃█锛屽ぇ缍变篃绐佸嚭闁辫畝鍜屽浣滅殑閲嶈鎬�锛岄棞(gu膩n)浜庨柋璁€锛屽挤(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)“鑰冪敓鎳�(y墨ng)鑳借畝鎳傞伕鑷悇椤炴浉绫嶅拰鍫卞垔鐨勪笉鍚岄鍨嬬殑鏂囧瓧鏉愭枡(鐢熻閲忎笉瓒呴亷鎵€璁€鏉愭枡绺借鍖噺鐨�3%)”锛涢棞(gu膩n)浜庡浣�锛屽墖寮�(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)鑰冪敓“鎳�(y墨ng)鑳藉涓嶅悓椤炲瀷鐨勬噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄦ枃锛屽寘鎷浜哄拰鍏嫏(w霉)淇″嚱銆佸倷蹇橀寗銆佹憳瑕�銆佸牨鍛婄瓑锛屼互鍙婁竴鑸弿杩版€�銆佹晿杩版€с€佽鏄庢€ф垨璀拌珫鎬х殑鏂囩珷(瀵�(sh铆)闅涘氨鏄噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄦ枃鍜屽湒鐣綔鏂�)”銆傜附鐨勪締瑾�锛屼笉璜栨槸鑻辫獮锛堜竴锛夐倓鏄嫳瑾烇紙浜岋級锛屼笂杩拌獮瑷€鐭ヨ瓨鍜岃獮瑷€鎶€鑳介兘鏄爺绌剁敓鍏ュ(xu茅)鑻辫獮鑰冭│鐨勪富瑕佹脯瑭曠洰妯�(bi膩o)銆傝€岃嫳瑾烇紙浜岋級鍜岃嫳瑾烇紙涓€锛夌殑鍗€(q奴)鍒ヤ富瑕侀珨鐝�(xi脿n)鍦細鑻辫獮锛堜簩锛夌殑绺介珨闆ｅ害浣庝簬鑻辫獮锛堜竴锛�锛涜嫳瑾烇紙浜岋級鐨勭炕璀│椤�銆佹柊椤屽瀷瑭﹂銆佸浣滆│椤岀暐涓嶅悓浜庤嫳瑾烇紙涓€锛夌殑鑰冩煡闆ｅ害鍜屽嚭椤屽舰寮�銆�2011骞村ぇ缍辨噳(y墨ng)瑭叉渻淇濇寔閫欎竴鎸佺簩(x霉)鎬ц垏绌�(w臎n)瀹氭€�銆傞憭浜�2010骞存槸鎺ㄥ嚭鑻辫獮澶х侗锛堜簩锛夌殑绗竴骞�锛岃€屼笖鏁欒偛閮ㄤ篃寮�(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)绻肩簩(x霉)鍔犲挤(qi谩ng)灏嶅皥妤�(y猫)鎬х爺绌剁敓鍜屽(xu茅)浣嶆€х爺绌剁敓鐨勫崁(q奴)鍒�锛屾墍浠�2011骞撮倓鏄渻绉夋壙鍏╁澶х侗鐨勫嚭鐖愶紝鍦ㄨ€冩煡鑼冪枃鍜岃€冩煡瑕佹眰涓婁繚鎸佺┅(w臎n)瀹氭€х殑鑰冪爺锛堜竴锛変笉鏈冩湁鏍规湰鐨�銆佸竟搴曠殑銆佸(sh铆)璩�(zh矛)鎬х殑鏀硅畩锛涜€岃嫳瑾炰篃鏈冪辜绾�(x霉)娌跨敤鍘诲勾鐨勮€冩煡妯″紡銆傛湁閼掍簬姝�锛屽悓瀛�(xu茅)鍊戝彲渚濈劧鍏堝弮鐓у線骞磋€冪侗鐨勬牳蹇冨収(n猫i)瀹癸紝鍚堢悊鏈夊簭鐨勫畨鎺掕嚜宸辩殑寰�(f霉)缈�(x铆)銆�

銆€銆€浜�銆佽繎骞惧勾鑰冪爺澶х侗鍚勯鍨嬭€冩煡鐨勬牳蹇冨収(n猫i)瀹瑰強灏嶇瓥

銆€銆€鎺ヤ笅渚嗛€氶亷鑰冪侗灏嶅悇椤屽瀷鑰冩煡鐨勬牳蹇冨収(n猫i)瀹圭殑鍒嗘瀽骞姪鑰冪敓鎵惧埌鏈夐嚌灏嶆€х殑寰�(f霉)缈�(x铆)鏂规硶銆�

銆€銆€瀹屽瀷濉┖——

銆€銆€瀹屽瀷濉┖鏄悇椤炶嫳瑾炶€冭│锛堝寘鎷洓銆佸叚绱氾級涓兘鏈冭€冩煡鍒扮殑椤屽瀷锛屼富瑕佹脯瑭﹁€冪敓绲�(ji茅)鍚堜笂涓嬫枃鐨勭稖鍚堢悊瑙ｈ兘鍔涘拰瑾炶█閬�(y霉n)鐢ㄨ兘鍔涳紝鍗冲湪闁辫畝鐞嗚В鐨勫熀绀�(ch菙)涓婂皪绡囩珷绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛岃獮娉曞拰瑭炲尟鐭ヨ瓨鐨勯亱(y霉n)鐢ㄨ兘鍔涚殑鑰冩煡锛岄€欐槸灏嶅畬鍨嬪～绌虹殑瀹氫綅銆傝繎骞翠締鐨勫ぇ缍辨槑纰烘寚鍑哄皪瀹屽瀷濉┖鑰冩牳鐨勯噸榛�(di菐n)锛氳缇╄鲸鏋愩€佽瑾炴惌閰嶃€佽獮娉曠祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜岀瘒绔犵祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍥涘ぇ椤為鍨�銆傞€欑ó鎻愭硶閲濆皪鎬ф洿寮�(qi谩ng)?锛熷繉顚庤摦鑷峷骞�鐪熼涓寜鐓ф彁绀虹殑鍥涢椤屽瀷鍘绘簴(zh菙n)鍌欏拰寰�(f霉)缈�(x铆)鏈夐棞(gu膩n)鑰冪爺瀹屽瀷濉┖鏂归潰鐨勭煡璀橀粸(di菐n)锛屽皣鑷繁鍦ㄨ鍖�銆佽獮娉曘€侀柋璁€鐞嗚В涓夋柟闈㈢殑缍�(j墨ng)椹�(y脿n)绲�(ji茅)鍚堝湪涓€璧�锛岄€欐ǎ鍙互鍋氬埌浜嬪崐鍔熷€嶇殑鏁堟灉锛屾彁楂樼瓟椤岀殑姝ｇ⒑鐜�銆�

銆€銆€鍚屾檪鑰冩叜鍒板畬鍨嬪～绌哄湪姝峰勾鑰冪爺涓緱鍒嗚純浣庯紝澶х侗鏄庣⒑浜嗚€冪敓瑙ｇ瓟瀹屽瀷濉┖椤岀殑鎬濊矾锛屽皪浜庤€冪敓鍌欒€冨拰瑙ｉ閮芥洿鍏烽嚌灏嶆€�銆傚嵆锛�“寰炰笂涓嬫枃鐨勮搴︿締鑰冩叜”鍜�“閬�(y霉n)鐢ㄩ倧杓帹鐞�”锛岄€欏叐榛�(di菐n)閮借姹傝€冪敓澶у埌灏嶆枃绔犳暣楂旂殑鎶婃彙锛屽皬鍒板皪鍙ュ瓙涔嬮枔鍜屽彞瀛愬収(n猫i)閮ㄦ妸鎻�锛屽崁(q奴)鍒ュ湪浜庡墠鑰呭挤(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)鐨勬槸鏂囩珷鍏�(n猫i)瀹圭殑涓€鑷�锛屽悗鑰呭挤(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)鐨勬槸鏂囩珷閭忚集鐨勪竴鑷�锛�“寰炴叄鐢ㄦ硶鍜屾惌閰嶇殑瑙掑害渚嗚€冩叜鍟忛”锛岄€欓粸(di菐n)瑕佹眰鑰冪敓灏嶆叄鐢ㄦ硶鍜屾惌閰嶈鏈夋洿澶氱⿳绱�銆�

銆€銆€闁辫畝鐞嗚В——

銆€銆€灏遍柋璁€鐞嗚В锛圥art A锛夎€岃█锛岀敱浜庨€欐槸涓€鍊嬪ぇ瀹堕潪甯哥啛鎮夌殑椤屽瀷锛屼篃閫ｈ憲鑰冧簡10骞惧勾锛屽洜姝ゆ瘡娆¤€冭│鏈€绌�(w臎n)瀹氱殑灏辨槸鍥涢伕涓€鐨勯柋璁€鐞嗚В椤�銆傝繎浜涘勾渚嗚€冪爺鑻辫獮澶х侗涓皪浜庨柋璁€鐞嗚В閮ㄥ垎鐨勬晿杩板熀鏈矑鏈変粈涔堣畩鍖栥€傚叾涓昏娓│瑕侀粸(di菐n)鍖呮嫭 “鐞嗚В涓绘棬瑕佺京銆佸叿楂斾俊鎭�銆佹蹇垫€у惈缇�锛岄€�(j矛n)琛屾湁闂�(gu膩n)鐨勫垽鏂枫€佹帹鐞嗗拰寮曠敵锛屾牴鎿�(j霉)涓婁笅鏂囨帹娓敓瑭炵殑瑭炵京绛�”銆� 閫氶亷閫欎笁鍙ヨ┍鐨勮〃杩版垜鍊戝彲浠ョ湅鍒拌€冪爺鑻辫獮浠嶇劧閲嶈鏂囩珷鐨勬暣绡囩祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屼笂涓嬫枃閭忚集闂�(gu膩n)绯�锛岄噸瑕栧皪鏂囩珷鍏烽珨淇℃伅鍜屾鎷€�銆佷富鏃ㄦ€т俊鎭殑鐞嗚В鍜屾妸鎻°€傝┎閮ㄥ垎涓昏鑰冩煡鐨勯鍨嬫湁涓绘棬椤�銆佺窗(x矛)绡€(ji茅)椤屻€佽瓨瑭為銆佹帹鏂烽鍜岀祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)椤岀瓑銆傚氨鏂囩珷椤屾潗渚嗚锛岃繎骞惧勾瓒婁締瓒婇噸瑕栧皪浜烘枃绉戝(xu茅)鐨勮€冩煡锛屽钩鏅傝澶氭敞閲嶉柋璁€涓€浜涜嫳缇庣稉(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)鏂囧寲绉戞妧鏂归潰鐨勫牨鍒婃浉绫�锛屼緥濡俆he Economist (缍�(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)瀛�(xu茅)瀹�)锛孨ewsweek (鏂拌仦鍛ㄥ垔)锛孴imes (鏅備唬鍛ㄥ垔)浠ュ強The Times (娉版櫎澹牨)涓婇潰鐨勬枃绔犮€傚湪灏嬫壘鏉愭枡鏅�锛岃鏈夐伕鎿�锛屾瘮濡傝涓嶈娑夊強鏀挎不鏂归潰鍙婃檪浜嬫柟闈㈡瘮杓冩晱鎰熺殑瑭遍锛屽绋棌姝ц銆佸畻鏁欎俊浠�銆佹埌(zh脿n)鐖⿻璜栫瓑銆�

銆€銆€2010骞寸殑闁辫畝鐞嗚В鏂囩珷渚嗘簮锛岃€冭│澶х侗涔熷凡缍�(j墨ng)鏄庣⒑琛ㄦ厠(t脿i)锛屾枃绔犱締婧愪緷鑸婃槸鑻辫獮鍦嬪鍘熺増鍫卞垔鎴栨浉绫�锛岀禃澶у鏁�(sh霉)鏄⿻璜栨€х殑鏂囩珷锛堝嵆闄ゆ枃瀛�(xu茅)浣滃搧浠ュ鐨勫叾浠栭鍨嬬殑鐭枃锛�銆傞€欏氨闇€瑕佽€冪敓鍦ㄥ钩鏅傜反缈�(x铆)鐨勬檪鍊�?q奴)W鏈冩妸鎻″悇鍊嬮鍨嬬殑鑰冩煡閲嶉粸(di菐n)銆侀鐩壒寰佸拰鍑洪鎬濊矾绛夛紝鍦ㄥ钩鏅傞柋璁€涓敞鎰忛€欏€嬪晱椤�锛岃獚(r猫n)鐪熸彛鎽╅珨鏈�锛屾帉鎻¤В椤屾妧宸�锛屾彁楂橀柋璁€鐞嗚В閮ㄥ垎鐨勮В椤岃兘鍔�銆傚緸瑾炶█闆ｅ害渚嗙湅锛�2010骞寸殑闁辫畝鏂囩珷鐒¤珫寰炶鍖柟闈㈤倓鏄緸鍙ュ瓙鏂归潰鑸囧線骞寸殑闆ｅ害鏈夋墍鎻愰珮锛屽苟澶ч噺鑰冨療浜嗘帹鐞嗗拰鍒ゆ柗椤屼互鍙婄窗(x矛)绡€(ji茅)浜嬪(sh铆)椤岋紝鐢熻渚濈劧瀛樺湪锛屼絾鍏舵瘮渚嬩粛鐒剁董鎸佸湪3%宸﹀彸銆傞€欎竴椤屽瀷鍦ㄥ悇椤炶嫳瑾炶€冭│涓篃鏄竴鍊嬬浉灏嶇┅(w臎n)瀹氱殑椤屽瀷锛屽洜姝ゅ彲鎺ㄧ煡2011骞寸殑鑰冭│澶х侗鍦ㄩ€欐柟闈㈢殑璁婂寲涓嶆渻澶ぇ銆�

銆€銆€鏂伴鍨�——

銆€銆€瑭查鍨嬪緸2005骞撮枊濮嬪湪鑰冪爺鑻辫獮瑭﹂涓嚭鐝�(xi脿n)锛�05锛�06骞磋€冩煡鐨勬槸闆ｅ害鐩稿皪杓冨ぇ鐨勭涓€绋伕鎿囨惌閰嶉锛岃€�07骞村墖閬告搰浜嗛洠搴︾浉灏嶈純浣庣殑绗笁绋�——閬告搰灏忔(bi膩o)椤�锛�08, 09鍙堣€冨洖浜嗛伕鎿囨惌閰嶉锛�2010骞撮娆¤€冩煡浜嗘帓搴忛锛岀附楂旇€岃█鏂伴鍨嬭姹傝€冪敓寰炴暣楂斾笂鎶婃彙鏂囩珷鐨勯倧杓祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜屽収(n猫i)瀹逛笂鐨勮伅(li谩n)绯�锛岀悊瑙ｅ彞瀛愪箣闁�銆佹钀戒箣闁撶殑闂�(gu膩n)绯�锛屽皪璜稿閫ｈ搏鎬�銆佷竴鑷存€х瓑瑾炴鐗瑰緛鏈夎純寮�(qi谩ng)鐨勬剰璀樺拰鐔熺反鐨勬妸鎻�锛屽苟鍏峰倷閬�(y霉n)鐢ㄨ獮娉曠煡璀樺垎鏋愮悊瑙ｉ暦闆ｅ彞鐨勮兘鍔�?锛熸ⅱ鍝塮锛屾椤屽瀷鏄皪瑾炶█鑳藉姏鍜岄柋璁€鐞嗚В鑳藉姏鐨勭稖鍚堟脯瑭︼紝鍥犳鍦ㄨ姹備笂閬�(yu菐n)閬�(yu菐n)楂樹簬閫欏叐绋鍨�锛岃€冪敓鏈夊繀瑕佸皪閫欓椤屽瀷鐨勭瓟椤屾€濊矾澶氱反缈�(x铆)锛屼互鎻愰珮鑷繁鍦ㄩ€欏€嬮儴鍒嗙殑鎳�(y墨ng)瑭﹁兘鍔涖€�

銆€銆€缈昏——

銆€銆€閫欑ó椤屽瀷鑷�1991骞磋捣闁嬪鍦ㄨ€冪爺鑻辫獮瑭﹀嵎涓崹(d煤)绔嬪嚭鐝�(xi脿n)锛屽崄骞惧勾渚嗚€冨療褰㈠紡宸茬稉(j墨ng)瓒ㄤ簬绌�(w臎n)瀹�銆傚緸鍏�(n猫i)瀹逛締鐪嬶紝閫欑ó椤岀殑鏂囩珷閬告澶氫互鑷劧绉戝(xu茅)銆佺ぞ鏈冪瀛�(xu茅)銆佺瀛�(xu茅)鍫遍亾鎴栬⿻璜栫瓑鍏�(n猫i)瀹圭偤涓汇€傚苟涓斿収(n猫i)瀹规秹鍙婂埌鏈夐噸瑕佺従(xi脿n)瀵�(sh铆)鎰忕京鐨勯鏉�锛屽鐠�(hu谩n)澧冦€佽兘婧�銆佺鎶€鍓�(chu脿ng)鏂般€佹皯涓�銆佺敓鍛界瀛�(xu茅)銆佸畤瀹欐帰绱€€佷俊鎭妧琛�(sh霉)绛夋湁鐝�(xi脿n)瀵�(sh铆)鎰忕京鐨勭鏅鏉�銆傚緸椤屽瀷闆ｅ害渚嗙湅锛岃繎浜涘勾鐨勭炕璀鍨嬪憟鐝�(xi脿n)鍑洪€愭几鍔犻洠鐨勮定鍕�锛岄暦闆ｅ彞鍑虹従(xi脿n)娆℃暩(sh霉)鏈夋墍澧炲姞銆備絾鏄�锛岃獮娉曢洠搴﹀嵒鐣ユ湁涓嬮檷銆傞€欓椤屽瀷鑰冨療鑰冪敓灏嶈缇╃殑閬告搰鍙婂紩鐢�锛屽皪鍘熸枃鐞嗚В鐨勬繁搴﹀拰瑾炶█鐨勬簴(zh菙n)纰鸿〃閬�(d谩)?锛熷繉顚ｈ瘱鐤珸椤為鐨勬檪鍊�锛屾妸婕㈣獮婧�(zh菙n)纰虹殑琛ㄩ仈(d谩)鍑轰締鏄渶闆ｆ妸鎻″拰寰楀垎闆ｉ粸(di菐n)銆�

銆€銆€浣滄枃——

銆€銆€灏忎綔鏂囪嚜2005骞磋捣鍦ㄨ€冪爺鑻辫獮瑭﹀嵎涓嚭鐝�(xi脿n)锛屼緷鎿�(j霉)杩戝勾渚嗗ぇ缍辫垏澶х侗瑙ｆ瀽鐨勭浉闂�(gu膩n)瑕�(gu墨)瀹�锛岄洊鐒跺皪鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄦ枃瀵綔鐨勮€冩煡鍒楀嚭浜嗘浉淇￠鍜屽憡绀洪鍏╁ぇ椤�锛岀劧鑰屽皬浣滄枃鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄦ枃涓€鐩磋€冩煡鐨勬槸鏇镐俊锛屽彧鏄湪鍘诲勾棣栨閬告搰浜嗛€氱煡鐨勮€冩煡褰㈠紡锛岃€�2011骞寸殑鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄦ枃閮ㄥ垎鏄辜绾�(x霉)鑰冩煡鏇镐俊閭勬槸鍛婄ず椤炴垨鏄幓骞存柊澧炵殑鎽樿瀵綔閭勬槸鍏呮豢浜嗕笉纰哄畾鍥犵礌锛屼絾鏄噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄦ枃閮ㄥ垎灏嶅浣滆€冩煡鎵€瑕佹眰鐨勬牳蹇冭绱犱笉鏈冩湁鎵€璁婂寲銆傞棞(gu膩n)浜庡ぇ浣滄枃锛屽緸95骞磋嚦浠婅€冮亷鐨勯鏉愮浉灏嶆瘮杓冨妯ｅ寲锛屾棦鍑虹従(xi脿n)閬庢彁缍卞紡鍛介浣滄枃锛屼篃鏈夊湒琛ㄩ鍛介浣滄枃锛岃€屽湪杩戜簺骞存渶甯歌€冪殑椤屾潗鍓囨槸鍦栫暙椤炲懡椤屼綔鏂�锛屽洜鑰岃€冪敓鍦ㄦ簴(zh菙n)鍌欐檪涓嶅Θ鏈夋墍鍋�(c猫)閲�銆傚湒鐣鍛介浣滄枃鎳�(y墨ng)鏄€冪爺浠婂悗鐨勪富娴佸懡椤屾€濊矾锛屽熀鏈帓闄や簡瀵┍椤屼綔鏂囩殑鍙兘鎬�銆�

銆€銆€鍌欒€冮亷绋嬩腑锛岃儗鍜屽蹇呴爤绶婂瘑绲�(ji茅)鍚堣捣渚�銆傛湁鏅傚€欒儗寰楀嚭渚嗗嵒瀵笉鍑轰締锛屼粈涔堝師鍥�锛熷洜?y脿n)妤歌瘹鑱涚閽︻嵆顎斿鎭�?锛岃€冭│鐨勬檪鍊欐槸绲勫悎鐨勫彞瀛�锛屾墍浠ユ垜鍊戣鎻愰啋澶у骞虫檪涓€瀹氳娉ㄦ剰鍘诲銆傛彁楂樺浣滅殑鑳藉姏锛岃畝鑳屼笉绛変簬瀵紝鍕曠瓎瀵槸鑷抽棞(gu膩n)閲嶈鐨�銆傚彧鏈夐€氶亷鐪熸鐨勫嫊绛�“瀵�”锛屼竴鍊嬩汉鐨勫浣滆兘鍔涙墠鑳藉緱鍒版彁楂�銆傛墍浠ュ姞寮�(qi谩ng)瀵�(sh铆)闅涘浣滅反缈�(x铆)鏈夎憲鑷抽棞(gu膩n)閲嶈鐨勪綔鐢�銆�

銆€銆€閼掍簬鑻辫獮鑰冪侗鐨勭┅(w臎n)瀹氭€э紝鍚勪綅鑰冪敓鍙互绻肩簩(x霉)鏃㈠畾寰�(f霉)缈�(x铆)鎬濊矾鍜岃▓(j矛)鍔�锛岀┅(w臎n)瀹氭儏绶掞紝鍏ㄥ績鍌欒€�銆傜暥(d膩ng)鐒�锛屽崈閲屼箣琛屽浜庤冻涓�锛屽悇浣嶈€冪敓涓€瀹氳鑵宠笍瀵�(sh铆)鍦拌惤瀵�(sh铆)鑷繁鐨勮▓(j矛)鍔�锛岄€欐ǎ鎵嶈兘閬�(d谩)鍒颁簨鍗婂姛鍊嶇殑鏁堟灉銆�